江西省南昌市2022-2023学年高一下学期6月期末英语试题

2022级高一期末调研检测试卷英语第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwasthemandoinginthephoto?A.Traveling. B.Studying. C.Working.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Heydad,whoisthepersonwithyouinthisoldphoto?M:Oh,heismyoldcollegefriend,honey.WewereonaroadtripacrosstheUSA.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Parkthecaratthestation.B.Putsomepetrolinthecar.C.Turnaroundatthenextbend.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Honey,thatlightison!Ourpetroltankisempty!M:Don’tworry!There’sagasstationroundthenextbend.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheman?A.Acleaner. B.Apainter. C.Adentist.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Sally,areyoureadyforyourcleaningtoday?W:Year,butmytoothissore.Ithurtssomuch.M:Okay,letmelookalook.It’sfine,butyouneedtostartbrushingthreetimesaday.Youcanebackforanothercheckupinsixmonths.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whichteawillthemanhave?A.Blacktea. B.Greentea. C.Jasminetea.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Wouldyoulikesometea?M:Letmesee.Blackteaisabitstrong.Iwantsomegreentea.W:Oh,weonlyhavegreenteabags.Youdon’tliketeabags.Whataboutjasminetea?M:TeabagsareOK.Idon’tlikethesmellofjasmine.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whywillthemanputonaraincoat?A.Hisumbrellaisbroken. B.It’sconvenienttowalk. C.Hedoesn’twanttogetwet.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Wow,it’spouringoutside!W:Yeah!Toobadyouhavetogotowork.Doyouhaveyourumbrella?M:Yes.I’mgoingtoputonmyraincoat,too.Idon’twanttogetwet.第二节(共15小题;每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.WhatarethetwospeakerstalkingaboutBill?A.Physicalexercise. B.Exampressure. C.Academicperformance.7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary. B.Parentandteacher. C.Employerandemployee.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】【原文】W:Mr.Smith,mayIaskafewquestionsaboutBilly?M:Ofcourse.averysmartboy.Mathishisbestsubject.W:Butheneverhasanymathhomework!M:Right.Atourschool,thechildrenfinishtheirassignmentsinclass.W:DoyouthinkIshouldgivehimsomeextraexercises?M:Wereallydon’twanttogivethestudentstoomuchpressure,Mrs.Li.W:ButIdon’twanthimtofail.M:Don’tworry.Hehasaverybrightfutureahead!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Onthephone. B.Inthehospital. C.Inthepostoffice.9.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Tochangehisflight. B.Tosendanemail. C.Tohavehiseyeschecked.10.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.$25. B.$75. C.$125.【答案】8.A9.A10.C【解析】【原文】M:Hithere,IneedtochangetheelateofmyflighttoNewYork.MyreferencenumberisXYZ123.W:Ofcourse,sir.Whenwouldyoulikelochangeitto?M:Arethereanyavailableflightsonthe15th?W:Let’ssee.Lookslikeeverythingthatdayissoldout,exceptfortheredeye.M:Okay,IguessIdon’thaveachoicethen.Willtherebeanyextracharges?W:Yes,sir.Itwillbe$50tochangethedateand$75moreforthenewflight.M:Alright.Let’sdothatthen.Pleasegoaheadandmakethechanges.W:Great,I’vechangedyourbookingandsentanemailtoconfirm.Doyouneedanymorehelp?M:No,that’sit.Thanksforyourhelp!