实现可持续发展目标进展情况：制定拯救人类和地球的计划 Progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals -towards a rescue plan for people and planet

UnitedNations

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GeneralAssemblyDistr.:GeneralEconomicandSocialCouncil27April2023

Original:English

GeneralAssembly

Seventy-eighthsession

Item19ofthepreliminarylist*

Sustainabledevelopment

EconomicandSocialCouncil

2023session

25July2022–26July2023

Agendaitems5(a)and6

High-levelsegment:ministerialmeetingofthehigh-levelpoliticalforumonsustainabledevelopment,convenedundertheauspicesoftheEconomicandSocialCouncil

High-levelpoliticalforumonsustainabledevelopment,convenedundertheauspicesoftheEconomicandSocialCouncil

ProgresstowardstheSustainableDevelopmentGoals:

towardsarescueplanforpeopleandplanet

ReportoftheSecretary-General(specialedition)

Summary

ThepresentreportonprogresstowardstheSustainableDevelopmentGoalsissubmittedinresponsetoGeneralAssemblyresolution

70/1,

entitled“Transformingourworld:the2030AgendaforSustainableDevelopment”.Atthemidpointto2030,thisspecialeditionreportprovidesanupdateontheprogressmadesince2015againsttheglobalSustainableDevelopmentGoalindicatorframework.Inthereport,theSecretary-GeneralfindsthatmanyoftheGoalsaremoderatelytoseverelyofftrackandputsforwardfivemajorrecommendationstorescuetheGoalsandaccelerateimplementationbetweennowand2030,fortheconsiderationofMemberStatesinadvanceoftheSustainableDevelopmentGoalsSummit.

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I.Promiseinperil

1.Leavenoonebehind.Thatdefiningprincipleofthe2030AgendaforSustainableDevelopmentisasharedpromisebyeverycountrytoworktogethertosecuretherightsandwell-beingofeveryoneonahealthy,thrivingplanet.Buthalfwayto2030,thatpromiseisinperil.TheSustainableDevelopmentGoalsaredisappearingintherear-viewmirror,asisthehopeandrightsofcurrentandfuturegenerations.Afundamentalshiftinneeded–incommitment,solidarity,financingandaction–toputtheworldonabetterpath.Anditisneedednow.

2.Wecandobetter,andinmomentsofseverechallenge,humanityhasalwayscomethrough.Nowisanotherofthosemoments.TheSustainableDevelopmentGoalsSummit,tobeheldinSeptember2023,mustsignalagenuineturningpoint.Itmustmobilizethepoliticalcommitmentandbreakthroughsourworlddesperatelyneeds.Itmustrightthehistoricinjusticesatthecoreoftheinternationalfinancialsystemtogivethemostvulnerablecountriesandpeopleafairchanceatabetterfuture.Itmustdeliverarescueplanforpeopleandplanet.

A.Deliveringoncommitments:wheredowestandhalfwayto2030?

3.EarlyeffortsaftertheSustainableDevelopmentGoalswereadoptedproducedsomefavourabletrends.Extremepovertyandchildmortalityratescontinuedtofall.InroadsweremadeagainstsuchdiseasesasHIVandhepatitis.Sometargetsforgenderequalitywereseeingpositiveresults.Electricityaccessinthepoorestcountrieswasontherise,andtheshareofrenewablesintheenergymixwasincreasing.Globally,unemploymentwasbacktolevelsnotseensincebeforethe2008financialcrisis.Theproportionofwatersundernationaljurisdictioncoveredbymarineprotectedareashadmorethandoubledinfiveyears.Butitisclearnowthattoomuchofthatprogresswasfragileandmostofitwastooslow.Inthepastthreeyears,thecoronavirusdisease(COVID-19)pandemic,thewarinUkraineandclimate-relateddisastershaveexacerbatedalreadyfalteringprogress.

4.Itistimetosoundthealarm.Atthemidpointonourwayto2030,theSustainableDevelopmentGoalsareindeeptrouble.Apreliminaryassessmentoftheroughly140targetsforwhichdataisavailableshowsthatonlyabout12percentareontrack;morethanhalf,althoughshowingsomeprogress,aremoderatelyorseverelyofftrack;andsome30percenthaveeitherseennomovementorregressedbelowthe2015baseline.

