2020版高考英语总复习高考提能练二十三含解析外研版必修

教学资料范本2020版高考英语总复习高考提能练二十三含解析外研版必修编辑： 时间：

高考提能练（二十三）Module5 ATripAlongtheThreeGorgesi•阅读理解A[20xx•重庆第三次调研]Afive-year-olddognamedKelseyhasbeenpraised asaheroforhelpingtosavethelifeofherownerwhoslippedinthesnowandbrokehisneck.Theman.Bob,wasalonewhenhelefthisMichiganfarmhouseonNewYear'sEveto collectfirewood.Expectingajourneyofonly severalmeters, Bobwaswearing just longjohns （衬裤）, ashirtandslipperswhen hewent outside,althoughthetemperaturewasaround —4C.Aftertheaccident,hewasunabletomoveinthesnow.Fortunately,Kelseycametohisassistanee.“Iwasshoutingforhelp,butmynearestneighbori sabout400metersaway,anditwas10:30pm,”Bobexplained. “ButmyKelseycame.Bythenextmorning,myvoicewasgoneandIcouldn'tyellforhelp,butKelseydidn'tstopbarking.”Bobspent20hoursinthefreezingcold.Whenhefinallylostconsciousness,hisdogkeptbarking. Finally,himat6hisdogkeptbarking. Finally,himat6:30pmonNewYear'sWhenBobarrivedinhospital,doctorsweresurprisedtofindDayandcalledtheemergencyservicesatonce.hisbodytemperaturewasbelow21C.However,thathedidn'thaveanyfrostbite（冻疮）.TheybelieveditwasbecauseofKelsey's determinationtokeephimwarm.Dr.ChaimColen,thedoctorwhotreatedBob,said, “Animalscanhelpandhisdogreallysavedhim...Hewasveryfortunate.”Bobsaidhewas“enormously”gratefultobothDr.ColenandhisKelsey.“Theysavedmylife.Theyaretrulyheroes !”体裁：记叙文 题材：人与动物 主题：忠犬守护主人【语篇解读】 本文讲述了一只叫 Kelsey的狗狗在主人Bob不慎在雪地中滑倒伤到脖子无法动弹时，用身体为主人取暖，并且还不断吠叫希望能引起别人的注意，最终 Bob获救。【难句分析】 Expectingajourneyofonlyseveralmeters,Bobwaswearingjustlongjohns（ 衬裤）,ashirtandslipperswhenhewentoutside,althoughthetemperaturewasaround —4C.分析：这是一个复合句。 Expectingajourneyofonlyseveralmeters 为现在分词短语作状语；主句中有一个 when引导的时间状语从句及 although引导的让步状语从句。译文：Bob认为只有几米的路程，出去的时候只穿着衬裤、衬衫和拖鞋，尽管 （外面的）温度大概是零下4度。WhathappenedtoBobonNewYear'sEve?Helefthisdogaloneinhisfarmhouse.Hewaspraisedforsavingadogowner.Hebrokehisneckandcouldn'tmove.Heheardhisneighbor'sshoutingforhelp.答案与解析： C考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"whoslippedinthesnowandbrokehisneck”及第三段中的"Aftertheaccident,hewasunabletomoveinthesnow”可知，Bob在雪地中滑倒伤到了脖子，不能动了，故选 C项。WhydidKelseykeepbarking?Tokeepwarm.Tostayalive.