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatistheman’sproblem?A.Heforgotthedeadline.B.Hegotthedeadlinewrong.C.Hefailedtomakethedeadline.12.Howlongdoesthemanintendtospendfinishingtheproject?A.2days. B.3days. C.4days.13.Whatisthewoman’sadvice?A.Tofocusononeproject.B.Tostarttheprojectinadvance.C.Toaskthebosstoputoffthedeadline.【答案】11.B12.A13.B【解析】【原文】W:HeyBen,how’syourprojectgoing?Don’tforgetthefinaldeadlineforthereportisthisFriday.M:Wait.Really?IthoughtitwasduenextFriday.DidIgetitwrong?W:Oh,eon!It’sthisFriday.Canyoufinishitbeforethedeadline?M:Ithinkso.Sorry,it’sbeenalittlehardtokeeptrackofallthesedifferentprojects.W:Iunderstand.Sometimesitwillmakeyouconfused.However,itsreallyimportanttostayontopofallthesetasks.M:Absolutely!Myapologies.I’llstartitonThursday.W:Itmaytakeawhile,soI’dremendthatyoudon’tleaveittothelastminuteandstartitinadvance.M:Iunderstand.I’llgetitonrightaway.W:Thanks,Ben!Pleaseletmeknowifyouhaveanyfurtherquestionsaboutthedeadlineorthetask.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatisthemandoing?A.Surfingtheinternet. B.Helpinghisfriend. C.Preparingforatrip.15.Whatdoesthemanworryabout?A.Hisprivacy. B.Felix’smood. C.Hotelsurroundings.16.WhydoesthewomanremendPawwsome?AForgoodreviews. B.Forreasonableprices. C.Forconvenienttransportation.17.WhatcanFelixenjoyinthehotel?A.Aspa. B.ATV. C.Acheckup.【答案】14.C15.B16.A17.A【解析】【原文】W:Twoweeksuntilyourtrip!Doyouhaveeverythingallplanned?M:Mostly,yes.TheonlythingleftistofindFelixacathotel.Ididn’tseeanysuitable.W:Oh,youdon’twanttojustasksomeonetohelpyoutakecareofhim?M:Icould,butIdon’twanttotroubleanyone.Besides,youknow,mylittlefurbabygetslonelyreallyeasily.W:That’strue.HaveyoulookedintothePawwsomeCatHotel?Ithasprettygoodreviews.Youcansearchtheinternettogetsomeinformation.M:Really?Howmuchisitanight?W:About$55foraprivatesuite.Theyalsohavekittyloungesforplaytimeandevenakittyspa.M:Soundsfancy!But,Iworrythathewon’tgetalongwiththeothercats.Heisofteninbadmood.W:Yeah,alwaysaproblem.Butatleasttheroomshavelotsoftoys,treats,andcamerassoyoucancheckonhim.M:That’strue...Allright,I’lllookintoit.Thanks!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Howcanwedealwithboredominlife?A.Livingadifferentlife. B.Changingourattitude. C.Turningtootherpeople.19.Whatisthepurposeofexperimentingwiththehair?A.Tohaveanewlook. B.Tokeepupwiththetrend. C.Toimproveyourhairquality.20.WhatdoesthemanremendforpracticingEnglish?A.Flashcards. B.Grammargames. C.Crosswordpuzzles.