Unit 1Teenage Life 第3课时 Discovering useful structures Grammar语法 短语（分层作业）(解析版)

Unit1单元重点语法专项练习短语一、单项选择1．（2021秋·广东揭阳·高一惠来县第一中学校考阶段练习）Theguynexttometriedtotalktomethewholetime.A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．表语【答案】A【详解】考查句子成份。句意：我旁边那个人一直想和我说话。Theguy是句子主语，nexttome是后置定语，修饰Theguy，triedtotalkto是谓语，me是宾语，thewholetime是时间状语。故选A。2．（2023秋·高一课前预习）WhichpartisAdvPinthefollowingtwosentences?[A]MyfirstFrenchclasswas[B]veryconfusing.[C]Theteacherspoke[D]sofast!A．A B．B C．C D．D【答案】D【详解】考查副词短语。下面两句话中哪一部分是副词短语？句意：我的第一堂法语课非常混乱。老师说得太快了！题目中A部分和C部分为名词短语，B部分为形容词短语，D部分为副词短语。故选D。3．（2022春·广东珠海·高一统考期末）ThesingerfellinlovewithMozart’smusicwhenhesangforthecollegechoir.从句中主语是：A．Thesinger B．Mozart’smusic C．he D．thecollegechoir【答案】C【详解】考查句子成分分析。句意：这位歌手在大学唱诗班演唱时爱上了莫扎特的音乐。分析可知，本句是含有时间状语从句的复合句。when为时间状语从句的引导词，he为从句的主语，sang为谓语，forthecollegechoir为状语。故选C。4．（2022秋·广东江门·高一校考期中）Whethershewillkeepitasecretisunknowntoallofus.句子的主语是：A．asecret B．WhethershewillkeepitasecretC．allofus D．it【答案】B【详解】考查主语从句。句意：她是否会保守这个秘密我们大家都不知道。根据句子结构，句子的主语是“Whethershewillkeepitasecret”系动词为is，表语为unknown。故选B。5．（2021秋·广东江门·高一校考阶段练习）Heenjoysreading.划线部分是什么成分________A．P B．OC C．O D．Ad【答案】C【详解】考查句子结构分析。句意：他喜欢读书。分析句子可知，本句的结构为：主+谓+宾，其中he为主语，enjoy为谓语，reading为宾语。故选C。6．（2022秋·广东揭阳·高一惠来县第一中学校考期中）Theyoungmanofferedtheoldmanhisownseat.(

)A．宾语 B．定语 C．宾语补足语 D．表语【答案】A【详解】考查句子成分。句意：那个年轻人把自己的座位让给了老人。分析句子可知，“Theyoungman”在句中作主语，“offered”作谓语，“theoldman”作间接宾语，“hisownseat”作直接宾语，故画线部分在句中作宾语。故选A项。7．（2022春·全国·高一假期作业）Iwastidingmyroomandfoundanoldphotoinanotebook.A．subject B．predicative C．object D．objectcomplement【答案】C【详解】考查句子成分。句意：我在整理房间的时候，在一个笔记本里发现了一张旧照片。A.subject主语；B.predicative表语；C.object宾语；D.objectcomplement宾语补足语。此处主语为I；wastiding作谓语，room为宾语；found为谓语，anoldphoto为宾语。故选C。8．（2022春·全国·高一假期作业）YesterdayImetTom,afriendofmybrother.A．subject B．predicate C．attribute D．appositive【答案】D【详解】考查句子结构。句意：昨天我遇到了汤姆，我哥哥的朋友。A.subject主语；B.predicate谓语；C.attribute定语；D.appositive同位语。afriendofmybrother是来解释说明Tom是谁，所以是同位语成分，同时在句中作宾语，即作宾语同位语。故选D。9．（2022秋·广东揭阳·高一惠来县第一中学校考期中）Mymothertoldusaninterestingstorylastnight.划线成分是________A．表语 B．直接宾语 C．间接宾语 D．宾补【答案】B【详解】考查句子成分。句意：我妈妈昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。tellsbsth意为“告诉某人某事”，为双宾语结构。双宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语，直接宾语是指动词的承受者，间接宾语是指动词的行为所指向的人。此处aninterestingstory为动词tell的承受者，所以是直接宾语。故选B。10．（2021秋·广东揭阳·高一惠来县第一中学校考阶段练习）Ifeelawkward.A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．表语【答案】D【详解】考查句子成分。句意：我感到尴尬。分析句子结构可知，主语是“I”，感官动词“feel”是系动词，故“awkward”充当表语。故选D项。11．（2023秋·高一课前预习）NowIknowthattheproperwayisalwaysherway.A．宾语 B．宾补 C．表语 D．定语【答案】C【详解】考查句子结构。分析句子可知，句子是含有that引导的宾语从句的复合句，宾语从句是主系表结构，herway位于is后，在从句中作表语。故选C。12．（2022春·全国·高一假期作业）DuringthattimeEnglishhasbecomethelanguageforgovernmentandeducation.A．adverbial B．predicative C．predicate D．object【答案】B【详解】考查句子成分。句意：在此期间，英语已成为政府和教育的语言。A.adverbial状语；B.

