英语专业综合英语Unit6练习答案解析

./Unit6GiveMeLiberty,orGiveMeDeath课文I翻译1. 议长先生：我比任何人更钦佩刚刚在议会上发言的先生们的爱国主义精神和才干。但是,对同样的问题,智者见智,仁者见仁。因此,尽管我的观点与他们大相径庭,但是我仍要把自己的心里话一吐为快,并希望不要因此而被看做是对他们大不敬：现在不是讲客套的时候。摆在议会面前的问题关系到国家的存亡。我认为,这是关系到享受自由还是蒙受奴役的关键问题,而且正因为事关重大,我们的辩论就要做到各抒己见。只有这样,我们才能弄清事实的真相,才能不辜负上帝和祖国赋予我们的责任。在这种时刻,如果怕得罪人而闭口不言,我认为就是叛国,就是比对世上所有国君更为神圣的上帝的不忠行为。2. 议长先生,对希望抱有幻觉是人的天性。我们往往紧闭双眼不去正视痛苦的现实,而是倾听海妖蛊惑人心的歌声,让她把我们变成禽兽。在为自由而进行艰苦卓绝的斗争中,这难道是聪明人的所作所为吗？难道我们愿意为对获得拯救如此至关重要的事情视而不见,听而不闻吗？就我来说,无论精神上有多么痛苦,我仍愿意获悉全部的真相和最坏的事态,并为之做好充分准备。3.我只有一盏指路明灯,那就是经验之灯。除了过去的经验,我没有其他的方法去判断未来。依据过去的经验,我倒希望知道,十年来英国政府的所作所为,凭什么使得各位先生有理由满怀希望,并欣然用来安慰自己和议会呢？难道就是最近接受我们请愿时的那种狡诈的微笑吗？不要相信这种微笑,阁下,事实证明那是放置在您脚下的陷阱。不要被人家的亲吻把自己出卖了!请你们扪心自问,接受我们请愿时的和蔼亲善与遍布海陆疆域的大规模备战怎么会相称呢？难道出于对我们的爱护和和解,就有必要动用战舰和军队吗？难道我们流露过绝不和解的愿望,因此结果为了重新赢得我们的爱,而必须诉诸武力吗？我们不要再欺骗自己了,阁下,这些都是战争和征服的工具,是国王们采取的最后的辩解手段。4.我要请问先生们,阁下,这些战争的部署如果不是为了迫使我们俯首称臣,那又意味着什么？先生们能够指出还有其他的动机吗？难道在世界的这个地方,还有什么敌人值得大不列颠如此兴师动众,调集如此庞大的海陆军队吗？没有了,阁下,什么敌人也没有。他们完全是针对我们的,而不是别人。他们是派来给我们紧紧套上英国政府长期以来铸造的锁链的。5.我们用什么来抵抗呢？还要辩论吗？阁下,我们已经辩论了十年。难道对这个问题我们还有什么新鲜观点吗？什么也没有。我们已经把各个方面全考虑过了,但是一切都徒劳枉然。难道我们只得苦苦哀告,微言乞求吗？难道我们还能期望找到什么没有穷尽的说法吗？阁下,我恳求您,我们千万不要再自欺欺人了。6.阁下,为了躲避这场即将降临的风暴,一切该做的事情我们都已经做了。我们请愿过,我们抗议过,我们哀求过：我们曾拜倒在御座之前,恳求制止国会和内阁的残暴行径。我们的请愿遭到蔑视,我们的抗议招致格外的镇压和侮辱,我们的哀求被置之不理,我们被不以为然地从御座前一脚踢开了。全都枉然,事已至此,我们还能沉湎于愚蠢的希望之中吗？我们什么希望都没有余地了。假如我们希望获得自由,并维护我们长期以来为之献身的崇高权力,假如我们不愿意卑鄙地放弃我们多年来的斗争,不获全胜,绝不收兵,那么,我们必须战斗！我再重复一遍,我们必须战斗！我们只有诉诸武力,只有求助于千军万马之主的上帝。7.阁下,他们说我们太弱小了——无法抵挡这么强大的敌手。但是,我们什么时候才能更强大呢？是下周,还是明年？难道要等我们被彻底解除武装,家家户户都驻扎了英国士兵的时候吗？难道我们靠犹豫不决,无所作为来积聚力量吗？难道我们高枕而卧,抱有虚无缥缈的希望,等到敌人捆住了我们的手脚,就能找到有效抵抗敌人的良策吗？阁下,只要我们恰如其分地利用好自然之神恩赐给我们的力量,我们并不弱小。一旦300万人民在自己的国土上武装起来为了自由的神圣事业而战,那么敌人派遣来的任何武装力量都无法战胜我们。此外,我们并非孤军作战,公正的上帝主宰着各国的命运,他将号召朋友们为我们而战。阁下,战争的胜利并非只属于强者,它将属于那些机警、主动和勇敢的人们。何况我们已经别无选择。即使我们没有骨气,想退出战斗,也为时已晚。退路已被切断,除非甘愿蒙受屈辱和奴役。囚禁我们的锁链已经铸成,叮叮当当的镣铐声已经在波士顿平原上回荡,战争已经无可避免——让它来吧!我重复一遍,阁下,让它来吧！8.企图使事态得到缓和是徒劳的,阁下。各位先生可以高喊,"和平,和平"——但是根本没有和平。战争实际上已开始了！从北方刮来的风暴将把武器的铿锵的撞击声传到我们的耳中。我们的兄弟们已经上了战场！我们为什么还要站在这儿袖手旁观？先生们希望的是什么？他们会得到什么？难道生命就这么可贵,和平就这么甜美,竟值得以锁链和奴役做代价？全能的上帝啊,制止他们这样做吧！我不知道别人会如何行事：至于我,不自由,毋宁死！LanguageWorkI.Explaintheunderlinedpartineachsentenceinyourownwords.1>.Formyownpart,Iconsideritasnothinglessthanaquestionoffreedomorslavery.theverysamethingas2>.Andinproportiontothemagnitudeofthesubjectoughttobethefreedomofthedebate.appropriatelyinagreementwith3>.Wehaveheldthesubjectupineverylightofwhichitiscapable.consideredandtriedeverymeansinordertodealwiththesubject4>.…ifwemakeaproperuseofthosemeanswhichtheGodofnaturehathplacedinourpower.hasplacedatourdisposal5>.Threemillionsofpeople,armedintheholycauseofliberty,…withlibertyasourultimateaimtofightfor6>.Thebattle,sir,isnottothestrongalone.isnotdestinedtobewonbyII.Fillineachblankwithoneofthetwowordsfromeachpairintheirappropriateformsandnotethedifferenceofmeaningbetweenthem.solace