【答案】18.B19.A20.C【解析】【原文】M:Lifeissometimesboring.Wecan’tchangethat.Butwhatwecandoischangeourattitude.Inotherwords,eveniflifeisboring,wedon’thavetobebored.Sotoday,I’dliketosharewithyouseveralthingsyoucandoifyoustarttofeelbored.First,youcanchoosesomethingeasytoorganizelikeyoursockdrawerorabookshelf.Youcangetridofthingsyoudon’tneed.Second,youcandositups,practiceyoga,orgoforawalk.Exerciseisoneofthebestthingsthatwecandoforourbodiesandourminds.Third,youcandoexperimentwithyourhair.Styleyourhairinadifferentway,andanewlookmaymakeyoufeelhappy.Fourth,dosomewashingcanhelpyouchangeyourmood.Thewashingmachineevencanbeyourfriend!Finally,youmaytrysomethingtostrengthenyourbrain.Playacoupleofbraingamesorpuzzlesthatwillmakeyourbrainstronger.IfyouwanttopracticeEnglish,thenwhynottryanEnglishcrosswordpuzzle?第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ADetailsaboutvolunteerstocleanupParramattaRiverAboutThisOpportunityWorkingalongtheParramattaRiver,wewillspendthedayremovinglitterandimprovingtheenvironmentfortheriver’sinhabitants(栖息动物).Afterthecleanup,wewillspendsometimecollectingdataaboutthelittercollected.Wewilldothissothatwecanlearnmoreaboutthetypesoflitterfoundinourriver.Soealongandhelpustoremoveoceanlitterfromthesea,allthewaybacktothesource!AFewThingstoRemember◆Registrationisnecessary.Wewillsendmoreinformationonhowtoregisteronceyousubmit(递交)aSEEKvolunteerapplication.◆Youarerequiredtomakeyourownwaytoandfromtheworksite.◆Nopreviousexperienceisrequired.Wewillprovideyouwithalltheknowhowonsite.◆Wecanprovideyouwiththisacertificate(证书)ofappreciationforingalongandhelpingout;thislooksgreatonaresume(简历).NOTEThereisastrictlimitof15volunteersforthisproject.Allvolunteerswillberequiredtoanswerasurveybeforeparticipating.(ThisprojectreceivedfundsfromtheAustraliangovernment.)TimeRequiredWewillberunningcleanupsalongtheriveronamonthlybasis,witheacheventrunningforabout4hours.Onlinevolunteeringopportunitiesarealsoavailable.Contactlhodgetts@.auformoreinformation.21.Whatwillthevolunteersdoaftereachcleanup?A.Takeawalkalongtheliver. B.Feedtheriversinhabitants.C.Pickreusableitemsfromthelitter. D.Gatherdataaboutthecollectedlitter.22.Whatisrequiredofthevolunteers?A.Participatinginonlinetraining. B.Havingpreviousworkexperience.C.Workingforfourhourseveryweek. D.Travelingtotheworksitebythemselves.23.Whatwillthevolunteersgetfromthevolunteering?A.Anexcellentresume. B.Adetailedsurvey.C.Acertificateofappreciation. D.Afundfromthegovernment.【答案】21.D22.D23.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了志愿者清理帕拉马塔河的详细信息，包括工作内容、需要记住的几件事和所需时间等。【21题详解】细节理解题。由AboutThisOpportunity中的“Afterthecleanup,wewillspendsometimecollectingdataaboutthelittercollected.(清理结束后，我们将花一些时间收集有关被收集到的垃圾数据)”可知，每次清理后，志愿者要收集有关被收集垃圾的数据。故选D项。【22题详解】细节理解题。由AFewThingstoRemember中的“◆Youarerequiredtomakeyourownwaytoandfromtheworksite.(你必须自己往返工作地点)”可知，要求志愿者自行前往工作地点。故选D项。【23题详解】细节理解题。由AFewThingstoRemember中的“Wecanprovideyouwiththisacertificate(证书)ofappreciationforingalongandhelpingout(我们可以向您提供一份感谢证书，感谢您的光临和帮助)”可知，志愿者从志愿服务中得到感谢证书。故选C项。