新教材2020-2021学年英语外研版（2019）第一册学案：Unit5第三课时　Developingideas含解析

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精第三课时DevelopingideasⅠ.词汇初探1．button(n。）按钮2．recover(v。）(从糟糕经历中）恢复→recovery(n。)复原,痊愈3．shock(n。）吃惊,震惊4．element(n。)基本部分，要素5．variety(n。）多样化，变化→vary（v。）变化，使变化→various（adj。)各种各样的6．path(n.）小路,小道7．concentrate（v。)专注,专心→concentration（n。）专注，专心8．freeze(v.)突然停住，呆住9．stare（v.）凝视，盯着看10．image(n.）图像,影像11．reaction(n.)反应→react（v。）反应12．file（n.)档案,文件Ⅱ.短语互译1．天气（尤指恶劣天气)the_elements2．不顾天气恶劣brave_the_elements3．各种各样的某事物a_variety_of_sth。4．把注意力集中于,全神贯注于concentrate_(sth。）_on_sth.5．毕竟，终究after_all6．takephotos拍照,照相7．befamousfor因为……而出名8．upto多达9．ataspeedof。..以……的速度10．throughadarkforest穿过一片漆黑的森林11．falloff从……掉落，跌落12．凝视，盯着看stare_at13．standstill静止不动14．fromtimetotime不时地15．showrespectto尊重，尊敬16．pressthebutton按快门，按开关Ⅲ。语篇理解StepⅠ。Readthetextandchoosethebestanswers.1．What’sParagraph3mainlyabout？A．YellowstoneNationalPark'svarietyofwildlifeanditshugestronganimals。B．Theauthor'smostfrighteningbutmagicalexperiencewithabear.C．Theauthor'sexcellentphototakingskills.D．Theauthor'sbravery.答案:B2．YellowstoneA．itistheworld’sfirstnationalparkB．ithasavarietyofwildlifeC．it’sbearsD．alltheabove答案：D3．Whichofthefollowingisintherightorder？a．Isawthebearturnandrunintotheforest.b．IhadafeelingthatIwasbeingwatched.c．Isawaneagleflowingoverthesnowcappedmountains。d．Ipressedthebutton。e．Ifrozewiththecamerastillheldtomyeye。f．Iwentthroughadarkforest。A．fcbeda B．fbeadeC．fcbdea D．fbaedc答案：A4．Whichofthefollowingistrue?A．Havingthechancetoobserveanimalsintheirnaturalenvironmentistheonlybestthingaboutmyjob。B．Asanaturephotographer，IhadtobravetheelementsbutIstillenjoyedmyjob.C．IwassofrightenedatthebearthatIdidn’tpressthebuttonofmycamera。D．ThebearsintheYellowstone答案：B5．Whyisthephotoofthebearspecial?A．ItwastakenintheYellowstoneB．Thereisararebearonthephoto.C．Itcanserveasaremindertoshowrespecttoallanimals.D．Itwasthebestphototakenbytheauthorinallhislife。答案：CStepⅡ.Decidewhetherthefollowingsentencesaretrueorfalse。1．Ienjoyedworkingasanaturephotographerbecausethejobwasverycomfortable。（F)2．IenjoyedtakingphotosintheYellowstoneNaturalPark。(T）3．BecauseIwasconcentratingonphotographingtheamazingsceneIdidn’tfeelthebearwatchingme。(F）4．Suddenlyseeingabearonlymetresawaystaringatme,Iwastoofrightenedtoholdmycamera.（F）5．Iwasluckyenoughtohavecapturedthebear’simage.（T)StepⅢ。Fillintheblanksaccordingtothetext。Asanaturalphotographer，Ihavetobravethe1。elements（element)toworkoutsideinthewild,butIstillenjoydoingsotoobserveanimalsintheirnaturalenvironment.LastspringIwenttoYellowstoneNationalParktotakephotos.Theparkisfamous2。