辽宁省高三下学期普通高等学校招生全国统一考试临门一卷（一）英语

绝密★启用前2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试·临门一卷(一)英语本试题卷共8页。全卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟。★祝考试顺利★注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whendoesthemanplantomeetthewoman?A.At2:00pm.B.At3:00pm.C.At4:00pm.2.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Therosescostthesameasexpected.B.Therosesaredifficulttofind.C.Therosesarecheaperthanlastyear.3.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeel?A.Excited.B.Hungry.C.Annoyed.4.Whatistheweatherlikeoutside?。A.Sunny.B.Cloudy.C.Rainy.5.What'sthewomandoing?A.Gettingdressed.B.Havingaparty.C.Buyingnewclothes.第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whenwillthestudentsarriveatthemuseum?A.Atabout8:00am.B.Atabout9:00am.C.Atabout10:00am.7.WhatdoesthewomanexpecttodoinBamfordPark?A.Pickflowers.B.Workout.C.Haveapicnic.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhatattractsthemanmostaboutgoingtoCambridgeUniversity?A.Britishculture.B.Thecollege'sreputation.C.Thecollege'sachievement.9.Whatdoesthewomanfeelabouttheman'splanintheend?A.Surprised.B.Supportive.C.Worried.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题.10.WhatshouldMaryhandinnextMonday?A.Asummary.B.Ashortnovel.C.Afilmreview.11.HowmanywordsdoesMaryneedtowritefortheassignment?A.About100.B.About120.C.About150.12.WhatdoesthemanaskMarytodo?A.Memorizethenewwords.B.Recitethetext.C.Copytheidiomsthreetimes.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whyisthewomanworried?A.Shecan'tfindherwaytothebookstore.B.Shefailedinthechemistrytestagain.C.Shehasn'tboughtthechemistrytextbook.14.Howmanychapterswerethespeakersrequiredtoread?A.Two.B.Six.C.Seven.15.Whatcanwelearnabouttheman?A.Hedoesn'tlikeProfessorJenkins.B.Heisweakinchemistry.C.Hedoesn'tfeelthatworried.16.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.WatchaTVprogram.B.Gotothebookstoreagain.C.TurntoProfessorJenkinsforhelp.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Wheredidthesharkattacksoccurrecently?A.InNorthCarolina.B.InCalifornia.C.InFlorida.18.WhatdoesGrahamSchwartzprobablydo?A.He'salifeguardofthebeaches.B.He'saresearcherfromamuseum.C.He'sasharkexpertfromauniversity.19.Whatarepeopleadvisedtodotokeepawayfrombeingattacked?A.Playtogetherinthewater.B.Swimwherethewateriswarm:C.Avoidcertaintypesofbathingsuits.20.WhatdidtheDepartmentofParksandRecreationdo?A.Theycloseddownthebeaches.B.Theyconductedastudyonsharkattacks.C.Theyforcedboatsandfishermentostopallactivities.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分3分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项。AWindsorCastle,EnglandPossiblyoneofthemostfamouscastlesinEuropeisWindsorCastleinEngland,whichhasbeenthehomeofBritishroyaltyforcenturies.Thecastleissurroundedby13acresoflandandfeaturesafortification,apalace,andasmalltown.ThesedaysthecastlefeaturesaGeorgianandVictoriandesignbasedonamedievalstructure,withGothicfeatures.Asyouwouldexpectinanyhomeofamonarch(君主),famousartpiecesfeaturewithinthecastle.BeingoneofthethreeofficialresidencesoftheQueen,itisstillfullyoperationalandattractingtouristsisnotitsmainpurpose.VisitorscanexpecttovisitStateApartmentsaswellastheStGeorge'sChapelandwitnesschangingoftheGuard.MontSaintMichel,FranceFewplacesintheworldareasmagicalastheMontSaintMichelinFrance.TheaweinspiringislandlocatedwhereNormandyandBrittanymeetisotherworldly(超世俗的)andunique.Eventhoughnottechnicallyacastle,itwouldbedifficultforanyonetodenyitsmagnificence.Whatsitsontopoftheislandisamedievalmonasteryattractingpilgrimsforcenturies.ThelegendtellsthatbishopAubertfromanearbytownwasorderedbyArchangelhimselftobuildachurchontopoftheisland.Thescenerysurroundingtheislandiseverchangingasthetidesofthebaycanrecede(后退)quickly,revealingapletelydifferentview.Duringthelowtide,theislandcanbereachedonfoot,andhundredsoftouristsvisiteachday.Museums,parishchurch,andtheabbeyareopenforvisitors.EltzCastle,GermanyEltzCastlehassteadilybeeoneofthemostphotographedcastlesonInstagramwithmanylandscapephotographerschoosingtocaptureitduringtheeerie(怪异的)hoursoftheday.Thecastlesitsontopofahillsurroundedbyathickforest,addingtothemysteriousfeel.Duetoitssecludedposition,itfeelsworldsaway.Justlikemanymedievalcastles,EltzCastlehasseenitsfairshareofconflictbutwasneverdestroyedoverthecenturies.Interestingly,EltzFamilyhaspossessionofthecastletothisday.BranCastle,RomaniaBranCastleisapproximately2500feethighandrisesfrombetweensurroundingtrees.ItoverlooksthebeautifulvillageofBran,andtheseveraltowersandturrets(塔楼)giveitamysteriousmood.Nowadaystouristscanvisitthecastleandwanderthroughthenarrowstairwaysleadingto60timbered(木质的)rooms,interesting,manyofthemconnectedbyundergroundpassages.21.WhatdoweknowaboutWindsorCastle,England?A.ItisresidenceoftheQueennow.B.Touristscanpayavisittothecastleforfree.C.Youcanvisiteveryplaceinthecastle.D.Noneoftheartpiecesisseeninthecastle.22.WhichisthefeatureofEltzCastle,Germany?A.Ontopoftheislandsitsamedievalmonastery.B.Itcanbereachedonfootduringthelowtide.C.Museumsandchurchareaccessibleforvisitors.D.Itisoneofthemostphotographedcastlesforitsmystery.23.Whatshouldyouchoosetoexperiencewoodenrooms?A.WindsorCastle,EnglandB.MontSaintMichel,FranceC.EltzCastle,GermanyD.BranCastle,RomaniaBAtfirstglance,thesnowthat'schangedfromwhitetobrightpinkintheItalianAlpsseemslikeastunningfeatofnature.Butscientistssayitmayactuallybeawarningsignofenvironmentaltrouble.Algae(藻类)aretothankorblameforthepinklayerthatcoatsthePresenaGlacierinnorthernItaly.Scientistssayit'snotanunmonphenomenoninthespringandsummer,buttheywarnthatitcouldbeeaproblemifitstartsoccurringmorefrequently.BiagioDiMauro,directoroftheInstituteofPolarSciences(ISP)atItaly'sNationalResearchCouncil,traveledtotheglaciertoinvestigatethemysteriousalgae.Whilethephenomenoniswelldocumented,"thereisrelativelylittlescientificliteratureonthisphenomenon,whichhasthedirecteffectofacceleratingthemeltingofsnowandice,"theinstitutesaid.Photosfromthetrekshowamassivealgaebloom,turninglargeswathsoftheglacierfromwhitetopink.DiMaurosaidonTwitterthatthealgaewaslikelyChlamydomonasnivalis(极地雪藻).AccordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalNature,snowalgaehasinfluenceoncarbondioxideintheatmosphere.Thealgaeisnotdangerous,itisanaturalphenomenonthatoccursduringthespringandsummerperiodsinthemiddlelatitudesbutalsoatthePoles,DiMaurosaidinapressrelease.Thealgaecouldacceleratemeltinginthealreadyfragileregion.Climatechange,contributingto2020'sunseasonablywarmtemperaturesandlackofsnow,isexacerbatingtheissue.Typicallyicereflectsthemajorityofthesun'sradiation,butalgaedarkentheice,causingadecreaseinreflectivity.Thiscausesthesnowtoabsorbmoreheatandmeltmorequickly."Everythingthatdarkensthesnowcausesittomeltbecauseitacceleratestheabsorptionofradiation,"saidDiMauro,Inordertoflourish,theorganismsneedanavailablesupplyofwater.So,astheicemeltevenmorealgaewillappear.InMay,Antarcticasawgreensnow,alsocausedbymicroscopicalgae.Atthetime,scientistssaidthatastheplanetwarmsandmoreofAntarctica'ssnowmelts,thealgaewillonlycontinuetospread.24.Whatcanwelearnaboutsnow'schangingfromwhitetobrightpink?A.Itisprovedamasterpieceofnature.B.Itoccursmainlybecauseofthealgae.C.Itisamonphenomenoninthewinter.D.Ithasledtoseriousenvironmentalproblems.