2022年6月四级考试真题(第一套)

2021年6月四级考试真题（第一套）2022年6月四级考试真题(第一套)PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoexpressyourthankstooneofyourfriendswhohelpedyoumostwhenyouwereindifficulty.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)SectionADirections：Inthissection，youwillhearthreenewsreports．Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions．Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce．Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA．，B．，C．,andD．,ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronanswerSheet1withdsinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard．1．A．Howcollegestudentscanhandletheirpsychologicalproblems．B．Whycollegestudentsaremorelikelytohavestressproblems．C．Whysufficientsleepisimportantforcollegestudents．D．HOWcollegestudentscanimprovetheirsleephabits．2．A．Itisnoteasytoimproveone'ssleephabitsB．Itisnotgoodforstudentstoplayvideogames．C．Makinglast．minutepreparationsfortestsmaybelesseffectivethansleeping．D．StudentswhoarebetterpreparedgenerallygethigherscoresinexaminationsQuestions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.3．A．WhetheradequateinvestmentisbeingmadetoimproveairportfacilitiesB．WhethertheBritishAirportsAuthorityshouldselloffsomeofitsassets．C．WhethertheSpanishcompanycouldofferbetterservice．D．WhethermoreairportsshouldbebuiltaroundLondon．4．A．Poorownershipstructure．C．Lackofinnovationandcompetition．B．Inefficientmanagement．D．Lackofrunwayandterminalcapacity．Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5．A．Studytheeffectsofnicotineonyoungsmokers．B．Setalimittotheproductionoftheircigarettes．C．Takestepstoreducenicotineintheirproducts．D．Reportthenicotinecontentoftheircigarettes．6．A．Thebiggestincreaseinnicotinecontenttendedtobeinbrandsyoungsmokerslike．B．Brandswhichcontainhighernicotinecontentwerefoundtobemuchmorepopular．C．Tobaccocompaniesrefusedtodiscussthedetailednicotinecontentoftheirproducts．D．Bigtobaccocompanieswereflankwiththeircustomersaboutthehazardsofsmoking．7．A．Theywillpaymoreattentiontothequalityoftheirproducts．B．Theywerenotpreparedtocommentonthecigarettestudy．C．Theypromisedtoreducethenicotinecontentincigarettes．D．Theyhavenotfullyrealizedtheharmfuleffectofnicotine．SectionBDirections：Inthissection，youwillheartwolongconversations．Attheendofeachconversation，youwillhearfourquestions．Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce．Afteryouhearaquestion，youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD．ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre．Questions8tol1arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard．8．A．Holland．B．Indonesia．C．England．D．Sweden．9．A．TalkingwithherboyfriendinDutch．B．Gettingacoachwhocanofferrealhelp．C．Acquiringthenecessaryabilitytosocialize．D．Learningalanguagewhereitisnotspoken．10．A．Practicingreadingaloudasoftenaspossible．B．Listeningtolanguageprogramsontheradio．C．Tryingtospeakitasmuchasonecan．D．Makingfriendswithnativespeakers．11．A．Itprovidesopportunitiesforlanguagepractice．B．Ittrainsyoungpeople'sleadership．abilitiesC．Itoffersvariouscourseswithcreditpoints．D．Itcreatesanenvironmentforsocializing．Questions12tol5arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard．12．A．Asenseoffreedomdrivinggives．B．Rulesandregulationsfordriving．C．Therolepolicemenplayintrafficsafety．D．Theimpactofenginedesignonroadsafety．13．A．Makecarswithautomaticcontrol．B．Makecarswithhigherstandards．C．Makecarsthatarelesspowerful．D．