forboththevarietyofitswildlifeandhuge,strongbearswhichcanliveforuptothirtyyearsandrun3。ataspeedofover72kilometresperhour.WhenIsteppedoutofadarkforestIsawan4.amazing（amaze）scenewhereaneagleflewoverthesnow.cappedmountains.Iwasconcentratingonit5。whenIhadafeelingthatIwasbeingwatched.Iturnedand6。froze（freeze）．Onlymetresawaywasabearstaringatmewithwater7.falling（fall）offitsthickbrownhair.Mylegsstartedshaking。SomehowIhadforcedmyfinger8。to_press(press）thebuttonbeforethebearturnedandranintotheforest.FromtimetotimeIlookedatthephotoasaremindertoshowrespect9。toallanimals。Itisafterallwe10。who/thatarethevisitorstotheirworld。1eq\a\vs4\al（recoverv.)(1）恢复健康；康复Ittookalongtimeforhimtorecoverfromabadcold。他患重感冒，很长时间才康复.（2)复原；恢复常态InafewdaysMrSmithhadrecoveredstrengthofbodyandmind。几天之后，史密斯先生身体和精神都恢复了。(3）找回；寻回；找到Thepolicerecoveredthestolenjewellery.警察找回了被盗的珠宝。(4)恢复;重新控制Jenniemadeagreatefforttorecoverherself.珍妮努力使自己镇定下来。［巧学助记][归纳拓展］(1）recoverfrom从……中恢复过来recoversth。重新获得某物recoveroneself镇定下来(2）recoveryn．恢复;复苏;痊愈makearecoveryfrom。。.(＝recoverfrom。。。)从……中恢复过来Eventhoughhewashurtseriouslyinthecaraccident，hefinallymadeanexcellentrecovery.尽管在车祸中他伤得很严重，但是他却恢复得很好。[即时巩固］单句语法填空①Herfatherhasmadeafullrecovery(recover)fromtheoperation.②(北京高考改编)Oncethedamageisdone,itwilltakemanyyearsforthefarmlandto_recover(recover)．完成句子③Ittookhimalongtimetorecover_fromhisillness。他生病了，很长时间才康复。④Hetriedhardtorecover_himselfbeforehegaveaspeech。在演讲之前他尽力使自己镇定下来。2eq\a\vs4\al（shock)(1)vt.＆vi.(使)震惊;震动TheexplosioninTianjinshockedthewholecountry。天津的爆炸事件震惊全国。(2)n.休克；打击；震惊①Thenewsofhisdeathwasashocktous。他去世的消息令我们震惊。②Herhusbandwaswithher，buttherewasbloodeverywhereandthewomanwasembarrassedandclearlyinshock。虽然她丈夫和她在一起，但是到处都是血，这位妇女很尴尬，明显也很震惊。[归纳拓展](1)beashockto..。使……震惊beinshock处于震惊中(2）shockedadj.震惊的；惊讶的beshockedat/by对……感到震惊beshockedtodosth.做某事很吃惊（3）shockingadj.令人震惊的①Itwasquiteashocktoseemyfaceonthatscreen!从那个屏幕上看到我的脸，真让人惊愕不已！②Rescueworkerswereshockedbywhattheysaw。救援人员对眼前的景象感到震惊。[名师点拨］。ed形容词与­ing形容词的区别(1）以后缀。ed结尾的形容词（如ashamed，delighted，excited，frightened,interested，moved，pleased，surprised,worried等)通常用于说明人，不用于说明事物。(2）以后缀。ing结尾的形容词（如delighting,exciting，frightening，interesting,moving,surprising，worrying等）主要用于说明事物，表示事物的性质或特征。［即时巩固]补全句子①(重庆高考改编）Theparentswere_shocked_by_the_news(被这个消息震惊了)thattheirsonneededanoperationonhisknee.②(重庆高考改编）Thenewsshocked_the_public（震惊了公众）,leadingtogreatconcernaboutstudents'safetyatschool.③(北京高考改编)The_shocking_news(这则令人震惊的消息）mademerealizewhatterribleproblemswewouldface。