电力系统潮流计算课程设计

课程设计电力系统潮流计算学院：电气工程学院班级：学号：姓名：电力系统潮流计算课程设计任务书一.题目原始资料1、系统图：两个发电厂分别通过变压器和输电线路与四个变电所相连。变电所1变电所2变电所3变电所4变电所1变电所2变电所3变电所435kV母线线路长为70km电厂一电厂二2、发电厂资料：母线1和2为发电厂高压母线，发电厂一总装机容量为（300MW），母线3为机压母线，机压母线上装机容量为（100MW）,最大负荷和最小负荷分别为40MW和20MW；发电厂二总装机容量为（200MW）。3、变电所资料：（一） 变电所1、2、3、4低压母线的电压等级分别为：10kV10kV35kV35kV（二） 变电所的负荷分别为：（4）50MW50MW60MW70MW（三）每个变电所的功率因数均为cos©=0.85；（四）变电所3和变电所4分别配有两台容量为75MVA的变压器，短路损耗414kW，短路电压（％）=16.7；变电所1和变电所2分别配有两台容量为63MVA的变压器，短路损耗为245kW，短路电压（％）=10.5；4、输电线路资料：发电厂和变电所之间的输电线路的电压等级及长度标于图中，单位长度的电阻为0.170，单位长度的电抗为0.4020，单位长度的电纳为2.78*10-6S。二、课程设计基本内容：对给定的网络查找潮流计算所需的各元件等值参数，画出等值电路图。输入各支路数据，各节点数据利用给定的程序进行在变电所在某一负荷情况下的潮流计算，并对计算结果进行分析。跟随变电所负荷按一定比例发生变化，进行潮流计算分析。1） 4个变电所的负荷同时以2%的比例增大；2） 4个变电所的负荷同时以2%的比例下降3） 1和4号变电所的负荷同时以2%的比例下降，而2和3号变电所的负荷同时以2%的比例上升；在不同的负荷情况下，分析潮流计算的结果，如果各母线电压不满足要求，进行电压的调整。（变电所低压母线电压10KV要求调整范围在9.5-10.5之间；电压35KV要求调整范围在35-36之间）轮流断开环网一回线，分析潮流的分布。利用DDRTS软件，进行绘制系统图进行上述各种情况潮流的分析，并进行结果的比较。最终形成课程设计成品说明书。三、课程设计成品基本要求：在读懂程序的基础上画出潮流计算基本流程图通过输入数据，进行潮流计算输出结果对不同的负荷变化，分析潮流分布，写出分析说明。对不同的负荷变化，进行潮流的调节控制，并说明调节控制的方法，并列表表示调节控制的参数变化。打印利用DDRTS进行潮流分析绘制的系统图，以及潮流分布图。

内容摘要本文运用MATLAB软件进行潮流计算，对给定题目进行分析计算，在应用DDRTS软件，构建系统图进行仿真，最终进行合理的系统潮流。潮流计算是电力系统最基本最常用的计算。根据系统给定的运行条件，网络接线及元件参数，通过潮流计算可以确定各母线的电压（幅值和相角），各支路流过的功率，整个系统的功率损耗。潮流计算是实现电力系统安全经济发供电的必要手段和重要工作环节。因此，潮流计算在电力系统的规划计算，生产运行，调度管理及科学计算中都有着广泛的应用。潮流计算在数学上是多元非线性方程组的求解问题，求解的方法有很多种，当系统相对简单，节点数相对较少时，我们可以通过手算获得各参数，但当系统网络较复杂时，想要通过手算各参数显然是不可能的，这就为计算机算法的出现提出了要求。牛顿—拉夫逊Newton-Raphson法是数学上解非线性方程组的有效方法，有较好的收敛性。运用电子计算机计算一般要完成以下几个步骤：建立数学模型，确定解算方法，制订计算流程，利用MATLAB编制计算程序。最后，应用DDRTS软件，构建系统图，对给定负荷重新进行分析，潮流计算后的结果也能满足相应的参数要求。关键词：牛顿-拉夫逊法 潮流计算关键词：牛顿-拉夫逊法 潮流计算MATLABDDRTS一、 牛顿—拉夫逊潮流计算法的步骤用牛顿法计算潮流时，有以下的步骤：（1） 给这各节点电压初始值e⑼,f（0）；（2） 将以上电压初始值代入公式，求修正方程的常数项向量AP（0）,AQ（o）,（AV2）（o）；（3） 将电压初始值在带入上述公式，求出修正方程中系数矩阵的各元素。（4） 解修正方程式Ae（o）,Af（o）；（5） 修正各节点电压e（i）=e⑼+Ae（o）,f⑴=f⑼+Af（o）；（6） 将e⑴，f（i）在带入方程式，求出AP（i）,AQ（i）,（AV2）（1）；（7） 检验是否收敛，即max{p（k）,AQ（k）K£ii如果收敛，迭代到此结束，进一步计算各线路潮流和平衡节点功二、 求解方法利用牛顿拉夫逊法进行求解，用MATLAB软件编程，可以求解系统潮流分布，根据题目的不同要求对参数进行调整，通过调节变压器变比和无功补偿功率求解出合理的潮流分布，最后利用DDRTS进行潮流分析，将两者进行比较。题目求解、程序对应的流程图二、依据题目要求及原始资料画出等值电路图Ht丄—LlHl-HiIIHi三、变电所负荷为题目所给数据进行求解1、线路参数：支路首端号支路末端号线路阻抗对地电纳920.28+0.66i0.1076i950.003+0.083i0910.025+0.058i0.0942260.003+0.083i0210.032+0.057i0.121i340.025+0.058i0.0942i370.0037+0.111i0310.018+0.042i0.269i3100.028+0.066i0.1076i480.0037+0.111i0

4100.032+0.075iO.il212、形成B1、B2矩阵根据所求参数以及B1矩阵的含义，列写B1矩阵如下B1=[920.28+0.066i0.1076i1 0；950.0031+0.083i01.050;910.025+0.058i0.0942i10;260.0031+0.083i01.050;210.032+0.075i0.121i10;340.025+0.058i0.0942i10;370.0037+0.111i01.050;310.018+0.042i0.269i10;3100.28+0.066i0.1076i10;480.0037+0.111i01.050;4100.032+0.075i0.121i10;];根据发电厂、变电所的容量及B2矩阵的含义，列写B2矩阵：B2=[301.051.0501;001002;001002;001002;00.50+0.31i1002;00.50+0.31i1002;00.60+0.37i1002;00.70+0.434i1002;001002;201.051.0503;]3、变压器低压侧电压标幺值的变化范围四个变电所对应的节点号依次是5、6、7、8.