BI’veneverbeensomeonewhogetshomesick,buttheprospect(展望)ofgoinghomeinafewclaysisoneofthefewthingskeepingmegoing.Ithasbeenastressfulterm.I’mlookingforwardtoseeingmyfamilyandfriends.Butdespitemyexcitement,I’vebeenhavingsomeThanksgivingbreakcausedanxiety.IfeellikeI’munderatimecrunch(困境)tryingtofitsomanythingsintojustafewclays.WillIhavetimetoseeallmyfriends,spendtimewithfamily,andgetmyworkalone?I’mdefinitelystillgratefulthatIamabletogohome,butit’sstrangebecauseI’veneverconnectedThanksgivingwithbeinganxiousbefore.MaybeIfeelthiswaybecauseit’smyfirstyear.Breaksincollegearedifferentfromhighschool.Teachersusuallydidn’tgiveworkoverbreakandIcouldrelaxtheentiretimeinhighschool,butitdoesn’texactlyworkthatwayhere.Everyonehasbeensobusythisterm,andit’sdifficulttorelax,knowingthatwehaveassignmentsdueassoonasclassrestarts.Thefactthatreadingperiodstartsonly10daysafterbreakdoesn’thelpeither.Idon’tknowifI’llevergetusedtohowfastcollegemoves.Finalweeksandwinterbreakaregoingtobeherebeforeweknowit,andthatisslightlyterrifying.EventhoughIfeelthismixtureofexcitementandanxiety,thebreakhashelpedmegainabetterunderstandingaboutmyfirsttermofcollege.I’vemetsomanynewpeopleandbeepartofclubsthatI’mpassionateabout.Thetodolistwillstillbethereoverbreak,butit’snicetolookbackandseethatImanagedtogetthroughmostofthetermprettysuccessfully.I’mstillthankfulformyfamilyandfriendsasusual,butthisyearI’mespeciallythankfulformyself.24.HowdoestheauthorfeelabouttheingThanksgivingbreak?A.Eagerbutanxious. B.Relaxedbutdoubtful.C.Excitedbutfrightened. D.Curiousbutstressed.25.Whatcanweinferaboutbreaksincollege?A.Theyarefreeofhomework. B.Theyaretaskedwithmuchwork.C.Theyarefullofrelaxation. D.Theyareimportantforprogress.26.Whatmakestheauthoralittleterrified?A.Thereadingperiod. B.Theingexams.C.Thefastpaceofcollegelife. D.Theshortperiodofwinterbreak.27.Whatdoestheauthorrealizewhenreflectingonthefirstterm?A.Thetodolistpusheshimtolearn.B.Hehasgainedalotfromcollegelife.C.Adaptingtothenewliferequiresfamilysupport.D.Selfindependenceismoreimportantthanothers,support.【答案】24.A25.B26.C27.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，因感恩节假期即将回家的作者回顾了大学第一学期的紧张生活，认为休息会帮助自己更好地适应大学生活。【24题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“I’mlookingforwardtoseeingmyfamilyandfriends.Butdespitemyexcitement,I’vebeenhavingsomeThanksgivingbreakcausedanxiety.(我很期待见到我的家人和朋友。但是，尽管我很兴奋，但我还是有一些感恩节假期引起了焦虑)”可知，作者对即将到来的感恩节假期渴望但焦虑。故选A项。【25题详解】推理判断题。由第二段中的“Breaksincollegearedifferentfromhighschool.Teachersusuallydidn’tgiveworkoverbreakandIcouldrelaxtheentiretimeinhighschool,butitdoesn’texactlyworkthatwayhere.(大学的休假与高中不同。老师们通常不会在休假时间加班，我在高中的整个时间都可以放松，但在这里却不是这样)”和第三段中的“Thefactthatreadingperiodstartsonly10daysafterbreakdoesn’thelpeither.(事实上，阅读期只在休假后10天开始，这也于事无补)”可知，大学老师可能会在休假时间加班，阅读期只在休假后10天开始，可得出大学的休假期间任务很繁重。故选B项。【26题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中的“Idon’tknowifI’llevergetusedtohowfastcollegemoves.Finalweeksandwinterbreakaregoingtobeherebeforeweknowit,andthatisslightlyterrifying.(我不知道我是否会习惯大学的快速发展。在我们意识到这一点之前，最后几周和寒假就要到来了，这有点可怕)”可知，大学生活节奏快让作者有点害怕。故选C项。【27题详解】细节理解题。由最后一段中的“I’vemetsomanynewpeopleandbeepartofclubsthatI’mpassionateabout.(我认识了很多新人，加入了我热爱的俱乐部)”可知，在反思第一个学期时，作者意识到了自己从大学生活中获得了很多。故选B项。