黑龙江省大庆市肇源县2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷含解析

第第页黑龙江省大庆市肇源县2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷（含解析）黑龙江省大庆市肇源县2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷（五四学制）（解析版）

第二部分笔试第一节选择题II.ReadingComprehensionChoosethebestansweraccordingtothepassageyouread.

14．（6分）

WHOISYOURROLEMODEL？

WHY？

MyrolemodelismyneighborMs.Li.Sheisinhereightiesnowbutsheisstillyoungatheart.Ioftenseeherridingherbikeintheparkandshealsospendstimedoingvolunteerwork.Shehelpsmeunderstandthatpeoplewon'tbeoldiftheystillhaveagreatloveforlife.AdamImissMrs.Whitemostafterprimaryschool.Shewasourmathteacherandalwayspatientwithus.Shehelpedustoworkouttheanswersourselves，nomatterhowdifficultthequestionswereSoMrs.Whiteismyrolemodel，andIwanttobeateacherlikeherinthefuture.Betty

NormanBethunewasaCanadiandoctor.In1938，Dr.BethunecametoChinaandhelpedtreatthewounded.Heoftenworkedveryhardwithoutresting.Once，hemanagedtosaveoveronehundredlivesinsixty﹣ninehours.HeisstillrememberedinbothChinaandCanadatoday.Soheismyrolemodel.PeterYuanLongpingismyrolemodel.Heisoneofthegreatestagricultural（农业的）scientistsofourtime.Heworkedhardtogrowbetterricetosolvetheproblemsoffoodshortage.ItissadthatMr.Yuanhasleftus，buthisdreamsarecarriedbymanyplantandagriculturalresearches.Emma

（1）WhoisEmma'srolemodel？

A.Ms.Li.

B.Mrs.White.

C.NormanBethune.

D.YuanLongping.

（2）WhatdoesBettywanttobeinthefuture？

A.Ateacher.

B.Ascientist.

C.Adoctor.

D.Avolunteer.

（3）WhatdoweknowaboutMs.Li？

A.Sheworkedinahospital.

B.Shesolvedthefoodproblems.

C.Sheisoldinagebutyoungatheart.

D.Sheisverypatientwithherstudents.

15．（8分）InmuchofAsia，especiallytheso﹣called"ricebowl"culturesofChina，Japan，Korea，andVietnam，foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks．

Chopsticksaretwolong，thinpiecesofwood．Bambooisthemostcommonmaterial，buttheyarealsobemadeofallkindsofwood，aswellasplastic，animalbone，metalandsoon．

DuringtheMiddleAges，peopleoftenusedsilverchopstickssinceitwasthoughtthatsilverwouldturncolourifitcameintosomepoison（毒药）．

Achild'splasticchopsticksmighthaveacartooncharacter，suchasMickeyMouse．Somemightfindnewlifeasalightweight，easy﹣to﹣cleanpairofchopsticks．

"Forkchops"arechopsticksforsomeWesterners．Andtheyputchopsticksatoneendandforksandknivesattheother，incasetheusercan'tmanageduringthemeal．

TheChinesehavebeenusingchopsticksforfivethousandyears．Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots，usingstickstoremoveit．Later，aspopulationgrew，peoplebeganchoppingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly．Smallpiecesoffoodcouldbeeatenwithoutknives，sothesticksturnedintochopsticks．

SomepeoplethinkthatConfuciusinfluencedthedevelopmentofchopsticks．ChopsticksarenotusedeverywhereinAsia．InIndia，Indonesia，Malaysia，thePhilippines，Thailand，andCentralAsiamostpeoplehavetraditionallyeatenwiththeirhands．

（1）Accordingtothesecondparagraph，chopsticksaremostlymadeof．

A．iron

B．stone

C．paper

D．woodandbamboo

（2）DuringtheMiddleAges，peopleoftenusedaschopsticks．

A．wood

B．sliver

C．bamboo

D．plastic

（3）Achild'splasticsetofchopsticksmightfeaturea（n）character．

A．cartoon

B．animal

C．natural

D．people

（4）WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue？

A．TheChinesehavebeenusingchopsticksforfivethousandyears．

B．NotalltheAsiancountriespeopleusuallyeatfoodwithchopsticks．

C．SomeWesternersputchopsticksatoneendandforksandknivesattheother．

D．Chopsticksareonlymadeofallkindsofwood．

16．（8分）Thecompetitionamongstudentstodayisquitefierce（激烈的）.Inmyclass，everystudentisveryhard﹣working.Butthefunnythingisthattheyliketomakeeffortssecretly.

