2017-2018学年高中英语人教版必修三教学案Unit4Section3版含答案

SectionIII(Grammar—主语从句语法突毗［语法初识］原句感知自主探究①Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.（1）以上各句皆为主从复合句， 句中黑体部分为名词性从句作主②Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclear whether语，称之为主语从句。theshapewouldlastornot.③Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooled（2）what引导主语从句，what在down,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.从句中作表语（句①），主语（句④Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobe③），及宾语（句⑤）。fundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.（3）whether引导主语从句，意为：⑤Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinued是否（句②⑥）。preseneeofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgases⑷可用it作形式主语，真正的主andacidsintotheoceansandseas.语为名词性从句（句④由that引⑥Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsof导主语从口J）。yearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.［语法剖析］语法点一定义在主从复合句中充当主语的从句即为主语从句。Whatmadeherhappywasthatshewonthegameinsuchanimportantmatch.令她高兴的是在这么重要的比赛中她获胜了。ItisdecidedthatthemeetinghasbeenputofftillnextMonday.已经定下来将会议推迟到下周一了。语法点二主语从句的连接词及其句法功能1•连接词that和whether/ifthat在从句中不充当任何句子成分，本身无任何意义，只起连接作用，但不可省略。Thatweareinvitedtotheconcertthiseveningisgoodnewstous.我们被邀请去参加今晚的音乐会，这对我们来说是个好消息。whether/if在从句中不充当任何句子成分，起连接作用，意为"是否”，不可省略。Whethertheplanwillbecarriedoutisstillunknown.=Itisstillunknownif/whethertheplanwillbecarriedout.这个计划是否会实施还不知道。［点津］whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句尾，但 if引导的主语从句只能放在句尾，前面需用it作形式主语。即时演练1完成句子That_she_could_come_to_help_usmadeusveryhappy.她能来帮助我们使我们很高兴。Whether_he_can_finish_his_task_on_timeisofgreatimportanee.他能否按时完成任务非常重要。连接代词(who,whose,whom,what,which,whichever,whoever,whomever,whatever等)。连接代词引导主语从句，在从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语。Whowillgototheconcertisunknown.不知道谁会去听音乐会。Whoeverdidthisjobmustberewarded.无论谁做了这项工作一定要得到酬谢。Whatthelecturersaidisofgreatvalue.演讲者所讲的非常有价值。［点津］who引导的主语从句表示一件"事情"，而whoever引导的主语从句指 "人”。连接副词(when,where,how,why等)。连接副词引导主语从句并在从句中作状语。Whenwewillhaveameetingisanimportantquestion.我们何时举行会议是个重要的问题。Howtheywillsolvetheseriousproblemhasn'tbeendecided.他们将怎样解决这个严重的问题还没有决定。［点津］名词性从句引导词的确定步骤：分析句式结构，明确名词性从句在句中的功能；明确名词性从句所表达的意义；明确名词性从句中所需要的成分及意义；确定从句的引导词。即时演练2用连接代词或连接副词填空并写出它们在从句中所作的语法成分WhyJohnwaslatefortheclasshasbeenunexplained.状语Whichpartofthecountryhewilltraveltoneedsdiscussing.定语Wherecarswillbeparkedinthefutureisaquestion.状语Whatweshoulddonextremainsunknown.宾语Whoeverisinterestedintheactivitycansignyournames.主语语法点三主语从句中用it作形式主语的结构1.It+be+形容词(obvious,true,natural,strange,etc.)+主语从句Itisdoubtfulwhethershewillbeabletocometotheparty.她是否能来参加聚会还很难说。Itisnecessarythatacollegestudent(should)masteroneortwoforeignIanguages.大学生掌握一两门外语是必要的。［点津］在“It+be+形容词+主语从句”结构中，若形容词为 important/necessary/strange等时，主语从句中的谓语用 (should)do”。It+be+名词词组(nowonder,anhonour,apity,a/nosurprise,etc.)+主语从句It'sapitythatyoumissedthefilm.你没有看那部电影真是太遗憾了。It+be+过去分词(said,reported,thought,expected,proved,etc.)+主语从句Itisreportedthatnopassengerswereinjuredintheaccident.据报道在这起事故中没有乘客受伤。［点津］在“It+be+过去分词+主语从句 ”结构中，过去分词若为suggested/ordered/required/advised等时，主语从句中的谓语用 (should)do”。It+不及物动词(happen,seem,appear,etc.片主语从句IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.碰巧那天我不在。It+及物动词+宾语+主语从句Itsurprisedhimwhytheycametovisithimsuddenly.让他吃惊的是他们为什么突然都来看他。即时演练3句型转换Thathesuddenlyfellilllastmonthsurprisedus.tItsurprisedusthathesuddenlyfellilllastmonth.Whethershewillcomeornotdoesn'tmatter.tItdoesn'tmatterwhethershewillcomeornot.Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntousall.titisknowntousallthatlighttravelsinstraightlines.