中医英语复习

中医英语复习整理Unit1.整体医学Holisticmedicine.整体观念HolisticconceptorHolism.诊断与保健体系asystemofdiagnosisandhealth-careapproaches.一套非常成熟的治疗及保健方法Ahighlysophisticatedsetofpracticesdesignedtocureillnessandtomaintainhealthandwellbeing.草药Herbalremedies.阴阳平衡:balanceofyinandyang;Yin-yangbalance;balancebetweenyinandyang.阴平阳秘：Yiniseven(steady)andyangissound(firm)..阴阳失调:disharmonyofyinandyang;imbalanceofyinandyang.阴阳调和:Harmonyofyinandyang.调和月干胃：Harmonizingtheliverandstomach中医学ChineseMedicine针灸Acupuncture.血汗同源Thebloodandsweatsharethesamesource..中医师PractitionerofChineseMedicine•症状和体征Symptomsand(physical)signs.为每一个体重建和谐与平衡Toreestablishharmonyandequilibriumforeachindividual.宇宙中的万物都是相互依赖、相互作用的Everythingintheuniverseisinterdependentandinteractivel8.将细小的针插入身体的不同穴位Theinsertionoffineneedlesintoavarietyofpointsinthebodystomachwillresultintheoccurrenceofvariousdiseases..夕卜伤traumaticinjuries.痰饮、Phlegm-fluid.瘀血BloodstasisUNIT6.五彳亍Thefiveagents一日木thefirstiswood,二日火thesecondisfire三日土thethirdissoil.四日金thefourthismetal,五日水thefifthiswater,.木日曲直Woodisthebendingandthestraightening.火日炎上Fireistheflamingupward土爰稼木啬Earthisthesowingandreaping金日从革Metalistheworkingofchange.水日润下Wateristhemoisteningdandescendingtolowplaces..药的“四气五味”：〃四气〃:fourproperties/natures（cold寒hot热warm温cool凉）〃无味〃:acrid[flavor]/bitter/sweet/acrid/salty例句:人参味甘，性温Ginsengissweetinflavor,warminproperty.五味、

