基本的三个时态和语态+学案 初升高衔接英语

初高衔接：基本时态和语态Ⅰ一般现在时的构成与用法构成：翻译下列句子并归纳：当谓语是be动词时,即为____________；当谓语是行为动词时,主动_______________；被动_____________。Iamastudent.WeoftenwatchTVattheweekends.

Wedon'twatchTVattheweekends.

JimusuallygoestotheparkonSundays.Jimdoesn'tgo

totheparkonSundays.意义：表_________________的动作和现在的状态、特征。句中常用often,usually,everyday,always,sometimes等时间状语连用。He_______(go)toschooleveryday表按时间表、节目单、计划、规定要发生的动作，（句中都有时间状语）但限于少数动词。如begin,come,leave,go,arrive,start,stop,return,open,close等表示____________的动词。常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。（主语往往是_________）Thetrain_______(start)atnineinthemorning.TheplanetoBeijing________(leave)at9:30.表示___________________Themoon______(move)aroundtheearth.在状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，即_______原则。Ifyou_______(come)tonight,we’llhaveameeting.练习：A.写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。wash_________match_______guess______study______finish______go________snow______carry_________see________drive______teach______catch______B.

用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1)Heoften______(have)dinnerathome.

2)DanielandTommy______(be)inClassOneatpresent.3)We______(notwatch)TVonMondays.

4)Ifit_____(rain)tomorrow,thesportsmeetingwillbeputoff(推迟).

5)Everyone______(have)differenthobbies.6)ThetraintoShanghai______(leave)at10p.m.

Ⅱ一般过去时的构成与用法构成翻译并归纳：结构：主动_______________被动_____________1)Iwenttobedatelevenlastnight.

2)IwasalittleshywhenIwasakid.3)Thebagwasfoundyesterday.用法及意义：表___________发生的动作或存在的状态，常和ago,justnow,aweekago,yesterday,in1998,inthosedays,thedaybeforeyesterday(前天),last(night/week...),atthattime,____________(几天前)等表示过去的时间状语连用。He_______(see)Mr.Liyesterday.He________(work)inafactoryin1986.3.动词过去式的构成规律1)规则动词的过去式情况规则例词一般情况加-edpacked,listen--_______以辅音字母加y结尾的动词变y为i,再加edcarry-carried,study-_____,try-______,fly-______以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词双写辅音字母，再加-edplan-planned,stop-_______,admit(承认)--_______以不发音的e结尾的动词直接加-dhate-hated,like-_______不规则动词变化见高中教材每本书后的附录。4.练习A.写出下列词的过去式1.buy_____

2.go_____

3.stay_____

4.study______

5.am/are______6.do______7.don’t______

8.taste______

9.have/has____10.visit_____B.填空.1.Timhadwaitedinfrontofthecinemaforhalfanhour,butTom_______(notcome).2.Thevolleyballgamewasgreat!We______(have)somuchfun.

I______(be)onvacationlastmonth.4.Thefarmers_____(kill)somepigsafewdaysbeforethefestival.

5.Jack______(seem)tobebusylastweekend.

6.I______(start)tolearnRussianbymyselfwhenIwastwelve.

7.He______(feel)boredathome,sohewenttotheparkwithhisfriends.

8.—Where______(do)yougoonvacation?—I______(go)tothebeach.

9.Didyou______(go)withanyone?10.Mary______(finish)herhomeworkverylatelastnight.

Ⅲ现在完成时的构成和用法构成翻译并归纳：基本结构：主动_______________被动_____________1)Thecountrysidehaschangedalotinthepastfewyears.2)

Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.3)Thelighthasjustbeenturnedoff.

意义：1.表示_________________某个动作对现在产生的影响或造成的后果，强调的是这个结果或影响。常用的时间状语有already,just,yet,never,1)Theconcert__________(start)already.2)He_________(notturn)offthelightyet.表示开始于________，持续到________的动作或状态（也许还将延续到将来，这种用法同现在完成进行时）。常用的时间状语有lately,recently,inthelast/pastfewdays/years,sincethen,uptonow,sofar。He_______(learn)Frenchfor5years.I_________(study)Englishveryhardinthelastthreeyears.练习：用括号内单词的正确形式填空.1)IlikeHainan.Sofar,I________(go)therethreetimes.

2)WecametoNanjingthreeyearsago,sowe________(be)hereforthreeyears.3)I__________(work)heresinceI______(move)herein1999.4)Thebook_____________(sell)out(卖光)uptonow.5)I____already____(see)thefilm.I________(see)itlastweek.6)_____he____(finish)hisworktoday?Notyet.7)Myfather____just____(come)backfromwork.Heistirednow.8)SofarI_______________(make)quiteafewfriendshere.Ⅳ一般过去时与现在完成时的区别一般过去时所表示的___________是具体确定的，与其他时间没有牵连。而现在完成时表示事情发生在_________，它所表示的事情与现在的情况有关系，强调过去的事情对现在产生的影响或结果。I_________(teach)intheschoolin2002.I__________(teach)intheschoolsince2002.V.被动语态的构成与用法1.构成：1)被动语态由be+________构成，时态通过be表现出来。如：1)Theclassroomwascleanedyesterday.2）Theclassroomhasbeencleanedbynow.2)“get+过去分词”也可以表示被动，该结构比较口语化，如：1)Shegotmarriedlastweek.2)Hefelloffthecarandgotinjuredintheaccident.2.用法1)不知道谁是动作的___________，或没有必要指明谁是动作的____________。(1)Thistable__________(make)ofstone.(2)Thistable_________(make)ofstone4hundredyearsago.(3)Tablescan_________(make)ofstone.(4)—Thewindowisdirty.—Iknow.It_____________(notclean)forweeks.2)需要更突出或强调动作的_______________。(1)Yourplan______________(consider)tobethebest.(2)Alltheemployeesexceptthemanager__________(encourage)toworkonlineathome.(3)Theory(理论)must_____________(combine结合)withpractice.Ⅵ时态综合练习YesterdayMom________(give)mesomemoneytobuyadictionary.—Let'sgoforawalk.—ButI________(notfinish)myworkyet.3.

—Whereisyouruncle?I_________(notsee)himforalongtime.4.MrBlackoften_____(go)fishingonSundays.5.

Iwilltellhimthenewsassoonashe_____(come)back.

6.We'llgotoplaywithsnowifit______(snow)tomorrow.7.NeitherInorhe______(speak)French.8.TheYoungPioneer_____(take)waterfortheoldmaneveryday.9.

Myteachertoldmethatthemoon_______(travel)aroundthesun.10.Theplan______________(discuss)forseveralmonth.11.Theplan___________(discuss)severalmontha