TokeepBobawake.Toseekhelpfromothers.答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"Bythenextmorning,myvoicewasgoneandIcouldn'tyellforhelp,butKelseydidn'tstopbarking ”可推知,Kelsey一直叫的目的是找人来帮助主人，故选 D项。HowdoesDr.ChaimColenfeelaboutKelsey?Helpful.B.Fortunate.C.Grateful.D.Friendly.答案与解析：A考查推理判断。 根据倒数第二段中的“Dr.ChaimColen, thedoctorwhotreatedBob,said,'Animalscanhelpandhisdogreallysavedhim...doctorwhotreatedBob,said,Bob的狗救了However,（冻疮）.TheyHewasveryfortunate Bob的狗救了However,（冻疮）.TheyBob。因此ChaimColen医生认为Kelsey是有帮助的，故选A项。Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?ANeck-breakingAccidentTheMagicNightWarmthonaWinter'sNightDeterminationtoKeepAlive答案与解析： C考查主旨大意。通读全文内容并根据倒数第二段中的“doctorsweresurprisedtofindthathedidn'thaveanyfrostbite”可知，Bob在C”可知，Bob在C项“冬夜里的[20xx•长春监测二]Sleeprepairsthebodyandthemindandhelpspreventdiseasebystrengtheningtheimmunesystem.However,manyadultsdonotgeteighthoursofsleepeachnight.Theaverageadulttodaygetsonly6.4hoursofsleep.Onlyinrecentyearshavehealthprofessionalsbeguntorealizetheseriousnessofsleepdeprivationintheworkingpopulation.Asignificantnumberofpeopleworkatnight, worklonghours,orsufferfromsleeplessnessorjetlag.Studiesshowthatthebrainisnegativelyaffectedbysleep deprivationbecausecertain patterns ofelectricalandchemicalactivitythatoccurduringsleepareinterrupted andthebraincannotfunction normally.Inonestudy,thirteenhealthyadultsubjects（ 实验对象）whousuallyhadnormalsleeppatternswerekeptawakeandcarefully monitored inalabduring aperiodof35hours.Duringtheexperiment,thesubjectswereaskedtoperformseveraltasks,suchasmathematicsandwordproblems,whileresearcherswereundergoingscansoftheirbrainactivity.Theresearchersfoundthatthetemporallobe（ 颞叶）ofthebrain,theregion involved inIanguageprocessing, wasactiveduringspeechtasksinrestedsubjectsbutnotinsubjectswholackedenoughsleep.Afterseveralhourswithoutsleep,therewasnoactivitywithinthisregion.Severalstudiesshowthatgettingfewerthansixhoursofsleepcandamage

short-termmemoryandreactiontime— thuscausingaseriousriskofaccident.Inonestudyofdrivers,researchersreportedthatsleepdeprivation hadthesameeffectsasbeingdrunk.Theyfoundthatpeoplewhodroveafterbeingawakefor17hoursperformed worsethanthose withabloodalcohollevelof0.5percent, thelegallimit fordrunkdriving inmostwesternEuropeancountries.Theresearchersconcludedthatcountrieswithdrunkdrivinglawsshouldconsidersimilarrestrictionsagainstsleep-depriveddriving.体裁：说明文 题材：社会生活 主题：缺乏睡眠的影响【语篇解读】 本文说明了睡眠缺失对人们大脑的影响，以及驾驶员如果缺乏睡眠可能导致的严重后果。【难句分析】Studiesshowthatthebrainisnegativelyaffectedbysleepdeprivation becausecertain patterns ofelectricalandchemicalactivitythatoccurduringsleepareinterruptedandthebraincannotfunctionnormally.分析：本句是一个复合句。第一个that引导宾语从句，在从句中不作句子成分；第二个that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代先行词 certainpatternsofelectricalandchemicalactivity；because弓丨导原因状语从句。译文：研究表明大脑会因为睡眠不足而受到负面的影响，因为在睡眠期间发生的某些电子和化学活动被打断，大脑不能正常地运转。Theunderlinedword “deprivation”inthefirstparagraphisclose stinmeaningto .weaknessB.loss答案与解析：B考查词义猜测。根据第一段第二句"However,manyadultsdonotgeteighthoursofsleepeachnight ”可知，许多成年人睡眠不足，由此可推知，deprivation 是“缺失”的含义，这与本段最后一句" Asignificantnumberofpeopleworkatnight,worklonghours,orsuff erfromsleeplessnessorjetlag ”呼应，故选B。ThepassagementionsallofthefollowingascausesofsleepdeprivationTOC\o"1-5"\h\zEXCEPT .jetlagB .longworkhoursC.boringworkD.workingatnight答案与解析： C考查细节理解。