变电所号1234节点号5678电压下限0.950.9511电压上限1.051.051.02851.02854、利用MATLAB程序运行的结果未调整时各节点的标幺值如下节点12345678910电压1.05001.01781.00340.99651.04571.03891.00360.98611.02411.050012345E7891012345E78910节点号 节点号10.50-0.5-1-1.51234567B91011由调压范围可知变电所4不满足情况。调节方法：通过改变变电所变压器变比或无功功率补偿来调整电压。

调节方法变电所1无功补偿变电所2无功补偿变电所3无功补偿变电所4无功补偿变电所1变比变电所2变比变电所3变比变电所4变比未调整00001.051.051.051.05调整后00001.051.051.051.077调整后的B1矩阵、数据及图：B1=[920.28+0.066i0.1076i1 0；950.0031+0.083i01.050;910.025+0.058i0.0942i10;260.0031+0.083i01.050;210.032+0.075i0.121i10;340.025+0.058i0.0942i10;370.0037+0.111i01.050;310.018+0.042i0.269i10;3100.28+0.066i0.1076i10;480.0037+0.111i01.0770;4100.032+0.075i0.121i10;];B2矩阵保持不变。调整后各节点的标幺值如下节点12345678910电压1.05001.01781.00340.99651.04571.03891.00361.01151.02411.0500图像如下：各支路的功率损耗如下表:功率损耗未调整调整后(9,2)支路0.0176302-11.2117i0.0176302-11.2117i(9,5)支路0.10818+2.8964i0.10818+2.8964i（9,1）支路0.78049-8.3217i0.78049-8.3217i(2,6)支路0.1096+2.9343i0.1096+2.9343i(2,1)支路0.86259-10.916i0.86259-10.916i(3,4)支路2.3582-3.9485i2.3582-3.9485i(3,7)支路0.20124+6.0373i0.20124+6.0373i(3,1)支路3.41261-20.4083i3.41261-20.4083i(3,10)支路11.5125-8.63479i11.5125-8.63479i(4,8)支路0.28457+8.5371i0.28457+8.5371i(4,10)支路7.8174+5.6441i7.8174+5.6441i各节点的功率S为(节点号从小到大排列)O95

O.圧1050d—号5占"210'1 12345678910O95

O.圧1050d—号5占"210'1 12345678910'1'51234567891D115051-oO-0.5746+1.6014i-0.0000-O.OOOOi-0.0000-0.0000i-0.0000-0.0000i-0.5000-0.3100i -0.5000-0.3100i-0.6000-0.3700i-0.7000-0.4340i0.0000-0.0000i 2.0000-0.5513i

调整后的具体潮流分布各条支路的首端功率Si各条支路的末端功率SjS(9,2)=2.4652-6.3679iS(2,9)=-2.4476-4.8438iS(9,5)=50.1082+33.8964iS(5,9)=-50-31iS(9,1)=-52.5734-27.5285iS(1,9)=53.3539+19.2068iS(2,6)=50.1096+33.9343iS(6,2)=-50-31iS(2,1)=-47.662-29.0905iS(1,2)=48.5246+18.1745iS(3,4)=-83.0508+46.2485iS(4,3)=85.409-50.1971iS(3,7)=60.2012+43.0373iS(7,3)=-60-37iS(3,1)=47.82618-143.1649iS(1,3)=-44.41357+122.7566iS(3,10)=-24.9766+53.8791iS(10,3)=36.4891-62.5139iS(4,8)=70.2846+51.9371iS(8,4)=-70-43.4iS(4,10)=-155.6935-1.740071iS(10,4)=163.5109+7.384212i四、4个变电所的负荷同时以2%的比例增大各变电所变化后功率的标幺值：变电所1: 0.51+0.3162i变电所2: 0.51+0.3162i变电所3: 0.612+0.3774i变电所4: 0.714+0.4427iBl矩阵不变，B2矩阵变为：

调节方法变电所1无功补偿变电所2无功补偿变电所3无功补偿变电所4无功补偿变电所1变比变电所2变比变电所3变比变电所4变比未调整00001.051.051.051.05调整后00001.051.051.051.077调整后的B1矩阵、数据及图：B1=[920.28+0.066i0.1076i10；950.0031+0.083i01.050;910.025+0.058i0.0942i10;260.0031+0.083i01.050;210.032+0.075i0.121i10;340.025+0.058i0.0942i10;370.0037+0.111i01.050;310.018+0.042i0.269i10;3100.28+0.066i0.1076i10;480.0037+0.111i01.0770;4100.032+0.075i0.121i10;];B2=[301.05B2=[301.051.05000100001000010000.51+0.3162i10000.51+0.3162i10000.612+0.3774i10000.714+0.4427i10000100201.051.050调节方法：1;2;2;2;2;2;2;2;2;3;]B2矩阵不变调整前后各节点的标幺值如下：节点电压12345678910未调整1.05001.01691.00280.99561.04431.03731.00180.98371.02341.0500调整后1.05001..01691.00280.99561.04431.03731.00181.00901.02341.0500由调压范围可知变电所4不满足情况。各支路的功率损耗如下表：功率损耗未调整调整后(9,2)支路0.0185012-11.1937i0.0185012-11.1937i(9,5)支路0.11285+3.0215i0.11285+3.0215i(9,1)支路0.81706-8.2299i0.81706-8.2299i(2,6)支路0.11438+3.0624i0.11438+3.0624i(2,1)支路0.903181-10.8098i0.903181-10.8098i(3,4)支路2.3002-4.0685i2.3002-4.0685i(3,7)支路0.21012+6.3036i0.21012+6.3036i(3,1)支路3.39598-20.4307i3.39598-20.4307i(3,10)支路11.3924-8.6565i11.3924-8.6565i(4,8)支路0.29754+8.9263i0.29754+8.9263i(4,10)支路7.8237+5.6702i7.8237+5.6702i各节点的功率S为(节点号从小到大排列)：0.6199+1.6224i-0.0000+0.0000i0.0000-0.0000i-0.0000-0.0000i-0.5100-0.3162i-0.5100-0.3162i-0.6120-0.3774i-0.7140-0.4427i0.0000-0.0000i2.0000-0.5340i

