拉丁文辞典语法缩略词

GENERALABBREVIATIONSa.,adj.adjective形容词abbrev.abbreviation(s)缩略词abl. ablativ夺格(离格)absol.absolute(ly)无穷制的abst.abstract(ly)抽象acc. accusative,accordingto 宾格act.active(ly)主动语态ad.(inetym.)adaptationof 改写adj.adjective形容词adjl.adjectival.形容词的adv.adverb副词advl.adverbial(ly)状语的，副词的agr.agriculture 农业anal.analogy类比app.apparently 表面上appel.appellative(ly) 通称appos.apposition 同格，同位，并列Arab.Arabic 阿拉伯的arch.archaic 古代的Arm.Armenian亚美尼亚语AS.Anglo-Saxon 盎格鲁撒克逊人astrol.astrology占星术astron.astronomy,astronomical 天文学AvAvestan阿维斯陀语c.circiter,about 大概card.cardinal 基数词catachr.catachrestically 用词不妥cf.confer,compare比较cj.conjecture推断cl.clause从句class.classical古典的cod,coddcodex,codices法律cogn.cognate同源的collat.collateral 旁系的colloq.colloquial 口语的comp.compound,composition成分compar.comparative比较的compl.complement补语concr.concrete详细的conj.conjunction,conjungation 连词const.construction,construedwith 解说contemp.contemporarywith同时代contr.contractedCorn.Cornish凯尔特语cos.consul 执政官dat.dative 与格def.definition 定义dep.deponent 异态的deriv.derivative,derivation 衍亍生dim.diminutive 小的dir.direct直接的dissimdissimilated,dissimilation 异化dist.distinguish,distinguishable,distinct 分辨disyll.disyllabic双音节的dub.dubi(us),doubtful不确立的Ed.edict法律ed.,edd.editedby,editor(s) 编写ellipt.elliptical(ly) 省略的emph.emphasis,emphatic重申Eng.Englishep.epithet称呼erron.erroneous(ly)错误esp.especially 特另【」Etr.Etruscan 伊特鲁里亚语etym.etymology 语源学euphem.euphemism,euphemistic(ally) 委宛语ex.example例exc.except:(inrefs.)exerpta 除了exclam.exclamation,exclamatory 叹息词expl.explanation,explained 解说expr.expression,expressing,expressed 表达f.,fem.feminine阴性facet.facetious(ly)玩笑的fig.figurative(ly) 比喻foll.following,followed 遵照fr.fragment片Fr.Frenchfreqfrequent(ly)常fut.future未来Gael.Gaelic 盖尔人语Gall.Gallic 高卢gd.,gdve.gerund,gerundive 动名词的gen.genitive属格geog.geography,geographical地理geom.geometry,geometrical几何Ger.German德语Gk.Greek希腊语

