怎样描述XRD图谱

SuperiorPerformanceAsymmetricSupercapacitorsBasedonaDirectlyGrownCommercialMass3DCo3O4@Ni(OH)2Core-ShellElectrode10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 9010 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 9029{3事。日Figure1.XRDpatternsofth<C5O4/NFandCos04(fflNi(OH)VNFnanowire-当nJ)匚一XRDpatt^nisoftheCo3104yNFandtheCo504@Ni(0H)2/NFnanowireelectrodesareshowninFigureL.ThediffractionpeaksforthesampleofCo5O4/NFbelongtoCo^O4{JCPDSIno.42-1467)andNi(JCPDSno.01-1258),Thethreehighestintensitypeaksat44.4°,51.6°,and76.1°belongto(111，(200),and(220)ofmetallicni匚keLrespectively.Thepeakspositionedat31.3%36.9°,594",and65,2°inbothpatternsbelongto(220),(311)1(511，and(440)ofCo3O4Jrespectively.LntheXRDpatternofCo1O4(3)Ni(OH)2/NFJadditionalpeaksareobservedat1L60j23.8133.7)and59.6°?whichbelongto(001),(002),and(300)ofcr-Ni(OH)z(JCPDSno.22-0444),respectively.Therefore,theicsultsprovethatthesurfkceoftheCCI3O4nanowirewasdecoratedwithNi(OH)*FacileSynthesisofHollowMoS2Microspheres/AmorphousCarbonCompositesandTheirLithiumStorageProperties编辑版word

DOCI2If4L!'oDOCI2If4L!'o10<却趣 M口 副抑抑Mli>2。M411 50Srtt 纲3小d帽「箕 工BAMreFps，1,XRD1pattrmsoFay-prc]Nin?(isamples.RmndBdmftfbeforemAafteranncalinjf.mpectivdy(Holley,MoSjmirrDsphenrs:(b)hollmvM口加MACCs.TheXRDpaItemsoFas-preparedhollowMoSjmicrospheresandhollowMoSjMACCsbythehydrothermalroutebeforeannealingareshowninHig.1A.WecanseethecrystallinityofMoS^productsi&extremelypoor.Theredreonlythreebroadandwedkdiffractionpeaks,whichattributeto(002),[100)and(110)planesofMoSa,resp-ectively.ComparedwiththehollowMoS^microspheres,thehollowMoS?MACCsexhibitbroaderandweakerdiffractionpeaks,whichiscausedbythecolloidalcarbonaceousmaterialsproducedinsitubythehydro-carbonizationofglurosegreatlyinhibitingthegrowthofMoS^crystalespeciallyin[002)planeBroadandweakpeak编辑版wordofM0S2[29|.Fig.IBshowstheXRDpatternsofthepreparedhollowM0S2niicrospheresandhollowM0S2MACCs,whichareobtainedafterannealing.ThehollowMaSaMACCsdisplaysimilarcrystallinestructuretothatofhollowMoS2microspheres.whichcanbeindexedtothestandardhexagonal2H-M0S2structure(JPCDS37-1492\NootherdiffractionpeaksfromotherimpuritLesIaredetectedintheXRDpattern,andthestrongandclearpeaksindicatethatMoSzishighlycrystalline.ThelatticeconstantsofM0S2calculatedfromthisXRDpatternarea=3.15Aandc=12.84A.TheformerisveryclosetothestandardvalueofM0S2(a=3.16A)Sbutthelettershow&d口obviousincreaseincomparisonwiththatofM0S2(c=12.29A).AccordingtotheScherrerformula,thed(OO2JvalueofbothhollowMoSjmicrospheresandhollowMoS?MACCsis0.64nm.TheresultindicatesthatthedistancebetweenneighbouringMoS?layersincreasesbuttheirin-plantstructureispreserved.TheincreasingoftheLayerdistancemightbeassociatedwiththestrain/stresscausedbythebendingandfoldingoftheUyers.Additionally,thediffractionpeakat2^=25.2°forhollowM0S2MACCsisattributedtothe(002)planeofamorphouscarbon.Becausetheannealingtemperatureof800°Cismuchlowerthanthegraphitizationtemperatureof3000℃,thecarboninthecompositeshouldbeamorphous.However,itisworthmentioningth^ttheintensity口F(002)peakofhollowMaS^MACCsisrelativelylowercomparewithhollowMdS?microsphere,suggestingtheincorporationofthecarboninhibitthe(002)planegrowthofMnEicn/EtalKinth?4门e门cydfpw.InsituassemblyofMnO2nanowires/grapheneoxidenanosheetscompositewithhighspecificcapacitancestrongandclearpeak编辑版word