2i i i i i i i i i i 1i i i i i i i i i i12345678910 1234567891D11五、42i i i i i i i i i i 1i i i i i i i i i i12345678910 1234567891D11五、4个变电所的负荷同时以2%的比例减小;各条支路的首端功率Si各条支路的末端功率SjS(9,2)=2.5293-6.3574iS(2,9)=-2.5108-4.8363iS(9,5)=51.1129+34.6415iS(5,9)=-51-31.62iS(9,l)=-53.6421-28.2841iS(1,9)=54.4592+20.0542iS(2,6)=51.1144+34.6824iS(6,2)=-51-31.62iS(2,1)=-48.6036-29.8461iS(1,2)=49.5068+19.0363iS(3,4)=-81.6404+46.1307iS(4,3)=83.9406-50.1992iS(3,7)=61.4101+44.0436iS(7,3)=-61.2-37.74iS(3,1)=45.37611-143.5805iS(1,3)=-41.98012+123.1499iS(3,10)=-25.1458+53.4062iS(10,3)=36.5382-62.0627iS(4,8)=71.6975+53.1963iS(8,4)=-71.4-44.27iS(4,10)=-155.6381-2.997048iS(10,4)=163.4618+8.667289i图像如下:

节点12345678910电压1.05001.01871.00400.99741.04711.04051.00540.98851.02481.0500由调压范围可知变电所4不满足情况。调节方法：调节方法变电所1无功补偿变电所2无功补偿变电所3无功补偿变电所4无功补偿变电所1变比变电所2变比变电所3变比变电所4变比未调整00001.051.051.051.05调整后00001.051.051.051.077变电所1:0.49+0.3038i变电所1:0.49+0.3038i变电所2:0.49+0.3038i变电所3:0.588+0.3626i变电所4:0.686+0.4253iB1矩阵不变，B2矩阵变为：B2=[301.051.05000100001000010000.49+0.3038i10000.49+0.3038i10000.588+0.3626i10000.686+0.4253i10000100201.051.050未调整时各节点的标幺值如下各变电所变化后功率的标幺值：1;2;2;2;2;2;2;2;2;3;]调整后的B1矩阵、数据及图:B1丄93O484OB2杏>孑煨0.28+0.066i0」076ioo031+oooo3i0oo25+oo58ioo942ioo031+oooo3i0oo32+oo75i0」21ioo25+oo58ioo942i0.0037+pllli0ooloo+oo42i0.269io.28+oo66io.o76i0.0037+pllli0oo32+oo75i0」21i10；1050;1p1050;1p1p1.050;1p1p1.0770;10JlUr1.050011.018721.004030.997441.047151.040561.005471.0139OO1.024891.0500iO§3^O込Ch电压甫度电压标幺值节点逹入有功二 D 1 K)12345E7B90CT1OU1支路首端无功I I7^ ( O OU1 二 U1 O 口112IJLI45E7B里呂各支路的功率损耗如下表：功率损耗未调整调整后(9,2)支路0.0167858-11.2297i0.0167858-11.2297i(9,5)支路0.10362+2.7742i0.10362+2.7742i(9,1)支路0.7449-8.4112i0.7449_8.4112i(2,6)支路0.10493+2.8095i0.10493+2.8095i(2,1)支路0.823097-11.0197i0.823097-11.0197i(3,4)支路2.417-3.8266i2.417-3.8266i(3,7)支路0.19259+5.7778i0.19259+5.7778i(3,1)支路3.43175-20.38i3.43175-20.38i(3,10)支路11.633-8.61292i11.633-8.61292i(4,8)支路0.27196+8.1589i0.27196+8.1589i(4,10)支路7.812+5.6203i7.812+5.6203i调整后的具体潮流分布各条支路的首端功率Si各条支路的末端功率SjS(9,2)=2.4013-6.3781iS(2,9)=-2.3845-4.8515iS(9,5)=49.1036+33.1542iS(5,9)=-49-30.38iS(9,1)=-51.5049-26.7761iS(1,9)=52.2498+18.3649iS(2,6)=49.1049+33.1895iS(6,2)=-49-30.38iS(2,1)=-46.7204-28.3379iS(1,2)=47.5435+17.3182iS(3,4)=-84.4577+46.3697iS(4,3)=86.87467-50.19633iS(3,7)=58.9926+42.0378iS(7,3)=-58.8-36.26iS(3,1)=50.27346-142.7569iS(1,3)=-46.84171+122.3768iS(3,10)=-24.8084+54.3494iS(10,3)=36.4414-62.9623iS(4,8)=68.872+50.6889iS(8,4)=-68.6-42.53iS(4,10)=-155.7466-0.492552iS(10,4)=163.5586+6.112814i各节点的功率S为（节点号从小到大排列）:0.5295+1.5806i-0.4900-0.3038i-0.0000-0.0000i-0.0000+0.0000i-0.4900-0.3038i2.0000-0.5685i0.0000-0.0000i-0.5880-0.3626i-0.0000-0.0000i-0.6860-0.4253i六、1和4号变电所的负荷同时以2%的比例下降，而2和3号变电各变电所变化后功率的标幺值:变电所1:变电所2:变电所3:变电所4:0.49+0.3038i0.51+0.3162i0.612+0.3774i0.686+0.4253iB1矩阵不变，B2矩阵变为：B2=[301.051.05000100001000010000.49+0.3038i10000.51+0.31662i10000.612+0.3774i10000.686+0.4253i10000100201.051.050未调整时各节点的标幺值如下所的负荷同时以2%的比例上升；1;2;2;2;2;2;2;2;2;3;]节点12345678910电压1.05001.01711.00320.99701.04691.03751.00220.98801.02471.0500由调压范围可知变电所4不满足情况。调节方法：调节方法变电所1无功补偿变电所2无功补偿变电所3无功补偿变电所4无功补偿变电所1变比变电所2变比变电所3变比变电所4变比未调整00001.051.051.051.05调整后00001.051.051.051.077调整后的B1矩阵、数据及图：B1=[920.28+0.066i0.1076i10；950.0031+0.083i01.050;910.025+0.058i0.0942i10;260.0031+0.083i01.050;210.032+0.075i0.121i10;340.025+0.058i0.0942i10;370.0037+0.111i01.050;310.018+0.042i0.269i10;3100.28+0.066i0.1076i10;480.0037+0.111i01.0770;4100.032+0.075i0.121i10;];B2矩阵不变调整后各节点的标幺值如下节点12345678910电压1.05001.01711.00320.99701.04691.03751.00221.01341.02471.0500图像如下：056节点号It6节点号10O5O10'112345678910O1'51234567891D11505056节点号It6节点号10O5O10'112345678910O1'51234567891D11505n-□.功率损耗未调整调整后(9,2)支路0.0245492-11.2081i0.0245492-11.2081i(9,5)支路0.10365+2.7751i0.10365+2.7751i(9,1)支路0.75875-8.3776i0.75875-8.3776i(2,6)支路0.11434+3.0614i0.11434+3.0614i(2,1)支路0.890437-10.8415i0.890437-10.8415i(3,4)支路2.3949-3.8655i2.3949-3.8655i(3,7)支路0.20994+6.2983i0.20994+6.2983i(3,1)支路3.4421-20.3333i3.4421-20.3333i(3,10)支路11.5865-8.61485i11.5865-8.61485i(4,8)支路0.27225+8.1675i0.27225+8.1675i(4,10)支路7.7977+5.5923i7.7977+5.5923i调整后的具体潮流分布