五色、

五精、

五神、.五藏、Fiveviscera五味、

五色、

五精、

五神、FiveflavorsFivecolors五气、FivekindsofqiFivekindsofessenceFivespirits五病、五风、五实、五虚、五痹、五诊、五禁、五治、五法、五ofFivediseases/winds/excesses/Deficiencies/kindsobstructiveofyndrome/diagnostic methods/contraindications/treatments/methods/grains5•生:promote,generate,engender克:act(on),restrict,restrain乘:overact,over-restrict,over-restrain,subjugate,overwhelm侮:counteract,counter-restrict,counter-restrain,rebelEG:"心……其主肾也〃意即“那制约心脏的是肾〃。Theheartisrestrainedbythekidneys.Engenderingcycle:WoodFireEarthMetalWaterWoodRestrainingcycle:WoodEarthWaterFireMetalWoodOver-restrainingorsubjugatingcycleCounter-restrainingcycle.Wood:生长、生发、条达舒畅Growing,ascending,developingfreelyhavingthecharacteristicsofgrowth,upbearingandeffusion肝喜条达而恶抑郁，故肝属木。Theliverpreferstofunctionfreelyanddislikesdepression,soitpertainstowood.Fire:温热、升腾Warmingandrisinghavingthequalityofheatandupwardmotion.心阳有温煦之功，故以心属火。Theheartyanghasthefunctionofpropellingqiandbloodtowarmandnourishthewholebody,sotheheartisascribedthequalityoffire..Earth:生化、承载、受纳Generating,transforming,supporting,receivingrepresentingtheplantingandharvestingofcorpsandthebringingforthofphenomena.脾有运化水谷，输送精微，营养五脏六腑、四肢百骸之功，为气血生化之源，故以脾属土。Thespleenfunctionstotransportandtransformtheessenceofwaterandgraintonourishtheorgans,thelimbsandskeleton(thebones),anditisthesourceofthegenerationandtransformationofqiandblood,therefore,thespleenisascribedthequalityofearth..Metal:清洁、肃降和收敛Purifying,descending,astringinghavingthequalitiesofpurification,eliminationandreform.敛肺止咳Astringingthelungtostopcoughing敛肺平喘Astringingthelungtorelieveasthma(dyspnea)敛？F固表Arrestingsweatingandstrengtheningthesuperficies肺具清肃之性，肺气以肃降为顺，故以肺属金。Thelungischaracterizedbypurifyinganddescending,soitisascribedtheattributeofmetal..Water:寒凉、滋润、向下运行Cooling,moistening,movingdownwardhavingthequalitiesofmoistening,downwardmovementandcoldness.肾有藏精、主水等功能，故以肾属水。Thekidneyhasthefunctionofstoringessenceandofgoverningwater(fluids),herefore,itpertainstowater..中医理论Chinesemedicaltheory.中医基础理论Thefundamental(basic)theoriesofChinesemedicine.中医理论体系ThetheoreticalsystemofChinesemedicine22神经系统Thenervoussystem.内分泌系统Theendocrinesystem.内分泌失调Theendocrinedisorder•肺炎的病因Pathologicalcauseofpneumonia26.风、寒、暑、湿、躁、火Wind,cold,summer-heat,dampness,dryness,andfire风邪Windevil,pathogenicwind27.肝风上头Theliverwindgoingtothehead.病原体Agentofdisease.精确的诊断Precisediagnosis.失调的证Patternofdisharmony.临床研究Clinicalstudy.使证恢复平衡，使个体恢复协调Tobringtheconfigurationintobalance,torestoreharmonytotheindividual33.诊断六名胃痛患者患有消化道溃疡病Todiagnosesixpatientswithstomachpainashavingpepticulcerdisease34.所有患者患有相同疾病。Allthepatientssufferfromthesamedisorder..腹痛拒按，冷敷则减。Theabdominalpainincreasesattouch(bypalpation)butdiminisheswiththeapplicationofcoldcompresses..体质强壮Robustconstitution.面赤Reddishcomplexion.患者便秘、小便黄赤Thepatientisconstipatedandhasdarkyellowurine..舌苔黄月贰Agreasyyellowtonguecoating.脉弦而有力Wiryandfullpulse.湿热困月卑Damp-heataffectingthespleenUNITTWO1.阴阳学说TheTheoryofYinandYang;TheYin-Yangtheory;TheYin-YangDoctrine阴阳对立Oppositionofyinandyang阴阳制约restrictionofyinandyang阴阳互根InterdependenceofYinandYangYinandyangdependon/uponeachother阴阳消长Waxingandwaningofyinandyang阴阳转化Inter-transformationofyinandyang阴阳调和Harmonyofyinandyang阴阳平衡balanceofyinandyang阴阳失调disharmonyofyinandyang;imbalanceofyinandyang2.天气轻清，故属阳;地气重浊，故属阴。Thecelestialqiislightandlucid,thuspertainingtoyang;whileterrestrialqiisheavyandturbid,thereforepertainingtoyin..阳化气，阴成形Yangtransformsintoqiwhileyinshapesintoconfiguration.Yanggivesrisetoactivity,andyinmakestheconfiguration..阴阳离绝，精气乃竭。Theseparationofyinandyangwillresultintheexhaustionofessence.Ifone'syinandyangfailtocommunicate,hisessentialqiwillbeexhausted.阴在内，阳之守也”日在外，阴之使也。Yinisintheinnerbodyandprotectsyang;yangisintheouterbodyandmovesyin.Theinterdependenceofyinandyangisreflectedinallthingsintheuniverseandcannotbeseparated..阴中有阴，阳中有阳。平旦至日中，天之阳，阳中之阳也；日中至黄昏，天之阳，阳中之阴也；合夜至鸡鸣，天之阴，阴中之阴也；鸡鸣至平旦，天之阴，阴中之阳也。Inyinisyin;inyangisyang.Fromdowntonoon,thisistheyangofheaven;itistheyangintheyang.Fromnoontodusk,thisistheyangofheaven;itistheyinintheyang.Fromtheearlyeveningtothecrowingofthecocks,thisistheyinofheaven;itistheyinintheyin.Fromthecrowingofthecockstodawn,thisistheyinofheaven;itistheyangintheyin..