单句语法填空④Peoplewereshocked（shock)toseethatthelittlegirlwasoftenbeatenbyherstepmother.Theshocking（shock)newsshocked（shock)allthepeoplearound,whichwasalsoashocktoherfatherwhowasworkingabroad。⑤Wewereallshocked(shock)tolearnthattheone.thousand。yeartemplelayinruinsduringtheearthquakelastweek.解析:beshockedtolearn...得知……很震惊。⑥—Anexplosionatalocalminekilledatleast62workersandleftanother13injured.—Yes，thenewscameasashocktousall.解析：shock在此处指“令人震惊的事件”，是可数名词。3eq\a\vs4\al（elementn.）(1)［C]要素，基本部分，典型部分Costwasakeyelementinourdecision.价钱是我们决策时考虑的主要因素。（2）[C，usuallysingle]（尤指动物的)自然环境；适宜的环境Waterisafish'snaturalelement。水是鱼的天然生活环境。(3）［pl。]（学科的)基本原理，基础，纲要Hetaughtmetheelementsofmap­reading。他教我看地图的基本方法。（4）theelements（尤指)恶劣的天气Arewegoingtobravetheelementsandgoforawalk？我们要冒着风雨去散步吗？[归纳拓展]bravetheelements不顾天气恶劣beexposedtotheelements经受风吹雨打inyourelement如鱼得水,得心应手outofyourelement处于不适宜的环境，不得其所elementof少量,有点，有些［即时巩固］英汉互译①She’sreallyinherelementatparties。她在社交聚会上真是如鱼得水.②Thereappearstobeanelementoftruthinhisstory.他的说法似乎有点道理。③Customerrelationsisanimportantelementofthejob。与客户的关系是这个工作的重要部分.④一千多人不顾天气恶劣参加了游行（march）.Over_a_thousand_people_braved_the_elements_to_attend_the_march。4eq\a\vs4\al(varietyn.)(1)[C]（同一事物的)不同种类,各种式样①Thereisawidevarietyofpatternstochoosefrom.有种类繁多的图案可供选择.②Hospitalsdealwithdiseaseofeveryvariety。医院诊治各种各样的疾病.(2）[U］变化；多样化；多变性Weallneedvarietyinourdiet.我们都需要饮食多样化。[归纳拓展](1)a（great/wide)varietyof多种多样的varietiesof＝kindsof＝sortsof多种多样的（2)varyv．变化；改变varyin在……方面不同varyfrom..。to。../varybetween。.。and。..从……到……不等(3）variousadj.各种各样的；多姿多彩的①Ihaveavarietyof/varietiesofbooksathome。我家有各种各样的书。②Thequalityofthestudents'workvariesconsiderably。学生作业的质量甚是参差不齐。③Pricesvaryaccordingtothetypeofroomyourequire.价格随你要求的户型而有所变化.④Thiscityisknownforitsvariousbridges.这个城市因为各种桥梁而闻名.[名师点拨］variety后的动词形式：“avarietyof＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词使用复数；“thevarietyof＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词使用单数.[即时巩固］单句语法填空①Inthebotanicalgardenwecanfindavariety（various)ofplantsthatrangefromtalltreestosmallflowers。解析:句意：在植物园，我们可以找到各种各样的植物，从高大的树木到小花。avarietyof意为“各种各样的",符合句意。相当于varietiesof。②Nowadays，peoplegetnewsaroundthemandabouttheworldfromvarious（variety）mediaways：onTV，ontheradio，inthenewspaperorontheInternet.解析：考查形容词.various各种各样的。判断正误(T/F）③Thereisalargevarietyofflowersonsaleinthemarket。(F）④Thevarietyofwhatheprefersislimited.(T)一句多译⑤我们喜欢在菜单上看各种各样的菜。Wewouldliketoseeeq\b\lc\{\rc\（\a\vs4\al\co1(various，avarietyof,varietiesof))dishesonthemenu.5eq\a\vs4\al(concentratev。）(1）～(sth.）(onsth。