2019外研社版高中英语必修一Unit 1 A new start 知识清单(教师版)

阅读单词认读facilityn.设施enginen.发动机,引擎insectn.昆虫butterflyn.蝴蝶postern.海报badmintonn.羽毛球draman.戏剧bandn.乐队,乐团photographyn.摄影inneradj.(想法或情感)未表达出来的,隐藏的,内心的dinosaurn.恐龙dolphinn.海豚rainbown.彩虹skateboardingn.滑板运动committeen.委员会ratev.对……作评估,评价重点单词识记senioradj.(地位、水平或级别)高的,高级的n.较年长的人campusn.校园momentn.某一时刻authorn.作者,作家panicn.惊恐,惊慌calmadj.镇静的,沉着的debatev.讨论,辩论gymn.体育馆,健身房pianon.钢琴stagen.舞台topicn.话题,论题gainv.获得,赢得schedulen.计划表,进度表,日程表awardn.奖,奖赏opportunityn.机会,时机subscribev.订阅(报纸或杂志)viewn.(一次)观看formeradj.从前的sightn.看到,看见figurev.认为,以为particularadj.特定的,特指的n.细节neatadj.好的,令人愉快的specificadj.具体的,特定的journaln.日记,日志junioradj.低年级的strugglev.奋斗,拼搏forwardadv.向前exchangev.意见、信息等交流核心词汇拓展curiousadj.好奇的→curiouslyadv.好奇地→curiosityn.好奇心;求知欲impressionn.印象,感想→impressvt.给……留下深刻的好印象→impressiveadj.令人印象深刻的traditionn.传统;风俗→traditionaladj.传统的eagernessn.热切,渴望→eageradj.渴望的;渴求的→eagerlyadv.热切地;渴望地explorev.考察,探险→explorationn.探险;探索;探测→explorern.探险家collectionn.作品集;收集物;收藏品→collectvt.收集;收藏organisev.组织→organisern.组织者→organisationn.组织→organisedadj.有组织的;有条理的;有秩序的breathev.呼吸→breathn.呼吸→breathlessadj.上气不接下气的challengen.挑战vt.向……挑战→challengingadj.有挑战性的pressuren.压力→pressv.按;压descriptionn.描述,描写,叙述,形容→describev.描述;描绘confidentadj.自信的→confidentlyadv.自信地→confidencen.自信心;信任arguev.争论,争辩→argumentn.争论,争辩sharpadj.锐利的;锋利的;敏锐的,聪明的→sharpenv.削尖;磨快;使尖锐;变锋利→sharplyadv.急剧地;鲜明地;严厉地intelligentadj.有智慧的,聪明的→intelligencen.智慧investigatev.查明,调查→investigationn.调查variousadj.各种各样的,各种不同的→varietyn.多样性,种类→varyv.变化;相异,不同volunteern.志愿者v.自愿做→voluntaryadj.自愿的;志愿的;无偿的applyv.申请→applicationn.申请→applicantn.申请者graduatev.毕业→graduationn.毕业frightenedadj.受惊的;害怕的→frightenvt.使惊吓;吓唬→frighteningadj.令人恐惧的selectv.挑选,选择→selectionn.挑选,选择;选拔memorisevt.记住→memoryn.记忆力;记忆→memorialn.纪念碑(或像等);纪念物;纪念品adj.纪念的;悼念的improvev.改进,改善→improvementn.进步performancen.(工作或活动中的)表现→performv.表现;表演→performern.表演者核心短语速记seniorhigh高中onebyone依次地,一个接一个地butterfliesinone’sstomach情绪紧张,心里发慌inpanic惊慌地goallout全力以赴,竭尽全力inparticular尤其,特别referto参考,查阅;提到,谈到lookforwardto(兴奋地)期待,盼望dependon依赖takepartin参加,参与abandonvt.放弃;抛弃;遗弃abnormaladj.反常的abolishvt.废除;废止abruptlyadv.突然地;意外地abstractn.摘要adj.抽象的absurdadj.荒谬的;可笑的abundantadj.大量的;充足的;丰富的acceleratevt.&vi.加快;加速accessibleadj.易接近的;易相处的accompanyvt.陪伴;伴奏accomplishvt.完成;实现accountn.账目;描述;解释IwaslookingatthephotosonthenoticeboardwhenIheardavoicebehindme.(bedoing...when...正在做……这时……)我正在浏览公告牌上的照片,身后忽然传来一个声音。Withbutterfliesinmystomach,Ibreatheddeeply.(with复合结构作状语)由于紧张,我深吸了一口气。It’safantasticopportunityfornewstudentstogettoknowtheschoolandtheotherstudents.(不定式作后置定语)这是新生了解学校和认识同学的绝佳机会。ButthenIfiguredI’dbetterjustgoalloutandseewhathappens.(what引导宾语从句)不过接着我就觉得,最好还是全力以赴考考看。There’salwaysawaytobepartofsomethingyoulove,isn’tthere？(therebe句型)对于自己热爱的事情,总是有办法参与其中,不是吗？