山东省济南市2022-2023学年高三上学期1月期末检测（一模）英语

高三期末检测英语试题本试卷共10页，满分120分。考试用时100分钟。注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考号填写在答题卡规定的位置。2.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后﹐再选涂其他答案标号。3.非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置,不能写在试卷上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案;然后再写上新的答案;不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第一部分﹐阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASCHOOLSPONSORSHIPSponsorTeenInk'sfuturemagazinesforanyspecificschoolorregionthatisimportanttoyouandbringyourmessagetoalargeaudienceofstudents,parentsandteachers.Wewillprintyournameonthecoverofeachissueeverymonth.Call(617)964-6800fordetailsandcost.Howschoolsponsorshipworks:Youselecttheschools—asmanyasyouwant—toreceivefutureTeenInkmagazines.Yourcompany'snamewillappearonthecoverofeverymonthlyissuefortheschoolsyousponsor.Yourtotalcostforafullyearisonly$195perschoolfor30copiesamonth—that's300copiesperschoolyear.Advantagesforyourorganization:Yourmessagereachesalargeaudienceofstudents,parentsandteachers,whichtellsthemyoucareaboutteens,theirvoicesandtheireducation.Wecontacttheschoolsexplainingyoursponsorshipandyoursupportofteensinthecommunity.Weshipthemagazinesdirectlytotheschools.Thereisnoextraworkorexpenseforyou.Youwillbeworkingwithanorganizationthathas14-yearexperiencewithteens,schoolsandeducators.Advantagesforthestudentsyousponsor:Teensareconnectedwiththeirpeersnationwideataplacethatisspecificallytheirs.Studentshavetheopportunitytosubmittheirworkforpublishinginourmagazine,bookseriesandwebsite.Studentsgainimportantreading,writingandcommunicationskillsnecessaryforsuccessinschoolandtheworkplace.1.WhatwillmotivateacompanytosponsorTeenInk?A.Highprofit.B.Zerocost.C.Publicreputation.D.Specificmagazines.2.Whatbenefitcanthesponsoredstudentsget?A.Moreattentionfromthepublic.B.Greateraccesstobigcompanies.C.Agoodpriceforthemagazines.D.Achancetopublishtheirworks.3.Whoisthetextintendedfor?A.Experiencedteachers.B.Potentialsponsors.C.Brilliantstudents.D.Devotedparents.BMostteenagerskilltimeplayingvideogames,orsurfingTikTok.NotWilliamGadoury,a14-year-oldfromMatha,Quebec.WilliamGadouryhasbeencrazyabouttheMayansformostofhischildhood,eversincehisgrandparentsboughthimbooksaboutthecivilization.Whatstartedasahobbyatage12snowballedintoseriousresearch,andhetheorizedthatthelocationsofMayancitiesmightcorrespondtostarsinMayanconstellations(星座).Usingancientbooks,Gadouryanalyzed22MayanconstellationmapsandcoveredthepositionsontoGoogleEarthimagesoftheYucatanPeninsula,whichtothisdayishometolargelocalpopulationsandsomebest-preservedarchitecturefromMayanculture.HewouldtracktheconstellationsfromGoogleEarthusingspecialsheets,coveringthemontothepositionofMayancitiesonapapermap.Theteenwasabletoshowthat117Mayancitiesmatchedupwiththepositionofthestars,withthebrighteststarsrepresentingbiggercities.ButwhenGadourywasworkingonthe23rdMayanconstellation,hefoundaconflict:threestars,butonlytwoancientcitiesonGoogleEarth.ThethirdstarpointedtoalocationontheMexico-Belizeborder.However,theareawascoveredwiththickjungle,leavingGadourystuck.Luckily,heaskedNASAforimagesfromtheirRADARSAT-2satellite.Indeed,therewasasquare,man-made-lookingstructureintheheavyforest.Gadourythenlearnedafirehadsweptacrosstheregion,thinningoutthegrasscover.Hefoundimagesfromtheagency,andeventuallyconcludedthattherewasindeedacitythere.Gadoury'sfindingseventuallytookhimintothejunglein2022tosearchonfoot,alongwithscientistFranciscoBell.TheteamdiscoveredafarmingvillagedeepintheMexicanjungle,whichshowedthe“backbone”oftheMaya'slong-termsuccess,whichwasdowntotheirabilitytoworkthelandandsupportlargecities.4.WhatisGadoury'sfindingmainlyabout?A.ThevillagesintheMexicanjungle.B.TheimagesfromNASAsatellites.C.TheoriginsofMayanculture.D.ThelocationsofMayancities.5.HowdidGadourycarryouthisresearchaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Bytrackingthebest-preservedbuildingonmaps.B.Byanalyzing117Mayancitiesinancientbooks.C.Bycheckingstarmapsagainstsatelliteimages.D.ByupdatingtheGoogleEarthontheInternet.6.WhatmadeitdifficultforGadourytofindthethirdcityofthe23rdMayanstars?A.Athickforest.B.Aforestfire.C.Fundshortage.D.Badweather.