consoleExplanation:Consolesuggeststheattempttomakeupforalossbyofferingsomethinginitsplace,aswellastheeffortofonepersontomitigatetheseriousgrieffeltbyanother.Solacemightsoundmorepreciousthancomfortanditsuggestsatenderintensityoffellow-feeling.1>.Shewasconsoledtothinkthatsheatleasthadanunderstandinghusbandtoturnto.2>.Thesoldiersattemptedtosolacehiswoundedcomradesbyminimizingtheextentoftheir3>.Theytriedtoconsolehimforlosingtheprizebytakinghimtothetheatre.4>.Theysolacedtheirwretchedness,however,byduetsaftersupper.petitionpleadExplanation:Bothwordsrefertoahumble,deferential,urgent,orformalrequestforhelp.Pleadsuggestsadignifiedhumility,stressinganurgency.Petitionsuggestsaformaladdresstoauthority,usuallyreferringtothebackingupofarequestbythesignedapprovalofothers.1>.Allthefourconvictspleadedguiltybutappealedforleniency.2>.Inthefaceofquestioningbythepolice,hepleadedignoranceofthebottleofwhitepowderinhissuitcase.3>.TheChurchofScotlandpetitionedthehomesecretaryforstrongercontrolsonadolescentdruguse.4>.Alldelegatestotheconventionwerepetitioningthegovernmenttotaketoughmeasuresagainstillegalcoal-mining.More…request:toaskforsomethingpolitely<notusedwiththeactualwordsspoken>.appeal:toaskstronglyforhelp,support,money,etc.beseech:toaskeagerlyandanxiouslyimplore:toasksomeoneinabeggingmannerforsth.ordoingsth.base<adj.>meanExplanation:Bothwordsarealikeindescribingpersonsoractionsregardedasbeingfarbelowcommonworthordignity.Meansuggestsacontemptiblesmallnessofmind,orapetty,ungenerousnature,whilebaseisusedtocondemnwhatisopenlyevil,selfish,dishonourableorotherwiseimmoral.1>.HeisthemeanestpersonIeverknow.Heisneverwillingtospendacentonotherpeople.2>.Raptonreachedthefinal;thatwasnomeanachievement,consideringall50classestookpartinthecompetition.3>.Thesoldierwasaccusedofbasecowardiceduringtheconfrontation.4>.Thecheatwasbaseenoughtoswindleasickwidowoutofherlife'ssavings.delusivemisleadingExplanation:Thetwowordsrefertothegivingorreceivingofmistakenimpressions.Misleadingisrestrictedtosomethingthatisapttogiveafalseimpression,anditcanalsoapplytogreatorsmallpotentialmisapprehensions,whetherfosteredintentionally,unintentionally,orwithoutanyintentwhatever.Delusivesuggestsmistakenimpressionsoraself-imposedbeliefthatcorrespondstoone'sownwishesorneeds.1>.Aterminallyillpatientusuallyhasadelusivefaithinawonderdrug.2>.Thereisnothingtrueaboutsuchanexpectation;itisonlydelusiveandvain.3>.Itwasamisleadingadvertisementthatdeliberatelyleftoutthedrug'ssideeffects.4>.Theambassadorreferredtothereportasdeceitfulandmisleading.III.Fillintheblankineachsentencewithawordorphrasetakenfromthebox,usingitsappropriateform.magnitude forge formidable snare temporal prostrate array anguishinvincible revere remonstrate subjugation1>.Hermannerisfriendlyandrelaxedandmuchlessformidablethansheappearsatherafter-gamepressconference.2>.Nothinghaseverequaledthemagnitudeandspeedwithwhichthehumanspeciesisalteringthephysicalandchemicalworldanddemolishingtheenvironment.3>.Whenheated,themixturebecomessoftandmalleableandcanbeformedbyvarioustechniquesintoavastarrayofshapesandsizes.4>.WhereIpartcompanywithhim,however,isoverthelinkheforgesbetweenscienceandliberalism.5>.Percywaslyingprostrate,hisarmsoutstretchedandhiseyesclosed.6>.