Makecarsthathavebetterbrakes．14．A．Theyfollowtrafficrulesclosely．B．Theykeepwithinspeedlimits．C．Theyliketogoathighspeed．D．Theytendtodriveresponsibly．15．A．Itisabadidea．B．Itisaseffectiveasspeedbumps．C．Itisnotuseful．D．Itshouldbecombinedwitheducation．SectionCDirections：Inthissection，youwillhearthreepassages．Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions．Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce．Afteryouhearaquestion，youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA，B，C,andD,ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetlwithasinglelinethroughthecentre．Questions16tol8arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard．A.Thecardgotdamaged.Thecardwasfoundinvalid.Thecardreaderbrokedownunexpectedly.Thecardreaderfailedtodothescanning.A.ByseekinghelpfromthecardreadermakerVerifone.Bycoveringthecreditcardwithalayerofplastic.Bycallingthecreditcardcompanyforconfirmation.Bytypingthecreditcardnumberintothecashregister.A.Producemanylow-techfixesforhigh,techfailures.Givebirthtomanynewtechnologicalinventions.ChangethelifestyleofmanyAmericans.Affectthesalesofhigh,techappliances.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A.Theyvaryamongdifferentdepartments.Theyleavemuchroomforimprovement.Theyaredeterminedbytheadvisingboard.Theyaresetbythedeanofthegraduateschool.A.Byconsultingtheexaminingcommittee.ByreadingtheBulletinofInformation.Byvisitingtheuniversity'swebsite.Bycontactingthedepartmentaloffice.A.Theyarehardertomeetthanthoseforundergraduates.Theyspecifythenumberofcreditsstudentsmustearn.Theyhavetobeapprovedbytheexaminingcommittee.Theyarcthesameamongvariousdivisionsoftheuniversity.Questions22to25arebasedoilthepassageyouhavejustheard.A.Ph.D.candidatesindieting.Studentsmajoringinnutrition.Studentsinhealthclasses.Middleandhighschoolteachers.A.Itsoveremphasisonthinness.Itschangingcriteriaforbeauty.Itsmistakenconceptionofnutrition.Itsoverestimateoftheeffectofdieting.A.Todemonstratethemagiceffectofdietingonwomen.Toexplainhowcomputerimagescanbemisleading.Toprovethattechnologyhasimpactedourculture.Toillustrateherpointthatbeautyisbutskindeep.A.Tohelpstudentsridthemselvesofbadlivinghabits.Toestablishanemotionalconnectionwithstudents.Topromoteherownconceptofbeauty.Topersuadegirlstostopdieting.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections：Inthissection，thereisapassagewithtenblanks．Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage．Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices．Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter．PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre．Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce．Signsbarringcell—phoneuseareafamiliarsighttoanyonewhohaseversatinahospitalwaitingroom.Butthe-26popularityofelectronicmedicalrecordshasforcedhospital.baseddoctorstobecome2^oncomputersthroughouttheday,anddesktops~whichkeepdoctorsfrombedsides—are-2^givingwaytowirelessdevices．Asclericalloadsincreased,“somethinghadto2^.andthatwasalwaysfacetimewithpatients."saysDr．BhaktiPatel．aformerchiefresidentintheUniversityofChicago'sintenal-medicineprogram．Infall2022,shehelped-3^apilotprojectinChicagotoseeiftheiPadcouldimproveworkingconditionsandpatientcare.Theexperimentwasso31thatallinternal.medicineresidentsattheuniversitynowgetiPadswhentheybegintheprogram.JohnsHopkins'internal.medicineprogramadoptedthesame32in2022．MedicalschoolsatYaleandStanfordnowhavepaperless．iPad-basedcurriculums．