Goth.Gothic哥特人gram.grammar,grammatical语法Heb.Hebrew希伯来语的heter.heteroclite 不规则变化的hyperb.hyperbolically夸张IE.Indo-Europeanimp.imperative祈使句impers.impersonal无人称的impf.imperfect 未达成的inanim.inanimate无机的inc.incerta,incertorum,uncertain 不确立ind.indicativeindecl.indeclinableindir.indirectinf.infinitiveinscr.inscription(s)instr.instrument(al)interj.interjectioninterp.interpolatedinterr.interrogativeintr.intransitive陈说无语尾变化的间接的陈说无语尾变化的间接的不定式铭文工具叹息词加入，窜改疑问词，疑问句不及物的iron.ironical(ly)嘲讽irreg.irregular(ly) 不规则的It.ItaliaL.Latinleg.legal(ly),inlegaluse 法律的Let.LettishLett语LG.LowGerman低地德语lit.literal(ly) 字面的Lith.Lithuanian 立陶宛语的loc. locative 地点格log.logic(al)逻辑.masculine阳性med. medical医学的metath.metathesis换位MHG.MiddleHighGerman 中古高地德语mil.inmilitaryusage 军事用途monosyll.monosyllabic 单音节的mus.musical,inmusic 音乐的mythol.神化n.,neut.neuter中性的naut.nautical(ly) 航海的neg.negative否认nom.nominative主格num.numeral数O.Old(oflanguage)obj.object(ive)宾语obs.obsolete 过时的obsc.obscene 猥亵occ.occasional(ly) 有时的OHG.OldHighGerman古高地德语OIce.OldIcelandic 古冰岛语OIr.OldIrishON.OldNorsonomat.onomatopeic(ally)像声的opp.opposite相反的or.,obl.oratioobliqua 委宛表达ord.ordinal序数词orig.origin,original(ly) 本来orthog.orthography正字法Osc.Oscan 欧斯干语OSl.Old(Church)Slavonic 旧斯拉夫语parenth.parenthetic(ally) 附带说明的part.partitive(ly) 表示部分的词pass.passive(ly)被动的perh.perhapsperiphr.periphrastic(ally) 冗赘的Pers.Persian波斯pers.personpf.perfect 达成式Pg.Portuguese葡萄牙语phil.inphilosophy 哲学上phon.phonetic(ally)语音的phr.phrase词组pl.plural复数pleon.pleonastic(ally) 冗言的plpf.pluperfect过去达成式poet.poetic诗的poss.possessive 全部格ppl.participial 分词的pple.participle 分词pr.preface,proem,prologue 序Pr.Provencal人，语praet.praetor执政官prec. preceding,preceded 以前pred. predicate,predicative(ly) 谓语,表语pregn.pregnant(ly)委宛的prep.preposition介词pres.present此刻的prob.probably,probable可能prol.proleptic预期的pron.pronoun,pronominal代词prop.proper(ly) 严格意义上的pros.inprosody韵律上prov.proverb,(proverbially) 谚语qu.question问题quot.quotation 弓|语ref.reference,referring 参照refl.reflexive 反身代词rel.reflective 反身的relig.(in)religion,religious 宗教repr.representing代表ret.retained保存rhet.inrhetoric 修辞上Rom.Romancerptd.repeated重复Russ.RussianSam.Samnite意大利一古民族人［语］的sb.substantive作名词用的词或词组.SenatusConsultum元老院法律sc.scilicet BPSem.Semitic 闪含语系闪语族的语言sg.singular 单数sim.similar 相像的Skt.Sanskrit 梵语Sl.Slavonic 斯拉夫人［语］Sp.Spanish 西班牙(语)的sp.speechspec.specific(ally) 详尽sts.sometimes.subordinateclause 从句subj.subject(ive),subjective 主题suff.suffix后缀sup.supine不活动的superl.superlative 最正确的surv.(in)surveying归纳阐述siueralectiosyll.syllable音节syn.synonym 同义词synec.synecdoche提喻法tech.technical(ly)工艺的