各条支路的首端功率Si各条支路的末端功率SjS(9,2)=2.948-6.3661iS(2,9)=-2.9234-4.8419iS(9,5)=49.1036+33.1551iS(5,9)=-49-30.38iS(9,1)=-52.0516-26.789iS(1,9)=52.8103+18.4113iS(2,6)=51.1143+34.6814iS(6,2)=-51-31.62iS(2,1)=-48.1909-29.8395iS(1,2)=49.0814+18.998iS(3,4)=-84.2877+45.6256iS(4,3)=86.6826-49.4911iS(3,7)=61.4099+44.0383iS(7,3)=-61.2-37.74iS(3,1)=47.93872-143.718iS(1,3)=-44.49662+123.3847iS(3,10)=-25.061+54.0541iS(10,3)=36.6474-62.6689iS(4,8)=68.8723+50.6975iS(8,4)=-68.6-42.53iS(4,10)=-155.5549-1.206402iS(10,4)=163.3526+6.798688i各节点的功率S为(节点号从小到大排列)：0.5740+1.6079i-0.0000-0.0000i-0.0000-0.0000i-0.0000-0.0000i-0.4900-0.3038i-0.5100-0.3162i-0.6120-0.3774i-0.6860-0.4253i0.0000-0.0000i2.0000-0.5587i七、断开9、2节点之间一回线时的潮流计算B1=[950.0031+0.083i01.05 0;910.025+0.058i0.0942i10;260.0031+0.083i01.050;210.032+0.075i0.121i10;340.025+0.058i0.0942i10;370.0037+0.111i01.050;310.018+0.042i0.269i10;3100.28+0.066i0.1076i10;480.0037+0.111i01.050;4100.032+0.075i0.121i10;];

B2=[301.05B2=[301.051.05000100001000010000.50+0.31i100B1矩阵的支路数变为10，B2矩阵不变。1;2;2;2;2;TOC\o"1-5"\h\z0 0.50+0.31i 10 0.60+0.37i 10 0.70+0.434i 11 0 01.05 1.05 01 0 01.05 1.05 02;3;]未调整时各节点的标幺值如下节点12345678910电压1.05001.01331.00340.99651.04241.03391.00360.98611.02101.0500由调压范围可知变电所4不满足情况。调节方法：调节方法变电所1无功补偿变电所2无功补偿变电所3无功补偿变电所4无功补偿变电所1变比变电所2变比变电所3变比变电所4变比未调整00001.051.051.051.05调整后00001.051.051.051.077调整后的B1矩阵、数据及图：