5.Undercurrenttrends,575millionpeoplewillstillbelivinginextremepovertyin2030,andonlyaboutonethirdofcountrieswillmeetthetargettohalvenationalpovertylevels.Shockingly,theworldisbackathungerlevelsnotseensince2005,andfoodpricesremainhigherinmorecountriesthanintheperiod2015–2019.Thewaythingsaregoing,itwilltake286yearstoclosegendergapsinlegalprotectionandremovediscriminatorylaws.Andintheareaofeducation,theimpactsofyearsofunderinvestmentandlearninglossesaresuchthat,by2030,some84millionchildrenwillbeoutofschooland300millionchildrenoryoungpeoplewhoattendschoolwillleaveunabletoreadandwrite.

6.Ifevertherewasanilluminationoftheshort-sightednessofourprevailingeconomicandpoliticalsystems,itistheratchetingupofthewaronnature.Asmallwindowofopportunityisfastclosingtolimittheglobaltemperatureincreaseto1.5degreesCelsius,preventtheworstimpactsoftheclimatecrisisandsecureclimatejusticeforpeople,communitiesandcountriesonthefrontlinesofclimatechange.Carbondioxidelevelscontinuetorisetoalevelnotseenin2millionyears.Atthecurrentrateofprogress,renewableenergysourceswillcontinuetoaccountforamere

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fractionofourenergysuppliesin2030,some660millionpeoplewillremainwithoutelectricity,andcloseto2billionpeoplewillcontinuetorelyonpollutingfuelsandtechnologiesforcooking.Somuchofourlivesandhealthdependonnature,yetitcouldtakeanother25yearstohaltdeforestation,whilevastnumbersofspeciesworldwidearethreatenedwithextinction.

7.ThelackofprogresstowardstheSustainableDevelopmentGoalsisuniversal,butitisabundantlyclearthatdevelopingcountriesandtheworld’spoorestandmostvulnerablepeoplearebearingthebruntofourcollectivefailure.Thisisadirectresultofglobalinjusticesthatgobackhundredsofyearsbutarestillplayingouttoday.Thecompoundingeffectsofclimate,COVID-19andeconomicinjusticesareleavingmanydevelopingcountrieswithfeweroptionsandevenfewerresourcestomaketheGoalsareality.

B.Breakingthroughtoabetterfutureforall

8.Wecannotsimplycontinuewithmoreofthesameandexpectadifferentresult.Wecannotpersistwithamorallybankruptfinancialsystemandexpectdevelopingcountriestomeettargetsthatdevelopedcountriesmetwithfarfewerconstraints.The2030Agendastatedthatthisgenerationcouldbethefirsttosucceedinendingpoverty–andthelasttohaveachanceofsavingtheplanet.Thishigherpurposeremainswithinourgrasp,butitrequiresanunprecedentedeffortbyindividualGovernments,arenewedsenseofcommonpurposeacrosstheinternationalcommunityandaglobalallianceforSustainableDevelopmentGoals-relatedactionacrossbusiness,civilsociety,science,youngpeople,localauthoritiesandmore.ItrequiresthatwecometogetherinSeptembertodeliverarescueplanforpeopleandplanet.

9.BuildingontheevidencecapturedintheGlobalSustainableDevelopmentReportandonthelessonssince2015,thepresentreportidentifiesaseriesofurgentactionsforyourconsiderationinfivekeyareas.

10.First,IurgeHeadsofStateandGovernmenttorecommittosevenyearsofaccelerated,sustainedandtransformativeaction,bothnationallyandinternationally,todeliveronthepromiseoftheSustainableDevelopmentGoals.

11.Thiscallsforthestrengtheningofsocialcohesioninordertosecuredignity,opportunityandrightsforallwhilereorientingeconomiesthroughgreenanddigitaltransitionsandtowardsresilienttrajectoriesthatarecompatiblewiththegoaloftheParisAgreementtolimittheglobaltemperatureincreaseto1.5degreesCelsius.Itcallsforaonce-in-a-generationcommitmenttooverhaultheinternationalfinancialandeconomicsystemsothatitrespondstotoday’schallenges,notthoseofthe1940s,aswellasunprecedentedcollaborationamongmembersoftheGroupof20andsupportforalldevelopingcountriestoadvanceSustainableDevelopmentGoals-relatedandclimate-relatedaction.

12.IencourageMemberStatestoadoptanambitiousandforward-lookingpoliticaldeclarationandtopresentglobalandnationalcommitmentsforGoals-relatedtransformationattheSustainableDevelopmentGoalsSummit.