CInHongKong,signswrittenintraditionalChinesecharacterscanbefoundaroundeverycorner.ForAdonianChan,a33yearolddesigner,onecalligraphystylehasetorepresentHongKong:BeiweiKaishu,awayofwritingthathasitsoriginsin4thcenturyChina.ButBeiweiKaishuisendangered,Chansays.That’swhyhe’sdigitizing(数字化)itintoatypeface(字体)tosaveit.AfterWorldWarII,BeiweiKaishuwaswidelyusedinHongKong,partlybecauseitisquiteoutstanding,evenfromfardistances.Itseemstobeapracticalchoiceforlocalbusinessmen.WhatsetsBeiweiKaishuapartfromotherChinesewritingstylesisitsunequalconstruction,clearlinesandunexpectedangles—somethingthatmakesitenergetic.ButwiththeingofputertypefacesandLEDsigns,signswritteninthestyleweredisappearingfromHongKong.“It’salmostextinet,”saysChan,“HongKong’surbanlandscapehasalsochanged.Peoplepullclownoldbuildingsand,ofcourse,theshops,aswell.”Asaconsequence,fewdesignersworkingtodayareawareoftheBeiweiKaishustyle.In2016,ChanaskedWongGokLoeng,amasterofcalligraphyinHongKong,toteachhimtowriteintheBeiweiKaishustyle.Chanthenstartedtheprocessofdigitizingthecharacters.Hefirstwrotethecharactersonpaperwithabrushandink,whichgavehimasenseofproportion.Next,hemadehisfirstdrawinginpencil.Finally,herecreatedthecharactersdigitally,usingaputerprogramcalledGlyphs.Hecanpletetwocharactersaclay,andisaimingtodigitize6,000characters.Chansayshisprojectisdoingmorethanpreservingacenturiesoldwritingstyleandthatheseeshimselfasbuildingontheworkofpreviousgenerations.HehasnamedhistypefaceBeiweiZansyuandhopesitwilleventuallybeusedonphonesandputers.28.WhatmakesBeiweiKaishuuniquefromotherChinesewritingstyles?A.Itspopularity. B.Itsenergeticstyle.C.Itseasydigitization. D.ItswidespreaduseinLEDsigns.29.WhyisBeiweiKaishuendangered?A.Shopsandbuildingsarepulledclown. B.Localsceneryischangingrapidly.C.Newtechnologyhasbeenusedinsigns. D.Afewpeopletakenoticeofit.30.HowdidCharidigitizeBeiweiKaishu?A.Byusinga3Dscanner. B.Byadoptingaputerprogram.C.Byphotographingthecharacters. D.Bydrawingdirectlyonaputer.31.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.ThedesignofAdonianChan. B.ThehistoryofBeiweiKaishu.C.ThewonderofChinesecalligraphy. D.ThedigitizationofBeiweiKaishu.【答案】28.B29.C30.B31.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是33岁的设计师阿多尼·陈为保护和复兴濒危的中国传统书法北魏楷书所做的努力，他通过将北魏楷书数字化的方式来保护该字体。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“WhatsetsBeiweiKaishuapartfromotherChinesewritingstylesisitsunequalconstruction,clearlinesandunexpectedangles—somethingthatmakesitenergetic.(北魏楷书与其他中国文字风格的不同之处在于其不均匀的结构、清晰的线条和意想不到的角度——这使它充满活力。)”可知，北魏楷书与其他中国文字风格的不同之处在于它充满活力。故选B。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“ButwiththeingofputertypefacesandLEDsigns,signswritteninthestyleweredisappearingfromHongKong.