predicative表语；C.predicate谓语；D.object宾语。此处主语为English，hasbecome为谓语；thelanguage作表语。故选B。13．（2023秋·高一课前预习）ZhangLeiknowsthedestinationquitewell.划线部分是什么短语？在句子中做什么成分？A．AdjP,定语 B．AdjP,状语 C．AdvP,状语 D．AdvP,定语【答案】C【详解】考查句子成分。句意：张磊很清楚目的地。分析句子结构可知，划线部分quitewell是副词短语（AdvP），在句中作状语。故选C。14．（2022春·全国·高一假期作业）Inthesentence“Icanreadwellenoughwithoutglasses.”,theunderlinedpartisa________.A．NP B．AdjP C．AdvP D．VP【答案】C【详解】考查句子成分。句意：我不戴眼镜也能看书。分析可知，划线部分wellenough是副词短语，作状语，意为“很好”，修饰动词read，副词短语即AdvP，故选C。15．（2021秋·广东揭阳·高一惠来县第一中学校考阶段练习）Theschooladviserhelpedmechoosethesuitableones.A．主语 B．表语 C．宾语 D．宾补【答案】D【详解】考查句子成分。句意：学校顾问帮我挑选了合适的。helpsb(to)dosth“帮助某人干某事”是固定句型，不定式作宾补。故选D项。二、（2023秋·高一课前预习）画出下列句中的短语并写出在句中所作的成分16．Thefirstweekwasalittleconfusing.17．ThebuildingissobigthatI’mcompletelylost.18．Thekidsoverthereareputtingsomethingonaroundpaperplate.19．Lindathinksandspeaksquitequicklyandshecandowellinthedebate.20．ThenewcoachtoldmethatIdidn’tplaywellenough.21．MyfirstFrenchclasswasveryconfusing.Theteacherspokesofast!【答案】16．NP，做主语;Adjp，做表语17．NP，做主语;Adjp，做表语;Adjp，做表语18．NP，做主语;Advp，做定语;NP，做状语19．Advp，做状语;Advp，做状语20．NP，做主语;Advp，做状语21．NP，做主语;Adjp，做表语;Advp，做状语【解析】16．考查句子成分和句子结构。句意：第一周有点混乱。分析句子可知，本句为简单句中“主语+系动词+表语”结构；。Thefirstweek是名词短语，在句中作主语；alittleconfusing是形容词短语，在句中作表语。17．考查句子成分和句子结构。句意：这座大楼太大了，我完全迷路了。本句为结果状语从句，其中Thebuilding为名词短语，做主语；sobig为形容词短语，做表语；completelylost为形容词短语，做表语。18．考查句子成分和句子结构。句意：那边的孩子们正在把一些东西放在一个圆纸盘上。本句为简单句中“主语+谓语+宾语”结构，其中Thekids为名词短语，做主语；overthere为副词短语，在此做定语；aroundpaperplate为名词短语，做介词on的宾语。19．考查句子成分和句子结构。句意：Linda思考和说话都很快，她在辩论中表现得很好。本句为并列句，其中quitequickly为副词短语，做状语；wellinthedebate为副词短语，做状语。20．考查句子成分和句子结构。句意：新教练说我打得不够好。本句为宾语从句，其中Thenewcoach为名词短语，做主语；wellenough为副词短语，做状语。21．考查句子成分和句子结构。句意：我上的第一节法语课让人很困惑。老师讲得太快了!第一句为简单句中“主语+系动词+表语”结构，其中MyfirstFrenchclass为名词短语，做主语；veryconfusing为形容词短语，做表语；第二句为简单句中“主语+谓语+状语”结构，其中sofast为副词短语，做状语。阅读理解A（2022秋·全国·高一假期作业）Inchoosingafriend,oneshouldbeverycareful.Agoodfriendcanhelpyoustudy.Youcanhavefuntogetherandmakeeachotherhappy.Sometimesyouwillmeetfair­weatherfriends.Theywillbewithyouaslongasyouhavemoneyorluck，butwhenyouaredown,theywillrunaway.HowdoIknowwhenIhavefoundagoodfriend?Ilookforcertainqualitiesofcharacter，especiallyunderstanding,honestyandreliability(可靠)．Aboveallelse,Ilookforunderstandinginafriend.Agoodfriendtriestounderstandhowanotherpersonisfeeling.Heisnotquicktojudge.Instead,hetriestolearnfromothers.Heputshimselfintheotherperson’splace,andhetriestothinkofwaystobehelpful.Heisalsoagoodlistener.Atthesametime,however,agoodfriendishonest.Hedoesnotlookforfaultsinothers.Henoticestheirgoodpoints.Inshort,afriendwilltrytounderstandmeandacceptme.Anotherqualityofafriendisreliability.Icanalwaysdependonagoodfriend.Ifhetellsmehewillmeetmesomewhereatacertaintime,Icanbesurethathewillbethere.IfIneedafavor，hewilldohisbesttohelpme.IfIamintrouble,hewillnotrunawayfromme.Thereisafourthqualitythatmakesafriendspecial.Aspecialfriendissomeonewithwhomwecanhavefun.Weshouldenjoyourlives,andwewouldenjoyourfriendship.ThatiswhyIespeciallylikefriendswhoarefuntobewith.AgoodfriendlikesthesamethingsIlike.Weshareexperienceandlearnfromeachother.Agoodfriendhasagoodsenseofhumortoo.Helikestolaughwithme.Thatishowweshareinthejoyofbeingfriends.AndIknowthatheislookingforthesamequalityinme.WhenImeetsomeonewhoisreliable,honest,andunderstanding，IknowI’vefoundafriend!22．