GO^InOj—GO^InOj—MnOjnan*wiresI ■I 1 1 'T LI LI10 20 30 40 50 60 702ThRtH(degJFl苫_2.XRD bfGO,MriO2后由白白山|「世匕aridGQ/MnOj亡bmpOsite.Fig.2showstheXRDpdtternofGO,MnOananowiresandGO/MnOinanowireshybrid.AclearXRDpeakofGOiscenteredat28=9.66°,whichiscorrespondingtothe(001)reflectionofstackedGOsheet0TsuggestingtheintroductionofoxygencontaininggroupsonGOsheets[40|.IntheXRDpatternofCO/MnO"allthepejksofGO/MnOahybridandMnOjweredistinguishable.Thediffractionanglesat2ft=12.98°r18.24°F25.72°,28.86%37.66°t41.9”49.叱56.280.6032°t65.60°and69.24°,canbeassignedto(100],(200),(220)t[310)F(211),(301)T(411),(600入(521入(002)and[541)crystalplanesofapuret-etragorialthea-MnO；phase(JCPDS,cardno:44-0141,a=9.7845Atc-2.8630A),编辑版word

respectively.Th-eXRDpeakpositionsandshapesofCO/MnOsareIsirnikrwiththoseofMnO^.noobviousdiffractionpeaksofGOwereobserved.PreviousstudieshnveshownthatthediffractionpeaksbecomeweakenedorevendisappearwhenevertheregularstacksofGOareseparatedbyinorganicunits|41h42|.NickelecobalthydroxidenanosheetsarraysonNifoamforpseudocapacitorapplications(nE)2?岳匚?=*KitCkl叫Ni-CoLDHsc«xon)2Fig.1.XRDpmt比(nE)2?岳匚?=*KitCkl叫Ni-CoLDHsc«xon)2Fig.1.XRDpmt比EGMtheNi(dH13Co-[OH)2^ndNd—C6LDFhtomp&M/iWn3HM版PowderX-raydiffraction(XRD)wasperformedtocharacterizethecrystalline5tructu「e5ofthepreparednickel-cobaltbinaryhydroxides,Ni(OH)*ndC“OH%,whichj.reillustratedinFig.1.ThediffractionpeaksoftheobtainedNi(OH)之samplecanbeindexedasrhombohedralphasea-Ni(0H)2CJCP0SNo.38-715),andthepeaksoftheCoOOH)2samplecanbeindexedasoc-Co(OH)2[29].AsseenfromthepatternofNi-CoLDHsndnosheets,theXRDpatternconsistsofamixtureofbothCofOH)2andNi[0H)2phases.Nopeaksarisingfromimpuritiescanbefound,indicatingthecompositematerialsweresuccessfullysynthesized.编辑版wordOne-pothydrothermalsynthesisofreducedgrapheneoxide/Ni(OH)2filmsonnickelfoamforhighperformancesupercapacitors*mW白211营1 * li I ,I*mW白211营1 * li I ,I, ■ ,I,I-I,I.I,IRCXWj(OH>2/NF-210 ,R<X5/Nif()H)2/MF-240 a ：_* A ..匕iIi」 1I।I.I।I■i।I.0 10 20 31) 40 50 60 70SO9025/degreeFig.1.XRDpatternsofpureRGOobtainedhydrottiermallyat210℃,pureNF,所RGO/Nl(OH)a/MF-2WhRGO/NifOHjs/NF-l50,RGO/Ni(OH)2/NF-180,andRGO/Ni(OHhjNF-240.编辑版wordFig.1showstheXRDpatternsofbaredNF,RGOpowderandRGO/Ni[OHhcompositefilmspreparedatdiffie「enttemperatures.Threepeaksat44.5口,51.9°and76.4°canbeassignedtothe(111)，E(200)and(220)planesofmetallicnickel[44]areclearlyobservedinthepatternsofbothNFandRGOJNi(OH)2composites.Theseindi-cattthatNFwasnotcompletelyconsumedintheredoxreactionwithGO.Apparently,sevennewcharacteristicdiffractionpeaksat193。