根据第一段最后一句"Asignificantnumberofpeopleworkatnight,worklonghours,orsufferfromsleeplessnessorjetlag ”可知，睡眠缺失的原因很多，但不包括工作枯燥，故选 G7.ThepurposeofthestudydescribedinParagraph2wastodeterminehowmanyhourspeoplecansurvivewithoutsleephowpeoplereactwhentheirsleepisinterruptedthechangesinbrainactivitythatoccursduringsleeptheeffectsofsleepdeprivationonbrainactivity答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根据第二段第一句"Studiesshowthatthebrainisnegativelyaffectedbysleep deprivation because certain patterns ofelectricalandchemicalactivitythatoccurduringsleepareinterruptedandthebraincannotfunctionnormally ”并结合本段的内容可推知，本段主要论述的是睡眠缺失对大脑的影响，故选Do8.WhydoestheauthormentionbloodalcohollevelinParagraph3?Toshowhowsleepdeprivationreducesthebloodalcohollevel.Toshowthatsleepdeprivationhasthesamedangerouseffectsasbeingdrunk.Tosuggestthatsleep-depriveddriversarealsolikelytodrink.Toargueagainstraisingthelegallimitfordrunkdriving.答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据文章第三段第二句"Inonestudyofdrivers,researchersreportedthatsleepdeprivationhadthesameeffectsasbeingdrunk ”可推知，作者提到血液中酒精浓度的例子是为了证明之前的结论，即：睡眠缺失和饮酒在驾驶中的危害同样严重，故选 Bon.七选五1__Getupanhourearly.Peoplewhogetupearlyinthemorninghaveajumponthe day.__2_ Andsomestudiesshowthatthewillpowerandattentionarestrongestinthemorning.Infact,themorningmaybethemostproductivepartofyourday.Drinkaglassofwaterwithlemonjuice.Exercise!__3__Exercisinginthemorningmaynotbeforeveryone.Somepeopleliketoexerciseafterworkoratnight.Physicalfitnessexpertsandtrainersoftensuggestsomeformofexerciseinthemorningbecausethemiddleofthedayisabusytimeformostpeople.Bytheday'send,youmaynothavethetimeorenergytoexercise.__4__Taketimeattheendofthedaytothinkbackonallthethingsthathavehappened. __5__Andspendalittletimethinkingabouttomorrow.Itmayhelpyoutoprepareifyoutakeafewminutestothinkaboutwhatyouneedtodothenextday.Makeaplanfortomorrow.Forstarters,theyareawake!Thinkaboutyourdayatnight.Somepeoplemaydisagreewiththisone.Sousingyourdayeffectivelyisimportant.Givethankstowonderfulthings,ifyouwant.Well,don't,asitisagreatwaytoforgetaboutthedayahead.体裁：说明文 题材：日常生活 主题：有效利用每一天【解题导语】 文章向读者介绍了有效利用每一天的四个习惯。答案与解析：E从空前一句和下文中的四个建议可知，本空承上启下， E项符合语境，E项中的"usingyourdayeffectively”是关键信息。答案与解析：B根据空处所在段的小标题"Getupanhourearly ”并结合选项可知，B项符合语境。答案与解析：D根据该段小标题和空处后两句内容可知，有些人可能是不同意早上锻炼的，故选D项。答案与解析：C由本段内容特别是第一句可知，本段主要讲的是一天结束时要进行思考，故选C项。答案与解析：F本空前一句内容是回顾一天发生的事情，故可推知空处应指回顾过后可对美好的事情表达一下感谢，故选 F项。【易错分析】 本题的干扰项是G项，G项意思是“噢，不要这样做，因为这是一个提前忘记这一天的很好的方法"，但它与空后的" Andspendalittletimethinkingabouttomorrow”连贯不起来，逻辑不通，故排除。川.短文改错[20xx•xx市段考]Theotherday,someofmyclassmatesandItookabicycletripalongthe “RenminRoad',wherewasspeciallybuiltforpeopletorelaxourselves. The scenery along theroadwasfascinating, withtrees,flowers,hillsandlakesonbothside.Westoppedbyalakeforarest,whereagoodmanyofpeople were playing happily.Butsomethingunpleasant catchourattention,therewasrubbishhereorthere,andthereweremanyplasticbagsandbottlesfloatedonthesurfaceofthelake.Suchbeautifulplacewassoseriouspolluted.Whatashame!Intheend,wecouldn'thelpcollectingtherubbishafterweleft.答案：Theotherday,someofmyclassmatesandItookabicycletripalongthe“RenminRoad' , wherewasspeciallybuiltforpeopletorelaxwhich—ourselves.Thesceneryalongtheroadwasfascinating,withtrees,flowers,themselveshillsandlakesonbothside.Westoppedbyalakeforarest,whereagoodhillsandlakesonbothsidesmanyofpeoplewereplaying happily.Butsomethingunpleasantcatchour⑤caughtattention,therewasrubb