/ondoingsth。)集中（注意力)，聚精会神①Ican’tconcentratewithallthatnoisegoingon.吵闹声不绝于耳，我无法集中精力。②Idecidedtoconcentrateallmyeffortonfindingsomewheretolive。我决定全力以赴找个住的地方。（2）使集中(或集合、聚集)①Weneedtoconcentrateresourcesonthemostrun。downareas。我们需要把资源集中用于最破落的地方。②Fightingwasconcentratedaroundthetownstothenorth.战斗集中在北方诸城镇的周围进行。［易混辨析］concentrate指把人或物集中在一起，也可指精力或注意力集中于某一事物上focus侧重指把光、热、射线等集中于一点，也可指把思想或精力等集中于某人或某事情上[巧学助记]注意：指“集中(精神、精力)”时，concentrate和focus可以换用。[即时巩固]单句语法填空①Attheageoffifteenshegaveuptakingpianolessonstoconcentrateonherschoolwork.解析：句意：在15岁的时候，她放弃了上钢琴课而专注于学校的功课。考查动词短语。concentrateon专注于，全神贯注于。完成句子②Whenyouconcentrate_on_one_task，youcangetitdonefasterandbetter。当你全神贯注于一项任务时，你会完成得更快更好。6eq\a\vs4\al(freezefroze，frozenv。）(1)vi.&vt.①Thelakewasfrozenover。湖面封冻。②Freshwaterfreezesat0℃淡水在零摄氏度结冰.（2）vi。＆vt。Ourwaterpipesfroze(up)lastwinter。去年冬天，我们的水管冻住了。（3）vi.(天气）冰冷Itmayfreezetonight，sobringthoseplantsinside.今晚大概很冷，所以把植物都搬进来.(4)vi。&vt.冷冻；冷藏①Tomatoesdon’tfreezewell。番茄不宜冷冻.②I'llbuyextrameatandjustfreezeit。我要多买些肉冷冻起来。（5）vi。&vt.①Freeze，orI'llshoot!不许动，否则我开枪了！②Thecatfrozewhenitsawthebird.那只猫见了鸟,一动不动。［归纳拓展](1)freezetodeath冻死Twomenfrozetodeathonthemountain.有两个男子在山上冻死了。（2）frozenadj.结冰的；(人或身体）冻僵的；（食物)冷冻的①Youmustbefrozen！Comeandsitbythefire.你肯定冻僵了!快坐到炉火边上来。②Americansalwaysdrivetosupermarketstobuycannedandfrozenfoodsfortheweek。美国人总是开车去超市买一个星期所需的罐头食品和冷冻食品。(3）freezingadj。极冷的；冰冻的freezingpoint冰点n．[U]冰点above/belowfreezing在冰点以上/以下adv。[非正式用语］极冷地freezingcold非常冷的[即时巩固］单句语法填空Shestaredathim,frozen（freeze）withshock.7eq\a\vs4\al（stare）(1)v.盯着看；凝视；注视①Theyallstaredwithastonishment。他们全都惊讶地瞪着眼。②IntheWestpeoplethinkit'srudetostareataperson.在西方,人们认为盯着人看是不礼貌的.(2)n.(尤指不友好或吃惊的)盯；凝视;注视①Shegavehimalongcoolstare。她冷冷地盯着他看了好久。②Famouspeoplegetusedtothestaresofthecrowds。名人习惯人群的凝视.[易混辨析］stareat“盯着看；凝视”，因好奇、惊讶而睁大眼睛看，强调长时间盯着看,有时含有无礼或粗鲁的意味glareat“怒视”,表示“凶狠而且带有威胁性地瞪眼睛”的意思glanceat“瞥见",强调“匆匆"和“瞥"的短暂lookat“看着”，无感情色彩，强调动作①Thegirlstaredattheblanksheetofthepaperforafewseconds。那个女孩盯着那张空白纸看了几秒钟.②Theteacherglaredattheboyswhentheylaughedloudlyatclass.当男孩子们在课堂上大笑时，老师怒视着他们。③Themanglancednervouslyathiswatch。那人紧张地看了一眼手表。④Themenallturnedtolookatherassheenteredtheroom。她走进房间时,所有男士都转过来朝她看。[巧学助记][即时巩固］用glareat，glanceat或stareat的适当形式填空①Sheglanced_atthesleepingchildandthenhurriedaway.②Inmostplacesoftheworld，itisimpolitetostare_ataperson.③Thelittlegirlglared_atthegroupofgirlswhosaidunpleasantwordstoher。单句语法填空④（湖南高考改编)Thereisnogreaterpleasurethanlyingonmybackinthemiddleofthegrassland,staring(stare)atthenightsky.解析：考查非谓语动词.所填词作伴随状语，与lying的动作同时进行，且与逻辑主语是主动关系，用v..ing的一般式。