,33.2。，38.6°,59.1\62.7%70,4°and72.6*inthecompositescouldbeascribedtothe(OOl),(100)」l01),(110),(111),(103)and(201)crystallineplanesofthehexagonalp-phaseNifOHfe(JCPDSNo14-0117)137suggestingthetransformationofelementalnickeltohexagonalp-phaseNifOHfeonthesurfaceofNFafterthehydrothermaltreatmentThebroadpeakofRGO3t20=23.7°isnegligible,duet。its](ayg)riteijtandthe5t「ungpEyiofNi(空口Rapidsynthesisofgraphene/cobalthydroxidecompositewithenhancedelectrochemicalperformanceforsupercapacitors编辑版wordFig.laprovidestypicalXRDpatternsofrGOandrGO/Co(OHhcomposite.TheXRDpatternofrGOrevealsbroaddiffractionpeakat2&=23,7\correspondingtothecharacteristicdiffractionofrGOpowder[37],whichsuggeststhjttheGOcanbeeffectivelyreducedtorGOunderthepresentcondition.ForrGO/Co[OH)2composite,,thepeaksataround28=10.8°,22.9°,33.1°,and59.2*canbeindexedas[003\[006\(100\and(110)characteristicdiffractionsofhydrotalcite-like^-Co[OH)2UCPDSNo.46-0605).indicating;thesamplewithrr-Co(OHhprominentphasehasbeensuccessfullyobtained.Asmallpeakat28=37.8°correspondstop-Co(OHhphaseJCPDSNo.3.0-0443),illustratingthecoexistenceoftr^cep-Co(OH)2secondaryphaseinthecomposite.ThebroadnatureandwejkrelativeintensityofthepeakprofilesimplyalowcrystallinitynatureoftheCo(OH)2phaseincompositeand/orthesmallsizeofCo(OH)2particles.Thebasa]planespacingoftheas-preparedCo[OH)2sampleisca.0.S2nm,evenlargerthanthatof0.77nmforthereportedvalue,duetotheionradiiofintercalatedCH^COO-largerthanthatofitsNO]counterpartinliterature[3839],TheenlargementofthisvalueisalsobecausetheCH3COO-andwatermokculesbondedtothehydroxylgroupsbyhydrogenbonds[24].SynthesisofultrathinmesoporousNiCo2O4nanosheetsoncarbonfiberpaperasintegratedhigh-performanceelectrodesforsupercapacitors编辑版word

(3(3①妾&3£F场.2.XRDpatternof(a)thefinalultrathinniesoporousNIGqzOananosheets^FPand(b)theNiCo2O4nanosheetspowderscratchedfiromCFRFig.2showstheXRDpatternsoftheNiCg04supportedonCFPandtheNiCo5O4powderscratchedfromCFP.AsseenfromFig.2aabesidesthethreetypicalstrongpeaksoriginatingfromtheCFPsubstrate,otherfourrelativelyweakdiffractionpeaksareobservedat28valuesof36.7、44.6°F59.1。and65.0°,whichthatcanbeindexedto(Mil)(400)[(511)and(440)planereflectionsofthespinelNiCci204QCPDFfileno.20—0781).SuchresultisquiteinagreementwiththeNiCoaCMpowerdiffractionpeak(Fig,2b),manifestingthatN1CO2O4nanosheetshavesuccessfullygrownontheCFPsubstrate.Asandwich-typethree-dimensionallayereddoublehydroxidenanosheetarray/graphenecomposite:fabricationandhighsupercapacitorperformance编辑版word