13.Second,IcalluponGovernmentstoadvanceconcrete,integratedandtargetedpoliciesandactionstoeradicatepoverty,reduceinequalityandendthewaronnature,withaparticularfocusonadvancingtherightsofwomenandgirlsandempoweringthemostvulnerable.

14.Thismeansthefollowing:givingmeaningtothecommitmenttoleavenoonebehindbyexpandingsocialprotectionfloorsandaccesstoessentialservices;creatingjobopportunitiesinthecare,digitalandgreeneconomies;urgentlytacklingtheprofoundcrisisineducation;strengtheningactiontoadvancegenderequality,

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leveragingdigitaltechnologiestoclosedivides;supportingtheinclusionofpersonsdisplacedbycrises;andtacklingtheexclusionofmarginalizedgroups,suchaspersonswithdisabilities.

15.Ialsourgeleaderstoembracemyclimateaccelerationagendatodriveajustrenewablesrevolutionandsecureclimatejusticeforthoseonthefrontlinesoftheclimatecrisis.WemustalsodeliverontheKunming-MontrealGlobalBiodiversityFramework,worktofurtherreducerisksfromdisastersandbuildintegratedandsustainablefood,waterandsanitationsystemswhilemakingtherighttoahealthyenvironmentarealityforallpeople.

16.Third,IurgeGovernmentstostrengthennationalandsubnationalcapacity,accountabilityandpublicinstitutionstodeliveracceleratedprogresstowardsachievingtheSustainableDevelopmentGoals.

17.DeliveryoftheSustainableDevelopmentGoalsmustbecomeacentralfocusfornationalplanning,oversightmechanismsanddomesticbudgets.Majorinvestmentisneededtostrengthenpublicsectorcapacityandbuildappropriatedigitalinfrastructure.LocalandsubnationalgovernmentsmustbeempoweredandsupportedtobringimplementationoftheGoalstothegroundlevel.Aneffectiveregulatoryframeworkisneededtoalignprivatesectorgovernancemodelswithsustainabledevelopmentobjectives.Afreshpushisneededtoreapthedatadividend,andthemonitoring,follow-upandreviewoftheGoalsmustbetakentothenextlevel,includingbystrengtheningcivicspaceandpublicengagementinpolicy-anddecision-making.

18.Fourth,toensuredevelopingcountriescandeliverintheaboveareas,IstronglyencouragetheinternationalcommunitytorecommitinSeptembertodeliverontheAddisAbabaActionAgendaandtomobilizetheresourcesandinvestmentneededfordevelopingcountriestoachievetheSustainableDevelopmentGoals,particularlythoseinspecialsituationsandexperiencingacutevulnerability.

19.Inthatregard,IencourageMemberStatestoendorseanddelivera$500billionperyearSustainableDevelopmentGoalsstimulusplanbetweennowand2030.Thiscallsforimmediateaction:(a)totacklethehighcostofdebtandtherisingrisksofdebtdistress,includingbyconvertingshort-term,high-interestborrowingintolong-term(morethan30year)debtatlowerinterestrates;(b)tomassivelyscale-upaffordable,long-termfinancingfordevelopment,especiallythroughmultilateraldevelopmentbanks,rechannellingspecialdrawingrightsandaligningallfinancingflowswiththeGoals;and(c)toexpandcontingencyfinancingtoallcountriesinneed.

20.IalsocalluponMemberStatestorecognizeandaddresstheneedfordeepreformsoftheinternationalfinancialarchitecturethroughanewBrettonWoodsmoment,includingbyenhancingthevoiceandparticipationofdevelopingcountriesinthegovernanceofinternationalfinancialinstitutions.Thisisessentialinordertoensurethatthefinancialarchitecturedeliversforalldevelopingcountriesandsecuresurgentaccesstograntsandlong-termconcessionalfinanceastheytransitiontorenewableenergy-based,climate-resilient,inclusiveeconomies.Itrequiresbuildingonthelessonsfromrecenteffortstomobilizeprivatefinance,includingbyrevisingriskappetiteandthecriteriausedbycreditratingsagenciesandadjustingpoliciesandinstruments.

21.Finally,IurgeMemberStatestofacilitatethecontinuedstrengtheningoftheUnitedNationsdevelopmentsystemandtoboostthecapacityofthemultilateralsystemtotackleemergingchallengesandaddressSustainableDevelopmentGoals-relatedgapsandweaknessesintheinternationalarchitecturethathaveemergedsince2015.