Lookingbackonmyhighschoollife,themostimportantadviceI’dgiveisthesewonderfulwordsfromthewriterMayaAngelou.(非谓语动词作状语)回顾高中生活,我能给大家的最重要的建议就是作家玛雅·安吉罗的一句精彩名言。请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文,然后核对答案并背诵该短文。opportunity,explore,performance,confident,panic,pressure,curiousStudentsinSeniorOneare1.curiousabouteverythinginseniorhigh,whohavegreateagerness2.toexploreeverycorner.Theywillgraspevery3.opportunitytoleaveagoodimpressiononothers.Sometimestheyareundergreat4.pressure,especiallywhenfacingchallenges.Therefore,theyoftenexchangeideasandrefertotheirlifeinjuniorschool,figuringthatpastlifeisbetter.Gradually,theycalmdownandtakeanactivepartinvariousactivities,suchasbadminton,debatecontestsanddrama5.performances.Withabusyschedule,somestudentsbegintotakeupchallengesandbecomemore6.confident.Althoughsomestudentsarestillin7.panic,theyarereadytogoalloutandholdthebeliefthattheycanachievetheirdreamsintime.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇curiousadj.好奇的;稀奇古怪的(curiosityn.好奇心)becuriousaboutsth对……感到好奇becurioustodosth好奇地做某事;极想做某事withcuriosity好奇地outofcuriosity出于好奇Inseniorhighschool,Iwascuriousaboutthecomputerandbuiltmyfirstwebsite.TheprogrammeorganisedbytheStudentCouncilarousedmanystudents’curiosity(curious).“Whatifhedoesn’tcometomorrow？”thegirlaskedwithcuriosity.他很想有机会成为当地慈善机构的志愿者。Heiscurioustogettheopportunitytobeavolunteerofthelocalcharity.impressionn.印象;印记;影响;感想(impressv.使印象深刻;使铭记;使意识到impressiveadj.给人深刻印象的;感人的;令人钦佩的)leave/make/createa(n)...impressiononsb给某人留下一个……的印象impress...on...把……印在……上impresssthon/uponsb＝impresssbwithsth使某人铭记某事;给某人留下……印象beimpressedby/with...对……印象深刻Evenso,sheimpressedtheworldwithhercourageandstrongeagernesstosucceed.→Evenso,sheimpressedhercourageandstrongeagernesstosucceedon/upontheworld.Myfirstimpression(impress)ofhimwasthathewasakindandconfidentyoungman.Theteacherwasimpressedbyherperformanceintheexam.Herperformanceintheexamleft/made/createdanimpressionontheteacher.(impression)Whatimpressedtheteacherwasherperformanceintheexam.(用what引导的主语从句升级;impressv.)panicvi.&vt.(panicked;panicked;panicking)(使)惊慌n.惊恐,惊慌panicsbintodoingsth使某人仓皇行事getintoapanic陷入恐慌inpanic惊慌地;处在恐慌中Seeingsmokecomingoutoftheengine,manypeoplefledawayinpanic.简陷入恐慌,她的心如此剧烈跳动,她感觉快要窒息了。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)Janegotintoapanic,andherheartbeatsoviolentlythatshefeltnearlysuffocated.野狼的嚎叫吓得我尖叫起来。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)Theroarofthewildwolfpanickedmeintoscreaming.confidentadj.自信的;有把握的(confidencen.自信心)beconfidentabout/of(doing)sth对(做)某事有信心beconfidentthat...对……有信心have/show/loseconfidenceinsb对某人有/失去信心Toourrelief,thebravesailorneverlostconfidenceinhimselfandhewouldneverstopexploringtheunknownworld.Whateverchallengeswearefacedwith,wealwayshaveconfidence(confident)inourselves.努力工作,我相信我们最终会取得成功的。(应用文写作之演讲稿)Workhard,andI’mconfidentthatwewillsucceedintheend.