10 20 30 40 50 60 702e(degree)Fig.1XRDpatternsofas-preparedGO(A),rGO(B),LDH(C}andrGO/LDH(D).XRDpatternsofas-synthesizedGOTrGO,NiAl-LDHandrGO/NiAl-LDHareshowninFig*LIntheXRDpatternofGO(Fig.1Abwecanseeasharpdiffractionpeakat10.9北whichcanbeassignedtoGOandthe[001]interlayerspacingoftheas-obtainedexfoliatedGOiscalculatedtobe0.81nm,whichismuchlargerthanthed-spacing(0.34nm)ofthepristinegraphite(002)retlectianjconfirmingtheoxidationofgraphitetoGOduetotheintroductionofoj^gen-containingfunctionalgroupsonthegraphitesheets.Afterhydrothermaltreatment,thepeakatL0_90completelydisappearsandabroadpeak编辑版wordcorrespondingtorGOatabout24.5°withaninterlayerspacingof0-363nniisobserved(Fig.IB),whichisalittlelargerthanthespacingfornaturalgraphite(0.34nm).ThisrevealsthatGOcanbereducedunderthecurrentsyntheticconditionsandisanindicationofthedisorderedstackingofrGO."Theser&&ultsarealsoconfirmedbythefollowingRamanandXPSresults.ForIpureNiA]-LDH(Fig.IC],theXRDpatterncanbeindexedtorhombohedralNiAl-LDH(JCPDSno_15-0087^inaR3mspacegroup.Thebasalspacing(d003)ofthepureNiAl-LDHisabout0.758nm,whichissimilartothatreportedinotherarticles,indicatingthatCO32-ionsandwatermole-ctileshavebeenintercalatedintotheinterlayerspaces/Thisresultisalsosupportedbythefollowing[RresultsiInthecaseofrGO/LDH(Fig-何thepeaksforthe[003).[006),(012)and[015)planesarealsoinaccordancewithrhombohedralNiAl-LDH.Thevalueofd其aiscalculatedtobe0.770nni3whichisalittlewiderthanthatofpureNiAl-LDH.Thiscanbeascribedtoweakenedelectrostaticinteractionsbetweenthebrucite-likesheetsandinterlayerspecies,probablyinvolvingthedrivingforceofLDHgrownonthegraphenesurfaces.43^Furthermore,noneofthecharacteristicpeaksofGOorrGOcouldbefound.ApossibleexplanationisthatthecrystalgrowthofLDHonthesurfaceofgrapheneleadstotheformationofexfoliatedGOandtheregularlamellarstructureofGOsheetshasbeenbrokenintheas-synthesizedcomposite.Thefollowingmorphologicalstudyandtheformationprocesscanprovideevidenceforthisanalysis,Ultrathinandhighly-orderedCoOnanosheetarraysforlithium-ionbatterieswithhighcyclestabilityandratecapability编辑版word

站NisubstrateILj■站NisubstrateILj■i,IFig.1XRDpatternsoftheas-prepareddepasHs(a)beforeand(b)白代erthermaltreatment.vCo(OH)2203D40 50 60 70 802ThetaidegreedemonstratesTheXRDresultas-prepareddepositscandemonstratesTheXRDresultas-prepareddepositscanprimarilyidentifiedasapurephaseofCo(0H)2withahexagonalstructure(JCPDSno,30-0443),Furthermore,,itisalsofoundthatthediffractionpeaksofCo(OH)3disappearedintheXRDpattern(Fig.lb)afterathermaltreatmentat200℃for3h,andthepeaksat20valuesof37.0°f43.4°appearedinstead,whichcanbeindexedtoaface-centeredcubicstructureofCoO(JCPDSno.48-1719),showingasuccessfulconversionoftheprecursorCo(OH]3toCoO.Ni-Cosulfidenanowiresonnickelfoamwithultrahighcapacitanceforasymmetric编辑版word

supercapacitorssupercapacitorsThesuccessfulpreparationofNi-CooxidesandNi-CosulfidesisalsosuggestedbyXRDanalysisasshowninFig.2a.CurveAisindexedtoNi^CooxitieswithaNi-42omolarratioof1:1.SincetheNi-Cooxidescanbeconsideredascobaltoxideswith&omeportionofcobaltsubstitutedbynickelJtheXRDpatternofthemixedmetaloxideprecursorisveiysimilartothatofpureCoOandNiO.,wAftersulfurizingfor12hours,fournewpeakslocatedat30.9*,37.5°,49.79and54.9"appear(Bcurve).OnwhichtakeonadifferentpatternfromthatofNi-CooxidesandaresimilartothestandarddiffractiondataofCoS(JCPDSno.75*0605)andNiS(JCPDSno.01-12S6).Allthediffractionpeaksareweakandindicatinglowetystallirdty.One-stepsynthesisofCoNi2s4nanoparticlesforsupercapacitorelectrodes编辑版word