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesGadoury?A.Cheerful.B.Intelligent.C.Ambitious.D.Sympathetic.CImagineanewsmartphoneproduct.Itworksthesameasanyothersmartphone,butwhendropped,thosecracksthatappearafteranannoyingfallslowlybegintofadeaway,andthephonemagicallyrepairsitself、AteamofresearchersledbychemistryprofessorTakuzoAidahavefoundawaytocreateself-repairingplasticsthatcanbeusedinsmartphones,carsandotherproducts.Buttheirnewplasticswon'tonlybeusedtocreateunbreakableproducts,butalsohelpthefightagainstgrowingwastesharmingtheplanet.91%ofplasticisnon-recyclableandfillingEarthwithwaste.Theincreasingplasticinlandfillsisagrowingconcernduetoitsnegativeenvironmentalimpact.In2019aboutonly9%ofplasticswererecycledglobally,leadingJapanesescientiststoseektofindplasticthatcanstartitsownformationorself-repair.Theself-repairingplasticsaremadebyaddingatinyamountofaspecializedsubstanceintoordinaryplastictoholdthemonomers(单体)togetherbyhydrogenbonds(氢键).Whenthenewplasticisbrokendownbyheat,insteadofburningtowaste,thehydrogenbondsmixandallowfortheformationofspecialshapedmonomerstocreateafoundationformoremonomerstolayeronandrebuilditself.Theteamfoundthattheirself-healingplasticwasabletoautomaticallyrepairatroomtemperatureoveranhourtoregainitsdurability.Theteam'sworksuggestsgreatprospectsforthefutureofplastic.“Thetechniquecouldleadtothedevelopmentofamade-to-lastplasticthatdoesnotneedtoberecycled,”leadprofessorAidasaidattheconference,“andcanonedaybeinproductsfromsmartphonestocarsandevenbuildings.”8.Whatisthespecialfeatureofthenewplastics?A.Hardtobreak.B.Cheaptoproduce.C.Goodtohealth.D.Easytorecycle.9.Whatdrovescientiststosearchforthenewplastics?A.Globalwarming.B.Industrialneeds.C.Economiccrisis.D.Greenawareness.10.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytellusaboutthenewplastic?A.Itssocialeffect.B.Itsmainfunction.C.Itsworkingprinciple.D.Itseconomicvalue.11.WhatisAida'sattitudetowardsthenewplastic?A.Doubtful.B.Favorable.C.Disapproving.D.Unconcerned.DRadiocarbondatinghasrevealedtwofake(伪造的)paintingsinFrance—probablythefirsttimethetechniquehasbeenusedinapoliceinvestigation.Thepaintingsweresupposedlyworksfromaroundtheearlytwentiethcentury.ButateamledbyscientistLucileBeckattheUniversityofParis-Saclaydatedthemtosometimewithinthepast70years.Theuseofradiocarbondatingisgainingpopularity,thankstoadvancesthatrequiresmallersamplesthaneverbefore.Removingtiniersamplesfromartworkisbecomingmorepalatabletomuseumsandownersofpaintings.Ifthereisachancethatapaintingisgenuine—andthereforevaluable—theydon'twantthecollectionoflargersamplestodamageit.Alllivingthingstakeincarbon,includingradioactivecarbon-14,fromtheatmosphereandfromfood.Whenaplantcommonlyusedtomakeoilpaintingclothdies,thecarbon-14thatitcontainedcontinuestofalloff.Radiocarbondatingmeasureswhat'slefttoestimatethetimethat'spassed,saysMariaelenaFedi,aphysicistattheNationalInstituteforNuclearPhysicsinFlorence,Italy.Atomic-bomb(原子弹)testing,whichbeganinthe1940sandtookoffinthe1950s,quicklyincreasedtheamountofcarbon-l4intheatmosphere.Carbon-l4peakedaround1964andwentdownafterapartialbanonnucleartests.Researcherscaneasilyidentifymaterialscontainingmodernbomb-producedradiocarbonbecausetheircarbon-14concentrationsarehigherthanpre-1950slevels.Beck'steamtesteditssamplestoseewhethertheyborethefeatureofthatbomb-producedradioactivecarbon-14.Thecanvasfiberfromthepaintingsclearlycontainedcarbonfromeitherthemid-1950soraftertheyear2000,theresearchersreported.Beckacknowledgedthat,ideally,theteamwoulddofurtherchemicalanalysistosupportitsfindings,buttheresearcherswerelimitedbythetighttime.