“You'11wantaniPadjustsoyoucanwearthis”isthesloganforoneofthenewlabcoats3^withlargepocketstoaccommodatetabletcomputers．AstudyoftheUniversityofChicagoiPadprojectfoundthatpatientsgottestsand-3^fasteriftheywerecaredforbyiPad.equippedresidents.Manypatientsalso35abetterunderstandingoftheillnessesmatlandedtheminthehospitalinthefirstplaceAdependentBdesignedCfastDflyingEgainedFgiveGgrowingHlaunchIpolicyJprospectKratherLreliableMsignalNsuccessfulOtreatmentsSectionBDirections：Inthissection，youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoitEachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphsIdentifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderivedYoumaychooseaparagraphmorethanonceEachparagraphismarkedwithaletterAnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2AncientGreekWisdomInspiresGuidelinestoGoodLifeAIsitpossibletoenjoyapeacefullifeinaworldthatisincreasinglychallengedbythreatsanduncertaintiesfromwars，terrorism，economiccrisesandawidespreadoutbreakofinfectiousdiseases?Theanswerisyes，accordingtoanewbookThe10GoldenRules"AncientWisdomfromtheGreekPhilosophersonLivingaGoodLife．Thebookisco-authoredbyLongIslandUniversity'sphilosophyprofessorMichaelSoupiosandeconomicsprofessorPanosMourdoukoutas．B．ThewisdomoftheancientGreekphilosophersistimeless，saysSoupios．Thephilosophyprofessorsaysitisasrelevanttodayaswhenitwasfirstwrittenmanycenturiesago.“Thereisnoexpiration（失效）dateonwisdom．〞hesays．“Thereisnoshelflifeonintelligence．Ithinkthatthingshavebecomeverygloomythesedays,lotsofmisunderstanding,misleadingcues,alotofwhattheancientswouldhavecalledsophistry（狡辩）.ThenicethingaboutancientphilosophyasofferedbytheGreeksisthattheytendedtoseelifeclearandwhole,inawaythatwetendnottoseelifetoday.〞ExamineyourlifeSoupios,alongwithhisco—authorPanosMourdoukoutas,developedtheir10goldenrulesbyturningtothemenbehindthatphilosophy—Aristotle,Socrates,EpictetusandPythagoras,amongothers.Thefirstrule—examineyourlife—isthecommonthreadthatrunsthroughtheentirebook.SoupiossaysthatitisbasedonPlato'sobservationthattheunexaminedlifeisnotworthliving.“TheGreeksarealwaysconcernedaboutboxingthemselvesin,intermsofconvictions（信念），，hesays.“Sotakeastepback,switchofftheautomaticpilotandactuallystopandreflectaboutthingslikeourpriorities,ourvalues,andourrelationships.〞StopworryingaboutwhatyoucannotcontrolAswebegintoexamineourlife,Soupiossays,wecometoRuleNo.2：Worryonlyaboutthingsthatyoucancontrol.“TheindividualwhopromotedthisideawasaStoicphilosopher.HisnameisEpictetus,〞hesays.“AndwhattheStoicssayingeneralissimplythis：Thereisalargerplaninlife.Youarenotreallygoingtobeabletounderstandallofthedimensionsofthisplan.Youarenotgoingtobeabletocontrolthedimensionsofthisplan.〞So,Soupiosexplains,itisnotworthittowasteourphysical,intellectualandspiritualenergyworryingaboutthingsthatarebeyondourcontrol.“Icannotcontrolwhetherornotlwindupgettingthediseaseswineflu,forexample,〞hesays.“Imean,therearesomecautiousstepsIcantake,butultimatelyIcannotguaranteemyselfthat.SowhatEpictetuswouldsayissittingathomeworryingaboutthatwouldbewrongandwastefulandirrational.Youshouldliveyourlifeattemptingtoidentifyandcontrolthosethingswhichyoucangenuinelycontrol.''SeektruepleasureTohaveameaningful,happylifeweneedfriends.ButaccordingtoAristotle—astudentofPlatoandteacherofAlexandertheGreat—mostrelationshipsdon'tqualifyastruefriendships.