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22.TheUnitedNationsdevelopmentsystemcontinuestoplayacrucialroleinsupportingcountriesindeliveringtheirnationalGoals-relatedambitions.Whatthesystemoffershasevolvedconsiderablysince2015,enabledbythemostambitiousreformsindecades.IwillcontinuetoworkwithPrincipalsacrossthesystemtofurtherstrengthenouroffer.IurgeMemberStatestocontinuetosupportthecontributionofResidentCoordinatorsandUnitedNationscountryteamsbydeliveringagainstthefundingcompact,ensuringtheresidentcoordinatorsystemisfullyfundedandfurthercapitalizingtheJointSustainableDevelopmentGoalsFund.

23.ManyoftheproposalsinOurCommonAgendaarealreadysupportingaccelerationtowardsachievingtheGoals.IcalluponMemberStates,throughtheforthcomingSummitoftheFuture,tobuildonthecommitmentanddirectionprovidedbytheSustainableDevelopmentGoalsSummittoensureprogressinotherareasofparticularimportanceforGoals-relatedprogress,includingreformingtheinternationalarchitecture,goingbeyondgrossdomesticproduct(GDP),strengtheningdigitalcooperation,boostingyouthparticipationindecision-making,transformingeducation,establishinganemergencyplatformandadvancinganewagendaforpeace.Furtheractionisalsoneededtoboostthecapacitiesofdevelopingcountriesintheareasoftradeandtechnology,toalignglobaltradingruleswiththeSustainableDevelopmentGoalsandtoestablishmoreefficientandeffectivetechnologytransfermechanisms.

24.Historyhasshownthattheworsthardshipscanbeovercomethroughhumandetermination,solidarity,leadershipandresilience.ThedestructionbroughtaboutbyWorldWarIIwasfollowedbynewformsofsolidarityandcooperationthroughtheUnitedNationsandtheMarshallPlan.Thisperiodalsowitnessedadvancesinglobalpositioningsystems,modernairtravelandsatellitecommunications,aswellasaccelerateddecolonization.Preventingwidespreadhungerandstarvationinthe1960sgalvanizedinvestmentinagricultureandthegreenrevolution.OthermorerecentexamplesincludetheglobalresponsestofightHIV/AIDSand,inpart,thesurgeinactionandcommunitytosavelivesandlivelihoodsduringtheCOVID-19pandemic.

25.Theseoutcomes,bynomeansinevitable,resultedfromuniquecombinationsofpurpose,solidarity,ingenuityandtechnology.Thismomentofperildemandsasimilarresponseifwearetodeliveronour2015promise.

II.Soundingthealarm:SustainableDevelopmentGoals

progressatthemidpoint

26.Atthemidpointofimplementationofthe2030Agenda,theworldisnotontracktomeetmostoftheSustainableDevelopmentGoalsby2030.Therehasbeenprogressinsomeareas,butprogressagainstaveryworryingproportionoftargetsiseithermovingmuchtoslowlyorhasregressed.

27.ThepresentsectionprovidesanoverviewoftheprogressachievedundereachGoal,withabriefassessmentforselectedtargets.Globalandregionaldataandassessmentsforalltargetsandindicatorsforwhichinformationisavailablecanbefoundinthestatisticalannex.1

1TheSustainableDevelopmentGoalsindicatorframework,thestatisticalannextothepresentreportandtheGlobalSustainableDevelopmentGoalIndicatorsDatabaseareavailableat

/sdgs.

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FigureI

Progressassessmentforthe17SustainableDevelopmentGoalsbasedon

assessedtargets,2023orlatestdata

(Percentage)

28.Thepictureisincompleteowingtopersistentchallengesinsecuringtimelydataacrossall169targets.WhileprogresshasbeenmadeinimprovingdataformonitoringtheGoals,withthenumberofindicatorsincludedintheglobalSustainableDevelopmentGoalsdatabaseincreasingfrom115in2016to225in2022,therearestillsignificantgapsingeographiccoverage,timelinessanddisaggregation.Thechartbelowindicatesthat,for9ofthe17Goals,onlyaroundhalfofthe193countriesorareashaveinternationallycomparabledatasince2015,andonlyaround21percentofcountrieshavedataforGoal13(climateaction).About8percentofthelatestavailabledataisfrom2023,21percentisfrom2022and54percentisfrom2021and2020.Inthecomingperiod,countryprofilesonGoals-relatedprogress,togetherwithanoverviewofdataavailabilityagainsttheGoalsineverycountry,willbesharedwithallMemberStates.ClosingthedatagapstoreapthedatadividendwillbeakeypriorityfortheUnitedNationssysteminadvanceoftheSustainableDevelopmentGoalsSummitandbeyond.