B1=[950.0031+0.083i01.05 0;910.025+0.058i0.0942i10；260.0031+0.083i01.050；210.032+0.075i0.121i10；340.025+0.058i0.0942i10；370.0037+0.111i01.050；310.018+0.042i0.269i10；3100.28+0.066i0.1076i10；480.0037+0.111i01.0770；4100.032+0.075i0.121i10；］；B2矩阵不变调整后各节点的标幺值如下节点12345678910电压1.05001.01331.00340.99651.04241.03391.00361.01151.02101.05005节点号05J1-510 0 5节点号050J1I1012345678910桂烈V+41靠、FS5节点号05J1-510 0 5节点号050J1I1012345678910桂烈V+41靠、FS°'5监°耗-0.5脱-112345G7B910各支路的功率损耗如下表:功率损耗未调整调整后(9,5)支路0.10887+2.9148i0.10887+2.9148i(9,1)支路0.80386-8.2381i0.80386-8.2381i(2,6)支路0.11065+2.9625i0.11065+2.9625i(2,1)支路1.0227-10.4846i1.0227-10.4846i(3,4)支路2.3582-3.9485i2.3582-3.9485i(3,7)支路0.20124+6.0373i0.20124+6.0373i(3,1)支路3.41261-20.4083i3.41261-20.4083i(3,10)支路11.5125-8.63479i11.5125-8.63479i(4,8)支路0.28457+8.5371i0.28457+8.5371i(4,10)支路7.8174+5.6441i7.8174+5.6441i调整后的具体潮流分布各条支路的首端功率Si各条支路的末端功率SjS(9,5)=50.1089+33.9148iS(5,9)=-50-31iS(9,1)=-50.1089-33.9148iS(1,9)=50.9127+25.6767iS(2,6)=50.1106+33.9625iS(6,2)=-50-31iS(2,1)=-50.1106-33.9625iS(1,2)=51.1334+23.478iS(3,4)=-83.0508+46.2485iS(4,3)=85.409-50.1971iS(3,7)=60.2012+43.0373iS(7,3)=-60-37iS(3,1)=47.82618-143.1649iS(1,3)=-44.41357+122.7566iS(3,10)=-24.9766+53.8791iS(10,3)=36.4891-62.5139iS(4,8)=70.2846+51.9371iS(8,4)=-70-43.4iS(4,10)=-155.6935-1.740071iS(10,4)=163.5109+7.384212i各节点的功率S为（节点号从小到大排列）：0.5763+1.7191i0.0000-0.0000i-0.0000-0.0000i-0.0000-0.0000i

-0.5000-0.3100i-0.5000-0.3100i-0.6000-0.3700i-0.7000-0.4340i-0.0000-0.0000i2.0000-0.5513i八、断开9、1节点之间一回线时的潮流计算B1矩阵的支路数变为10，B2矩阵不变。B1=[920.28+0.066i0.1076i1 0；950.0031+0.083i01.050;260.0031+0.083i01.050;210.032+0.075i0.121i10;340.025+0.058i0.0942i10;370.0037+0.111i01.050;310.018+0.042i0.269i10;3100.28+0.066i0.1076i10;480.0037+0.111i01.050;4100.032+0.075i0.121i10;];未调整时各节点的标幺值如下节点12345678910电压1.05000.95861.00340.99650.72450.97461.00360.98610.73191.0500由调压范围可知变电所1、4不满足情况。调节方法：调节方法变电所1无功补偿变电所2无功补偿变电所3无功补偿变电所4无功补偿变电所1变比变电所2变比变电所3变比变电所4变比未调整00001.051.051.051.05调整后0.550001.1051.051.051.077调整后的B1、B2矩阵、数据及图：

B1=[920.28+0.066i0.1076i1 0；950.0031+0.083i01.1050;260.0031+0.083i01.050;210.032+0.075i0.121i10;340.025+0.058i0.0942i10;370.0037+0.111i01.050;310.018+0.042i0.269i10;3100.28+0.066i0.1076i10;480.0037+0.111i01.0770;4100.032+0.075i0.121i10;];B2=[301.051.0501;001002;001002;001002;00.50+0.31i100.552;00.50+0.31i1002;00.60+0.37i1002;00.70+0.434i1002;001002;201.051.0503;]调整后各节点的标幺值如下节点12345678910电压1.05001.00811.00340.99650.96121.02841.00361.01150.85411.0500图像如下：

0559O.-.yo.5.8o.2020■5节点号OOO1023456789105051---0559O.-.yo.5.8o.2020■5节点号OOO1023456789105051---oO-15O.0515-.O1■-12345673910功率损耗未调整调整后(9,2)支路19.2848-3.27989i11.2646-6.73704i(9,5)支路0.22538+6.0344i0.11851+3.173i(2,6)支路0.12452+3.334i0.11185+2.9947i(2,1)支路6.3454+2.6422i3.9205-3.6301i(3,4)支路2.3582-3.9485i2.3582-3.9485i(3,7)支路0.20124+6.0373i0.20124+6.0373i(3,1)支路3.41261-20.4083i3.41261-20.4083i(3,10)支路11.5125-8.63479i11.5125-8.63479i(4,8)支路0.28457+8.5371i0.28457+8.5371i(4,10)支路7.8174+5.6441i7.8174+5.6441i调整后的具体潮流分布

各条支路的首端功率Si各条支路的末端功率SjS(9,2)=-50.1185+16.6397iS(2,9)=61.3831-23.3767iS(9,5)=50.1185-16.6397iS(5,9)=-50+19.8127iS(2,6)=50.1118+33.9947iS(6,2)=-50-31iS(2,1)=-111.495-10.61794iS(1,2)=115.4154+6.987861iS(3,4)=-83.0508+46.2485iS(4,3)=85.409-50.1971iS(3,7)=60.2012+43.0373iS(7,3)=-60-37iS(3,1)=47.82618-143.1649iS(1,3)=-44.41357+122.7566iS(3,10)=-24.9766+53.8791iS(10,3)=36.4891-62.5139iS(4,8)=70.2846+51.9371iS(8,4)=-70-43.4iS(4,10)=-155.6935-1.740071iS(10,4)=163.5109+7.384212i各节点的功率S为(节点号从小到大排列)：0.7100+1.2974i0.0000-0.0000i0.0000+0.0000i0.0000-0.0000i-0.5000+0.1981i-0.5000-0.3100i-0.6000-0.3700i-0.7000-0.4340i-0.0000-0.0000i2.0000-0.5513i九、断开2、1节点之间一回线时的潮流计算B1矩阵的支路数变为10，B2矩阵不变。B1=[920.28+0.066i0.1076i1 0；950.0031+0.083i01.050;910.025+0.058i0.0942i10;260.0031+0.083i01.050;340.025+0.058i0.0942i10;370.0037+0.111i01.050;310.018+0.042i0.269i10;3100.28+0.066i0.1076i10;480.0037+0.111i01.050;4100.032+0.075i0.121i10;];