Givendatawhicharefreefrombias,therearefurthersnarestoavoidinstatisticalwork.7>.Inpragmatics,thestudyofspeech,oneisabletoseehowspecificactsarerelatedtoatemporalandspatialcontext.8>.Hisdadmighthavebeenabletosaysomethingsolacing,hadhenotbeenfightingbackhisownfloodofanguish.IV.Makeasentenceofyourownforeachofthegivenwordswithmeaningsotherthanthoseusedinthetext.Youmaychangethepartofspeechofthesewords.1>.chainNomatterhowwe,mymumandI,protest,mydadchain-smokesaslongasheisawake.2>.termsThemeetingendedonreasonablyamicableterms.3>.slightThatdoesn'tinterestmeintheslightest.4>.plainItisplaintruththatwecan'taffordadeluxecar,sowehavetomakedowiththisoldgasguzzler.5>.entertainChildren'sprogramsonTVshouldaimtobotheducateandentertainatthesametime.6>.causeThecausesareablendoflocalandnationaltensions.V.Rewritethefollowingsentencesinsuchawayastoavoiddanglingnon-finiteclauses.1>.Hepaintedsowellthatheastonishedeveryoneofus.Hepaintedsowell,totheastonishmentofeveryoneofus.2>.Everyprecautionwastakensothattheplanmightnotfail.Everyprecautionwastakenagainstthefailureoftheplan.3>.IfithadnotbeenforJack,theywouldhavelostthefootballgame.ButforJack,theywouldhavelostthefootballgame.4>.Imustremindyouthatyouhavearesponsibilitytowardsyourchildren.Imustremindyouofyourresponsibilitytowardsyourchildren.5>.Thecommitteehasdecidedthatthemeetingbepostponed.Thecommitteehasdecidedonpostponingthemeeting.6>.NooneissorrythatPeterhasresigned.NooneissorryaboutPeter'sresignation.7>.Theywillnevergetthereunlesstheywalkalongway.Theywillnevergettherewithoutwalkingalongway.8>.WewereamusedthatyoumettheHarrisonsthere.WewereamusedatyourmeetingtheHarrisonsthere.9>.Thoughhehadanimmensefortune,hediedamostunhappyman.Forall/Despitehisimmensefortune,hediedamostunhappyman.10>.Clearevidenceshowedthatsmokingwasharmfultoone'shealth,butpeoplestillrefusedtobelievethat.Inspiteof/Despitetheclearevidenceshowingthatsmokingwasharmfultoone'shealth,peoplestillrefusedtobelieveit.Note: Aprepositionalphraseconsistsofaprepositionfollowedbyaprepositionalcomplement,whichischaracteristicallyanounphraseoraWh-clauseorV-ingclause.Aprepositionalphrasemaybeusedinplaceofanon-finiteclause,simplifyingthestructureofthesentence.TranslationI.TranslatingSentences1>.假如从不同的角度看这幅画,你会有更好的感觉。<light>Ifyoulookatthispaintinginadifferentlight,you'dfeelmuchbetteraboutit.inabad/new/different,etc.lightusedfortalkingaboutpeople'sopinionofaparticularpersonorthingseesomeone/somethingina...light:e.g.Itwasanincidentthatmademeseehiminacompletelydifferentlight.2>.这位客座演讲者将对同学们讲述我们社会和谐的重要性。<address>Theguestspeakerwilladdressthestudentsontheimportanceofharmonyinoursociety.addressv. tospeakpubliclytoagroupofpeople e.g. Throughouttheconversation,headdressedhisremarkstomyhusband.Theprinceshouldbeaddressedas"Sir"atalltimes.3>.紧张的工作使得人们不再有忧虑和愉悦的空闲。<room>Theintensityofworkleaveslittleroomforpersonalgriefandpleasure.roomn. thepossibilityforsomethingtoexistorhappen e.g. Thereisclearlyroomforimprovementinanumberofmanagementareas.There'snoroomfordoubtastowhodidthis.4>.