夫言人之阴阳，则外为阳，内为阴；言人身之阴阳，则背为阳,腹为阴；言人身之藏府中阴阳，则藏者为阴，府者为阳，肝、心、脾、肺、肾五藏皆为阴，胆、胃、大肠、小肠、膀胱、三焦六府皆为阳。Astotheyinandyangofthehumanbody,theouterpartisyangandtheinnerpartisyin.Astothetrunk,thebackisyangandtheabdomenisyin.Astotheorgans,thezangorgansareyinwhereasthefuorgansareyang.Theliver,heart,spleen,lung,andkidney(asopposedtolungsandkidneys,hereregardedassinglefunctionalentities)areyin;thegallbladder,stomach,intestines,bladder,andtripleburner(tripleenergizer)areyang..阴阳者，数之可十，推之可百，数之可干，推之可万，万之大不可胜数，然其要一也Yinandyangcanbedivideddowntoten,andthenfurtherdowntoonehundred,toathousand,totenthousand,andtoanumbersogreatasdefiescalculations;yetinessenceallthesearebutone.阴胜则寒，阳胜则热。whenyinprevailsthereiscold,whenyangprevailsthereisheat.阳虚则寒，阴虚则热。whenyangisdeficientthereiscold,whenyinisdeficientthereisheatUNITFOUR1.月庄腑:acollectivetermforalltheinternalorgansorviscera.藏/月庄：solidorgans,viscera/depots(astorehouseforgoods)/zangorgansyinorgans府/腑：holloworgans,bowels(theintestines),palaces,fuorgans,yangorgans五月庄：fiveviscera,fivezangorgans,theyinorgansHeart,liver,spleen,lung(s)zkidney(s),(pericardium)六腑:sixbowels,sixfuorgans,theyangorgansGallbladder,stomach,largeintestine,smallintestine,(urinary)bladder,tripleenergizer/tripleburner:upperenergizer/burner,middleenergizer/burner,lowerenergizer/burner奇恒之腑traordinaryfuorgansBrain,marrow,bone,vessel,gallbladder,uterus月囱、髓、骨、脉、胆、女子胞2.肝：肝主疏泄Thelivergovernsfreecoursing(flowingrapidly),(spreadinganddispersing,maintainingsmoothflowofqi.)肝藏血。肝藏血是指肝有贮存血液和调节血量的作用。Theliverstoresblood.Theliveriscapableofretainingbloodandregulatingtheamountofbloodinthebody.肝主筋。爪为筋之余。肝，其华在爪。肝开窍于目Thelivergovernsthesinews.Thenailsarethesurplusofthesinews.Itsbloom(brilliance)isthenails.Theliveropensattheeyes.胆汁的化生和排泄，由肝的疏泄功能控制和调节。Emotionaldisturbance总结：肝的主要生理功能是主疏泄和主藏血。肝开窍于目，主筋,其华在爪。在志为怒，在液为泪。肝与胆通过经脉的络属关系而为表里。Throughthe'homing'and'netting'connectionsbetweenthechannelsofthetwoorganso3心心主血脉。Theheartgovernsthebloodand(blood)vessels.心藏神。心开窍于舌。TheheartstoresthespiritTheheartopensintothetongue心，其华在面。TheHeart'sbrilliancemanifestsintheface.Theheart'sbloomisintheface.Thehearthasitsoutwardmanifestationsontheface.心与小肠相表里。Theheartstandsininterior-exteriorrelationshipwiththesmallintestine.(becoupledwith,beinteriorly-exteriorlyrelatedto)总结：心主血脉，主神志。在志为喜，在液为汗，在体合脉、其华在面，在窍为舌。心与小肠相表里。(在体合脉：全身的血脉都属于心。Besubordinateto)ThePericardium心包摸3.脾：脾主运化水谷，输布精微。Thespleengovernsmovement(transportation)andtransformationofgrainandwateranddistributionofitsessence.脾统血。Thespleenmanagestheblood.脾主肌肉和四肢，开窍于口。Thespleengovernsthefleshandlimbs,andopensintothemouth.脾胃为气血生化之源，后天之本。Thespleenandstomacharesourceofformationofqiandblood,andareregardedasthefoundationofpostnatal(prenatal)existence.胃主受纳和腐熟水谷。Thestomachgovernsintakeanddecomposition(digestion)ofgrainandwater.水谷精微Essenceofwaterandgrain脾与胃相为表里。Thespleenandstomachstandininterior-exteriorrelationship.肺主气，司呼吸，主宣发肃降，通调水道。Thelunggovernsqi,performsrespiration,governsdisseminating,cleansinganddescending,andregulatesthewaterways.肺主皮毛。肺合皮毛。肺主一身之表。Thelunggovernstheskinand[body]hair.Thelungisinterrelatedwiththeskinand[body]hair.Thelungisinchargeofthebodysurface.ThebrillianceoftheLungsmanifestsinthebodyhair.肺开窍于鼻。肺与大肠相表里。Thelungopensatthenose.Thelungstandsininterior-exteriorrelationshipwiththelargeintestine总结：肺的主要生理功能是：主气、司呼吸，主宣发肃降，通调水道，朝百脉而主治节，以辅佐心脏调节气血的运行。Thelungfacesallthebloodvessels.(Allthebloodmustpassthroughthelung.)Govern,administrate;regulate小肠主泌别清浊;大肠主传化糟粕。Thesmallintestinegovernsseparationoftheclearandtheturbid;thelargeintestinegovernstransformationandconveyanceofwaste.肾藏精，主生长、发育和生殖。Thekidneystoresessence(oressentialqi)zandisresponsibleforgrowth,development,andreproduction.(maturation)肾主骨、生髓。Thekidneygovernsthebonesandengendersmarrow.肾主水。Thekidneygovernswater.肾开窍于耳和二阴。其华在发。Thekidneyopensintotheearsandthetwoyin?anditsbloom(brilliance)isinthehairofthehead.(thetwoprivateparts:theurethraandanus)滋养和濡润Kidneyyin(trueyin,originalyin)hasamoisteningandno