(beconfidentthat)Workhard,andI’mconfidentabout/ofoursuccessintheend.(beconfidentabout/of)applyvt.涂;敷;搽;应用;运用;手压,脚踩;致力于vi.申请;请求;使用[applicationn.申请(书);应用applicantn.申请人]apply(tosb)forsth(向某人)申请某物applyto适用于applysthtosth把某物应用/涂抹于……applyoneselfto致力于/集中精力于……(to为介词)Heappliedalittleointmenttothewoundandthenappliedpressuretothebandage.Hewasoneofthe30applicants(apply)forthemanager’sposition,sohehadnoconfidenceinhimself.我写信向你申请你们在昨天的报纸上提供的职位。如果我被录用了,我会全身心地致力于我的工作。(应用文写作之申请信)I’mwritingtoapplytoyouforthepositionyouofferedinyesterday’snewspaper.Ifchosen,Iwillapplymyselftomywork.schedulen.计划表,进度表,日程表vt.安排;预定onschedule准时;按时间表aheadofschedule＝aheadoftime提前bescheduledtodosth预定/按计划要做某事Ifigurethatonlyifweworkextrahourscanwecompletetheprojectonscheduleorevenaheadofschedule.学生传统国画展览按计划要在5月15日至24日在图书馆二楼举行。(2021·浙江6月,应用文写作)Anexhibitionofstudents’traditionalChinesepaintingsisscheduledtobeheldonthesecondfloorofourlibraryfromMay15toMay24.exchangen.交换;交流vt.交换;交流;交易;兑换inexchangefor作为对……的交换exchangestudents交换生exchangeAforB用A来换取Bexchangesthwithsb和某人交换某物Thevolunteersofferedtopaintthekitcheninexchangeforaweek’saccommodation.Themembersintheorganisationexchangedideaswitheachotheronthetopicafterthesignificantmeeting.我真诚地邀请所有的交换生参加这个俱乐部,此俱乐部将组织各种各样的活动,如听讲座和练习中国书法。(2022·天津,书面表达)Isincerelyinvitealltheexchangestudentstojointheclub,whichwillorganisevariousactivities,suchaslisteningtolecturesandpracticingChinesecalligraphy.referto指的是;描述;提到,谈到;查阅,参考refer...to...把……提交给……;让(人)参考……referto...as...把……称作……referencebooks/materials参考书/参考资料TheyalwaysrefertomeasabookwormbecauseIamalwaysaddictedtoreading.Ifyoumeetwiththewordsyoudon’tknow,youcanrefertoadictionaryorturntoothersforhelp.(应用文写作之建议信)教科书和字典可以作为参考书籍,而杂志可以作为阅读材料。(话题作文之语言学习)Thetextbooksanddictionariescanbeusedasreferencebookswhilethemagazinescanserveasreadingmaterials.lookforwardto盼望;期待(to为介词)lookforward有时表示“向前看”,后面跟todo表示目的。在定语从句中常考查lookforwardto,其后的动词与to没有任何关系。Asagroupoffourwholikemusic,wearelookingforwardtosetting(set)upourownband.Thedaythattheexchangestudentshadbeenlookingforwardtocame(come)atlast.如果你能告诉我关于这次活动的更多信息,我将不胜感激。盼望你早日回复。(应用文写作之求助信)Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldtellmemoreinformationabouttheactivity.I’mlookingforwardtoyourearliestreply.bedoing...when...IwaslookingatthephotosonthenoticeboardwhenIheardavoicebehindme.我正在浏览公告牌上的照片,身后忽然传来一个声音。bedoing...when...正在做……这时……,when为并列连词,意为“此时,这时”,相当于andatthis/thattime。常用句型如下：beabouttodo...when...正要做……这时……beonthepointofdoing...when...正要做……这时……hadjustdone...when...刚做了……这时……Tomhadjustfallenasleepwhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.手里拿着罐子,我正匆忙上楼梯,突然我的一只光脚被楼梯绊住了。我失去了平衡,努力使自己稳定下来,但是没用。罐子从我的手指间滑落,摔在了坚硬的泥土地上。我刚要去捡起地上的碎片,就听到妈妈的声音传来,“发生了什么事？”