真正的以学生为中心的教学应该让学生在课堂上畅所欲言。<freelyandwithoutreserve>Genuinelearner-centeredteachingletsstudentsspeakoutinclassfreelyandwithoutreserve.withoutreservea.freelyandopenly:soastogivecompleteinformation e.g. answeredwithoutreserveb.withoutqualification,condition,orrestriction;usually:withoutafixedminimumpriceorotherrestrictiontosale5>.同样重要的是,教师应该有幽默意识,这绝对是求不得的,而是自然的流露。<bindandrivet>Itisequallyimportanttobindandrivetontoteachersasenseofhumourwhichisnotbeseechedbutinsteadcomesoutnaturally.6>.他这个人总是言行不一,所以我当然对他的花言巧语不屑一顾。<spurn>Aswhathesaysneveragreeswithwhathedoes,Icertainlyspurnthefinewordshemouthstome.spurnv. torefusetoacceptsomething,dosomething,ordealwithsomething e.g.Asanarmyman,Ispurnfearlesslyatalldangerandtheenemy.Ispurnyouroffer.7>.对于反对意见,他非常豁达,与其寻求妥协,他更乐意接受他们的合理性。<dispose>Heisgenerouslydisposedtoadmitthevalidityofopposingviewsratherthanreconcilethem.disposedto likelytobehaveorthinkinaparticularway e.g. Hewasamanofgoodcharacterandwasnotdisposedtoviolence.8>.他似乎忠告我们对外语能力不要抱有迷惑的幻想：我们不可能学得到本族人那样的语言。<delusivephantom>Heseemstoadviseusnottohugthedelusivephantomofhopeforanative-likeforeignlanguageability.delusiveadj. havingthenatureofadelusion;false e.g. Adelusivefaithinawonderdrug.Everyoneknowsthatfairyislesaredelusiveandillusivethings.Stilleveryonewishestheywerereal.II.TranslatingPassageTranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.诸位毕业同学：你们现在要离开母校了,我没有什么礼物送你们,只好送你们一句话罢。这一句话是："不要抛弃学问。"以前的功课也许有一大部分是为了这张毕业文凭,不得已而做的,从今以后,你们可以依自己的心愿去自由研究了。趁现在年富力强,努力做一种专门学问。少年是一去不复返的,等到精力衰竭时,要做学问也来不及了。即为吃饭计学问决不会辜负人的。吃饭而不求学问,三年五年之后,你们都要被后来少年淘汰掉的。到那时再想做点学问来补救,恐怕已太晚了。参考译文：DearStudentsoftheGraduatingClass: Asyouareleavingyouralmamater,Ihavenothingtoofferyouasagiftexceptawordofadvice. Myadviceis,"Nevergiveupthepursuitoflearning."Youhaveperhapsfinishedyourcollegecoursesmostlyforobtainingthediploma,or,inotherwords,outofsheernecessity.However,fromnowonyouarefreetofollowyourownbentinthechoiceofstudies.Whileyouareintheprimeoflife,whynotdevoteyourselvestoaspecialfieldofstudy?Youthwillsoonbegonenevertoreturn.Anditwillbetoolateforyoutogointoscholarshipwheninyourdecliningyears.Knowledgewilldoyouagoodturnevenasameansofsubsistence.Ifyougiveupstudieswhileholdingajob,youwillinacoupleofyearshavehadyourselvesreplacedbyyoungerpeople.Itwillthenbetoolatetoremedythesituationbypickingupstudiesagain.TopicfordiscussionOnlybyrememberingthedayswhenourownnationwasoncesubjectedtooppressionanddeprivationoffreedomcanwerealizethatpeopleintheworldtodayarebynomeanswillingtotoleratethebullyingandabusesbyforeigninvaders.NowdiscusswithyourfellowstudentsPatrickHenry’sstatement:"Thebattleisnottothestrongalone,itistothevigilant,theactive,thebrave."Youmighttakeadvantageofthefollowingpointsinyourdiscussion： 1>AseriesofwarssuchastheGreatChineseWarofResistanceagainstJapaneseInvadersinthe1930s-1940s,theKoreanWarinthe1950s,thewarbetweentheU.S.andVietnaminthe1960s,etc.couldpossiblybeinstancestoillustratePatrick'sviewpoints. 