冠词知识点讲解

冠词一、不定冠词aan,一般用来修饰单数可数名词。a用在发音以辅音音素的名词之前，an则用在发音以元音音素的名词之前。如：astudent，anorange。留意：U字母开头的词：anumbrella/unhappyfamily/unusualchildausefulbook/university/UFO/uniformH字母开头的词：Anhonestboy/hourAhistorybook/horseE字母开头的词：English/egg European4〕以元音因素开头的字母：m/f/h/x/8/sEg:Thereisan“m”intheword“mouth”.The“h”intheword“hour”isnotpronounced.不定冠词指表示某一类人或某事物中的任何一个，第一次提到某人或某物时，用于可数名词单数前，表示某一类人或事物〔相当于any+n.〕Eg: Ahorseisausefulanimal.Astudentshouldstudyhard.泛指某一类人或事物中的一个Eg：I amastudent./ Givemeapen,please.指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。Eg: Aboyiswaitingforyou.Lastweekweworkedinafactory.“一个”的意思。Eg:Ihaveadog./Haveacupoftea,please.表示单位，相当于“每”的意思。Eg: Theyworkedeighthoursaday.Thetraincango100kilometersanhour.用于固定词组中。havearest(break,look,,try,cold,fever,headache), takeawalk,inamoment,inaminute, onceuponatime, twiceamonth, fourtimesanhour，alittle，afew，alotof，agreatmany，asarule，inahurry，inaword，inashortwhile(不久)，afterawhile，haveagoodtime, (say)withasmile(speak)inalowvoice,haveawordwithsb,takeanactivepartin乐观参与二、定冠词的用法the可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。Givemethebook(onthetopshelf)Wemustcatchthenextbus.特指双方都明白的人或物：Takethemedicine.把药吃了。What’sinthepaper(ontheradio)上文提到过的人或事：Heboughtahouse.I’vebeentothehouse.他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。指世上独一物二的事物：thesun，thesky，themoon，theearth,theworld/theuniverseInspace在太空与单数名词连用表示一类事物：如：thedollar美元；thefox狐狸Thehorseisausefulanimal.〔表类别与其它类别相区分〕Ahorseisausefulanimal. 〕或与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人：如：therich富人；theliving生者。Theold/sick/young/blind/sick用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only，very，same，表方向的名词等前面：Eg:thefirsttime, thelastlesson,thelongestriver,ontheleftThat’stheverythingI’vebeenlookingfor.那正是我要找的东西。留意：当序数词表名次，在句中作表语或状语时，通常不加冠词Eg:IamsecondintheEnglishcontest.(表语)Georgearrivedfirst.(状语〕序数词表“又一”时，前面常不加定冠词Eg:Helosthiswayforasecondtimeyesterday.当表示方位的名词做副词时，不加定冠词Eg:I’mthinkingofgoingsouth./fromeasttowest与复数名词连用，指整个群体：Theyaretheteachersofthisschool.指全体教师〕Theyareteachersofthisschool.〔指局部教师〕表示全部，相当于物主代词，用在表示身体部位的名词前：Shecaughtmebythearm……她抓住了我的手臂。Shepattedtheboyonthehead.由一般名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专知名词前：thePeople’sRepublicofChina中华人民共和国 theUnitedStates美国theGreatWall长城 theShanghaiRailwayStationtheNo.1MiddleSchool用在表示乐器的名词之前：Eg:Sheisplayingthepiano.她正在弹钢琴。三角铁〕drum,recorder竖笛)〕留意：在表示具体的器物或表示课程时，theEg:Heboughtapianolastmonth.Shetaughtpianointheschool.用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人：(在句中做主语时，谓语动词用复数)Eg:TheGreensarewatchingTVnow. 格林一家人〔或格林夫妇〕〔11)在江河、海洋、山脉、群岛的名称前，theYellowRiver,theEastChina东海；theWestLake西湖theTianshanMountains天山theSummerPalace.thePeople′sDaily.用于自然现象前Don’tstandintherain.用在惯用语中：intheday在白天，inthemorning〔afternooevening，thedayaftertomorrow，thedaybeforeyesterday，thenextmorning，inthesky〔wate，field，countr，intheend最终，inthedistance在远处inthemiddle〔of〕在...中间，inthecenterof在 中心onthewhole总的来说，bytheway顺便说一下，havetheflu流感hitsbintheface/onthehead,paybythehour四、零冠词的用法抽象名词,〔〕通常不加冠词；Eg:England，Mary，water,happinessFailureisthemotherofsuccess.失败乃成功之母。Mancannotlivewithoutwater.人离开水就无法生存。冠词；Eg:WegotoschoolfromMondaytoFriday.我们从星期一到星期五都上课。Itishotinsummer.NewYear’sDay元旦 TreePlantingDay植树节theSpringFestival春节 theMid-AutumnDay/FestivalDuringthesummer/ thespringof1984在称呼或表示官衔，职位的名词前不加冠词(职位是唯一的)；Eg:Dad,let’sgotoseeafilm.HewaspresidentoftheRepublicatthattime.Heiscaptainoftheteam.球队队长。 〔monitor〕留意：当职位不是唯一的，前面一般不加不定冠词Eg:Sheisateacherofgeographyinouruniversity.this,that,my,these,some,any,no,every,each及人名的全部格时，前面一般不加不定冠词Eg:TheXiaoLi’smotherisanurse.( XiaoLi’smotherisanurse.( )在三餐,不加冠词；havebreakfast/lunch/supper/dinner留意：meal泛指一顿饭时，要用不定冠词Eg:Wehadawonderfullunch./ Hehadabigmeal.特指时，用theEg:Thesupper(Ihadlastnight)waswonderful.球类运动和消遣运动(棋牌)的名称前，不加冠词；Eg:playchess,tennis，basketball,volleyball,tabletennis表学科，不加冠词；Eg:maths,physics,history,English,geography,biology,chemistry,music,P.E,politicsby与火车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，中间无冠词；Eg: bybus，bytrain；留意Inacar,onabus,taketheunderground当两个或两个以上名词并用时，常省去冠词；Ican’twritewithoutpenorpencil.没有钢笔和铅笔，我就写不了字。有些个体名词不用冠词；school，college，prison，market，hospital，bed，table，class，town，church，court