TypicalCciNiqS-nanoparticles aimprovedso1votliermTT-processwhichissimilartothatofternarychalcogenidesinourpreviouswork.24-Detailedexperimentalpa.ra.metersarelistedasthefollowing:metalsource:504M and口.单名^也呼卜闻山口;sulfursource：0.021gsulfurpowderysurfactanIjaX^fadaflMafi^aoJvent；20出Lan电口1叫reactiontemperature:2Q0reactiontime;24hours.Crystalstructuresofproductswerecharact-erizcdonaRigakuUltimaIllX-raydiffractometer(XRDjequippedwithaCtiK-xradiationsource[A=0.15418nm).3DNi3s2nanosheetarrayssupportedonNifoamforhigh-performancesupercapacitorandnonenzymaticglucosedetection编辑版word

3.1,StructureandmorphologyFig.1AshowsarepresentativcjCRBpatternoftheas-preparedNi3S2powdersthatwerescratchedfromtheNFinordertoreducethestrongimpactofthesubstrate.Theobviouspeakslocatedat21,7*,31,1°,3]此44.3fr,49.7°,546.554°,69.ft\73_D°,and77_9acanbeassignedrespectivelytothe[101)T(1(003),fa®),(113),(IM),(122)，(3(B),(214)and[^01)facetsofhexagonalNi3S2withLatticeconstantsa=5.745Aandc=7.135A,whicharcingoodagreementwithJCPDSno.44-1418.NootherdiffractionppEiksweredetected,revealingthehighpurilyoftheas-synthesiaedproduct.High-performanceNiCo2O4@Ni3s2core/shellmesoporousnanothornarraysonNifoamforsupercapacitorsNig//*N心。204Nig//*N心。204理Hij&210 20 3。 40 50 60 70 602^(degree)2^(degree)Fig.2XRDpatternsofNiCs5,N匕*andMiCozO^^NhSzcore/sheGarraysonNifoam.编辑版wordFig.2_revealsthecrystalstructureoftheas-synthesizedNiCo2OJ1(Ni^SiandNiCo2Fig.2_revealsthecrystalstructureoftheas-synthesizedNiCo2OJ1(Ni^SiandNiCo2Oi@Ni1S2core/shellmesoporousNTarraysonNifoam.Threestrongdiffractionpeaksineachpatternat44.70.52.and76.5中art?indexedtothenickelfoamsubstrate.For^TS^^^ncsoporousNTarraysonNifoam,thediffractionpeaksat2dvaluesof3L2136.7\55.5、59.Vsand65.1。canbewellidentifiedas[2201(311)f(422)1[511]andplanesofthespinelNiCdzOqphase(JCPDS20-0781).Besides,theXRDpatternsofa.s-synthesizedNi3S2nanosheetsonfoamarcalsosliowninFig.2.Diffractionpeaksatabout21.31.2",37.8，,50.1°and55.Z*canbeindexedco(101), (003)，(113)and[122)phasesofNl3S2(JCPDS44-1418).Aftei巳Lectio胡po~sitionofNi^S2nanosheetsonNiCo2OiTallthemajordiffractionpeaksofNi_&andNiCoQicanalsobeidentifiedinpatternsofNiCoq@Ni£2.andnoextrapeakwasdetected.Moreover,EDXanalysis[Fig.SlflofNiCo2Qi@Ni^S2isconsist-entwiththeresultsoftheXRDstudy.However,thediffractionpeaksofNi5S2inNiCo2O4@Ni5S2patternsarewiderthanbureNl3S2iwhichmajUlMAPsedbythesmallercrystalsizeandlowercrystallinityoftheNl3S2shell. -「 '"NickeleCobalthydroxidemicrosphereselectrodepositionedonnickelcobaltitenanowiresgrownonNifoamforhigh-performance10 203D舵50 60- 70SO2Thet(Deg.)1.KRDpwiUUEyMNiCu^O4.nd.i>ejwirDarrays・nd[Ni-hybridpseudocapacitors?E:语国三编辑版wordThesynthesizedpowderedsampleswereobtainedfromtheNifoamsubstratebysonkationandtheirphasewasidentifiedbyXRD.AsshowninFig.1TtheXR.DpatternconfirmstheexistenceofNLC02O4and(Ni-Co)(OH)2phaseCThediffractionpeaksofN1CD2O4nanowirearraysareobservedat18-95t31.1136.6°,44.6、59.1rand649)correspondingtothe(111X(220),[311)P(400\(511),and(440)planesoftheNiCQjOdphase(JCPDF20-0781)pwhereasthediffractionpeaksat品34.5°andBO.