Lastweek，myfriendlookedverytired.WhenIwenttolookthroughhisexercisebook，Ifoundthatheactuallyfinishedmorepagesthanmostofus.Wehadnoideawhenhewroteit.Duringalunchbreak，Ihappenedtofindhimhidinginhisquilt.Iquietlygotclosetohisbedandsuddenlyliftedhisquilt.Ifoundthathewassecretlydoinghishomework，withaflashinhishand!

Afterknowingthat，ourwholeclassstartedtostudysecretlywithouttellingeachother.Weallpretendedthatwehadn'tdoneanythingbutworkhardbehindeachother'sbacks.Althoughourgradesimproved，wedidnothavethesamepleasureandsatisfactionoflearningtogetherasbefore.

Schoolworktakesupmostofourtime，butweshouldn'tpayattentiontoonething.Wealsoneedlove，playandtrustineachother.

（1）Theauthor'sfriendisactuallyunderthequilt.

A.studyingsecretly

B.sleeping

C.eatingsecretly

D.playingwithatorch

（2）Afterallthestudentsstudiedsecretly，.

A.theirgradeswentdown

B.theyweresatisfiedwiththesituation

C.theydidn'tenjoythelearningprocess

D.theybecamelesscompetitivethanever

（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"pretend"meaninChinese？

A.假装.

B.推断.

C.相信.

D.认为.

（4）Weknowthattheauthorthinks.

A.studentsshouldhavetheirowninterests

B.studentsshouldfocusononethingatatime

C.studentsshouldstudybehindeachother'sbacks

D.studentsshouldcompeteinahealthyway

17．（8分）Youngpeoplecanhaveproblemswiththeirminds.Somestudentsbecomeworriedbecausetheyhavetostudyveryhard.Othershavetroublegettingonwellwithpeopleliketheirparentsandclassmates.

LiuWei，aJunior2studentfromHefei，couldnotunderstandhisteachersandwasdoingbadlyinhislessons.Hebecamesoworriedaboutitthathestartedtocuthisfingerwithaknife.

Anotherstudent，14﹣year﹣oldYanFangfromGuangzhou，wasafraidofexams.Shegotveryworriedinone，andwhenshelookedattheexampaper，shecouldn'tthinkofanythingtowrite.

Arecentreportsaysabout18%ofShanghaiteenagershavemental（心理的）problems.Theirtroublesinclude（包括）beingworriedandveryunhappyandhavingproblemsinlearningandgettingonwithpeople.Manystudentswhohaveproblemswon'tgoforadviceorhelp.Somethinktheywilllookstupid（愚蠢的）iftheygotoseeadoctor.Othersdon'twanttotalkabouttheirsecrets.

LiangYuezhu，anexpertonteenagersfromBeijingAndingHospital，hasthefollowingadviceforteenagers：

*Talktoyourparentsorteachersoften.

*Takepartingroupactivitiesandplaysports.

*Gotoseeadoctorifyoufeelunhappyorunwell.

（1）Thestudentswhooftenbecomeworriedorhavetroublegettingonwithothersmayhave.

A.mentalproblems

B.aheadache

C.kniveswiththem

D.noparents

（2）LiuWeicuthisfingerwithaknifebecause.

A.hewasafraidofhisteacher

B.hewantedtofrightenhisparents

C.hewassoworriedabouthisstudies

（3）YanFang'sproblemshappenedwhenever.

A.shestudiedveryhard

B.shehadexams

C.shetalkedwithherparents

D.shethoughtofsomething

（4）Studentswhohaveproblemswon'taskothersforhelpbecause.

A.theywon'tletothersthinktheyarestupid

B.theydon'tthinkdoctorscanhelpthem

C.theythinktheproblemsarenotserious

D.theyhavenosecretsaboutothers

Ⅲ.CompletethePassageChoosethesentencestocompletethepassage.（Twosentencesareextra.）

18．（10分）Everyyear，millionsofbirdsarekilledorhurtwhentheyflyintobuildings.Whydoesthishappen？（1）Birdsareflyingintowindowsandtallbuildingsthatareallcoveredbyglass.