“JustbecauseIhaveabusinessrelationshipwithanindividual.Inourpursuitofthegoodlife,hesays,itisimportanttoseekouttruepleasures—advicewhichwasoriginallyofferedbyEpicurus.ButunlikethemodemdefinitionofEpicureanismasalifeofindulgence（放纵）andluxuryfortheancientGreeks,itmeantfindingastateofcalm，peaceandmentalease.dualandIcanprofitfromthatrelationship.itdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatthispersonismyfriend，〞Soupiossays.“Realfriendshipiswhentwoindividualssharethesamesoul.ItisabeautifulanduncharacteristicallypoeticimagethatAristotleoffers.〞H.“ThiswasthehighestandmostdesirableformofpleasureandhappinessfortheancientEpicureans，〞Soupiossays.“Thisissomethingthatisverymuchwellworthconsideringhereinthemodemera.Idonotthinkthatwespendnearlyenoughtimetryingtoconcentrateonachievingasortofcalmness，asortofcontentmentinamentalandspiritualway,whichwasidentifiedbythesepeopleasthehighestformofhappinessandpleasure.〞DogoodtoothersI．Othergoldenrulescounselustomasterourselves，toavoidexcessandnottobeaprosperous（发迹的）fool．Therearealsorulesdealingwithinterpersonalrelationships：Bearesponsiblehumanbeinganddonotdoevilthingstoothers．J．“ThisisHesiod，ofcourse，ayoungercontemporarypoet，webelieve，withHomer,〞Soupiossays．“Hesiodoffersanidea—whichyouveryoftenfindinsomeoftheworld'heJudeo—ChristiantraditionandinIslamandothers——thatinsomesense、whenyouhurtanotherhumanbeing，youhurtyourself．Thatdamagingotherpeopleinyourcommunityandinyourlife，trashingrelationships，resultsinakindofself-inflicted（自己招致的）spiritualwound."K．Instead，Soupiossays，ancientwisdomurgesustodogood．GoldenRuleNo．10foragoodlifeisthatkindnesstowardotherstendstoberewarded.“ThisisAesop,thefabulist（寓言家），themanofthesecharminglittletales,oftentoldintermsofanimalsandanimalrelationships."hesays.“IthinkwhatAesopwassuggestingisthatwhenyouofferagoodrumtoanotherhumanbeing，onecanhopethatthatgooddeedwillcomebackandsortofpayaprofittoyou，thedoerofthegooddeed.Evenifthereisnoconcretebenefitpaidinresponsetoyourgooddeed，attheveryleast，thedoerofthegooddeedhastheopportunitytoenjoyakindofspirituallyenlightenedmoment，"M.Soupiossaysfollowingthe10GoldenRulesbasedonancientwisdomcanguideustothepathofthegoodlifewherewestoplivingasonlookersandbecomeengagedandhappierhumanbeings.Andthat，henotes，isalifeworthliving.AccordingtoanancientGreekphilosopher,itisimpossibleforustounderstandeveryaspectofourlife.Ancientphilosopherssawlifeinadifferentlightfrompeopleoftoday.Notallyourbusinesspartnersareyoursoulmates.Wecanliveapeacefullifedespitethevariouschallengesofthemodemworld.Thedoerofagooddeedcanfeelspirituallyrewardedevenwhentheygainnoconcretebenefits.Howtoachievementalcalmnessandcontentmentiswellworthourconsiderationtoday.MichaelSoupiossuggeststhatweshouldstopandthinkcarefullyaboutourprioritiesinlife.Ancientphilosophersstronglyadvisethatwedogood.ThewiseteachingsofancientGreekthinkersaretimeless，andareapplicabletocontemporarylife.Doharmtoothersandyoudoharmtoyourself.SectionCDirections：Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA），B.