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"exacerbating"inParagraph5mean?A.Preventing.B.Lessening.C.Worsening.D.Delaying.26.Whateffectdoesthealgaehave?A.Speedingupthemeltofsnowandglacier.B.Reflectingmoreradiationofthesun.C.Causingunreasonablewarmtemperatures.D.Causinglackofsnowinthefragileregion.27.Inwhichsectioncanwereadthetext,inthenewspaper?A.Sports.B.Environment.C.Economics.D.Entertainment.CParentsplayanimportantroleindeterminingtheeducationalsuccessoftheirchildren.Theirexpectationsforhowwelltheirchildrendoatschoolandtheenvironmentathomeareimportantdeterminantsofachievements.Familyinfluenceisgreatinhelpingachildtorealizeacademicacplishment.Childrenwholiveinhomesinwhichtheparentsareacademicallysuccessful,oncetheybeeparents,oftenfeelthattheirjobistopreparetheirchildrentodolikewiseinschool.Theytaketheirkidsonvacation,andtheyspendtimelearningaboutlocalhistoryatmuseums.Theyalsomayensurethattheirkidshavetimetostudyandunderstandtheimportanceofschoolattendance.Schoolisapriorityforthesefamilies,andchildreninthesefamiliesgrowupwithafocusonlearning.Parentswhohavehighacademicexpectationsandthosewhoadoptamoreauthoritarianparentingstylefortheirchildrenoftenhavechildrenwhodowellinschool.However,itcanbedangeroustosetexpectationstoohigh,suchthatachildfeelsoverlypressuredtoperform.Thesetypesofexpectationsshouldbebalancedwiththosethatrelatedirectlytothechildren,sothattheywillbeabletopersonallysetandreachgoals,workhardandtoenjoybeingcurious.Parentswhosupporttheirchildrenintheiracademicworkalsopositivelyinfluencetheirperformance.Thistakesdifferentformsforfamilies.Someparentsmighthelpwithhomework,orvolunteeratschool.Othersprovideaquietstudyspace,aconsistentbedtimeorapositiveexampleofhardworkanddiscipline.Howparentsshowsupportfortheirchild'sacademiccareervariesbyfamilyandbyculture.Nomatterhowitisshown,itisavitalpartofachild'sacademicsuccesstoknowtheirparentsarebehindtheirefforts.Aloveofreadinginahouseholdcanalsopositivelyaffectachild'sacademicattainment.Learningnewvocabulary,andhowtopredict,understandandrespondtoatextarejustsomeoftheskillschildrencanlearnathomeandthatareimportantinanacademicenvironment.Readingbooks,newspapers,magazinesandwebsiteswithchildrenonaregularbasissetsthemupforsuccessatschool.28.Inwhataspectdoparentsinfluencechildrenimportantly?A.Familylife.B.Adultlife.C.Expectationsoftheirjobs.D.Academicachievements.29.Whatmayacademicallysuccessfulparentsputfirst?A.Familytravel.B.Historicknowledge.C.Attendingschool.D.Goingtomuseums.30.Howmayacademicallysuccessfulparentsinfluencetheirchildren'sacademicachievements?A.Theyasktheirchildrentosolveproblemsalone.B.Theymayinviteteacherstotheirhousestoteach.C.Theyputgreatpressureontheirchildren.D.Theycanofferhelptotheirchildrenindifferentways.31.