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“palatable”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Impressive.B.Acceptable.C.Expensive.D.Difficult.13.Howdoesradiocarbondatingwork?A.Byanalyzingsamplesfromartwork.B.Byremovingthesmallersamples.C.Bymeasuringthecarbon-14left.D.Bytestingthecarboninthesample.14.Whatcanwelearnaboutatomic-bombtestinginParagraph4?A.Itproducesmorecarbon-14.B.Ithelpsidentifyfakepaintings.C.itreducescarbonconcentration.D.Ithasbeenstoppedcompletely.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.PaintingswaitingtobeidentifiedB.TwofakepaintingsfoundinFranceC.NewtechnologyinpaintingbecomesahitD.Radiocarbondatingprovesananti-fakehelper第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。16Itcanalsobethecustoms,traditions,andvaluessharedbygroupsofpeople.Onewaytothinkaboutheritageistobreakitdownintothreegroups.Thesearethetangible(有形的),thenatural,andtheintangible.17Itcanincludemanyhuman-madeobjectsthatholdculturalvalue.Someexamplesarenationalmonumentsandworksofart.Manyancientsitesarealsopartofthisgroup.Onasmallerscale,afamilyhomecanbepartofanindividual'sheritage.18Effortstoprotectnaturalheritagearekeyinmanycultures.Theintangiblegroupincludesanypartofculturalheritagethatyoucan'tfeelthroughtouch.Maybeyou'vereadaboutformsofdance,likeFlamencodancing.YoumightknowaboutthemusicofMariachiBandsorholidayslikeEid.Theseareallexamplesofintangibleheritage.19Exploringyourownheritagecanbefun.Itcanhelpyoulearnaboutyourself,yourfamily,andyourancestors.Butit'salsoimportanttolearnabouttheheritageofothers.20Itcanalsoleadyoutofindthingsyoumayhaveincommonwithothers!A.Theyaretreasuresthatcanbetouched.B.Whattangibleitemscanbepartofheritage?C.However,heritageisn'tlimitedtoconcreteobjects.D.Languages,holidaysandcustomsalsomakethelist.E.Therefore,it'sdifficulttoprotectthemfromfadingaway.F.Doingsocanhelpyoubuildastrongerunderstandingofothercultures.G.IthasbeenpartofculturalheritageinmanyAfricannationsforcenturies.第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwasastay-at-homedad,whichgavemeplentyoftimetocook.EversinceIwasakid,cookinghadbeenoneofmy.21.Mydadhadgivenmesomegreatadvice."Ifyou'regonnacook,”hebegan,“youmightaswellmakesureit'stasty.”Sowiththat22,I’dsetaboutmakingeachdishas23asIcould.Ifiguredthatifsomethinglookedand24goodthen,chanceswere,itwouldtastegreattoo.Oneday,IwasontheInternetwhenInoticedmybestfriend,Davehad25,avideoofhimcooking.Hewas26withTheFatheringProject,anon-profitorganizationthathelpedmenbethebestdadstheycould."We'realwayslookingforcontent,”hesaid."Canyou27yourvideoswithus?”Iwasmorethanhappyto28otherfatherstogetintothekitchen.SoIstartedto29videosofmycooking.Ialsogaveviewersplentyof30.“Thekitchencanbeaplaceto31withothers,”Itoldthem.Mysonanddaughterhelpedmewithwashingandcutting,butmostimportantly,weallshareda32witheachother,Myvideosgrewso33thatdadsaroundthecountryweresettingoutformysuggestions.It'sbeenanenormous34totransformmyenthusiasmintosomethingthat'shelpingothers.Ihopemyvideoswillkeepgivingdadsatasteofthe35cookingbringstoourlives.21.A.choicesC.passionsD.dreams22.A.evidenceB.philosophyC.permitD.warning23.A.largeB.simpleC.memorableD.expensive24.A.smeltB.soundedC.remainedD.felt25.A.reservedB.postedC.downloadedD.sold26.A.settledB.satisfiedC.comparedD.involved27.A.shareB.exchangeC.troubleD.confirm28.A.qualifyB.requireC.encourageD.persuade29.A.reviewB.filmC.watchD.select30.A.likesB.ordersC.requestsD.tips31.A.argueB.competeC.connectD.agree32.A.laughB.faithC.lessonD.discussion33.A.familiarB.popularC.wildD.visible34.A.chanceB.pleasureC.responsibilityD.task35.A.magicB.energyC.failD.effect第二节(共10小题;全科免费下载公众号《高中僧课堂》每