Manybirdsflyfromoneplacetoanother.Mostofthetime，theyliveinthewild，suchasforestsandwetlands.（2）Theymightseesmalltreesandflowersinsideawindowandwanttorestontheseplants.Thebirdsdonotknowthereisglassbetweenthemandtheplants.（3）

Somebirdsflyatnight.Theyusethemoonandstarstohelpguidethemintherightdirection.Tallbuildingswithlightsonatnightcanconfuse（迷惑）thebirds.（4）Thebirdsseethelight，buttheycannottellthatthelightiscomingfrominsideabuilding.Theyflytowardthelightandcrashintoabuilding.Onmanymornings，theremightbeseveraldeadbirdslyingontheground.

（5）Manyofficebuildingsnowturnofftheirlightsatnight.Thishelpsreducethenumberofbirdsthatflyintobuildingsanditalsohelpssaveenergy.

A.Theanswerisglass.B.Peoplearetryingtosolvetheproblem.C.Thesebirdshavenoideawhatglassis.D.Asaresult，theyflyrightintotheglass.E.Inthisway，theycanavoidcrashingintoglass.F.Peopledon'tknowhowtodealwiththeproblem.G.Thisisabigproblem，especiallyonfoggyandrainynights.

IV.ClozeTestChoosethebestanswertocompletethepassage.

19．（10分）TheSilkRoadisahistoricallyimportantinternationaltraderoute（路线）betweenChinaandtheMediterranean（地中海）.Itstarted（1）theWesternHanDynastyandhasbeena（2）betweentheEastandtheWestforover2，000years.

TheroutestartedfromChang'an（nowXi'an）and（3）inanEasternEuropeancountry.Itwasabout6，500kilometres（4）andcrossedone﹣fourthoftheplanet.

TheSilkRoadgotitsname（5）Chinesesilkusedtobecarriedalongthisroute.Silk，jade（玉），ceramics（陶瓷制品）andironwentWesttoRome.AndfromtheWestcameglass，gems（宝石）andfood（6）carrotsandsesame（芝麻）.

TheSilkRoadwasveryimportanttobothChinaandthe（7）oftheworld.Itwasmorethananancientinternationaltraderoute.（8）aboutart，scienceandliterature，aswellascrafts（工艺）andtechnologieswas（9），thankstotheSilkRoad.Inthisway，languagesandculturesdevelopedfastandinfluencedeachother.

Today，alongtheSilkRoadthere'remanyplacesof（10），suchastheTerracottaWarriorsinXi'anandMogaoGrottoesinDunhuang.

（1）A.atB.onC.duringD.through

（2）A.bridgeB.riverC.buildingD.machine

（3）A.cameB.endedC.startedD.returned

（4）A.highB.deepC.longD.low

（5）A.soB.butC.andD.because

（6）A.likeB.asC.forD.over

（7）A.firstB.lastC.restD.best

（8）A.MoneyB.SpaceC.FriendshipD.Knowledge

（9）A.comparedB.inventedC.sharedD.refused

（10）A.interestB.traditionC.secretD.question

第二节非选择题V.GrammaticalFillingFillineachblankwithaproperformofthewordgivenoraproperword.

20．（20分）Onceuponatime，aneagle（老鹰）was（1）（fly）intheskywhenhesuddenlysawabeautifulhen.Theeaglecamenearthehenandsaid，"Myprettyhen，Ilove，you.Willyoubemywife？"

Thehenwasscaredfortheeaglewassostrong.Herhusband，thecock，hadgoneouttolookforfoodandherkidshadgoneawaysomewheretoplaywithother（2）（child）.Thehenquicklyanswered，"I'mwillingtobe，butletmefirstgrowwingslikeyours，soIcanflyashighasyou."Theeaglereplied，"OK!Thisringis（3）youasasign﹣ofourbetrothal（订婚）.TieitaroundyournecktillIreturn."

Thehenagreed（4）（do）so，andtheeagleflewaway.

Whenthecockmetthehenthenextday，hewasvery（5）（surprise）toseetheringaroundherneck.Hesaid，"Wheredid，youget，thatring？Throwitawayimmediately."

Thehendidthisandthecockwascheerfulagain.Butattheweekend，theeaglecameback.（6）frightenedhenhidherselfbehind'herdoorbuttheeaglesoon'foundher.Suddenlyhecried，"Where（7）（be）theringthatIgaveyou？Why，areyounotwearingit？"

Thehenwasveryscaredandsaid，"Forgive，me.Ilostit!yesterday.IwaswalkinginthegardenwhenImetalargesnake.Iwas（8）frightenedthatIranfast.WhenIgothome，Icouldn'tfindit."