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Familyinfluenceonchildren'sacademicachievementsB.HowtoimprovetherelationinafamilyC.WhatparentscandotohelptheirchildrenD.BenefitsofsuccessfulparentsDPromising42,000newhomesacrossfiveresidentialdistricts,theecotownofTengahwillbethe24thnewsettlementbuiltbySingapore'sgovernmentsinceWorldWarII.Itis,however,thefirstwithcentralizedcooling,automatedtrashcollectionandacarfreetowncenter,whichconservationistshopeoffersaroadmapforslashing(大幅度削减)carbonemissionsintheSoutheastAsiancitystate.Althoughparativelysmall,withapopulationofunder6millionpeople,Singapore'spercapitaemissionsarehigherthanthoseoftheUK,ChinaandneighboringMalaysia,accordingtothecountry'sNationalClimateChangeSecretariat.That'sdue,inpart,toairconditioning,whichaccountsformorethanathirdoftypicalhouseholdenergyconsumption.TheMeteorologicalServiceSingapore(MSS)haspredictedthat,bytheendofthiscentury,averagedailytemperaturesinthecitystatemaybeatleast34.1degreesCelsius"almosteveryday"duringtheeightwarmestmonthsoftheyear.Assuch,keepingcoolwill,increasingly,beanecessityforresidents.Katherthandemonizing(妖魔化)airconditioning,Tengah'splannershaveinsteadsoughttoreimagineit.Coldwater,chilledusingsolarpower,willbepipedthroughthedistrict'shomes,meaningresidentsdon'tneedtoinstallinefficientoutdoorACcondensers.Accordingtothetown'senergyprovider,SPGroup,thiswillgeneratecarbondioxidesavingsequivalenttotaking4,500carsofftheroadseachyear.Plannersusedputermodelingtosimulatewindflowandheatgainacrossthetown,helpingtoreducethesocalledurbanheatislandeffect.Elsewhere,"smart"lightswillswitchoffwhenpublicspacesareunoccupied,andtrashwillbestoredcentrally,withmonitorsdetectingwhengarbageneedscollecting.Allresidentswillhaveaccesstotheappallowingthemtomonitortheirenergyandwaterusage.Digitaldisplaysineachblockwillmeanwhileinformoccupantsoftheircollectiveenvironmentalimpact,whichcouldevenencouragepetitionbetweenresidentialblocks.Regardlessofwhethertheuseofsmarttechnologycansignificantlyreducegreenhousegasemissionsornot,engagingresidentswiththeirownconsumptioncouldencouragebehavioralchange,accordingtoPerrineHamel,anassistantprofessoratNanyangTechnologicalUniversity'sAsianSchooloftheEnvironment."Changingbehaviorisgoingtobeanintegralpartofachievingclimatetargetsand,ofcourse,urbandesignisthefirstwaytoaffectandchangebehavior,"shesaid.32.WhatcanweknowaboutTengahfromParagraph1?A.Itoffersfreecarstoeveryresident.B.Itfacesseriousenvironmentalproblems.C.Itfeaturesasustainableurbandesign.D.It'sthefirstecotowninSoutheastAsia.33.WhatisthepurposeofParagraph2?A.Topredictclimatechangeinthefuture.B.Towarnpeoplenottouseairconditioning.C.Toexplaintheimportanceofconservingenergy.D.Tostressthenecessityofadoptingefficientcooling.34.WhatwillhappentoTengah'sresidentsaccordingtoParagraph4?A.Theywillbeabletochecktheirenergyusage.B.Theywillberequiredtodisposeofgarbageontheirown.C.Theywillbeinvolvedinvariouspetitiveactivities.D.Theywillnolongerbeaffectedbytheurbanheatislandeffect.35.WhatdoesthesmarturbandesignhelpaccordingtoPerrineHamel?A.Helpsefficientlyreducecarbonemissions.B.Promoteschangesinpeople'sbehavior.C.Encouragesthedecreaseinenergyconsumption.D.Bringsmoreconveniencetopeople'slives.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分1分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。