2>TheU.S.isnowseekingtoestablishglobalhegemony.Youmayanalyzeitsintentionandconsequences,basedonthehostilityithasarousedthroughouttheworld,aswellasitslossesintermsofpolitics,theeconomy,andhumanlives.TipsfordiscussionOnlybyrememberingthedayswhenone’sownnationwasoncesubjectedtooppressionanddeprivationoffreedomcanwerealizethatpeopleintheworldtodayarebynomeanswillingtotoleratethebullyingandabusesbyforeigninvaders.IfyouagreewithPatrickHenryonhisstatement:"Thebattleisnottothestrongalone,itistothevigilant,theactive,thebrave,"youmighttakeadvantageofthefollowingpointsinyourdiscussion.1>AseriesofwarssuchastheGreatChineseWarofResistanceagainstJapaneseInvadersinthe1930s?0s,theKoreanWarinthe1950s,thewarbetweentheU.S.andVietnaminthe1960s,etc.couldpossiblybeinstancestoillustratePatrick'sviewpoints.

2>TheU.S.isnowseekingtoestablishglobalhegemony.Youmayanalyzeitsintentionandconsequences,basedonthehostilityithasarousedthroughouttheworld,aswellasitslossesintermsofpolitics,theeconomy,andhumanlives.ListeningExercisesI.Listenforthemainidea.Task:Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthespeaker’spurpose?ToelaboratesomecausesoftheAmericanCivilWar.TodelveintothedifferencesbetweentheNorthandtheSouth.TodiscusstheresultsandtragediesoftheAmericanCivilWar.ToclarifythereasonfortheSouth’swithdrawalfromtheUnion.Key:[A]II.Listenforthedetails.Whilelisteningtakenotesontheimportantpointssothatyoucanhaveenoughinformationtocompleteagap-fillingtask.Donotrefertotheadaptedversionuntilyouhaveheardthelecture.Pleasemakeuseofthefollowingnoteform.TheAmericanCivilWar 1.theworkingdefinition: 2.theaimofthewar:3.fourfactorscausingthewarwhichcanbetracedtothedifferencesbetweentheNorthandtheSouth:Task:accordingtothenotesyou’vetaken,filleachofthefollowinggapswithnomorethansixwords.InthislectureI’dliketodelveintosomecausesoftheAmericanCivilWar.ItsworkingdefinitionisanAmericancivilwarwhichwasfought<1>between1861and1865,andwasbroughtaboutwhen<2>11southstatesintheUnitedStatesdeterminedtowithdrawfromtheUnion,and<3>formanewgovernment.Thewaraimedat<4>preservingtheUnion.TherearefourfactorscausingthewarwhichcanbetracedtothedifferencesbetweentheNorthandtheSouth. One,theNorthfavored<5>ahightariffforitproducedmanufacturedgoodsthatwouldcompetewithEuropeanproducts,whereastheSouthproducedcottontocompetewiththatfromothercountriesby<6>favoringlowtariffstokeepcottoncostslow.Moreover,thefederalsubsidyand<7>governmentalregulationoftradewerefavoredbytheNorth,whiletheSouthgainedlittlefrom<8>federallysubsidizedbusinessofcentralizedgovernment.Two,troubleswereproducedby<9>bringingnewterritoriesintotheUnionasStates.TheSouthdemandednewslavestatesforland.ButtheNorthpreferred<10>freestatesinfearofamajorityof<11>pro-slaveryrepresentativesinthegovernment.Thetwosidesfailedtofindasolution. Three,asubtledistinctionbetweenthecityandthecountryexisted.TheSouththoughttheNorth’sindustryinurbanareas<12>ruineditscountrysidewithitspeopleinfectedwithgreed,andcontemptuousoftradition.TheruraltraditionrepresentedbytheSouthincludedrestrained,educatedleadership;<13>honest,localgovernmentandattentiontothe<14>individualneeds.Four,thewarcanalsobeblamedon<15>sectionalismandaninflexibilityoftheoldpartysystem,unableto<16>adjusttochangingtimes.ScriptoftheLectureTheAmericanCivilWarbyRussellM.HortonInthislectureI'dliketodelveintosomecausesoftheAmericanCivilWar.First,however,aworkingdefinitionisnecessary.TheCivilWar,foughtbetween1861and1865,wasbroughtaboutwhen11southstatesofthethen34statesintheUnitedStatesdecidedtowithdrawpoliticallyfromtheUnion,andformanewgovernment,calledtheConfederateStatesofAmerica.Itwas,essentiallyawaraimedatpreservingtheUnion.WecantracemanyofthefactorscausingthewartothedifferencesbetweentheNorthandtheSouth.First,sincetheNorthproducedmanufacturedgoodsthatwouldcompetewithEuropeanproducts,itfavoredahightariff.Conversely,sincetheSouthproducedcottonthathadtocompetewithcottonfromothercountriesontheworldmarket,itfavoredlowtariffstokeepcottoncostsattractivelylow.Further,toencouragetrade,theNorthfavoredfederalsubsidyoflandimprovementsandgovernmentalregulationoftrade.TheSouth,againinconflict,gainedlittlefromfederallysubsidizedbusinessofcentralizedgovernment.Second,themethodofbringingnewterritoriesintotheUnionasStatescausedtroubles.TheSouth,needingland,wantednewslavestates.TheNorth,takingamoralstandandfearfulofthecreationofamajorityofpro-slaveryrepresentativesinthegovernment,favoredtheadmissionofterritoriesasfreestates.Numerouscompromiseattemptsfailedtosolvetheproblem.Third,thereexistedasubtledistinctionbetweenthecityandthecountry.TotheSouth,theNorth,withexpandingurbanareas,representedtheevilsofmoderncivilization:itscountrysidewasruinedbyindustry,itspeopleinfectedwithgreed,contemptuousoftradition,andfilledwithcoarseness.TheConfederatesfelttheyrepresentedtheruraltradition:restrained,educatedleadership;honest,localgovernment;andattentiontotheindividualneeds.TheyfeltslaverytobemorehumanthantheoftenoppressivecheaplaborsystemoftheNorth.Fourth,sectionalfeelingswerereflectedinheightenedchaosingovernment.Onehistorianhasreferredtothepoliticiansofthateraasa"blunderinggeneration".Thetraditionalpartysystem,embroiledinthesectionalquestion,ceasedtofunction,leavingnonationalparties.Threeregionalpartiesappeared:theRepublicansinNewEnglandandtheMiddleWest;theoldDemocratsintheWest;andthenewDemocratsintheSouth.So,theelectionitselfconstitutedabreakdowninthedemocratictradition.Thus,thewarcanalsobeblamedonsectionalismandaninflexibilityoftheoldpartysystem,unabletoadjusttochangingtimes.TextIIIHAVEADREAMMartinLutherKingJr.QuestionsforDiscussion1>.WhatdoesKingimplywhenhespeaksof"themanaclesofsegregationandthechainsofdiscrimination"?HecomparesthesegregationanddiscriminationunderwhichtheNegropeoplelivetothemanaclesandchainsonceusedonslaves.HedefiestheracialandpoliticalboundariesofAmerica.ThroughouthisspeechKingmakesextensiveuseofsimilesandmetaphorstoaddvividnessandvitalitytohisspeech.2>.Whatisthe"promissorynote"towhichKingrefers?Whatdiditguarantee?Literally,apromissorynoteisawrittenpromisetopayasumofmoneyatafuturetime.Hereitmetaphoricallyrefe