Theeaglelookedatthehen（9）（angry）andsaid，"Idon'tbelieveyou.Youhavehurtme.Iwillpunishyou.（10）youdon'tmarryme，Iwillsnatchaway（抢走）allyourchickensfromyou.ButIwillpromisetoforgiveyouonly，ifyoufindmy.ring.Good﹣bye!"

Eversince，allthehensintheworldhavebeenscratchingthegroundtofindtheeagle'sring.

VI.ReadingExpression

21．（10分）Manyofusnowliveingatedcommunities（封闭式社区）.Onlypeoplewholivetherecangofreelyinside，andonlytheircarscanpassthroughthegates.Butareyouhopingforamoreopenandconvenientenvironment？Whengatesandwallsaregone，everyonecanenjoyacitywithbiggergreenareasforpicnicsandmorecafesandbookstorestomeetyourfriends.

Turninggatedcommunitiesintoblocksisonewaytoachievethis，accordingtotheChinesegovernment.OnFeb.21，Chinasaidthatgatedcommunitiesshouldbeopentothepublic.

Opencommunitieshavealreadybecomepopularinmanycitiesofothercountries，likeParis，France，andNewYorkCity，US.There，theroads，shopsandgreenareasareforeveryone.

Anothergoodchangethatblocksmaybringisbettertrafficincities，accordingtoProfessorLiHongchangfromBeijingJiaotongUniversity.Therewillbemoreroadsopentothepublic.Andmorepeoplemaychoosetowalkratherthandrivecarsbecausetheydon'tneedtotakealongwaytogetaroundthosegatedcommunities.

TheChinesegovernmentexplainsthattheopeningwillbecarriedoutstepbystepandmoredetailed（详细的）planswillcomeoutinthefuture.Also，theyhavebeentestingblocksinsomeareasinChengdu，Sichuan，andsofarithasbeenworkingwell.

Usewordswithpropermeaningsandgrammaticalrulestofillintheblanks.

（Onlyonewordforoneblank.）

（1）Peoplearen'ttogoinsidegatedcommunitiesfreelyexceptsomeonewholivesthere.Withoutgatesorwalls，peoplecanenjoyamoreopenandenvironment.

（2）TheChinesegovernmentannouncedthatgatedcommunitiesshouldbetothepublicandturninggatedcommunitiesintoisonewaytoachievethis.

（3）Inmanycitiesofothercountries，opencommunitieshavealreadybecome.Theytheroads，shopsandgreenareasforeveryone.

（4）Thereareadvantagesofturninggatedcommunitiesintoopenonesandmorepeoplemaychoosetowalkinsteadofcars.

（5）TheChinesegovernmentsaysthatwecan'tcarryouttheopeningat.Weneedtomakemoredetailedinthefuture.

ⅦWriting

22．（15分）无奋斗，不青春！某英文网站正在开展以"越努力越幸福（TheHarderIWork，theHappierIWillBe）"为主题的征文活动。请你用英文写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你在初中生活中的一个小目标是什么？你是如何努力去实现的？以及你从中学到了什么？

提示词语：setagoal，workhard，makeaplan，helpful，proud，succeed

要求：

（1）语句通顺，意思连贯，语法正确，书写规范；

（2）必须包含所给提示，可适当发挥；

（3）文中不得出现真实人名、校名或地名；

（4）词数：100词左右。

________

参考答案与试题解析

第二部分笔试第一节选择题II.ReadingComprehensionChoosethebestansweraccordingtothepassageyouread.

14．（6分）

WHOISYOURROLEMODEL？

WHY？

MyrolemodelismyneighborMs.Li.Sheisinhereightiesnowbutsheisstillyoungatheart.Ioftenseeherridingherbikeintheparkandshealsospendstimedoingvolunteerwork.Shehelpsmeunderstandthatpeoplewon'tbeoldiftheystillhaveagreatloveforlife.AdamImissMrs.Whitemostafterprimaryschool.Shewasourmathteacherandalwayspatientwithus.Shehelpedustoworkouttheanswersourselves，nomatterhowdifficultthequestionswereSoMrs.Whiteismyrolemodel，andIwanttobeateacherlikeherinthefuture.Betty

NormanBethunewasaCanadiandoctor.In1938，Dr.BethunecametoChinaandhelpedtreatthewounded.Heoftenworkedveryhardwithoutresting.Once，hemanagedtosaveoveronehundredlivesinsixty﹣ninehours.HeisstillrememberedinbothChinaandCanadatoday.Soheismyrolemodel.PeterYuanLongpingismyrolemodel.Heisoneofthegreatestagricultural（农业的）scientistsofourtime.Heworkedhardtogrowbetterricetosolvetheproblemsoffoodshortage.ItissadthatMr.Yuanhasleftus，buthisdreamsarecarriedbymanyplantandagriculturalresearches.Emma

（1）WhoisEmma'srolemodel？D

A.Ms.Li.