矛correspondingtoCo[OH^2andNifOHbphases.Itisdifficulttodifferentiatethetwophasesbecaus^oftheirsimilarityinstructureanddiffractionpattern.LEIB■・ B「>Lr5,■ -H 111g fdIAnovelporouscoral-likeZn0.5Ni0.5Co2O4asananodematerialfor仙20 30 40 50gO仙20 30 40 50gO702Ttieta(degree^lithiumionbatterieswithexcellentrateperformance(•n.3s'品utQE一Thecompositionandphasepurityoftheas-preparedproductswerefirstej(aminedbyXRD.Fig.1(a)showsthepowderXRDpat-tem5ofthe匚口「。1-111口ZNCd^rQ2血二口卜尸*/anrlNfOnsnoflakes.ItcanbeseenthatalldiffractionpeaksofthejCpnanosphu典sobservedfromXRDjrewellconsistentwiththestandard,valuesofthespineJZCOwithcubicstructureQCPDSCardNo.23-1390).Theobserveddiffractionpedks3t26valuesof18.9134.2°,36.8口，33.50,44.8。55.6°,59.30*and65.25correspondtothelatticeplanes：<?f(111),(220),(311),(222X(400X(422X(511^and(440),respectively.AndtheresemblingXRDpatternsarealsoobservedinZINCOandNCOhwhichrevealsth就theZNCOhZCOandNCOareoTOt^jhiecubicspinelstructure,[tcanbe^seenfromtheinsetpatternwhich编辑版word&howsthepartialenlargedviewof(311)latticeplan-esofNCOhZNCOandZCOthatthe20valuesofdiffractionpeaksareabout36.76°,36.8。°and36.86rhrespectively.Obviously,thediffractionpeakofZNCOislocatedbetweenNCOandZCO,whichi二consistentwiththetheoreticalbasis.Thelatticeparametervalues{3=b=匚)ofthecoraklikeZNCO,ZCOnanosphenesandNCOnanoflakesare8.107\8.D99Aand8113A(respectively.AndthevaluesareapproximatetothereportedvaluesofZCO[8.095A)andNCO(8.110A)*Nuotherdetectablepeaksfrominipuride5areobservedinthespectrum,whichindicatesthatth.eas-synthesizedproductsa「,n《fthgCjgjnpounrkofzincoxide,nkk^loxideorcobaltoxide.TheaverageciystJHR^kl/ULLir±NLlJTZCOandNCOare^T？nm,-21Jnmand-25.3nm,whicharecalculatedbyScherrerequarionusingmildiffractionpe^ksamongtheXRDpatterns.Addidonilly,inordertoquantiiytheatomicratioofZn.NiandCo.theas-preparedZNCOhZCOandNCOwerefurtheranalyzedbyEDS.AsshowninFig.l[b),theelementsofZn»Ni+Co,0canbeseendeariyandtheatomicratiosofZnrNi,CoexhibitedintheEDSpatternsareclosetothepresumedstoichiometricratios.HydratedCobaltNickelMolybdateNanorodsasEffectivelySupercapacitorElectrodeMaterials(WTxl(WTxl-5U3三Thecrystallineslrutlurtsofthuiis-synlhcsizudCu^NiixMuOinH2OnEinurodswtreconfinnedbyLheirXRDpaltcrnsinE'ig.la.WhenLhevalueofxwas0Tthediffractionpeaksat20=27,3and29.9couldbeindexedasNiM^OjnH2O(JCPDScardNo.l3*012R).WhenthevalueftCxwasI.tliediftraclionpeaksat20=29.9and33AcouldbeindexedasCoMoO]nHq(J匚cardNa26-Ci4T了LWhenthevaluesofxchangedfrom0.25to也75,±ediffractionpe;ikax21)~273weakened,andthediHkaclicnpeakal2(/=33.4graduallyenhanced.Inin$elcfPig.1,therearecorrespondingopticalimages□£'samplestandthecolorofsampleshaschangedfromyellowtublueastheincreasingcfCo.