(但随着电脑字体和LED标识的出现，以这种风格书写的标识正在从香港消失。)”可知，随着电脑科技和LED的出现即新科技的使用，这种书写标识逐渐从香港消失。故选C。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Finally,herecreatedthecharactersdigitally,usingaputerprogramcalledGlyphs.Hecanpletetwocharactersaclay,andisaimingtodigitize6,000characters.(最后，他使用一种名为Glyphs的计算机程序，以数字方式重现了这些字符。他可以一次完成两个汉字，并打算数字化6000个汉字。)”可知，Glyphs使用计算机程序来数字化北魏楷书。故选B。【31题详解】主旨大意题。本文是一篇说明文。根据第一段中“ButBeiweiKaishuisendangered,Chansays.That’swhyhe’sdigitizing(数字化)itintoatypeface(字体)tosaveit.(但陈说，北魏楷书濒临灭绝。这就是为什么他要把它数字化成一种字体来保存它。)”以及通读全文可知，文章介绍的是33岁的设计师阿多尼·陈为保护和复兴濒危的中国传统书法北魏楷书所做的努力。D选项“ThedigitizationofBeiweiKaishu.(北魏楷书的数字化)”概括文章标题。故选D。DAstronomershavediscoveredanEarthsizeexoplanet(外星行星),orworldbeyondoursolarsystem,thatmaybefilledwithvolcanoes.CalledLP79118d,theplanetcouldexperiencevolcanicexplosionasoftenasJupiter’smoonIo,themostvolcanicallyactivebodyinoursolarsystem.LP79118distidallylocked,whichmeansthesamesideconstantlyfacesitsstar.Theclaysidewouldprobablybetoohotforliquidwatertoexistonthesurface.Buttheamountofvolcanicactivityallovertheplanetcouldsustainanatmosphere,whichmayenabletheexistenceofliquidwateronthenightside.LP79118dorbitsasmallredstarabout90lightyearsaway,whichisestimatedtobeonlyslightlylargerandmoreheavierthanEarth.Astronomersalreadyknewabouttwootherworldsinthesystembeforethisdiscovery,calledLP79118bandc,bothlargerandheavierthanEarth.Duringtheirorbits,planetsdandccloselyapproacheachother.Eachclosepassbytheheavierplanetcproducesagravitypullonplanetd,whichcreatesenoughenergytoheattheplanetandproducevolcanicactivityatitssurface.Planetdsitsinthetraditionalrangeofdistancesfromastarwherescientistsassumeliquidwatercouldexistonaplanet’ssurface.Iftheplanetisasgeologicallyactiveastheresearchteamimagine,itcouldmaintainanatmosphere.Temperaturescoulddropenoughontheplanet’snightsideforwatertoexistonthesurface.AstrobiologistJessieChristiansensays,“Abigquestioninastrobiologyisifvolcanicactivityisnecessaryforlife.Inadditiontopotentially(潜在的)providinganatmosphere,theseprocessescouldmixupmaterialsthatwouldotherwisesinkdownandgettrappedinthecrust(地壳),includingthosewethinkareimportantforlife,likecarbon.”32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sustain”inparagraph2mean?A.Heat. B.Maintain. C.Dry. D.Protect.33.Whatfuelsplanetd’svolcanicactivity?A.Theweightofplanetc. B.Thesizeofplanetc.C.Thepullcausedbyplanetc. D.Theheatpoweredbyplanetc.34.WhatcanweinferaboutvolcanicactivityfromChristiansen’sword?A.Itmixesupanatmosphere. B.Itmakesiteasytotrapcarbon.C.Itprocessessunkmaterials. D.Itissignificantforpromotinglife.35.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheMostVolcanicallyActivePlanetB.LifeonOtherVolcanicActiveExoplanetC.PotentialforVolcanicActivityBeyondEarthD.DiscoveryofaVolcanicallyActiveEarthSizeExoplanet【答案】32.B33.C34.D35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家最近发现了一颗地球大小的系外行星——LP79118d。这颗行星上存在大量的火山活动迹象，这对于生命的产生有着重要的意义。【32题详解】词句猜测题。根据换线单词所在句子的后半句“whichmayenabletheexistenceofliquidwateronthenightside(这可能使夜间存在液态水)”可知，整颗星球上火山的数量可以维持大气层，这样就可能使夜间存在液态水。由此可知，划线单词的意思为“保持，维持”。故选B。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话“Eachclosepassbytheheavierplanetcproducesagravitypullonplanetd,whichcreatesenoughenergytoheattheplanetandproducevolcanicactivityatitssurface.(每一次经过较重的行星c都会对行星d产生引力，从而产生足够的能量来加热行星并在其表面产生火山活动)”可知，行星c引起的引力推动了d星球的火山活动。