外研版（2023）选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Revealing nature Understanding Ideas课时分层练（含答案）

第第页外研版（2023）选择性必修第一册Unit5RevealingnatureUnderstandingIdeas课时分层练（含答案）Unit5RevealingnatureUnderstandingIdeas—2023-2024学年高二英语外研版（2023）选择性必修第一册课时分层练

【夯实基础】

知识点1名词的用法

1.Thedirtyclassroomsarea_____(grace)totheschool.

2.Itwasdifficulttogettoknowtheprincessbecauseshealwayskepteveryoneata_____(distant).

3.Helpingthenext_____(generate)tohaveahealthyandactivechildhoodisofgreatimportance,andtheindustryisplayingitspart.

知识点2固定搭配

4.Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorningandputtheblame_____thealarmclock.

5.Itwasnotallright,hesaid,becausethepolicesuspectedhim_____stealingwires.

【提升能力】

6.孩子们好像正在房间里吃东西。

Thechildrenseemed________________________somethingintheroom.

7.适应大的变化从来不是件容易的事。那些适应快的人成功的可能性更大。

Itisnevereasyto________________________________.Thosewhocandoitfasteraremorelikelytosucceed.

8.那位专家说这座寺庙历史悠久，可追溯到初唐时期。

Accordingtotheexpert,thetemplehasahistory_______________________theearlyTangDynasty.

9.要是这些生物不能适应变化着的环境，它们就不会在地球上存在。

Ifthecreaturescouldn't__________________thechangingenvironment,theywouldn't___________________________onEarth.

10.我们应该响应政府的号召，节能减排。

Wearesupposedto___________________________ofthegovernmenttosaveenergyandreduceemission.

【核心素养】

A

Humans:It'stimetoabandonEarthorraceextinction.

Itcouldbetheplotofasummerblockbuster(巨片),butthispredictionisn'tsciencefiction.It'saglimpseofthefuture,accordingtofamousBritishscientistStephenHawking.

"Iseegreatdangersforthehumanrace,"hesaidinaninterviewwithglobalforumBigThink."Therehavebeenanumberoftimesinthepastwhenitssurvivalhasbeenaquestionoftouchandgo."

"Ibelievethatthelong-termfutureofthehumanracemustbeinspace,"hesaid."ItwillbedifficultenoughtoavoiddisastersonplanetEarthinthenexthundredyears,letalonethenextthousand,ormillion."

Hawking,whowasawardedthePresidentialMedalofFreedomlastyear,hasrecentlyvoicedmanyconcernsaboutthefutureoflifeonEarth.

"Ifaliensvisitedus,theoutcomewouldbeasmuchaswhenColumbuslandedinAmerica,whichdidn'tturnoutwellfortheNativeAmericans,"hesaid."Suchadvancedalienswouldperhapsbecomenomads(游牧者),lookingtoconquer(征服)andcolonizewhateverplanetstheycanreach."

ButHawkingsayshe'sstillhopefulforthefutureofhumanity.HetoldBigThink,"We'vemaderemarkableprogressinthelasthundredyears.Butifwewanttocontinuebeyondthenexthundredyears,ourfutureisinspace."

Gettingtoanotherplanetwillproveachallenge,nottomentioncolonizingitforhumanity.KatherineFreesefromUniversityofMichigantoldBigThinkthat"theneareststartoEarthisProximaCentauriwhichis4.2lightyearsaway.Thatmeans,ifyouweretravelingatthespeedoflightthewholetime,itwouldtake4.2yearstogetthere—orabout50,000yearsusingcurrentrocketscience."

1.HumansareadvisedtoabandonEarthmainlybecause_________.

A.alienswilltakeupourhomeplanetsoonB.itwasdiscussedintheforumBigThink

C.manyscientistslikeHawkingconcernitD.manydisasterswillhappenontheEarth

2.Thinkingaboutthefutureofhumans,Hawkingfeelsthat________.

A.humanscan'tliveontheEarthanylongerB.theEarthwillnotbehabitableforhumans

C.otherplanetsarereadyforhumanstoreachD.aliensarethebiggestfuturethreattohumans

3.Whatisthewriter'skeypointinthelastparagraph

A.Itisimpossibletogettoanotherplanetinspace.

B.ItisurgentforHawkingtodevelopthespacescience.

C.Thenearfuturecan'tseehuman'smovetoanotherplanet.

D.TheplanetProximaCentauriisfarawayfromtheEarth.

4.Thispassageismostprobablytakenfrom________.

A.aconferenceinterviewB.asciencefiction

C.ahistorybookD.aforumreport

B

AbiologistfromtheNationalParkServicediscoveredarareandunusualmammoth(猛犸)skull(颅骨)buriedina13,000-year-oldrocklayerontheSantaRosaIsland,thesecondlargestlandmassintheChannelIslands,California.Thefossiloftheextinctgiantanimalisleavingmanypaleontologists(古生物学家)scratchingtheirheads.Despitethefactthatit'spossiblythebestpreservedmammothskulleverfoundandofhighscientificimportance,thespeciesoftheindividualitbelongedtocan'tseemtobeidentifiedyet—it'stoobigtobeapygmy(矮小的)mammothandtoosmalltohavecomefromaColumbianmammoth.Somesayit'sanewspecieswhileothersbelievethetruthliessomewhereinbetween.