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FigureII

Proportionofcountriesorareaswithavailabledatasince2015,byGoal

(Percentage)

Goal1:Endpovertyinallitsformseverywhere

29.Since2015,globalpovertyreductionhadalreadybeenslowingdown.TheimpactsoftheCOVID-19pandemicthenreversedthreedecadesofsteadyprogress,withthenumberofpeoplelivingin

extremepovertyincreasingforthefirsttimeinageneration.Recoveryfromthepandemichasbeenslowandunevenastheworldispresentlyfacingmultiplegeopolitical,socioeconomicandclimaticrisks.Giventhecurrenttrends,575millionpeople(nearly7percentoftheworld’spopulation)willstillbelivinginextremepovertyin2030,comparedwith800millionin2015(or10.8percent).Eradicatingextremepovertywillbeparticularlydifficultinsub-SaharanAfricaandconflict-affectedareas.DespitetheexpansionofsocialprotectionduringtheCOVID-19pandemic,over4billionpeoplegloballyremainentirelyunprotected.Asurgeinactionandinvestmenttoenhancejobopportunitiesandextendsocialservicestothemostexcludediscrucialinordertodeliveronthecentralcommitmenttoendingpoverty.

•Target1.1:In2020,thepandemicpushedmillionsofpeopleintoextremepoverty,currentlydefinedasthosewholiveonlessthan$2.15perpersonperdayat2017purchasingpowerparity.Theextremepovertyrateincreasedfrom8.5percentin2019to9.3percentin2020.Bytheendof2022,nowcastingsuggests8.4percentoftheworld’spopulation,orasmanyas670millionpeople,couldstillbelivinginextremepovertytodayandthatthefigurewilldropto575millionby2030–afalloflessthan30percentsince2015.

•Target1.2:Givenhistoricaltrends,onlyonethirdofcountrieswillhavehalvedtheirnationalpovertyratesby2030from2015.

•Target1.3:By2020,only47percentoftheglobalpopulationwaseffectivelycoveredbyatleastonesocialprotectioncashbenefit,upslightlyfrom45percentin2015.Only26percentofchildrenunder15receivedasocialprotectionbenefit;onlyoneinthreepersonswithseveredisabilitiesworldwidereceivedadisability

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benefit;only35percentofworkerswerecoveredincaseofworkinjury;andonly18.6percentofunemployedworkersworldwidewereeffectivelycovered.

•Target1.4:Shiftingpublicresourcestowardsessentialservicesisoneofthekeypolicyinterventionsforreducingpovertyandbuildingabettersocialsafetynet.The2021datafor100countriesshowsthattheglobalaverageproportionoftotalgovernmentspendingonessentialservicesisapproximately53percent,withanoverallaverageof62percentforadvancedeconomiesand44percentforemergingmarketanddevelopingeconomies.

Goal2:Endhunger,achievefoodsecurityandimproved

nutritionandpromotesustainableagriculture

30.Thenumberofpeoplefacinghungerandfoodinsecurityhasbeenontherisesince2015,withthepandemic,conflict,climatechangeand

growinginequalitiesexacerbatingthesituation.In2015,589millionpeoplewereexperiencinghunger,andby2021,thatnumberhadrisento768million.Projectionsshowthat,by2030,approximately670millionpeoplewillstillbefacinghunger–8percentoftheworld’spopulation,thesameasin2015.Despiteglobalefforts,toomanychildrencontinuetosufferfrommalnutrition,andthecurrentannualrateofreductioninstuntingmustincreaseby2.2timestomeettheglobaltarget.Toachievezerohungerby2030,immediateandintensifiedeffortsarerequiredtotransformfoodsystems,ensurefoodsecurityandinvestinsustainableagriculturalpractices.

•Target2.1:TheCOVID-19pandemicexacerbatedanalreadydeterioratingfoodsecuritysituation,withabout150millionmorepeoplefacinghungerin2021thanin2019.Inaddition,nearly1in3(2.3billionpeople)weremoderatelyorseverelyfoodinsecurein2021.Thisrepresentsanincreaseofalmost350millionpeoplesincethebeginningofthepandemic.Themostworrisomeincreaseswereseeninsub-SaharanAfrica.TheongoingcrisisinUkraineisyetanotherthreattofoodsecurity.

