中考英语-句型转换解题方法(课堂PPT)

中考—句型转换一、同义句转换（一）替代法1、同义词（短语）2、反义词（短语）3、短语替代从句（二）合并法1、并列连词2、从属连词3、直接引语变间接引语（三）转换法1、句型转换2、语态转换（四）综述法二、肯定句——否定句三、陈述句——一般疑问句四、陈述句——反义疑问句五、陈述句——感叹句六、对划线部分提问七、简单句——复合句复合句——简单句或并列句八、主动语态——被动语态九、直接引语——间接引语

1一、同义句转换（一）替代法

用同义词、同义短语或反义词、反义短语等来替代原句中的有关部分，使改写后的句子与原句意思相符。1、用同义词（短语）替代1）Myfatherandmotherarejudges.My

arejudges.2）Wehavefriendsallovertheworld.Wehavefriends

theworld.3）Wehadagoodtimeattheparty.We

attheparty.parentsthroughoutenjoyedourselves22、用反义词（短语）替代1）Don’tforgettolockthedoor.

tolockthedoor.2）Myradiodoesn’tworkwell.Something

myradio.3）Thingsweighheavierontheearththanonthemoon.Thingsare

onthemoonthanontheearth.3、用短语替代从句如果原句含有状语从句、宾语从句等，改写后的句子中可用介词短语或不定式短语等来替代。1）Whenhewastwelve,Edisonbeganworking.

the

twelve,Edisonbeganworking.2）Wecan’tfinishtheworkifyoudon’thelpus.Wecan’tfinishthework

yourhelp.RememberiswithwronglighterAtageofwithout3（二）合并法1、用并列连词将两个单词合并为一个新的复合句或单句，句子仍保持原意。常用的并列连词有both…and…,neither…nor…,notonly…butalso…,either…or…等。1）FranceisinEurope.SwedenisalsoinEurope.

France

SwedenareinEurope.2）Hecan’tsing.Hecan’tdance,either.Hecan

sing

dance.andBothneithernor42、用从属连词将两个单句合并为一个复句。常用的从属连词有so…that…,sothat…,not…until…,assoonas,if等。1）Themathsproblemwasverydifficult.Noonecouldworkitout.Themathsproblemwas

difficult

noonecouldworkitout.2）Theteachercamein.Andthenthestudentsstoppedtalking.

Thestudentsdid

stoptalking

theteachercamein.thatsonotuntil53、直接引语变间接引语也用合并法。如果直接引语是陈述句或疑问句，变为间接引语时则要用连词（if/whether是否）；如果直接引语为祈使句则变为间接引语为tell/ask/ordersb.(not)todosth.形式。1）“HaveyoueverbeentoChina?”JohnaskedJoan.JohnaskedJoan

she

beentoChina.2）“Don’tmakefacesinclass!”theteachersaidtothestudent.Theteachertoldthestudent

makefacesinclass.if/whetherhadnotto6（三）转换法

通过能够表示同一意义的不同句型、句式的转换来达到改写句子的目的。1、句型转换初中常见的几种转换句型有：sb.spendsometime/moneydoingsth.与Ittakessb.sometime/moneytodosth.的转换；too…to…与so…that…can’tdosth.的转换；too…to…与not…enoughtodosth.的转换。1)Ispenthalfanhourworkingoutthemathsproblem.It

mehalfanhour

workoutthemathsproblem.2)Shewastoofrightenedtosayaword.Shewas

frightened

shecouldnotsayaword.3)Heistooyoungtojointhearmy.Heisnot

tojointhearmy.tooktosothatoldenough72、语态的转换1)TominvitedMarytohavedinnerwithhim.Mary

byTomtohavedinnerwithhim.2)Shecouldn’tkeepbackhertearswhenTomtookhermodelplanesaway.Shecouldn’thelpcryingwhenherplanes

awaybyTom.（四）综述法通过在逻辑思维的基础上，对原句（一般是两个句子）的意思重新进行概括地表述。1)Tom’smotherisfifty.Jack’smotherisfifty,too.Jack’smotheris

old

Tom’s.2)XiaoMingwasbornin1991.Iwasbornin1992.XiaoMingisoneyear

I.wasinvitedweretakenasasolderthan8二、肯定句改否定句除了要正确使用谓语动词的否定形式外，还要将句中的some变为any，将something变为anything。1、Mrs.Kingdoesthecleaningafterwork.(否定)Mrs.King

thecleaningafterwork.2、Thereissomemilkintheglass.(否定)There

milkintheglass.There

milkintheglass.(not…any=no)3、Theoldmanrealizedthattoomuchsaltwasharmfultohealth.Theoldman

thattoomuchsaltwasharmfultohealth.doesn’tdoisn’tanyisnodidn’trealize9三、陈述句改一般疑问句要根据陈述句中的谓语动词及其时态形式确定其疑问式，同时还要注意将原句中的some改为any，将something改为anything。1、MyfatherwatchesTVeverynight.

yourfather

TVeverynight?2、Allanwenttothelibraryyesterday.