未调整时各节点的标幺值如下节点12345678910电压1.05000.76731.00340.99651.00030.76421.00360.98610.98221.0500由调压范围可知变电所2、4不满足情况。调节方法：调节方法变电所1无功补偿变电所2无功补偿变电所3无功补偿变电所4无功补偿变电所1变比变电所2变比变电所3变比变电所4变比未调整00001.051.051.051.05调整后00.50001.051.1051.051.077调整后的B1、B2矩阵、数据及图：B1=[920.28+0.066i0.1076i1 0；950.0031+0.083i01.050;910.025+0.058i0.0942i10;260.0031+0.083i01.1050;340.025+0.058i0.0942i10;370.0037+0.111i01.050;310.018+0.042i0.269i10;3100.28+0.066i0.1076i10;480.0037+0.111i01.0770;4100.032+0.075i0.121i10;];

B2=[301.051.0501;001002;001002;001002;00.50+0.31i1002;00.50+0.31i100.50 2;00.60+0.37i1002;00.70+0.434i1002;001002;201.051.050 3;]调整后各节点的标幺值如下节点12345678910电压1.05000.86101.00340.99651.03640.96431.00361.01151.01151.0500.05_yO.5_.yo.0.851.510.50-0.5-1□ 5节点号2010.5□-0.5.05_yO.5_.yo.0.851.510.50-0.5-1□ 5节点号2010.5□-0.5-1-1.5-2010 0 5节点号oooHI-1234567891012345678910各支路的功率损耗如下表:功率损耗未调整调整后(9,2)支路17.2442-4.29365i10.5114-7.05938i(9,5)支路0.11821+3.1651i0.11012+2.9484i(9,1)支路4.5695+0.86429i2.9944-3.1032i(2,6)支路0.20254+5.4228i0.11154+2.9864i(3,4)支路2.3582-3.9485i2.3582-3.9485i(3,7)支路0.20124+6.0373i0.20124+6.0373i(3,1)支路3.41261-20.4083i3.41261-20.4083i(3,10)支路11.5125-8.63479i11.5125-8.63479i(4,8)支路0.28457+8.5371i0.28457+8.5371i(4,10)支路7.8174+5.6441i7.8174+5.6441i调整后的具体潮流分布各条支路的首端功率Si各条支路的末端功率SjS(9,2)=60.623-19.5647iS(2,9)=-50.1115+12.5053iS(9,5)=50.1101+33.9484iS(5,9)=-50-31iS(9,1)=-110.7331-14.38372iS(1,9)=113.7275+11.28051iS(2,6)=50.1115-12.5053iS(6,2)=-50+15.4917iS(3,4)=-83.0508+46.2485iS(4,3)=85.409-50.1971iS(3,7)=60.2012+43.0373iS(7,3)=-60-37iS(3,1)=47.82618-143.1649iS(1,3)=-44.41357+122.7566iS(3,10)=-24.9766+53.8791iS(10,3)=36.4891-62.5139iS(4,8)=70.2846+51.9371iS(8,4)=-70-43.4iS(4,10)=-155.6935-1.740071iS(10,4)=163.5109+7.384212i各节点的功率S为(节点号从小到大排列)：0.6931+1.3404i0.0000+0.0000i-0.0000-0.0000i-0.0000+0.0000i-0.5000-0.3100i-0.5000+0.1549i-0.6000-0.3700i-0.7000-0.4340i

2.0000-0.5513i十、断开3、4节点之间一回线时的潮流计算Bl矩阵的支路数变为10,B2矩阵不变。B1=[920.28+0.066i0.1076i1 0；950.0031+0.083i01.050;910.025+0.058i0.0942i10;260.0031+0.083i01.050;210.032+0.075i0.121i10;370.0037+0.111i01.050;310.018+0.042i0.269i10;3100.28+0.066i0.1076i10;480.0037+0.111i01.050;4100.032+0.075i0.121i10;];未调整时各节点的标幺值如下节点12345678910电压1.05001.01780.95070.99181.04571.03890.94480.98081.02411.0500由调压范围可知变电所3、4不满足情况。调节方法：调节方法变电所1无功补偿变电所2无功补偿变电所3无功补偿变电所4无功补偿变电所1变比变电所2变比变电所3变比变电所4变比未调整00001.051.051.051.05调整后000.101.051.051.1051.077调整后的B1、B2矩阵、数据及图：