Whichofthefollowingqualitiesthewriterthinksisthemostimportantinchoosingafriend?A．Understanding. B．Honesty. C．Reliability. D．Asenseofhumor.23．Ifyouhavefair­weatherfriends,________.A．theywillgiveyouallthattheyhavewhenyouneedhelpB．youwillberefusedwhenyougetintotroubleC．youcanbesurethatyougetrealfriendsD．youwillbecomerich24．Thispassagemainlydiscusses________.A．thequalitiesofafriendB．wheretochoosefriendsC．howtogetalongwithfriendsD．theimportanceofhavingafriend25．Howmanyqualitiesdoesthewritermentioninthepassage?A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six.【答案】22．A23．B24．A25．B【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了好朋友应该具备的几种品质。22．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Aboveallelse,Ilookforunderstandinginafriend.Agoodfriendtriestounderstandhowanotherpersonisfeeling.”（我希望朋友能理解我，一个好朋友总是会尽力理解另一个人的感受）可知，作者认为朋友间理解最重要，故A项正确。23．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Sometimesyouwillmeetfair­weatherfriends.Theywillbewithyouaslongasyouhavemoneyorluck，butwhenyouaredown,theywillrunaway.”（有时你会遇到酒肉朋友，你有钱或春风得意时，他们会和你在一起，但当你失意时，他们就会离开你）可知，在你遇到麻烦的时候，酒肉朋友会拒绝帮你，故B项正确。24．主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“HowdoIknowwhenIhavefoundagoodfriend?Ilookforcertainqualitiesofcharacter，especiallyunderstanding,honestyandreliability．”（我怎么知道我找到了一个好朋友?他应该具备一些品质，特别是理解、诚实和可靠）可知，本文主要介绍的是一个好朋友应该具备的几种品质，故A项正确。25．细节理解题。根据第二、三、四、五段内容可知，这四段分别介绍了好朋友的四种必备品质——理解、诚实、可靠和有趣，故B项正确。B（2023·高一单元测试）Ateenagerneedstohaveasenseofindependenceintheirlifetofeelsecure（安全的）.Tosometeenagersindependencemeansalottothem,andIthinkthatsomeparentsdon’tallowtheirteenagersenoughindependence.Independencehassomethingtodowithfreedom.Somekidsarenotallowedtogoanywherealone,andtheonlythingtheirscheduleincludesisgoingtoschool,cominghome,goingtosleep,andrepeatingtheprocessthenextday.Parentstendtobeafraidthattheirkidscangethurtiftheygooutsideintotheworld.Butifparentscontroltheirkidstoomuch,theymayneverlearntoliveontheirown.Thebestwayforateenagertolearnlessonisthroughexperience.Ithinkitisbeneficialforteenagerstohavefreedom.Teenagers’lackoffreedomcanalsostopthemfromhavinggoodfriendshipatschool.Somemightsaythisisagoodthing,becauseithelpsthemfocusmoreontheirschoolwork.Iarguethatthiscanonlydiscouragethemnottodotheirschoolwork.Someparentsdonotallowtheirchildrentobearoundtheirfriendsoutsidetheschool,thinkingthatthiswillgetthemintotrouble.ButIdon’tthinkso.Instead,isn’tthisagoodreasonforparentstogettheirchildrenacellphone?Cellphonesallowteenagerstostayintouchwiththeirparents,andcommunicatewithfriends.Privacyisanotherissuebetweenparentsandtheirteenagers.Teenagerstendtoenjoyrelaxationbythemselvesintheirownroom.Thisalsogivesthemasenseofindependence.Itoftenannoysteenagerswhentheirparentsentertheirroomwhentheyarenothome.IknowthatmymomalwaysgoesinmyroomwhenI’mnothome,andthishasbroughtmetothepointwhereIhaveaskedmanytimestogetalockonmydoor.26．Whatisthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?A．Kidsknowhowtoliveindependently.B．Someparentsallowtheirkidsnofreedom.C．Itbenefitsteenagerstohavefreedom.D．Kidshaveadullroutineeveryday27．Intheopinionoftheauthor,___________.A．parentsshouldmakeiteasyforkidstocommunicatewiththeirfriendsB．goodfriendshipsbetweenkidsharmtheirschoolworkC．itisunnecessaryforakidtohaveacellphoneD．kidsshouldfocusontheschoolwork28．Howdoteenagersusuallyfeelwhentheirparentsentertheirroomsintheirabsence?A．Disappointed B．LuckyC．Angry D．Calm29．Theauthorhopestohaveherdoorlockedinorderto______________.A．keepherfatherfromreadingherdairy B．preventhermotherenteringherroomC．Protectherselffromanyharm D．Stopthievesfromgoingin【答案】26．C27．A28．C29．B【分析】这是一篇说明文。独立对青少年很重要，然而许多父母没有让孩子有足够的独立。独立与自主有关，青少年有自由是有益的，青少年缺乏自由会影响孩子在学校建立良好的友谊。此外，有自己的隐私空间会给青少年一种独立感。26．主旨大意题。第二段作者提出独立与自由有关，他指出很多父母过分控制自己的孩子，这样孩子永远不可能学会独立，他认为为青少年有自由是有益的。也就是说青少年要独立就要有自由，青少年有自由是有好处的，故选C项。27．推理判断题。根据Instead,isn’tthisagoodreasonforparentstogettheirchildrenacellphone?Cellphonesallowteenagerstostayintouchwiththeirparents,andcommunicatewithfriends.可知作者认为父母给孩子买手机可以让孩子和父母，朋友保持联系。这说明作者认为父母应该让孩子们能够轻易的与朋友交流。故选A项。28．细节理解题。根据Itoftenannoysteenagerswhentheirparentsentertheirroomwhentheyarenothome.可知对于青少年来说，父母在他们不在家的时候进入他们的房间经常会惹恼他们。故选C。29．细节理解题。根据IknowthatmymomalwaysgoesinmyroomwhenI’mnothome,andthishasbroughtmetothepointwhereIhaveaskedmanytimestogetalockonmydoor.可知作者的妈总是在她不在家的时候走进她的房间，这让她多次要求在她的门上加一把锁。这说明作者希望锁门是为了不让自己的妈妈进入自己的房间。故选B。C（2023春·辽宁·高一校联考阶段练习）ItishardtosaythefirstdayofschoolintheUnitedStatesbecausewhenthefirstdayofschoolisandwhathappensonthefirstdayofschoolusuallyaredifferentbydistricts（地区）.ThefirstdayofschoolformanyschooldistrictsindifferentstatesisonthedayafterthefirstMondayinSeptember.Insomeotherschooldistricts,schoolbeginsinmid-to-lateAugust.Forexample,theDenver,Coloradoschoolsgobackinmid-AugustandschoolsinCleveland,OhiostartbackusuallyoneweekbeforethefirstMondayinSeptember.TheBoston,Chicago,NewYorkCityandSanDiegoschoolsstartbackontheTuesdayorWednesdayafterthefirstMondayinSeptember.SchoolsinCleveland,OhiousedtostarttheschoolyearonthedayafterthefirstMondayinSeptember,butinthe1976-1977and1977-1978academicyears,theschoolyearwasaffectedbyseveralbadsnowstorms,extremecold.Inthe1978-1979schoolyear,theOhioDepartmentofEducationmovedthestartoftheyeartolateAugust,oneweekbeforethefirstMondayinSeptember.Thiswentintoeffectinthe1980-1981schoolyear.InmostschooldistrictsinUtah,theschoolyearstartsbetweenAugust25andAugust30,andgoesuntilthelastweekofMayorthefirstweekinJunenextyear.InAmericanhighschools,thefreshmenclassusuallygoesbackoneortwodaysbeforetherestoftheschoolbodyforanorientation（迎新）period.Anorientationperiodhelpsthefreshmengetfamiliarwiththeirnewschool,itsrules,andsurroundings.Insomeschools,thefreshmenclasseshavetheirphotographstakenforidentificationpurposes.Somehighschoolshavetriedtomakethefirstweekofschoolfunforincomingfreshmen.30．