+Unit+1+Section+A+Grammar+Focus-3c 人教版八年级英语上册

SectionAUnit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?GF-3cLearningAims1.能掌握以下单词：most,something,nothing,everyone,myself,yourself,hen,pig,seem,bored,someone,diary.

2.能掌握以下句型：

Wheredidyougoonvacation?

IwenttoNewYorkCity.

Didyougowithanyone?

No.Noonewashere.Everyonewasvacation.

3.掌握一般过去时的定义，时间状语，谓语结构和句式变化。

4.掌握不定代词something,nothing,everyone,someone等的用法。Learningobjectives学习本课时新单词、短语及句型：

单词：something,nothing,everyone,myself,yourself(pl.yourselves),hen,pig,seem,bored,someone,diary;短语：ofcourse;句型：Didyou...?Howwas/were...?语法：①复合不定代词的用法；

②一般过去时的疑问句及其回答。Wheredidyougoonvacation?Iwent

to

the

Great

Wall.ReviewLeadinWheredidtheygoonvacation?They

stayedathome.LeadinWheredidtheygoonvacation?They

visited

oldpeople.WarmingupPleasesaythepastformsoftheseverbsquickly.do-diddogoplaytakevisitstayseereadissee-sawgo-wentis-wasvisit-visitedtake-tookplay-playedstay-stayedread-readGrammarFocusWheredidyougoonvacation?IwenttoNewYorkCityDidyougooutwithanyone?No.Noonewashere.Everyonewasonvacation.Didyoubuyanythingspecial?Yes,Iboughtsomethingformyfather.No,Iboughtnothing.Howwasthefood?Everythingtastedreallygood!Dideveryonehaveagoodtime?Oh,yes.Everythingwasexcellent.GrammarFocusSimplePastTense（一般过去时）GrammarFocusSimplePastTense（一般过去时）1.概念：一般过去时表示过去某个时间或某一段时间内发生的动作

或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。2.标志词：yesterday,lastnight/week,in1990,twodaysago等,如：

Hegotupat6:30yesterday.

Ivisitedmygrandparentslastweek.3.一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和often，

always等表示频度的时间状语连用。如：Healwayswent

toworkbybuslastyear.Wheredidyou

goonvacation?Wheredidshe

goonvacation?Wheredidthey

goonvacation?Iwentto

the

Great

Wall.She

wentto

New

York

City.They

went

to

summer

camp.在特殊疑问句中，人称变化，疑问词不变，都是did，动词用原型Findtherules？GrammarFocusSimplePastTense（一般过去时）动词变过去式的规则类别构成方法例词与发音读音规则

一般情况play-played/pleɪd/offer-offered/ˈɒfəd/加-ed以e结尾的动词直接加-edlike-liked/laɪkt/hate-hated/ˈheɪtɪd/以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词plan-planned/plænd/stop-stopped/stɒpt/双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-edcry-cried/kraɪd/study-studied/ˈstʌdid/以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词变y为i，再加-ed清辅音后读/t/，浊辅音和元音后读/d/，/t/和/d/后面读/id/直加双改结构一：谓语是be