B1=[920.28+0.066i0.1076i1 0；950.0031+0.083i01.050;910.025+0.058i0.0942i10;260.0031+0.083i01.050;210.032+0.075i0.121i10;370.0037+0.111i01.1050;310.018+0.042i0.269i10;3100.28+0.066i0.1076i10;480.0037+0.111i01.0770;4100.032+0.075i0.121i10;];B2=[301.051.0501;001002;001002;001002;00.50+0.31i1002;00.50+0.31i1002;00.60+0.37i100.12;00.70+0.434i1002;001002;201.051.0503;]调整后各节点的标幺值如下节点12345678910电压1.05001.01780.95480.99181.04571.03891.01371.00601.02411.0500图像如下：smms>w着当步曲(4,10)支路^00M(3,10)支路1、丿MaM1MO)M1、丿MM2.298-7.235H*m2.298-7.235Hmr-j节点注入有功二O1 2」2345EFBCJZIOKJ支路首端无功电压标幺值o 电压箱度OgU154彷击O各条支路的首端功率Si各条支路的末端功率SjS(9,2)=2.4652-6.3679iS(2,9)=-2.4476-4.8438iS(9,5)=50.1082+33.8964iS(5,9)=-50-31iS(9,1)=-52.5734-27.5285iS(1,9)=53.3539+19.2068iS(2,6)=50.1096+33.9343iS(6,2)=-50-31iS(2,1)=-47.662-29.0905iS(1,2)=48.5246+18.1745iS(3,7)=60.1897+32.4148iS(7,3)=-60-26.7244iS(3,1)=-38.46406-211.7352iS(1,3)=46.61248+203.6579iS(3,10)=-21.72562+179.3203iS(10,3)=127.4143-165.2441iS(4,8)=70.2877+52.03iS(8,4)=-70-43.4iS(4,10)=-70.2877-52.03iS(10,4)=72.5857+44.7949i各节点的功率S为(节点号从小到大排列)：1.4849+2.4104i-0.0000-0.0000i-0.0000+0.0000i-0.0000+0.0000i-0.5000-0.3100i-0.5000-0.3100i-0.6000-0.2672i-0.7000-0.4340i-0.0000-0.0000i2.0000-1.2045i十一、断开3、10节点之间一回线时的潮流计算B1矩阵的支路数变为10,B2矩阵不变。B1=[920.28+0.066i0.1076i1 0；950.0031+0.083i01.050;910.025+0.058i0.0942i10;260.0031+0.083i01.050;210.032+0.075i0.121i10;340.025+0.058i0.0942i10;370.0037+0.111i01.050;310.018+0.042i0.269i10；480.0037+0.111i01.050;4100.032+0.075i0.121i10;];

未调整时各节点的标幺值如下节点12345678910电压1.05001.01781.01521.00051.04571.03891.01670.99061.02411.0500由调压范围可知变电所4不满足情况。调节方法：调节方法变电所1无功补偿变电所2无功补偿变电所3无功补偿变电所4无功补偿变电所1变比变电所2变比变电所3变比变电所4变比未调整00001.051.051.051.05调整后00001.051.051.051.077调整后的B1矩阵、数据及图：B1=[920.28+0.066i0.1076i10；950.0031+0.083i01.050;910.025+0.058i0.0942i10;260.0031+0.083i01.050;210.032+0.075i0.121i10;340.025+0.058i0.0942i10;370.0037+0.111i01.050;310.018+0.042i0.269i10；480.0037+0.111i01.050;4100.032+0.075i0.121i10;];B2矩阵不变调整后各节点的标幺值如下节点12345678910电压1.05001.01781.01521.00051.04571.03891.01671.01611.02411.0500图像如下：

节点号节点号123 5678910功率损耗未调整调整后(9,2)支路0.0176302-11.2117i0.0176302-11.2117i(9,5)支路0.10818+2.8964i0.10818+2.8964i(9,1)支路0.78049-8.3217i0.78049-8.3217i(2,6)支路0.1096+2.9343i0.1096+2.9343i(2,1)支路0.86259-10.916i0.86259-10.916i(3,4)支路4.7048+1.3458i4.7048+1.3458i(3,7)支路0.19611+5.8832i0.19611+5.8832i(3,1)支路2.42031-23.0433i2.42031-23.0433i(4,8)支路0.28197+8.4591i0.28197+8.4591i(4,10)支路11.6107+14.4861i11.6107+14.4861i调整后的具体潮流分布

各条支路的首端功率Si各条支路的末端功率SjS(9,2)=2.4652-6.3679iS(2,9)=-2.4476-4.8438iS(9,5)=50.1082+33.8964iS(5,9)=-50-31iS(9,l)=-52.5734-27.5285iS(1,9)=53.3539+19.2068iS(2,6)=50.1096+33.9343iS(6,2)=-50-31iS(2,1)=-47.662-29.0905iS(1,2)=48.5246+18.1745iS(3,4)=-113.4025+75.98943iS(4,3)=118.1073-74.6436iS(3,7)=60.1961+42.8832iS(7,3)=-60-37iS(3,1)=53.20637-118.8726iS(1,3)=-50.78606+95.82928iS(4,8)=70.282+51.8591iS(8,4)=-70-43.4iS(4,10)=-188.3893+22.78453iS(10,4)=200-8.298422i各节点的功率S为(节点号从小到大排列)：0.5109+1.3321i-0.0000-0.0000i-0.0000+0.0000i-0.0000+0.0000i-0.5000-0.3100i-0.5000-0.3100i-0.6000-0.3700i-0.7000-0.4340i0.0000-0.0000i2.0000-0.0830i十二、断开4、10节点之间一回线时的潮流计算B1矩阵的支路数变为10，B2矩阵不变。B1=[920.28+0.066i0.1076i1 0；950.0031+0.083i01.050;910.025+0.058i0.0942i10;260.0031+0.083i01.050;210.032+0.075i0.121i10;340.025+0.058i0.0942i10;370.0037+0.111i01.050;310.018+0.042i0.269i10;3100.28+0.066i0.1076i10;480.0037+0.111i01.050;];

未调整时各节点的标幺值如下节点12345678910电压1.05001.01780.87580.81511.04571.03890.86030.77701.02411.0500由调压范围可知变电所3、4不满足情况。调节方法：调节方法变电所1无功补偿变电所2无功补偿变电所3无功补偿变电所4无功补偿变电所1变比变电所2变比变电所3变比变电所4变比未调整00001.051.051.051.05调整后000.400.551.051.051.1051.105调整后的B1、B2矩阵、数据及图：B1=[920.28+0.066i0.1076i10；950.0031+0.083i01.050;910.025+0.058i0.0942i10;260.0031+0.083i01.050;210.032+0.075i0.121i10;340.025+0.058i0.0942i10;370.0037+0.111i01.1050;310.018+0.042i0.269i10;3100.28+0.066i0.1076i10;480.0037+0.111i01.1050;];