B.Mrs.White.

C.NormanBethune.

D.YuanLongping.

（2）WhatdoesBettywanttobeinthefuture？A

A.Ateacher.

B.Ascientist.

C.Adoctor.

D.Avolunteer.

（3）WhatdoweknowaboutMs.Li？C

A.Sheworkedinahospital.

B.Shesolvedthefoodproblems.

C.Sheisoldinagebutyoungatheart.

D.Sheisverypatientwithherstudents.

【分析】短文主要介绍了四个人的榜样及其原因。

【解答】细节理解题。

（1）根据右下表格中YuanLongpingismyrolemodel.（袁隆平是我的榜样。）可知，袁隆平是艾玛的榜样。故选D。

（2）根据右上表格中andIwanttobeateacherlikeherinthefuture.（我想在未来成为像她一样的老师。）可知，贝蒂将来想当一位老师。故选A。

（3）根据Sheisinhereightiesnowbutsheisstillyoungatheart.（她现在已经80多岁了，但内心仍然年轻。）可知，关于李，我们知道她年纪大了，但内心很年轻。故选C。

【点评】首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。

15．（8分）InmuchofAsia，especiallytheso﹣called"ricebowl"culturesofChina，Japan，Korea，andVietnam，foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks．

Chopsticksaretwolong，thinpiecesofwood．Bambooisthemostcommonmaterial，buttheyarealsobemadeofallkindsofwood，aswellasplastic，animalbone，metalandsoon．

DuringtheMiddleAges，peopleoftenusedsilverchopstickssinceitwasthoughtthatsilverwouldturncolourifitcameintosomepoison（毒药）．

Achild'splasticchopsticksmighthaveacartooncharacter，suchasMickeyMouse．Somemightfindnewlifeasalightweight，easy﹣to﹣cleanpairofchopsticks．

"Forkchops"arechopsticksforsomeWesterners．Andtheyputchopsticksatoneendandforksandknivesattheother，incasetheusercan'tmanageduringthemeal．

TheChinesehavebeenusingchopsticksforfivethousandyears．Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots，usingstickstoremoveit．Later，aspopulationgrew，peoplebeganchoppingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly．Smallpiecesoffoodcouldbeeatenwithoutknives，sothesticksturnedintochopsticks．

SomepeoplethinkthatConfuciusinfluencedthedevelopmentofchopsticks．ChopsticksarenotusedeverywhereinAsia．InIndia，Indonesia，Malaysia，thePhilippines，Thailand，andCentralAsiamostpeoplehavetraditionallyeatenwiththeirhands．

（1）Accordingtothesecondparagraph，chopsticksaremostlymadeofD．

A．iron

B．stone

C．paper

D．woodandbamboo

（2）DuringtheMiddleAges，peopleoftenusedBaschopsticks．

A．wood

B．sliver

C．bamboo

D．plastic

（3）Achild'splasticsetofchopsticksmightfeaturea（n）Acharacter．

A．cartoon

B．animal

C．natural

D．people

（4）WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue？D

A．TheChinesehavebeenusingchopsticksforfivethousandyears．

B．NotalltheAsiancountriespeopleusuallyeatfoodwithchopsticks．

C．SomeWesternersputchopsticksatoneendandforksandknivesattheother．

D．Chopsticksareonlymadeofallkindsofwood．

【分析】本文讲述了在亚洲大多数地方，像中国，倭国，韩国和越南通常用筷子吃饭．同时还讲述了筷子的形状，材质和筷子的历史．

【解答】1．D．细节理解题．根据Bambooisthemostcommonmaterial，buttheyarealsobemadeofallkindsofwood可知筷子主要是用竹子和各种木材做的．故选D．