故选C。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段Christiansen所说的话“Abigquestioninastrobiologyisifvolcanicactivityisnecessaryforlife.Inadditiontopotentially(潜在的)providinganatmosphere,theseprocessescouldmixupmaterialsthatwouldotherwisesinkdownandgettrappedinthecrust(地壳),includingthosewethinkareimportantforlife,likecarbon.(天体生物学中的一个大问题是，火山活动是否对生命是必要的。除了可能提供大气层外，这些过程还可能混合原本会下沉并被困在地壳中的物质，包括我们认为对生命重要的物质，如碳)”可推知，火山活动对于促进生命的产生有着重要的意义。故选D。【35题详解】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了科学家最近发现了一颗地球大小的系外行星——LP79118d。这颗行星上存在大量的火山活动迹象，这对于生命的产生有着重要的意义。由此可知，“发现一颗火山活动的地球大小的外行星”适合做本文的标题。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ImagesofAnimalsEverylanguagehaswordsandexpressionswhichdescribethecharacteristicsofsomeanimals.SometimessomeanimalshavethesameimagesinaforeignlanguageastheydoinChinese.Forexample,thereisasimilarsayinginChineseasoneinEnglish:“Thesheepwhotalkspeacewithawolfwillsoonbemutton.”____36____WhenaChineseorEnglishmantalkslikeaparrot,hecanonlyrepeatwhathehears.InbothChineseandEnglish,twokindsofinsectshavetheimageofbeingverybusy:beesandants.Ifsomeoneisverybusyorismovingaroundquicklydoinglotsofthings,wecandescribehimbysaying.“Heisasbusyasabee.”InChinese,itissaidthatcranesandtortoisesaresupposedtobringlonglife.____37____Andtortoisesareconsideredtobeslowbutsure.Inaddition,whilefoxesarethoughtbytheChinesetohavemagicalpowers,forEnglishspeakerstheyarejustdishonest.InEnglish,wemayhearpeoplesay“Stopbeingachickenandjustgoahead.”____38____Ananimalmayhaveanumberofimages.Forexample,inEnglish,aherdofelephantsisoftenconsideredtobeverynoisy,butpeoplealsosay,“Elephantsneverforget.”Englishspeakersimaginethatelephantshavealongmemory.____39____Ifyouownacarthatcan’tbedriven,thecarisawhiteelephant.____40____Herearemore:“Loveme,lovemydog.”“Whenthecatisaway,themicewillplay.”“Youcanmakeahorsetowater,butyoucan’tmakehimdrink.”CanyoulistsomeChineseproverbsthathaveanimalsassubjects?A.ThesubjectsofmanyEnglishproverbs(谚语)areanimals.B.InEnglish,however,craneshavenospecialmeaning.C.ThereisabatterybrandinChinacalledwhiteelephant”.D.Similarly,thepigisasymbolofstupidityinbothcultures.E.Butfoxesmayhavedifferentmeaninginthetwolanguages.F.AchickenhasanimageofbeingfearfulinEnglishbutnotinChinese.G.A“whiteelephant”referstosomethingthatisuselessandawasteofmoney.【答案】36.D37.B38.F39.G40.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了汉语和英语中动物形象的异同。【36题详解】上文“SometimessomeanimalshavethesameimagesinaforeignlanguageastheydoinChinese.(有时，有些动物在外语中的形象和在汉语中的形象是一样的。)”指出在汉语和外国语言中用一些动物的形象一样，设空句上一句“Forexample,thereisasimilarsayinginChineseasoneinEnglish:“Thesheepwhotalkspeacewithawolfwillsoonbemutton.(例如，汉语中有一句类似于英语的谚语：“与狼讲和的羊很快就会变成羊肉。”)”和下一句“WhenaChineseorEnglishmantalkslikeaparrot,hecanonlyrepeatwhathehears.(当一个中国人或英国人像鹦鹉一样说话时，他只能重复他所听到的。)”都是在举例说明两种语言中相似的动物形象，设空句应和上下句是并列关系，也是对上文观点的举例。D项“Similarly,thepigisasymbolofstupidityinbothcultures.(同样，猪在两种文化中都是愚蠢的象征。)”符合语境，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。