term.termination停止tm.(in)tmesis 插词法topog.topographical(ly) 地质的tr.transitive 及物的transf.(in)transferred(sense).transferredepithet转移修饰语transl.翻译translating,translationof翻译trisyll.trisyllabic 三音节的Umb.Umbrian翁布里亚语unkn.unknown 未矢口usu.usual(ly)往常var.variant(of)变异vb.verb动词vbl.verbal 动名词Ved.Vedic 吠陀梵语.uarialectio异文voc.vocative呼格w.withwd.word汉英术语比较表(按汉语拼音次序摆列)i词干名词i-stemnoun半异态动词semideponent陪伴夺格ablativeofaccompaniment被动（语）态passivevoice比较（等级）comparison比较夺格ablativeofcomparison比较级comparativedegree变格（法）declension变位（法）conjugation宾格accusative（case）;objective（case）宾语object宾语不定式objectiveinfinitive宾语属格objectivegenitive增补不定式complementaryinfinitiv不定冠词indefinitearticle不定式infinitive不规则动词irregularverb不及物动词intransitiveverb资料属格genitiveofmaterial差别夺格ablativeofdegreeofdifference词干stem词根base，roo1词汇（表）vocabulary词类partsofspeech词尾ending词形变化表paradigm词源（学）etymology从句subordinateclause代词pronoun单数single地址夺格（从哪处）ablativeofplacefromwhich地址夺格（在哪处）ahlativeofplacewhere地址构造placeconstruction第二变格（法）seconddeclension第二变位（法）secondconjugation第三变格（法）thirddeclension第三变位（法）thirdconjugation第四变格（法）fourthdeclension第四变位（法）fourthconjugation第五变格（法）fifthdeclension第一变格（法）firstdeclension第一变位（法）firstconjugation定冠词definitearticle动词verb动词变位缩写式synopsis动词性名词verbalnoun动词性形容词verbaladjective动名词gerund动形词(将来时被动态分词)gerundive(fulurepassiveparticiple)独立夺格ablativeabsolute独立句independentc1ause短语(习语、习用语)phrase夺格ablative(case)反身代词possessivepronoun反身物主代词reflexivepossessive方式夺格ablativeofmanner分词participles分词短语participialphrase分别夺格ablativeofseparation辅音consonant附带条件从句provisoclause复合词compound复合动词compoundverb复数plural副词adverb叹息词interjection格case关系代词relativepronoun关系与格(兴趣与格)dativeofreference(dativeofinterest)冠词article过去达成时pluperfecttense(pastperfect)后置词postpositiveword后缀suffix呼格vocative(case)基本时态primarytense基数词cardinalnumeral及物动词transitiveverb间接宾语indirectobject间接陈说indirectstatement间接命令句jussivenounclause间接问句indirectquestion间接弓I语indirectquolation未来时futuretense未来时被动向不定式futurepassiveinfinitive将来时被动态分词(动形词)futurepassiveparticiple(gerundive)未来时不定式futureinfinitive未来时不定式主动向futureactiveinfinitive未来时主动向分词futureactiveparticiple未来达成时futureperfect结果从句resultclause介词preposition句法syntax可能性大的未来futuremorevivid可能性小的未来futurelessvivid历史时态historicaltense连词conjunction流音liquid罗曼语（罗曼诸语言）Romancelanguages描绘夺格ablativeofdescription描绘属格genitiveofdescription名词substantive;noun命令句imperativesentence命令式imperative目的从句purposeclause目的动名词supine派生词derivative派生时态secondarytense派生语derivativelanguage祈愿句jussiveclause祈愿式jussive祈愿虚构式jussivesubjunctive前缀prefix强势代词intensivepronoun屈折变化inflection屈折形式inflectedform屈折语inflectedlanguage人称person人称词尾personalending人称代词personalpronoun塞音stop施事（者）agent施事夺格ablativeof（personal）agent施事与格dativeofagent时间夺格（何时/时期）ablativeoftimewhenorwithinwhich时间构造timeconstruction时态tense时态序列sequenceoftenses式（语气）Mood手段夺格（工具夺格）ablativeofmeansorinstrument数number数词numeral

双元音diphthong属格genitive(case)属有possession缩约contraction全部格possessivecase特别动词specialverb特点关系从句relativeclauseofcharacteristic条件(从)句conditionalsentences;condition同化assimilation同位语apposition同源词cognate(word)同源语cognatelanguage达成时perfecttense达成时被动向分词perfectPassiveparticiple达成时不定式perfectinfinitive达成时不定式被动向perfectpassiveinfinitive达成时不定式主动向perfectactiveinfinitive达成时系统perfectsystem未达成时imperfecttense地点格locativecase谓语predicate谓语形容词predicateadjective

谓语性名词predicatesubstantive无人称动词impersonalverb物主代词possessivepronoun物主与格dativeofpossession此刻时presenttense此刻时不定式presentinfinitive此刻时不定式被动向presentpassiveinfinitive此刻时不定式主动向presentactiveinfinitive此刻。时分词presentparticle此刻时系统presentsystem此刻时主动向分词presentactiveparticiple