1eq\a\vs4\al（upto）（1）达到;最多有①Shehastreatedmanypatientswhowashtheirhandsupto30timesaday.她曾经治疗过很多每天要洗30次手的病人。②Icantakeuptofourpeopleinmycar.我的车最多能载4个人。（2）直到（uptill/until）Uptonow，I'veunderstoodeverythingtheteacher'ssaid.到现在,我已经理解了老师所讲的全部内容。(3)从事于；忙于Whatareyouuptothisweekend?这周末你打算做什么？（4)beuptosb.由某人决定;是……的责任①Youcanpayweeklyormonthly—it'suptoyou。你可以按周或按月支付，这由你决定。②It’suptothetravelcompaniestowarncustomersofanypossibledangers.旅游公司有责任提醒顾客任何可能的危险。[归纳拓展］beuptosb.todosth。由某人决定干某事upto＋number多达……upto＋time直到……beupto(doing)sth。胜任(做某事）;做……[即时巩固］完成句子①Jacksayshecankeeptrackofup_to_fourdecksofcardsinhishead.杰克说他的脑子最多能记住四副牌。②I’mafraidTomjustisn’t_up_tothejob。恐怕汤姆不能胜任这份工作。③Thechildrenareveryquiet.Iwonderwhattheyare_up_to。孩子们太安静了。我想知道他们在干什么。④-Whatshallwedotonightthen？—It's_up_to_you—whateveryouwant.——今晚我们干什么?—-你说了算—-你愿意干什么就干什么。2ataspeedof...以……的速度Mikedrovehiscarataspeedofover100kilometresperhour.迈克以每小时100多公里的速度开车。[归纳拓展］(1）常与speed搭配的短语：atspeed疾驶reducespeed减速pickup/gatherspeed加速withallspeed全速athigh/low/full/topspeed以高/低/全/最高速（2）speedup（使）加速反义短语为slowdown①Afterdrivingattopspeed，hearrivedhalfanhourearly.他以最高速度行驶，早到了半个小时.②Moderninventionshavespeededuppeople'slivesamazingly。现代发明大大加快了人们的生活节奏.[即时巩固］完成句子①Theyarebroadeningthebridgeto_speed_uptheflowoftraffic.他们正在加宽桥梁以加快车流速度。用恰当介词填空②Thespeedatwhichlighttravelsissaidtobethemaximumintheuniverse。解析：句意:据说光的传播速度是宇宙中最快的。考查介词.athigh/lowspeed以高速/低速，由此可知speed与介词at搭配。本句中speed为先行词，后接定语从句，which代指speed，故填介词at。3eq\a\vs4\al（falloff从……掉下；跌落)Whenyouarelearningtorideabicycle,youoftenfalloff。学骑自行车时，经常会摔下来.[归纳拓展]fallasleep入睡fallbehind落后falldown跌倒;倒塌;不尽如人意fallill生病fallinlovewith爱上……fallover被……绊倒；倒下[即时巩固］用恰当的fall短语填空①Thehunterfiredandthedeerfell_overdead.②Whensomestudentsfell_behind，otherswouldcomeandofferhelp。③Morebuildingsfell_downintheearthquake。④Tobesuccessful,thefirstthingtodoistofall_in_love_withyourwork.⑤Praisedwarmlyforhiswork，hewastooexcitedtofall_asleep.⑥Shehastostayhomebecausehersonfalls_ill.⑦Shefell_offthebikeandhurtherlegs.4eq\a\vs4\al（fromtimetotime不时；偶尔)①Fromtimetotimeahelicopterflewby.空中不时地有直升机飞过.②Thefoodsafetyaccidentshappenfromtimetotime。食品安全事故时不时地发生.③Whilereadingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime.他一边看书，一边不时地点头。［归纳拓展]常见time短语有：atonetime从前（某个时候）;曾经；一度atatime每次;一次atalltimes总是；永远forthetimebeing暂时innotime很快；立刻atnotime在任何时候都不；决不intime及时；迟早；过了一段时间allthetime一直；始终takeone’stime不着急;慢慢来killtime消磨时间atthesametime同时aheadoftime提前；提早raceagainsttime争分夺秒timeandagain一次又一次；重复地keeptime(钟表)走得准[即时巩固］补全句子①EventhoughtheSmithshavemovedtoafarawayplace，westillseethemfrom_time_to_time（不时)．