Accordingtothepassage,whichschoolsstarttheirschoolyeartheearliest?A．SchoolsinDenver.B．SchoolsinCleveland.C．SchoolsinNewYorkCity.D．SchoolsinBoston.31．WhydidtheOhioDepartmentofEducationchangethestartoftheschoolyear?A．Becauseofsomepoliticalevents.B．Becauseoftheentranceexaminations.C．Becauseoftheincreasingnumberofstudents.D．Becauseoftheextremeweather.32．HowmanymonthsdoestheschoolyearlastinschoolsinUtah？A．Aboutsevenmonths.B．Abouteightmonths.C．Aboutninemonths.D．Abouttenmonths.33．Thearticleisprobablytakenfrom________.A．abookaboutone'slifestoryB．anofficialwebsiteofeducationC．anadvertisementinanewspaperD．asportsmagazine【答案】30．A31．D32．C33．B【分析】这是一篇说明文。美国开学第一天的日期没有明文规定，因地区而异。30．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的Forexample,theDenver,Coloradoschoolsgobackinmid-AugustandschoolsinCleveland,…MondayinSeptember.可知，丹佛的学校在八月中旬开学,克里夫兰的学校通常在9月的第一个星期一之前开始。波士顿，芝加哥，纽约和圣地亚哥的学校在9月的第一个星期一之后的周二或周三开始。综上所述，丹佛的学校开学最早。故选A项。31．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的"butinthe1976-1977and1977-1978academicyears，theschoolyearwasaffectedbyseveralbadsnowstorms，extremecold"可知俄亥俄州的学校受到暴风雪的影响，因而开学日发生了变化。故选D项。32．推理判断题。根据文章的第四段InmostschooldistrictsinUtah,theschoolyearstarts…nextyear.可知犹太州学年从8月25日到8月30日开始，一直持续到5月的最后一周或明年6月的第一周，持续时间为九个月左右，故选C。33．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本篇文章讲的是有关美国学校开学第一天的日期的内容，应属教育类，故选B项。D（2021秋·高一课时练习）Everyoneneedsfriends.Weallliketofeelclosetosomeone.Itisnicetohaveafriendtotalk,laughanddothingswith.Surely,therearetimeswhenweneedtobealone.Wedon'talwayswantpeoplearound.Butwewouldfeellonelyifweneverhadafriend.Notwopeoplearethesame.Sometimesfriendsdon'tgetalongwell,whichdoesn'tmeanthattheynolongerlikeeachother.Mostofthetimetheywillgoonbeingfriends.Sometimesfriendsmoveaway,thenwefeelverysad.Wemissthemmuch,butwecancallthemandwritetothem.Maybewewouldneverseethemagain,andwecanmakenewfriends.Itissurprisingtofindouthowmuchwelikenewpeoplewhenwegettoknowthem.Familiessometimesnametheirchildrenafteraclosefriend.Manyplacesarenamedaftermenandwomen,iftheyarefriendlytopeopleinatown.Somelibrariesarenamedthisway.Soaresomeschools.Wethinkofthesepeoplewhenwegototheseplaces.There'smoregoodnewsforpeople,iftheyhavefriends.Thesepeoplelivelongerthanthosepeopleifthosedon'thavefriends.Why?Itcouldbethattheyarehappier.Beinghappyhelpsyoustaywell.Oritcouldbejustknowingthatsomeonecares,ifsomeonecaresaboutyou,youtakebettercareofyourself.34．Thefirstparagraphtellsus__________.A．noneneedsfriendsB．wealwaysneedfriendsaroundusC．makingfr