【37题详解】根据下文“Inaddition,whilefoxesarethoughtbytheChinesetohavemagicalpowers,forEnglishspeakerstheyarejustdishonest.(此外，中国人认为狐狸有神奇的力量，而说英语的人则认为狐狸不诚实。)”中“Inaddition”可知，上文也是讲在汉语和英语中同一动物的不同形象。设空句前“InChinese,itissaidthatcranesandtortoisesaresupposedtobringlonglife.(在中国，据说鹤和乌龟应该带来长寿。)”说在汉语中龟鹤寓意长寿，B项“InEnglish,however,craneshavenospecialmeaning.(然而，在英语中，鹤没有特殊的含义。)”讲鹤在英语中并没有这样的寓意，符合本段主题。故选B项。【38题详解】根据上文可知，本段主要讲汉语和英语中同一动物的不同形象。上文“InEnglish,wemayhearpeoplesay“Stopbeingachickenandjustgoahead.”(在英语中，我们可能会听到人们说“别像鸡一样蛋胆小鬼，勇往直前吧。”)”讲在英语中chicken用来比喻胆小的人，F项“AchickenhasanimageofbeingfearfulinEnglishbutnotinChinese.(鸡在英语中有胆小的形象，但在汉语中却没有。)”承接上文，对比chicken在汉语和英语中不同寓意，符合本段主题。故选F项。【39题详解】下文“Ifyouownacarthatcan’tbedriven,thecarisawhiteelephant.(如果你有一辆不能开的车，那这辆车就是一头“白象”，即一个累赘。)”举例说明awhiteelephant的特殊寓意，是对G项“A“whiteelephant”referstosomethingthatisuselessandawasteofmoney.(“白象”指的是无用和浪费金钱的东西。)”的举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。【40题详解】下文“Herearemore:“Loveme,lovemydog.”“Whenthecatisaway,themicewillplay.”“Youcanmakeahorsetowater,butyoucan’tmakehimdrink.”CanyoulistsomeChineseproverbsthathaveanimalsassubjects?(还有更多：“爱屋及乌。”“猫儿不在，老鼠成精。”“你可以让马喝水，但你不能强迫他喝水。”你能列举一些以动物为主题的中国谚语吗?)”列举了更多与动物相关的英文谚语，照应A项“ThesubjectsofmanyEnglishproverbs(谚语)areanimals.(许多英语谚语的主题都是动物。)”主题，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。KristinmovedtoanewhomeinAustin,Texas.Oneday,KristinneededbackyardfurnitureforapartyandboughtsomedecorationsandapicnictablefromLowe’s.ThedeliverydriversetthetableJoaviiinherfrontyard____41____,whichgaveKristina(n)____42____tomakeuseofit.“Aftertheparty,Ipaintedthetablegreenandputitinthefrontyard,justafewfeetfromthe____43____shesays.Neighborsbegantostopbyto____44____themselvesandsitdownforachat.Kristininvitedpeopletojoinheratthetableforcoffeeoricedtea.“Itwasasimplewaytoslowdownand____45____others,”shesays.Thetablewas____46____andhadamunal(共用的)feel.Constructionworkersonjobsintheneighborhoodtooktheirlunch____47____atthetable.Ababysitterwalkingbywithyoungkidssatdowntorest.Peopleoften____48____toinviteothersintotheirhomes.Theythinktheirhouseistoo____49____,it’snotbigenoughortheydon’thaveenoughtime.“Ourperfectionismcancauseusto_____50_____onthejoyofconnectingwithothers,”Kristinsays.Herpicnictabletakesawaythe_____51_____—andthepressure.“I’velearnedthathospitality(热情)doesn’talwaysmean_____52_____peopletoamealorabigparty.Atthepicnictable,allIhavetodois_____53_____.”Shelikeshowitmakeshertakeasmallsteptowardreducing_____54_____andbuildingrelationshipsinhermunity.“People’sgreatestneedistoknowthattheyarelovedandthatthey_____55_____,”shesays.41.A.onpurpose B.bymistake C.bychance D.ontime42.A.present B.purpose C.inspiration D.opinion43.A.house B.sidewalk C.backyard D.frontyard44.A.introduce B.challenge C.enjoy D.explain45.A.agreewith B.consultwith C.dealwith D.connectwith46.A.unusual B.beautiful C.inviting D.colorful47.A.money B.breaks C.talks D.bags48.A.postpone B.hope C.desire D.hesitate49.A.quiet B.clean C.messy D.expens