肯定句:主语﹢was/were…否定句:主语﹢wasn’t/weren’t…疑问句:Was/Were﹢主语…?用法：描述过去发生的动作、存在的状态以及过去

发生的事情。一般过去式肯定句:主语+动词的过去式…否定句:主语+didn’t+动词原形…疑问句:Did+主语+动词原形…?结构二：谓语是行为动词

例：过去我总是步行上学。Ialwayswalkedtoschoolinthepast.GrammarFocus句子类型含be动词实意动词肯定句否定句一般疑问句一般疑问句的肯定回答一般疑问句的否定回答他昨天在家。HaveatryHewasathomeyesterday.Hewasn'tathomeyesterday.Washeathomeyesterday?Yes,hewas.No,hewasnot(wasn't).她上周去了北京。ShewenttoBeijinglastweek.Shedidn'tgotoBeijinglastweek.DidshegotoBeijinglastweek?Yes,shedid.No,shedidn't.be动词在一般现在时中有am,is,are三种形式，意为“是”，但在一般过去时中有was(单数)和were(复数).实意动词（行为动词）按照动词过去时变化规则进行变化，但在一般疑问句中需用助动词did,后接动词原形。GrammarFocusWheredidyougoonvacation?IwenttoNewYorkCityDidyougooutwithanyone?No.Noonewashere.Everyonewasonvacation.Didyoubuyanythingspecial?Yes,Iboughtsomethingformyfather.No,Iboughtnothing.Howwasthefood?Everythingtastedreallygood!Dideveryonehaveagoodtime?Oh,yes.Everythingwasexcellent.GrammarFocusCompoundIndefinitePronouns复合不定代词句子类型含be动词实意动词肯定句否定句一般疑问句一般疑问句的肯定回答一般疑问句的否定回答他昨天在家。HaveatryHewasathomeyesterday.Hewasn'tathomeyesterday.Washeathomeyesterday?Yes,hewas.No,hewasnot(wasn't).她上周去了北京。ShewenttoBeijinglastweek.Shedidn'tgotoBeijinglastweek.DidshegotoBeijinglastweek?Yes,shedid.No,shedidn't.be动词在一般现在时中有am,is,are三种形式，意为“是”，但在一般过去时中有was(单数)和were(复数).实意动词（行为动词）按照动词过去时变化规则进行变化，但在一般疑问句中需用助动词did,后接动词原形。GrammarFocus探究语法规律Wheredidyougoonvacation?IwenttoNewYorkCity.Didyougooutwithanyone?No,Noonewashere.Everyonewasonvacation.Didyoubuyanythingspecial?

Yes,Iboughtsomethingformyfather.No,Iboughtnothing.Howwasthefood?Everythingtastedreallygood.Dideveryonehaveagoodtime?Oh,yes,EverythingwasexcellentWhatdidyoufindout?1.定义：不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。2.构成：由some、any、no、every加上-body，-one，-thing

构成的不定代词称为复合不定代词。复合不定代词XIAOSHITOUDEBIANHUAsome-any-no-every-onesomeone某人anyone某人/任何人noone没有人everyone每人bodysomebody某人anybody某人/任何人nobody没有人everybody每人thingsomething某事物anything某事物/任何事物nothing没有东西everything每件事wheresomewhere某处anywhere任何地方nowhere无处everywhere到处复合不定代词some-

构成的符合不定代词用法1.肯定句Hedidsomethinginterestinglastsummer.Imetsomeonefriendlyinthepark.Somebodyhelpedmewithmybike.2.表示请求、建议，并希望得到对方肯定回答时，可用于疑问句Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?any-

构成的符合不定代词用法1.否定句和疑问句Didyoudoanythingspecial？Isthereanybodyintheroom?Youneedn'ttalktoanyoneifyoudon'twantto.2.用于肯定句，意思为“任何”Anyonecanusetheswimmingpool.Mr.Smithcouldmakeanybodylaugh(大笑).不定代词+adj./elseXiaoMing,hehassomethingimportanttotellyou.不定代词必须放在adj.和else前something,someone等：肯定句anything,anyone等：否定句、疑问句Canyoufindanyoneelse?不定代词做主语，谓语动词用单三形式Everythingispossible!【Tips】①something可用于疑问句中，表示请求、建议或征求意见的疑问句。*Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?你想喝点东西吗?②anything可以用于肯定句,表示“任何事物”。*Justringifyouneedanything.如果需要什么东西,你就按铃。其他用法1.复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数Somethingiswrongwithmybike.Everybodywantstobehappy.Nothinginmylifeismoreimportantthanmyparents.2.形容词修饰不定代词时，形容词要后置Isthereanythingspecialintoday'snews?Wecanlearnsomethingneweveryday.Ireadnothinginteresting.3.adj和动词不定式修饰复合不定代词时，应放在复合不定代词的后面。1:adj修饰复合不定代词：1):昨天你买了某些特别的东西吗？Didyoubuyyesterday?2):我假期里遇见了某些有趣的人。Imetonvacation.anythingspecialsomeoneinteresting4.复合不定代词作主语，视为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。Something（be）wrongwithmywatch.Well,everyone（want）towin.Nobody（know)whatthefuturewillbelike.iswantsknows反身代词用于动词或介词后作宾语，强调“某人自己”◆Ican'tmovetheboxbymyself.第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself,herself,itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves

somebody/someone/something

anybody/anyone/anythingeverybody/everyone/everythingnobody/noone/nothingConclusion:CompoundIndefinitePronounsandSentencePatterns2'一般用于肯定句，以及希望得到肯定回答的一般疑问句。一般用于否定句、一般疑问句或强调任何之意的肯定句。一般用于肯定句、否定句以及疑问句。一般用于肯定句中表示否定意义。3aFillintheblankswiththewordsintheboxandpracticetheconversation.anyone,something,anything,everything,nothingLinda:Didyoudo_________funonyourvacation,Alice?Alice:Yes,Idid.IwenttoSanya.Linda:Howdidyoulikeit?

Alice:Well,itwasmyfirsttimethere,so__________wasreallyinteresting.Linda:Didyougowith________?Alice:Yes,Idid.Iwentwithmysister.Linda:Didyougoshopping?anythingeverythinganyoneAlice:Ofcourse!Ibought_________formyparents,but______for

myself.Linda:Whydidn’tyoubuy________for

yourself?Alice:Ididn’treallysee_______Ilike.somethingnothinganythinganything不定代词：不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫作不定代词。常见不定代词如下所示：some一些somebody某人someone某人something某事;某物nothing无物all全体；全部both两个(都)none没人或物（指两个以上）other(s)另一（些）another另外一个；又一个much很多many很多IndefinitePronounsanybody任何人anyone任何人anything任何事物no无nobody无人noone无人neither没人或物（指两个当中）either任何一个（指两个当中）each每个every每个everybody每人；大家；人人everyone每人everything每一件事物；一切few很少afew一些；几个little很少alittle一些one一个(人或物)

注意：1.some和any既可修饰可数名词复数，也可修饰不可数名词。some多用于肯定句，any则多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句。例如：2.

由some,any,no,every

构成的复合不定代词作主语时，都作单数看待，其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。例如：

Somethingiswrongwithmywatch.Well,everyonewantstowin.Nobodyknowswhatthefuturewillbelike.ThereissomethingforeveryoneatGreenwoodPark.3.

除noone

以外，其他复合不定代词都写成一个词。4.

不定代词若有定语修饰，该定语要置于其后。例如：

Didanyoneseesomethinggoodatthecinema?Forlunch,wehadsomethingveryspecial--Malaysianyellownoodles.Doyouhaveanythingtosay?Practiceanything,everything,nothing,everyone,nooneFillintheblanksintheemailmessagewiththewordsinthebox.3bFillintheblanksintheemailmessagewiththewordsinthebox.3bDearBill,Howwasyourvacation?Didyoudo_______interesting?Did________inyourfamilygowithyou?Iwenttoafriend’sfarminthecountrysidewithmyfamily._________wasgreat.Wefed

somehensandsawsomebabypigs.Theyweresocute!Theonlyproblemwasthattherewas_______muchtodointheeveningbutread.Still_________seemedtobebored.Byefornow.anythingEverythinganyonenothingnoone3cDidyou…EveryoneSomeone(name)NooneEatanythingatarestaurant?Readanythinginteresting?Visitanyoneinyourfamily?Buyanything?Keepadiary?Askyourgroupquestionsabouttheirlastvacation.Thentelltheclassyourresults.我都学会了!本课句型Summary2．Targetlanguage：①A：Wheredidyougoonvacatio