语法点四主语从句中应注意的问题从句要用陈述语序Howhesucceededisstillapuzzle.他是如何成功的仍然是个谜。主谓一致从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式。Wherehewillgetajobaftergraduationhaspuzzledhimmuch.毕业后到哪儿找份工作使他很困惑。［点津］what引导主语从句时，有时主句谓语动词应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。Whattheschoolneedsmostarebooks.这所学校最需要的是书。如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。Whentheywillstartandwheretheywillgohavenotbeendecidedyet.他们将在什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没定下来。Whenandwheretheywillholdthemeetingisnotclear.他们何时何地召开会议还不清楚。即时演练4单句改错Whenwillwesetoffisstillunderdiscussion.will_wetwe_willWhatheneedsmostaremoney.are^isWhenandwherethemeetingwillbeheldhavenotbeendecided.havethasThatthecoalworkersarestillaliveareawonder.第二个areTis

语法做真题锁定考查方向语法做真题锁定考查方向做典題提升诵法爪平［链接高考］单句语法填空（2016•江苏高考）ltisoftenthecasethatanythingispossibleforthosewhohangontohope.（2016•北京高考）Yoursupportisimportanttoourwork.Whateveryoucandohelps.（2015•江苏高考）WhereLiBai,agreatChinesepoet,wasbornisknowntothepublic,butsomewon'tacceptit.（2015•北京高考）Howweunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.（2014•大纲版全国卷）ExactlywhenthepotatowasintroducedintoEuropeisuncertain,butitwasprobablyaround1565.（2014•陕西高考）Whenthedelayedflightwilltakeoffdependsmuchontheweather.（2014•天津高考）lthinkwhatimpressesmeabouthispaintingisthecoloursheuses.（2014•北京高考）Somepeoplebelievewhathashappenedbeforeorishappeningnowwillrepeatitselfinthefuture.（2013•北京高考）Whatmakesthebooksoextraordinaryisthecreativeimaginationofthewriter.（2013•四川高考）Whatyousaidatthemeetingdescribesabrightfutureforthecompany.［针对演练］I.句型转换Hecouldn'tunderstandthat,asateacherofChinese,hehadbeenaskedtoteachhistory.tWhathecouldn'tunderstandwasthat,asateacherofChinese,hehadbeenaskedtoteachhistory.Whenandwheretogoonabusinesstriphasn'tbeendecided.tithasn'tbeendecidedwhenandwheretogoonabusinesstrip.Wedon'tknowwhowilltaketheplaceofMrSmith.tWhowilltaketheplaceofMrSmithisn'tknowntous.MyunclehappenedtobeoutwhenivisitedhimonSunday.t亘happenedthatmyunclewasoutwhenivisitedhimonSunday.Whethertheoldcouplewilllikethetripabroadornotremainstobeseen.Itmakesnodiffereneehowyougetthere.tHowyougettheremakesnodifferenee.Literarybooks,especiallythosebyfamouswriter,interestsmemost.tWhatinterestsmemostisliterarybooks,especiallythosebyfamouswriters.Ourdesireisthatyoushouldprovidesomemoneytofundourprogram,aswellasofferussomepracticalsuggestions.tIt'sourdesirethatyoushouldprovidesomemoneytofundourprogram,aswellasofferussomepracticalsuggestions.Everyonepresentwasinterestedinhowhemanagedtosurviveintheforest.tHowhemanagedtosurviveintheforestinterestedeveryonepresent.Toourexcitement,hewillattendthemeeting.tThathewillattendthemeetinghasexcitedallofus.n.完成句子That_drought_affected_the_area_so_deeplyhasmadepeopleworried.干旱严重影响了这个地区，这让人担忧。Itisstillunknownif/whetherthefilmwillbereleased.这个电影是否会上映还不知道。Itisorderedthattheconstructionofthesportsgroundshould_be_completed_next_week.命令操场建设下周完成。Whatrolehewillplayinthisactivityhasn'tbeendecided.他在这次活动中将起什么作用还未定下来。What_she_is_buying_nowaresomemagazines.现在她正在买的东西是一些杂志。Itisclearthat_somebody_came_to_visit_him_just_now.很明显刚刚有人来拜访过他。When_the_dispute_in_this_area_will_stoppuzzlesmanypeople.这个地区的争执(dispute)何时结束让很多人困惑。Itisapitythat_the_young_boy_has_to_drop_out_of_school」o_help_his_fathertoraisehisfamily.遗憾的是小男孩为了帮父亲养家只好辍学。Why_she_didn't_attend_the_wedding_partyisthatshehadaheadache.她没有出席婚礼宴会的原因是她头痛。10.Itisnotimportantwho_should_attend_the_meetingi10.谁将代替他出席会议并不重要。川•短文改错Afunnythinghappened