，C.andD..YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attitudestowardnewtechnologiesoftenfallalonggenerationallines.Thatis，generallyyoungerpeopletendtooutnumberolderpeopleonthefrontendofatechnologicalshift.Itisnotalwaysthecase.though.Whenyoulookatattitudestowarddriverlesscars，theredoesn'tseemtobeacleargenerationaldivide.Thepublicoverallissplitonwhetherthey'dliketouseadriverlesscar.Inastudylastyear,ofallpeoplesurveyed，48percentsaidtheywantedtorideinone，while50percentdidnot.Thefactthatattitudestowardself-drivingcarsappeartobesosteadyacrossgenerationssuggestshowtransformativetheshifttodriverlesscarscouldbe.Noteveryonewantsadriverlesscarnow—andnoonecangetoneyet—butamongthosewhoareopentothem，everyagegroupissimilarlyengaged.Actually，thisisn'tsurprising.Whereasoldergenerationsaresometimesreluctanttoadoptnewtechnologies，driverlesscarspromiserealvaluetotheseagegroupsinparticular.Olderadults，especiallythosewithlimitedmobilityordifficultydrivingontheirown，areoneoftheclassicuse-casesfordriverlesscars．Thisisespeciallyinterestingwhenyouconsiderthatyoungerpeoplearegenerallymoreinterestedintravel-relatedtechnologiesthanolderones．Whenitcomestodriverlesscars，differencesinattitudesaremorepronouncedbasedonfactorsnotrelatedtoage．Collegegraduates，forexample，areparticularlyinterestedindriverlesscarscomparedwiththosewhohavelesseducation：59percentofcollegegraduatessaidtheywouldliketouseadriverlesscarcomparedwith38percentofthosewithahigh—schooldiplomaorless．Whereapersonlivesmatters，too．Morepeoplewholivedincitiesandsuburbssaidtheywantedtotrydriverlesscarsthanthosewholivedinruralareas．Wh1ilethere'sreasontobelievethatinterestinself-drivingcarsisgoingupacrosstheboard．aperson'sagewillhavelittletodowithhowself-drivingcarscanbecomemainstream．Oncedriverlesscarsareactuallyavailableforsale，theearlyadopterswillbethepeoplewhocanaffordtobuythem．46．Whathappenswhenanewtechnologyemerges?A．Itfurtherwidensthegapbetweentheoldandtheyoung．B．Itoftenleadstoinnovationsinotherrelatedfields．C．Itcontributesgreatlytotheadvanceofsocietyasawhole．D．Itusuallydrawsdifferentreactionsfromdifferentagegroups．47．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthedriverlesscar?A．Itdoesnotseemtocreateagenerationaldivide．B．Itwillnotnecessarilyreduceroadaccidents．C．Itmaystartarevolutioninthecarindustry．D．Ithasgivenrisetounrealisticexpectations．48．Whydoesthedriverlesscarappealtosomeoldpeople?A．Itsavestheirenergy．B．Ithelpswiththeirmobility．C．Itaddstothesafetyoftheirtravel．D．Itstirsuptheirinterestinlife．49．Whatislikelytoaffectone'sattitudetowardthedriverlesscar?A．Thelocationoftheirresidence．B．Thefieldoftheirspecialinterest．C．Theamountoftrainingtheyreceived．D．Thelengthoftheirdrivingexperience．50．Whoarelikelytobethefirsttobuythedriverlesscar?A．Theseniors．B．Theeducated．C．Thewealthy．D．Thetechfans．PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage．Inagrarian（农业的），pre-industrialEurope,“you'dwanttowakeupearlystartworkingwiththesunrise，haveabreaktohavethelargestmeal，andthenyou'dgobacktowork，〞saysKenAlbala，aprofessorofhistoryattheUniversityofthePacific．“Later,at5or6．you'dhaveasmallersupper〞Thiscomfortablecycle,inwhichtherhythmsofthedayhelpedshapetherhythmsofthemeals，gaverisetothecustomofthelargemiddaymeal．eatenwiththeextendedfamily．“Mealsarethefoundationofthefamily〞saysCaroleCounihanaprofessoratMillersvilleUniversitynPennsylvaniasotherewasaveryimportantinterconnectionbetweeneatingtogether〞andstrengtheningfamilyties．Sinceindustrialization，maintainingsuchaslowculturalmetabolismhasbeenmuchharder,withthelongmiddaymealshrinkingtowhatevercouldbestuffedintoalunchbucketorboughtatafoodstand．Certainly,therewerebenefits．Modemtechniquesforproducingandshippingfoodledtogreatervarietyandquantity,includingatremendousincreaseintheamountofanimalproteinanddairyproductsavailable，makingusmorevigorousthanourancestors．Yetplentyhasbeenlosttoo．eveninculturesthatstilllivetoeat．TakeItaly．It'snosecretthattheMediter