(读后续写片段)Withthejarinmyhands,Iwaswalkingupstairsinahurrywhenoneofmybarefeetwascaughtononestair.Losingbalance,Itriedtosteadymyself,butinvain.Thejarslippingthroughmyfingers,itsmashedonthehard­as­rockmudfloor.Iwasabouttopickup/wasonthepointofpickingupthepieceswhenIheardmymom’svoice,“What’shappening？”(2022·浙江1月)Needlesstosay,Ididn’tlookforwardtoanentiretermofbeingbrushedoff,butItriedtomakethebestofitanddidn’tsayanythingforfearthatIwouldmakethingsworse.当然,我不希望整个学期都被人不理不睬地对待,以免让事情变得更糟,我什么也没说,只是尽力把课题做好。(2022·浙江1月)Travellingtoconferences,lectures,workshops,andthelike—frequentlybyplane—isviewedasimportantforscientiststogettogetherandexchangeinformation.经常乘飞机去参加会议、讲座、研讨会之类的活动,对于科学家聚集在一起交流信息来说是很重要的。(2022·全国乙)Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.Trytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoit.日程安排上都很繁忙,挤出时间给对方打电话都是件难事。尽量找个双方都有空的时间去打电话,并坚持下去。(2019·全国Ⅰ)Ifyouexerciseoutofdoors,yourbodywilllearntobreathemoredeeply,allowingevenmoreoxygentogettoyourmusclesandyourbrain.如果你在户外锻炼,你的身体就会学会深呼吸,从而让更多的氧气进入你的肌肉和大脑。(2021·北京)InoneEuropeanstudy,participantslistenedtomusicastheresearchersmonitoredtheirheartratesandbloodpressure.在欧洲的一项研究中,参与者听音乐时研究人员监测他们的心率和血压。提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍sharpA.adj.急剧的B.adj.敏锐的C.adj.锋利的D.adv.(…点)整E.adj.急转的;陡的F.adj.清晰的Shestaredatthedolphinwithhersharpbrighteyes.BTherehasbeenasharpdeclineinthedeathratebecauseoftheadvancedtechnology.AIwasapproachingafairlysharpbendthatsweptdownhilltotheleft.EThevolunteerswillgatherattheschoolgateat8:00sharpthismorning.(应用文写作之通知)DAllthefootmarksarequitesharpandclear.FShehadherfingercutbyasharpknifebyaccidentwhileshewascuttingpotatoes.CfigureA.身材；体形B.人物C.数字D.人影Itwillnotbelongbeforetheinflationfigurestartstofall.CSherealizedshelookedlikeachild,withhertinyfigure.(2020·天津)AThemovementissupportedbykeyfiguresinthethreemainpoliticalparties.BIsawafigureapproachinginthedarkness.DviewA.n.景色；风景B.n.视野C.n.观点；见解；看法D.vt.观看；看待Hisviewwasthatartshouldshocktheviewersandchallengetheirsenseofreality.CSplendidastheviewoftheEarthis,spacewalkingisnotasexcitingasyoumightthink.AYourfriendsalsoinfluencethewayyouviewyourphysicalappearance.DTherearesomanybeautifuloldbuildings—manysittingontopofbighills,offeringgreatviewsofthecity,theocean,andtheGoldenGateBridge.B快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思。IhaveneverexperiencedabettertimehereasagraduateofTsinghuaUniversity.毕业生ThelocaltheatregroupisstagingaproductionofHamlet.上演核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识Allexchangestudentsgatheredattheschoolgate,curioustoexplore(explore)thecampus.IwassofrightenedwhenIsawthefrighteningpolarbearwalktowardsusthatIcouldhardlystruggletomyfeet.