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AlmosteverythinginspiredtheancestorsofChinesetocreatediversedecorativepatternsonobjectsrangingfromdailylifeneedstopureartworks.Theycarriedgoodandlucky36(mean)andwerepossessedofhighvalue,drivingnumerouspeopletoprotectthem.However,thehugenumberofthesedecorationsincreasesthedifficultyofconservationefforts.Fortunately,manyChineseartistshavebeenconsideringvariouswaystopassdownthisculture37thenextgeneration.HuangQingsui,38Zhuangethnicartdesigner,numbersamongtheseartists.Hestartedcollectingdecorativepatternsfromruralareasandrecordedtheminanonlinedatabasein2013thatnow39(contain)morethan20,000traditionaldecorations.Managingthedatabaseconsistsofthreesteps.Thefirstiscollectingthesetraditionalpatternsthroughvariouschannels,includinginvestigatingandvisitingplaceswherethesedecorationsmayhavebeenpasseddownor40(contact)museumsandexperts.Aftertrackingdownadecorativepattern,Huangandhisteamfakephotosand41(digital)reproducethepatternsoncomputer.Duringtheprocess,theyoftenneedtorestoredamagedpatterns,especially42itcomestodecorativepatternsonclothingbecausetheytendtobefadedormisshapen.Thelaststepinvolvescollectingthedataandcheckingandcorrectinganymistakes43mayhaveoccurredduringtheearliersteps.Thebeauty44(hold)intraditionalpatternshasinspiredChinesedesignerstofind45(they)ownstyleandemotionalbondsinsteadofjustcaringaboutfunctionandformwhendesigningtheirworks.第三部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)你校外教Frank受邀本周末在学校报告厅做报告。因特殊原因，学校将报告调整为线上举行。假如你是李华，请你给他写一封邮件，通知相关内容，要点如下:1.变更原因;2.变更后的时间和方式;3.表达歉意。注意:1.词数为80左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearFrank,Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Asanoldsayinggoes,wemakealivingbywhatweget,butmakealifebywhatwegive.Itrulybelievethatajobisdefinitelynotajobifyoulovewhatyouaredoing.Manyyearsago,Iworkedinanemploymentandinsuranceoffice,whichhelpspeoplefindjobs,applyforemploymentandinsurance,andreturntoschoolfortraining.Whatcouldbemorerewardingthantohelpsomeonefindajoborchangetheircareer?Ihavealwayssaidthatpeopleareattheirworstwhentheyareunemployedorsick.Imustadmitthatsomedayswerechallenging.ButIhaveoneamazingstorythatIwouldliketoshare.Oneday,aladycametotheofficewithadreamtobecomearegisterednurse.Accordingtomyclient,herfamilydidnotapprove.Shewasamotherwithyoungchildren,andherhusbandhadreturnedtoschoolfortraining.Itwasnoteconomicallypracticalforhertoreturntoschool.Itwasclearthatthisladyhadapassionforthenursingprofession,soIencouragedhertorealizeherdream.Iequippedherwiththeinformationnecessarytoapplyfornursingschool,andshelefttheoffice.Shewentonherway,andIneverknewwhethershefollowedherdreamornot.Manyyearslater,Iwasdiagnosed(诊断)withcancerofthestomachandwasadmittedtothehospitalforanoperation.ImustadmitIwasscared.Mymotherhaddiedofcanceratageforty.Ihadahusbandandtwobeautifulchildren.Iwasonlyforty-eightyearsold.Thesurgerywassuccessful.Itwas,however,verypainful.DaysflewsmoothlyasIrecoveredfromthepain.注意:1.续写词数应为150词左右﹔2.请按如下格式作答。Butonenightthepainbegangrowingstronger.“Youneverknowwhatimpactyourencouragingwordshadonme，"thenursesaid.第一部分阅读(共两节；每小题2.5分，满分50分)第一节A:1—3CDBB:4—7DCABC:8—11ADCBD:12—15BCAD第二节16—20CBGDF注意：每小题2.5分，凡是与答案不符者，不给分。第二部分语言运用(共两节;满分30分)第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）21—25CBCAB26—30DACBD31—35CABBA注意：每小题1分，凡是与答案不符者，不给分。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）36.meanings37.to38.a39.contains40.contacting41.digitally42.when43.that44.held45.their注意：1.每小题1.5分，单复数、词型不正确均不给分。2.如有其它形式，意义通顺，合乎上下文意义，可以给分Onepossibleversion:DearFrank,I’msorrytoinformyouthereportscheduledinthelecturehallthisweekendwillhavetobemadeonline.Giventhattheequipmentinthehallbrokedownanditneedsrepairing,wehavenochoicebuttorearrangeyourlecture.IwonderifitispossibleforyoutoconductaTencentconferenceorTintinconfe