Allan

tothelibraryyesterday?3、Thisdresswillcosther90yuan.

thisdress

her90yuan?4、Heismygoodfriend.

he

goodfriend?5、Thereissomethingwrongwithmywatch.

there

wrongwith

watch?DoeswatchDidgoWillcostIsyourIsanythingyour10四、陈述句改反意疑问句除了遵循“陈述部分若为肯定式，疑问部分则用否定式；陈述部分若为否定式，疑问部分则用肯定式”的原则外，还要注意：当陈述部分含有little,few,no,nothing,never等否定意义时，疑问部分要用肯定式。1、Thecarhitthebigtreeyesterday,

?2、Melissagotabirthdaypresent,

?3、Let’shaveadiscussionaboutit,

?4、ShehasneverbeentoNewYork,

?wehassheshalldidn’tshedidn’tit11五、将陈述句变为感叹句先要确定用what还是how开头。如果强调部分的中心词是名词，就用what；若是形容词或者副词，则要用how。然后将所强调的部分移至what或how之后，要注意去掉修饰形容词或副词的副词。1、TheTVplayisreallywonderful.

theTVplayis!2、Itisexcitingnews.

newsitis!3、Sheisalovelygirl.

girlsheis!HowwonderfulWhatexcitingWhatalovely12六、对划线部分提问

“一定”、“二移（或加）”、“三变化”、“四删除”第一步“定”。就是根据划线部分的内容确定适当的疑问词。问时间用when或whattime；问地点用where；问人物用who(主格),whom(宾格),whose(所有格)；问做什么用what…do/does/did；问价钱用howmuch；问多少用howmany(可数名词)或howmuch(不可数名词)；问频率用howoften；问多长用howlong；问多远用howfar；问多久用howsoon；问年龄用howold；问原因用why；问选择哪一个用which。13第二步“移（或加）”。就是将句子的结构改为一般疑问句形式。如果谓语部分含有系动词be，助动词do、will、have或情态动词时，则将这一类动词移至句首（主谓颠倒）；如果谓语动词是行为动词（实意动词），则需要在主语前添加助动词do、does或did。第三步“变化”，即对句子中某些词作相应的变化。除了将谓语动词变为原形动词外，还要注意将原句中首单词的首字母改为小写，将句中的some变为any，将句号改为问号等。第四步“删除”，就是去掉被疑问词替换的划线部分的词。141、Icollecttoysbecausetheyarebeautiful.

youcollecttoys?2、TheEnglishteacheralwaysencourageshisstudentstolearnEnglishwell.

theEnglishteacheralwaysencouragehisstudentstodo?3、Theboyinblueismybrother.

isyourbrother?4、Henryhasstayedthereforthreeyears.

hasHenrystayedthere?5、HeisplayingbasketballwithMikenow.

ishe

now?HeisplayingbasketballwithMikenow.

ishe

basketballwithnow?WhydoWhatdoesWhichboyHowlongWhatdoingWhomplaying15七、简单句变复合句；复合句变简单句或并列句。既要注意句子的结构变化，又要注意不能改变句子的意思。要重视一些常用连词和动词的非谓语形式的用法。1、Mikeis14yearsold.Davidis12yearsold.Mikeis2years

David.2、Aretheremuseumsinthecity?Couldyoutellme?Couldyoutellme

there

museumsinthecity?olderthanifare163、Iborrowedabookfromthelibrary.Itwasnewlypublished.Thebook

Iborrowedfromthelibrary

newlypublished.4、ThepoorchildwassoluckythatshereceivedmanybooksfromProjectHope.Thepoorchildwas

toreceivemanybooksfromProjectHope.5、WangWeiaskedhisteacherhowhecouldplaytheviolinwell.WangWeiaskedhisteacher

playtheviolinwell.that/