②Hewentbackfromthemeetingroominnotime（立刻)．1Butdespitethewindandtherain，Istillenjoyworkingoutsideinthewild。尽管风雨兼程,我仍然喜欢野外工作。[句式分析]despite不管;尽管;任凭（＝inspiteof）.其后不接让步状语从句，而是接名词、代词作宾语。①Hereachedhisgoalsdespitehisdisability。尽管他有残疾，他还是实现了他的目标.②Despitehisoldage,hestilllivesanactivelife.尽管他年事已高，他依旧过着一种忙碌的生活。［易混辨析]inspiteof/despiteprep.后面不接让步状语从句，而是接名词、代词作宾语though/althoughconj.引导让步状语从句，though可用倒装语序asconj。引导让步状语从句,但需要用倒装语序regardlessofprep。不管，不顾。侧重于“不理会，不考虑"，后跟名词或代词①Kellylovedherhusbandinspiteof/despitethefactthathedranktoomuch。虽然凯莉的丈夫喝酒很多，她仍然爱着他。②Wewentforawalk，althoughitwasraining.尽管下雨,我们还是去散步了。③Prettyassheis，sheisnotclever.虽然她很美，但不聪明。④Theclubwelcomesallnewmembersregardlessofage.俱乐部对所有成员一律欢迎,不分年龄。［即时巩固］补全句子①Wearrivedattherailwaystationontimein_spite_of_the_storm（虽然有暴风雨)．句型转换②Inspiteofmyeffortstocalmherdown，mylittlesistercontinuedcrying。＝Despite_my_effortstocalmherdown,mylittlesistercontinuedcrying。2WhileIwasconcentratingonphotographingthisamazingscene，IsuddenlyhadafeelingthatIwasbeingwatched。在我全神贯注地拍摄这奇妙的场景时,我突然感觉到有什么东西在看着我。[句式分析］(1）此句为主从复合句。(2）while表示“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句；主句中thatIwasbeingwatched是同位语从句。Whiletheoldmanwasreading，hefellasleep.老人在读书时，睡着了。[归纳拓展］While的两个用法:(1)While意为“尽管，虽然”,引导让步状语从句.WhileIunderstandwhatyousay，Ican’tagreewithyou.尽管我能理解你所说的，却不能赞同你的观点.（2）While意为“而”，引导并列句。Theircountryhasplentyofoilwhileourshasnone。他们的国家有大量的石油，而我们的国家却一点儿也没有。［即时巩固]完成句子①（全国卷改编)Once,while_workingovernightatastore,heletahomelessmansleepinhistruck。一次，当他在店里上夜班的时候，他让一个无家可归的人睡在他的卡车里.②While_the_girl_was_workinginthatcompany,she_made_a_good_friendandtheysetuptheirownbusinesstogetherlater。女孩在那家公司工作期间,她交了个好朋友，后来他们创立了他们自己的事业。单句语法填空③While/Though/Althoughvolleyballishermainfocus，she’salsogreatatbasketball。解析：本题考查连词.句意：虽然排球是她的主项，但是她对篮球也很擅长.while/though/although意为“虽然”，符合语境。④He'sateacherwhilehisbrotherisadoctor.解析：while在此意为“而”，表示对比。⑤(浙江高考改编）While/Although/Thoughmobilepaymentsareeverywherecashtransactionsarenotgoingaway.解析：考查连词。句意：尽管移动支付无处不在，但现金交易是不会消失的.While/Although/Though引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管,虽然"。3Withwaterfallingoffitsthick，brownhair，thebearstaredbackatme.那只熊盯着我看，水从它厚厚的棕毛上滴落着.［句式分析]本句中withwaterfallingoffitsthick，brownhair是with复合结构,在句中作状语。[归纳拓展］with复合结构为“with＋宾语＋宾补”,在句中作状语或定语。其常见形式如下：(1）with＋名词(或代词）＋现在分词Withpricesgoingupsofast，wecan'taffordluxuries.由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起奢侈品.（原因状语）(2）with＋名词(或代词)＋过去分词Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishandstiedback。小偷被带了进来，双手捆在背后。(3）with＋名词（或代词）＋形容词Iliketosleepwiththewindowsopen.我喜欢开着窗户睡觉.(伴随情况）（4）with＋名词（或代词)＋介词（短语）①Theyoftengoclimbingwithbagsontheirbacks.他们经常背着书包去爬山.②Weliveinahousewithmanyflowersaroundit.我们住在一所周围有很多花的房子里。（定语)(5）with＋名词（或代词）＋副词Withthemanageraway,nooneknewwhattodo。经理不在，没有人知道该做什么。(6）with＋名词(或代词）＋动词不定式（不定式表示将发生的动作）Withalotofworktodo，hewasn'tallowedtogoout。因为有很多工作要做，他没有被允许外出.（原因状语）［即时巩固］完成句子①Hestoodwith_his_hands_in_his_pockets。他站着，手插在衣袋里。②Theboystoodtherewith_his_head_down。这个男孩低着头站在那里。单句语法填空③Withtwoexamstoworryabout，Ihavetoworkreallyhardthisweekend。解析：句意：因为有两门考试要担心，这个周末我必须努力学习了。“with＋名词＋不定式"为with复合结构，不定式表示将要发生的动作，表示原因.④Withtherainfalling(fall）soheavily，itbecomesmoreandmoredifficulttocarryontherescuework。解析:句意：雨下得这么大，使救援工作的进行越来越困难。“with＋名词/代词＋不定式/分词/形容词等"可在句中作伴随、时间、原因等状语，本题中with复合结构作伴随状语，此处指雨还在下，表示正在进行的动作，故用现在分词形式。with复合结构中，名词/代词后用不定式表示将要发生的动作，用过去分词表示被动或完成的动作。4Itisafterallwewhoarevisitorstotheirworld.毕竟是我们闯入了它们的世界。［句式分析]本句的核心结构为强调句型：Itis/was。。.who..。.强调了主语we。强调句型Itis/was。。.that/who..。的用法归纳如下：（1)强调句型可以强调除谓语动词以外的任何句子成分。一般说来，如果被强调部分是人时，用连词that或who；如果被强调部分是物，只能用连词that.强调句型应避免使用when,where,which等连词.①Itwasplayingcomputergamesthatcosttheboyalotoftimeheoughttohavespentonhislessons.玩电脑游戏用掉了这个孩子本来应该花在功课上的许多时间。②ItisduringhissparetimethatTomhasbeenstudyingthesituationforseveralmonths。几个月以来,汤姆一直利用自己的空闲时间研究局势。（2）that/who后的动词的人称和数的变化要与前面的名词或代词一致。①ItwasIwho/thatwastoblame。该受责备的人是我。②ItisonlyIwhoamwillingtogotoseethefilm。愿意去看电影的人只有我。（3）强调句型的一般疑问句形式：①Wasitin1939thattheSecondWorldWarbrokeout?第二次世界大战是在1939年爆发的吗？②IsitMrLiwhoguidedthecompanythroughthedifficulties?是李先生带领公司渡过难关的吗?(4)强调句型的特殊疑问句形式：①Whereisitthatyouaregoingforyourholidays？你打算到哪儿去度假？②Howwasitthatyouclimbtothetopofthatbuilding?你是如何爬上楼顶的?（5）强调句型中的特殊形式：Itisnotuntil..。that。。./Itisbecause。。.that。.。①Itwasnotuntilheenteredtheclassroomthatherealizedthathehadforgottentodothehomework。直到走进教室，他才意识到忘了做作业。②Itwasbecauseshewasillthatshedidn'tgotowork。是因为她病了她才没有去上班.（6）在强调句型中，作主语的关系代词who/that可以省略。①Itishe（that/who)workedoutthemathproblem.是他算出了这道数学题。②ItisI(that/who)amteachingthemtheEnglishsong.是我在教他们唱这首英文歌曲.[即时巩固]单句语法填空①（天津卷高考改编)ItwaswhenIgotbacktomyapartmentthatIfirstcameacrossmynewneighbors。解析：句意：当我回到我的公寓的时候，我第一次遇见了我的新邻居。本句中去掉Itwas和空格,句意完整，所以本句是强调句型,强调时间状语,应用that。②（湖南高考真题改编）ItwaswhenwewerereturninghomethatIrealizedwhatagoodfeelingitwastohavehelpedsomeoneintrouble。解析：此句是Itwas.。.开头且去掉Itwas和空格后,whenwewerereturninghomeIrealizedwhatagoodfeelingitwastohavehelpedsomeoneintrouble。是一个完整的句子，故判断此句是一个强调句,强调whenwewerereturninghome;强调句常用句型：It