ThefirstmammothsshowedupinNorthAmericaaroundtwomillionyearsago,butitwasonlyduringthelasttwoiceagesthattheColumbianspecies,whichcouldgrowtobeupto14feettall,madeitswaytotheChannelIslands100mileswestofLosAngeles.Oncetheicemelted,manypopulationsbecametrappedontheislandandevolvedintopygmymammoths,anendemicspecies(地方种)totheChannelIslandswhichgrewonlytosixfeettall.

Judgingfromitssize,thenewlyfoundmammothskulldoesn'tseemtofitanyofthetwospecies,Columbianorpygmy.Tomakethingsevenmoreconfusing,oneofitstwotusks(象牙)isnearlyfivefeetlongandcoiledinamannerthatresemblesthoseoffullygrownmammothsbutthelefttuskisshorterandsloped,morelikeajuvenile(青少年).

ThishascausedsomescientiststosaytheSantaRoseskullmaybelongtoatransitionalspecies.Whateverthecase,afollowingexaminationofthemammoth'steethshouldputthemattertorest.Theanalysiswillalsotellushowoldthemammothwaswhenitdied,sowecantellforsurewhetheritwasanadultorajuvenile.

Moreinterestingthanthemammoth'slineage,however,mightbeitsstory.Thegiantmammallived13,000yearsagoorroughlythesametimelineofthe"ArlingtonMan",a13,000-year-oldhumanskeletonalsofoundontheSantaRosaIsland.Some3,000yearslaterhumanswerealreadyspreadthroughoutthecontinentandtheChannelIslands'mammothwentextinct.Thepresentfindingmighthelprevealalinkbetweenthetwo.

Theremainsalsoseemtoconfirmalong-heldassumptionthatthereweretwomammothmigrationstotheChannelIslands."ThediscoveryofthismammothskullincreasestheprobabilitythattherewereatleasttwomigrationsofColumbianmammothstotheisland:duringthemostrecenticeage10,000to30,000yearsago,aswellasthepreviousiceagethatoccurredabout150,000yearsago,"saidUSGSgeologistDanMuhs.

1.Theunderlinedpartinthefirstparagraphmeansthepaleontologistsfeel_________.

A.excitedB.confusedC.anxiousD.frustrated

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTamongthereasonswhythenewlyfoundskullisspecial

A.Itispossiblythebestpreservedmammothskulls.

B.ItssizefitsneithertheColumbianmammothnorthepygmymammoth.

C.ItwasfoundontheSantaRoseIsland,California.

D.Itstwotusksgiveoutdifferentinformationofthemammoth'sage.

3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastthreeparagraphs

A.Theexaminationofthemammoth'steethcantellushowolditwaswhenitdied.

B.Theremaybealinkbetweentheextinctionofmammothsandthespreadofhumans.

C.AtleasttwomammothgroupsmigratedtotheChannelIslandsduringdifferentperiodsoftime.

D.ThereremainsnofinalconclusionastohowmanymammothgroupsmigratedtotheChannelIslands.

4.Thispassagemainlytellsusthenewlyfoundmammothskull________.

A.isamongthebestpreserved,butwithamysteriousstory

B.hasarousedadebateoverwhatspeciesitbelongsto

C.isofgreatscientificimportancetomankind

D.islikelytoconfirmaformerassumptions

答案以及解析

【夯实基础】

1.答案：disgrace

解析：句意:肮脏的教室是这个学校的耻辱。由前面的dirty可知,此处应用grace的反义词disgrace。

2.答案：distance

解析：句意:要了解那位公主很难,因为她总是与每个人都保持一定距离。不定冠词a后应用名词形式,构成短语keepsb.atadistance,意为“与某人保持一定距离,不接近某人”。

3.答案：generation

解析：句意:帮助下一代拥有一个健康且充满活力的童年是非常重要的,这个行业正在发挥自己的作用。next此处作形容词,修饰名词。

4.答案：on

解析：句意为：很多人认为早上起床很困难，并将责任归咎于闹钟。puttheblameonsth为固定搭配，意为“将责任归咎手某事/物”。

5.答案：of

解析：句意:他说,这并不完全正确,因为警察怀疑他偷窃电线。suspectsb.ofdoingsth.是固定结构,意为“怀疑某人做某事”。

【提升能力】

6.答案：tobeeating

7.答案：adapttobigchanges

8.答案：datingbackto

9.答案：adaptto,cometoexist

10.答案：answerthecall

【核心素养】

A

答案：1-4.DBCD

解析：1.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Iseegreatdangersforthehumanrace..."和第四段中的"'ItwillbedifficultenoughtoavoiddisastersonplanetEarthinthenexthundredyears,letalonethenextthousand,ormillion.'"可知,未来地球会面临许多灾难,这些灾难会严重影响人类的生活,所以科学家们建议人类放弃地球。

2.推理判断题。根据第四段中的"'Itwillbedifficultenoughtoavo