(frighten)Youcan’timaginehowshefinishedtherelayracewithherfootwounded(wound)soseverely.Youmustmakeagoodimpression(impress)onthejudgesifyouwanttobeselected.Inhisjournal,heexpressedhiseagerness(eager)togaintheopportunitytogoabroad.Thoughmycousinisjuniortome,hisacademicperformanceissuperiortominealot.Inmyview,it’snousearguingwithhimabout/overthequestionforheissostubborn.Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.SomebeautifulTangFrescoesleftadeepimpressiononme,whichportrayedfigures(figure)vividlybyafewlines.(应用文写作之宣传稿)Especiallyinterestingismakingdumplings,whichIthinkisparticularly(particular)attractivetoyou.(应用文写作之邀请信)单句写作——应用文增分练(2022·全国甲)——“保护海洋”征文比赛很荣幸有机会和大家分享关于海洋保护的一些看法。(opportunity)It’smygreathonortohavetheopportunitytosharewithyoumyopinionsonoceanconservation.随着工业的快速发展,海洋污染日益严重。(with复合结构)Withtheindustrydevelopingrapidly,oceanpollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.我们都知道,海洋不仅为我们提供了足够的食物,而且还保持了自然界平衡。(notonly...butalso的倒装)Asweallknow,notonlydoesoceanofferussufficientfood,butalsoitmaintainsthebalanceofnature.所以我们每个人都要致力于保护海洋。(apply)Soeachofusshouldapplyourselvestoprotectingtheocean.我相信,只要我们每个人都对海洋保护做出贡献,海洋会更加干净美丽。(confident)I’mconfidentthataslongaseachofusmakesacontributiontotheoceanprotection,theoceanwillbecleanerandmorebeautiful.微型写作——续写提能练[教材续写语料]情感描写frightenedadj.受惊的;害怕的eageradj.渴望的→eagernessn.渴望butterfliesinone’sstomach情绪紧张,心里发慌panicn.惊恐calmadj.镇定的人物描写confidentadj.自信的;有把握的curiousadj.好奇的;求知欲强的sharpadj.聪明的,敏锐的[续写语料运用]请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇,完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。(改编自2022·1月浙江,读后续写)在等待结果时,我承受着巨大的压力。我非常害怕以致喉咙发紧,膝盖发软。我心里发慌,深深地吸了一口气。我试着让自己冷静下来。但我很想知道谁会是我的合作伙伴。在我听到宣布结果的那一时刻,我陷入了一种尴尬的境地。我的合作伙伴恰恰是我们班里我想逃避的那个家伙。Whilewaitingfortheresult,Iwasundergreatpressure.Iwassofrightenedthatmythroattightenedandmykneesfeltweak.Withbutterfliesinmystomach,Itookadeepbreath.Itriedtocalmmyself.ButIwascurioustoknowwhowouldbemypartner.ThemomentIheardtheannouncement,Igotintoanawkwardsituation.MypartnerwasjusttheguyinmyclasswhoIwantedtoavoid.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇。词形变化填空(每小题2分,共20分)Onseeingthefrighteningscene,thefrightenedlittlegirlwassofrightenedthatsheburstintotears.(frighten)Theapplicantswhofilledinapplicationformstoapplyforthejobgraduatedfromkeyuniversities.(apply)Thekind­heartedorganiserofthatsocialorganisationhasbeenorganisingseveralcharityactivitiesinthepastfewmonths.(organise)Thecourageousexplorershadexploredtheunfamiliarregionandtheirexplorationledtomanynewdiscoveries.(explore)Theirimpressiveperformanceleftadeepimpressiononme.Inotherwords,Iwasdeeplyimpressedbytheirperformance.(impress)Itisnormalforchildrentobecuriousabouteverything.Theywillaskmanyquestionscuriouslyandweshouldanswerthempatientlytomeettheircuriosity.(curious)Thedemandsofvariousconsumersaredifferent,sothesupermarketoffersavarietyofgoods.(various)Anargumentaboutwhetherpeopleshouldexploretheoceantookplacean