B2=[301.051.0501;001002;001002;001002;00.50+0.31i1002;00.50+0.31i1002;00.60+0.37i100.40 2;00.70+0.434i100.55 2;001002;201.051.050 3;]调整后各节点的标幺值如下节点12345678910电压1.05001.01780.92210.90811.04571.0389101911.01341.02411.05004020O20-60.2T—1-12345678910节点号 O.9

O.12345678910202-图像如下:4020O20-60.2T—1-12345678910节点号 O.9

O.12345678910202-各支路的功率损耗如下表:功率损耗未调整调整后(9,2)支路0.0176302-11.2117i0.0176302-11.2117i(9,5)支路0.10818+2.8964i0.10818+2.8964i(9,1)支路0.78049-8.3217i0.78049-8.3217i(2,6)支路0.1096+2.9343i0.1096+2.9343i(2,1)支路0.86259-10.916i0.86259-10.916i(3,4)支路2.966+0.13909i1.527-4.3458i(3,7)支路0.27387+8.216i0.15749+4.7246i(3,1)支路26.1982+35.984i14.3644+7.25266i(3,10)支路184.6661+33.47032i203.9369+37.56512i(4,8)支路0.458347+13.7504i0.2231+6.6929i调整后的具体潮流分布各条支路的首端功率Si各条支路的末端功率SjS(9,2)=2.4652-6.3679iS(2,9)=-2.4476-4.8438iS(9,5)=50.1082+33.8964iS(5,9)=-50-31iS(9,1)=-52.5734-27.5285iS(1,9)=53.3539+19.2068iS(2,6)=50.1096+33.9343iS(6,2)=-50-31iS(2,1)=-47.662-29.0905iS(1,2)=48.5246+18.1745iS(3,4)=71.7501-10.7332iS(4,3)=-70.2231+6.38737iS(3,7)=60.1575+0.178431iS(7,3)=-60+4.54617iS(3,1)=-135.8446-233.6908iS(1,3)=150.209+240.9435iS(3,10)=3.936944+244.2456iS(10,3)=200-206.6805iS(4,8)=70.2231-6.38737iS(8,4)=-70+13.0803i各节点的功率S为(节点号从小到大排列)：2.5209+2.7832i-0.0000-0.0000i0.0000+0.0000i0.0000-0.0000i-0.5000-0.3100i-0.5000-0.3100i-0.6000+0.0455i-0.7000+0.1308i-0.0000-0.0000i2.0000-2.0668iMATLAB运行结果分析：1、负荷变化后的各节点电压比较当四个变电所的的负荷增加2%时，发电机端口的注入功率增加，网络中需要传送的有功、无功都增加，由公式计算可得网络中的电压降落增大，故末端电压减小。当四个变电所的负荷减小2%时，发电机端口的注入的功率减小，网络中需要传送的有功、无功减小，网络中的电压降落减小，故末端电压增加。2、负荷变化后的各节点注入功率比较当四个变电所的负荷增加时，1、10节点的注入功率增加，使网络中的功率达到平衡。当四个变电所的负荷减小时，1、10节点的注入功率减小进而网络中的功率达到平衡。十三、调压措施1、调节升压变压器高压母线的电压当变电所低压母线上的电压较高时可以适当的降低发电厂高压母线的电压，当变电所低压母线上的电压较低时可以适当的升高发电厂高压母线的电，进而使变电所低压母线上的电压在所要求的范围内(10KV侧在0.95――1.05之间，35KV侧在1.00——1.0285之间)。2、 调节变电所降压变压器的变比一般变压器分接头有U(12*2.5%)。N3、 在变电所低压侧母线上并联电容器当变电所低压母线上的电压较低时，可以在变电所低压母线上适当的并联一定容量的电容器，由于电容器可以供给负荷一定容量的无功，故网络中传送的无功减小，从而线路上的电压降落减小，达到升高电压的目的。反之，当变电所低压母线上的电压较高时，可以退出一定容量的电容器，以达到降压的母的。注意：调压时，可以使用以上一种方法，也可以几种方法并用，最终使变电所低压侧电压在规定的范围内。十四、采用DDRTS进行潮流分析1、系统接线图2、不同负荷下系统的潮流分布图(1)原始数据分析节点电压12345678910MATLAB1.05001.01781.00340.99651.04571.03891.00361.01151.02411.0500DDRTS1.05001.06381.00771.00141.03061.03371.01831.02471.06741.0500(2)4个变电所的负荷同时以2%的比例增大节点电压12345678910MATLAB1.05001.01691.00280.99561.04431.03731.00181.00901.02341.0500DDRTS1.05001.06301.00711.00611.02311.03221.01671.02241.06071.0500(3)4个变电所的负荷同时以2%的比例减小节点电压12345678910MATLAB1.05001.01871.00400.99741.04711.04051.00541.01391.02481.0500DDRTS1.05001.06461.00821.00111.03911.03521.01091.02091.06151.0500

（4）1和4号变电所的负荷同时以2%的比例下降，而2和3号变电所的负荷同时以2%的比例上升节点电压12345678910matlab1.05001.01711.00320.99701.04691.03751.00221.01341.02471.0500ddrts1.05001.06361.00761.05711.03131.03281.01711.02661.06031.05005）断开9、2节点之间一回线节点电压12345678910MATLAB1.05001.01331.00340.99651.04241.03391.00361.01151.02101.0500DDRTS1.05001.03901.06771.05711.03151.00811.01831.02471.03641.0500有上述比较可观察到：应用ddrts仿真和matlab计算得到的结果大致相同,可以认为此潮流计算是正确的。原始数据的潮流分布图r-—當㈡二»Eros匸«»|百

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