•Target2.2:Globallyin2022,anestimated22.3percentofchildrenundertheageof5(148million)wereaffectedbystunting,downfrom24.6percentin2015.Overweightaffected37.0millionchildrenunder5(or5.6percent)andwastingaffected45million(or6.8percent)in2022.Theglobalprevalenceofoverweightchildrenhasstagnated,and,ifcurrenttrendscontinue,the2030targetwillbemissedby17.5millionchildren.Theprevalenceofanaemiainwomenofreproductiveagecontinuestobealarming,stagnantataround30percentsince2000.Furthermore,lowandlower-middleincomeeconomiesbearthegreatestburdenofstunting,wasting,lowbirthweightandanaemia.

•Target2.5:Although71percentoflocallivestockbreedswithaknownstatusareatriskofextinction,progresshasbeenmadeinexsitucryopreservation.Between1995and2022,thenumberoflocalandtransboundarybreedsforwhichsufficientmaterialisavailableincreasedfrom57to287(outof7,688localbreeds)andfrom31to175(outof1,115transboundarybreeds),respectively.Attheendof2021,anestimated5.8millionaccessionsofplantgeneticresourcesforfoodandagriculturewereconservedundermedium-orlong-termconditionsin846genebanksin115countriesand17regionalandinternationalresearchcentres,representinga1.1percentyear-on-yearincreasein2021.

•Target2.a:Investmentinagricultureisfalling.Governmentexpenditureonagriculturerelativetotheagriculturesector’scontributiontoGDPhasdeclinedfrom0.50in2015to0.45in2021inallregionsexceptNorthAmericaandEurope,whichwasdrivenmostlybytheCOVID-19pandemicresponse.

•Target2.b:InDecember2015,memberStatesoftheWorldTradeOrganization(WTO)adoptedtheministerialdecisiononexportcompetition,thusformally

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agreeingtoeliminateallformsofagriculturalexportsubsidyentitlements.Totalnotifiedannualexportsubsidyoutlaysfellfromtheirpeakof218millionin2015toalmostzeroin2021.

•Target2.c:In2021,theshareofcountriesfacingmoderatelytoabnormallyhighfoodpriceswas21.5percent,asignificantdeclinefromtherecord-highof48percentin2020,whentheeasingofCOVID-19-relatedrestrictivemeasurespromptedstrongdemand.However,thisisstillabovethe2015–2019average(15.2percent),reflectingcontinuedincreasesinfoodprices,mainlysupportedbyelevatedproductionandtransportcostsonaccountofcostlierfertilizersandenergy.Insub-SaharanAfricaandamongtheleastdevelopedcountries,theproportionofcountriesexperiencinghighfoodpricesincreasedforthesecondconsecutiveyearin2021.

Goal3:Ensurehealthylivesandpromotewell-beingforallatallages

31.ThepandemicandotherongoingcrisesarehinderingprogressinachievingGoal3,exacerbatingexistinghealthinequalitiesandthreateningprogresstowardsuniversalhealthcoverage.Asaresult,25

millionchildrenmissedoutonimportantroutineimmunizationservicesin2021,anddeathsfromtuberculosisandmalariaincreasedcomparedwiththepre-pandemicperiod.Thishasbeenparticularlychallenginginlow-andmiddle-incomecountries,wherehealthsystemswerealreadyunderresourcedbeforethepandemic.Thepandemichasalsohighlightedtheneedforstrongerglobalhealthsecuritysystemstopreventandrespondtofuturepandemics.Overcomingthesesetbacksanddealingwithlong-standingshortcomingsinhealth-careprovisionrequiresanurgentstrengtheningofhealthsystems.

•Target3.1:Theglobalmaternalmortalityratiodecreasedonlyfrom227maternaldeathsper100,000livebirthsin2015to223in2020,stilloverthreetimeshigherthanthetargetof70maternaldeathsby2030.Thismeansthatalmost800womenarestilldyingeverydayfrompreventablecausesrelatedtopregnancyandchildbirth.Almost95percentofthosedeathsoccurinlowandlower-middle-incomecountries.Theglobalaverageannualrateofreductionwasalmostzerointheperiod2016–2020,comparedwith2.7percentratefrom2000to2015.Tomeetthetarget,theannualrateofreductionneedstoincreaseto11percentbetween2020and2030.In2022,86percentofglobal