编辑版wordMicrowave-assistedsynthesisofgraphene/CoMoO4nanocompositeswithenhancedsupercapacitorperformanceBecauseoftheintroductionofoxy5en-containingfunctionalgroup。theinterhyerspacingismuchwiderthanthatofpristinegraphite[29].Asforpure-CoMo04己ndRGO/CoMoO^allthediffractionpeaksareliniilartotJiephaseofCoMoD4fwhicharegoodIinagreementwiththepreviousstudy[21].ItisalsowellknownthatcobaltmoJybd5tecanoccurintheformsofa-CoMoO+andP-CdMqO^andthetransformationof2t-CoMoO4toP-C0M0O4phaseoccursbetween330rleand410℃[30,311Thestrangestpeaksat20=瑞1and33^8°intheXRDpatternsofpuire-CoMo04andRGO/CqMoO4areattributedtoot-CoMoC4(PDFNe25-1434%Fig.2dshowstheXRDpatternoftheannealedsampleofRGO/CdMo04,Thestrangestdiffractionpeakat20=2G5口correspondstothereflect!anof(002)planeoftheCoMoO^whichmiteheswelltothatforP-CdMqO4(PDFreferenceNo.021-0868}[31].Hence,afterthehightemperatureannual,thepha^e□£CoMoCXjinRGO/匚oMoOqtransformfromot-CoMa04andP-CdMo04.However,thediffractionpeaksofRGOdidnotappearItisnotsurprisingthatthecharacteristicdiffractionpeaksofgraphenewereshieldedbythEstrongdiffictiDnpeak二口fCoMoO4$0.9H2Onanorodsgrownonreducedgrapheneoxideasadvancedelectrochemical编辑版wordpseudocapacitormaterialsApowderX-raydiffraction —“「T门巾门口HwereconductedtogaininsightintotheinternalstructureofCoMoO)■Q^H2OandCdMdO4-0.9H2O-r<jOIasshowninFig.2a.Apparently,theXRDpatternoftheCoMoOj0.9H2D-r<jOhybridconiposLtesissimilartothatofpureCoMoO'j-0.9H20nan-arodstindicatingthattheCoMoOjQ.9-H2O-rGOhybridcompasiteshasbeenwellsynthesized.ThecharacteristicpeaksintheXJtDpatternsofCoMoO।0.9H2O-itGOhybridcompositesandpureCoMoOjj0.9H2Osamplescanbeiinambiguoqs]yindesedtothestandtirdpatternforCoMoO)-0.9H2O(JCPDSno.14-UOSb).Inaddition,nootherimpuritypeaksweredetectedindicatingthatas-fabricatedsamplesareofhighpurity.However,itisdifficulttodetermineitscrystalstructureduotothehydratetendstoprecipitateinpoorlyciystallineforms,whichisdemonstratedbysomeothertransitianmetalmolybdatehydrates.-D''ItisintcrestingthatthadiffraHionpuaksofgraphenenanosheetscouldnotbeobservedintheXRDpatternofCheCoMoOjrQ.-9H2O-rGOhybridcomposites,whichisperhapsrelatedtoitsquiteuniformdispersion,lowamountandrelatively]owriiffrinnJjiiiiryiiy段尸Facilefabricationandperfectcyclestabilityof3DNiO@CoMoO4nanocompositeonNifoamforsupercapacitors编辑版word(里unE?Eq一q」里A七SUSC-C,2WE£Qa)口NiQCU口酗rQ&NiO-CfiiMeO4CoMdOPDFS2?6Q-4774Deoto10 20 302f{degrees)ResultsanddiscussionCharacterizationofN]0@CoMo04nanocompositeTodeterminethephasestructuresoftheproducts,tliejpg.Dmcasuroineiitswereconducted.InordertoreducethestrongimpactoftheNifoamsubstrateontheXRDpeaksignals,theNiO@)CoMo04nanocompo&itepowderis^^xanxbaj—totnNifbamforXRDanalysis.AsrevealedinFig.2(丑)，Ni^jjcaksof(111),(2(J0\(220\(222)and(311)wereobservedintheKR.Dpattern,inaccordancewiththereporteddata(JCPBFcardno.