2021istheYearoftheOxaccordingtoChinesezodiac.InChinayouwillfindvariousoxfiguresmadeofgold,wood,plastic,paper,shellandstoneonsaleinstoresandonstreetstocelebratethereturn.v36Centuriesago,mostpeopleearnedtheirlivingthroughfarming.Forexample,theoxwasusedtohelpplow,cultivateandcarryheavygoods.Besides,theoxhaslonghadasignificantplaceinChineseculture.37IntheClassicofPoetry,theoldestexistingcollectionofChinesepoetry,theanimalwasmentionedinnineoutofthe305pieces.38Tothisday,thephrase"thespiritofox"stillreferstoconqueringanythingthatmaypresentitselfasanobstacle.39Whensomeoneachievesagreatacplishmentthroughhardwork,peopleoftenuse"niu",meaning"awesome",todescribehimorher.Oxenseldombullytheweakorfearthestrong.40ThisisreflectedinacoupletfromapoembyLuXun(18811936):"Fiercebrowed,Icoollydefyathousandpointingfingers;Headbowed,likeawillingoxIservethechildren",whichfullyexpressesthepoet'sloyaltytothepeople.A.Theyworkhardandmakesacrifices.B.Theyneverseektobethecenterofattentionanddonotlookforpraise.C.Thespiritishighlypraisedandmanypeoplefollowitastheirworkethic.D.AncientChinesepoetsandwritersfrequentlydescribedtheoxinliterature.E.Butwhywastheoxchosentobeoneofthe12Chinesezodiacsigns?F.Theoxisconsideredasymbolofdiligenceandearnestness(认真)inChineseculture.G.ThosewhowerebornintheYearoftheOxareoftenexpectedtobehardworking.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Somethingunpredictabletookplacetoday.IwasatthegateatNYairport,41togetonmyplanetoanothercity.Suddenly,alittleboywholookedtobeeighteenmonthswashavingatotalbreakdown,42betweentheseats,kickingandscreaming,thenlyingontheground,refusingtoboardthe43.Hisyoungmom,whowasclearlypregnantandtravelingalonewithherson,becamepletelylost.Shecouldn't44hersonbecausehewaslyingdownontheground,kickingand45.Themotherfinallysatdownonthefloorandputherheadinherhands,withhersonnexttoher.Then,thisgorgeousthinghappend.Sixorsevenwomenintheairportapproachedand46thepoormotherandthelittleboy.Wekneltdown,andformedacircle.IsangTheItsyBitsySpidertothelittleboy.Onewomanhad'alittle47inherbagthatshelettheboyplaywith,anotherwomangavethemomanewlybought48ofwater.Someoneelse49themomtogetthekid'scupoutofherbagandgiveittohim.Itwasso50becausetherewasno51andnooneknewanyoneelse,butwewereabletocalmthembothdown,andshegotherchildontheplane.Afterthey52thedoorweallwentbacktoour53seatsanddidn'ttalkaboutit.Wewerestrangers,gatheringto54problems.Itoccurredtomethatacircleofwomen,withamission,can55theworld.41.A.leavingB.beggingC.waitingD.standing42.A.runningB.yellingC.dashingD.listening43.A.boatB.taxiC.trainD.plane44.A.setupB.takeinC.putdownD.pickup45.A.speakingB.screamingC.jumpingD.laughing46.A.laughedB.neglectedC.questionedD.surrounded47.A.dogB.toyC.gunD.coat48.A.cupB.bowlC.bagD.bottle49.A.refusedB.forcedC.helpedD.allowed50.A.boringB.dangerousC.gorgeousD.interesting51.A.discussionB.admissionC.timeD.need52.A.lookedintoB.turnedintoC.wentthroughD.heardof53.A.separateB.woodC.mon.D.priceless54.A.produceB.solveC.analyze.D.forget55.A.destroyB.winC.cheatD.save第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Thelasthourofanyone'sworkdayisnotalwaysfruitful.Asthehoursofhighproductivitystarttofade,mostofusbeginwatchingtheclock.But56(end)theworkdaywithpurposescanboostsuccessbothinsideandoutsidetheoffice.Whilemanyofusspendourlasthourofworkmakingatodolistfortomorrow,57(success)peoplereviewthedaytheyjusthad,instead.Itissuggestedthatthelasthourofaday58(spend)onreflectionthefailuresandsuccesses,howeverlargeorsmall.Documentingouracplishmentswillbehelpfultoourprofessional59(grow)andbringmorejoyintoourjob