□4-UB35),.revealingtheexistenceofspinelNiOphase.TheindexeddiffractionpeaksalioshowtheCaMoOtphase(JCPDFcardno.26-0477),ThepoorciysraLIizationottR^^i o-M.oO4nanocompositcisevidencedbythesignificantreducedintensityofthediffractionpeaksinconipcsitespattern,whicharefavorableforcamp-ositetoexhibitahighcapacitivepcrEQrmance/J-iSFacilehydrothermalsynthesisofhierarchicalultrathinmesoporousNiMoO4nanosheetsforhighperformancesupercapacitors&3D&3D« 9 « 75 «2H(degree)编辑版wordX-raydiffraction(XRD)wasusedtoinvestigatethephasestructuresandpurityotthe\as-preparedproduct.Fig.1AshowsthetypicalpowderX-raydiffraction(XRD)patternoftheas-preparedNiMoOxinanosheets.AllthediffractionpeakscanbeassignedtothemoriDclinicstructuredN1MOO4withaspacegroupofC2/mJCPDSCardNo^45-01421Thebroadpeaksindicatethepoorcrystallinityoftheas-preparedNiMoOdndnosheets.Itshouldbenotedthatthecharacteristic(220)peakat26-6°isthetypicalpeakofp-NiMoOj,revealultrathinmesoporousNiMoCLinanosheetsisP-N1M0O4Nanoa-NiMoO4asanewelectrodeforelectrochemicalsupercapacitors2theta/degreeXKDwasusedtoinvestigatethestructureandphaseofthepreparedNlMdCJj(Fig.1).Theobserveddiffractionpeaksat2。=143,16.0,19.0,21禹24A25禺2S,9,32.7,34541.2,43,*47.6,53.5,56.7t58.0,61.9and66.5。forthesamplearewellmatchedwiththestandardmonoclinicNiMoO*QCPDScardNo.Ol-OtiEr0361\Thecalculatedlatticeparametersa c=7.659Aand//=113.6"[Table1)forthesampleareingoodagreementwiththeJCPDSdata.Theresultsconfirmtheformationofapuremonoclinicct-NiMoO.।phaseandtheC2/mspacegroup.Thecrystallitesize(19nrn)wascalculatedbytheDebye-SchcrrcrfbrtnulQusingthehighestintensitydiffractionpeak[220).编辑版wordComparisonoftheElectrochemicalPerformanceofNiMoO4NanorodsandHierarchicalNanospheresforSupercapacitorNiMoO4nanospheresNiMoOqnanorodsJCPDSNa.45-0142Applications20（degree）3.RESULTSANDDISCUSSION3J.SynthesisandCharacterizationoftheNiMoO4NanospheresandNanorods.Atfirst,theai-iynth-esizEdproductKwerecbaracterizcdbypowderXFIDanalysis.FigurethetypicalpowderX-raydiffecticsn（XRD）patternsoftheai-preparedproducts.Thecharact£rbti^（220）jpeakat26.60过&typicalpeakof伊NiMW]indicatingfli?succes；sfi.Jformation□£伊NiMoQj'TheXRDpatternoftheNlMoO4nanospherescouldbeindexedtothemonoclinicstructuredNiMoU.witha叩自egroupofC2/m（JCPDScardnu.4S，0142）.However^fortheNiMoO4nanorodthepeaJuzround280f33cljand440were whichwereattributedtoii*NiMo04OCPDScardno.33-0948）产一"The//-NiMo0+TfflSSnvasnotstableatroomtemperaturejanduponcoolingto-roomtemperature^some#-NiMoOqtransformedintoa-NiMnO平Importantly,ith涵beennotedthattheelectricalconductivityofthe 运mud^highe^thana-ThereEorejtheNlMdO4nano^ph«reswereexpectedtopossessnhigb-erelectricalconductivitythantheNlMdO+nanorods.Itiswell-accepted,thatelectrodematerialswithhighelectricalconductivitypossessanenhancedelectrochemicaLSeaurchin-likehierarchicalNiCo2O4@NiMoO4core-shellnanomaterials