2．B．细节理解题．根据DuringtheMiddleAges，peopleoftenusedsilverchopstickssinceitwasthoughtthatsilverwouldturncolourifitcameintosomepoison可知，在中世纪，人们使用银筷子是由于人们认为银筷子插到有毒的东西会变色．故人们用银做筷子．故选B．

3．A．细节理解题．根据Achild'splasticchopsticksmighthaveacartooncharacter可知儿童的塑料筷子可以有卡通角色．故选A．

4．D．判断正误题．根据Bambooisthemostcommonmaterial，buttheyarealsobemadeofallkindsofwood，aswellasplastic，animalbone，metalandsoon．可知，筷子可以是木头，竹子，塑料．骨头，金属等等．故D项陈述错误．故选D．

【点评】对于阅读理解中的细节理解题，要求首先读懂题干，然后带着问题直接在材料中找答案即可．

16．（8分）Thecompetitionamongstudentstodayisquitefierce（激烈的）.Inmyclass，everystudentisveryhard﹣working.Butthefunnythingisthattheyliketomakeeffortssecretly.

Lastweek，myfriendlookedverytired.WhenIwenttolookthroughhisexercisebook，Ifoundthatheactuallyfinishedmorepagesthanmostofus.Wehadnoideawhenhewroteit.Duringalunchbreak，Ihappenedtofindhimhidinginhisquilt.Iquietlygotclosetohisbedandsuddenlyliftedhisquilt.Ifoundthathewassecretlydoinghishomework，withaflashinhishand!

Afterknowingthat，ourwholeclassstartedtostudysecretlywithouttellingeachother.Weallpretendedthatwehadn'tdoneanythingbutworkhardbehindeachother'sbacks.Althoughourgradesimproved，wedidnothavethesamepleasureandsatisfactionoflearningtogetherasbefore.

Schoolworktakesupmostofourtime，butweshouldn'tpayattentiontoonething.Wealsoneedlove，playandtrustineachother.

（1）Theauthor'sfriendisactuallyAunderthequilt.

A.studyingsecretly

B.sleeping

C.eatingsecretly

D.playingwithatorch

（2）Afterallthestudentsstudiedsecretly，C.

A.theirgradeswentdown

B.theyweresatisfiedwiththesituation

C.theydidn'tenjoythelearningprocess

D.theybecamelesscompetitivethanever

（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"pretend"meaninChinese？A

A.假装.

B.推断.

C.相信.

D.认为.

（4）WeknowthattheauthorthinksD.

A.studentsshouldhavetheirowninterests

B.studentsshouldfocusononethingatatime

C.studentsshouldstudybehindeachother'sbacks

D.studentsshouldcompeteinahealthyway

【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了学生之间的激烈竞争，他们都很努力学习，但却喜欢秘密努力。发现朋友在课堂上很疲倦，却发现他偷偷完成了比大多数人更多的作业。发现朋友在午休时躲在被子里偷偷做作业，全班开始学习时也都秘密进行，虽然成绩有所提高，但失去了一起学习的乐趣和满足感。认为除了学习，我们也需要关注爱、游戏和彼此的信任。

【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Ifoundthathewassecretlydoinghishomework，withaflashinhishand!（我发现他正在偷偷地做作业，手里拿着手电筒!）可知的朋友在被子里偷偷学习。故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Althoughourgradesimproved，wedidnothavethesamepleasureandsatisfactionoflearningtogetherasbefore.（虽然我们的成绩提高了，但我们没有像以前那样一起学习的乐趣和满足感。）可知所有学生偷偷学习之后他们不喜欢学习的过程了。故选C。

（3）词义猜测题。根据第三段Weallpretendedthatwehadn'tdoneanythingbutworkhardbehindeachother'sbacks.（我们都____什么都没做，只是背着彼此努力工作。）可知划线单词的含义为"假装"。故选A。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段Schoolworktakesupmostofourtime，butweshouldn'tpayattentiontoonething.Wealsoneedlove，playandtrustineachother.（作业占用了我们大部分的时间，但是我们不应该只注意一件事。我们也需要彼此的爱、玩耍和信任。）推断认为学生应该以健康的方式竞争。故选D。

【点评】阅读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文，在原文中找出与题目对应的内容，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。

17．（8分）Youngpeoplecanhaveproblemswiththeirminds.Somestudentsbecomeworriedbecausetheyhavetostudyveryhard.Othershavetroublegettingonwellwithpeopleliketheirparentsandclassmates.

LiuWei，aJunior2studentfromHefei，couldnotunderstandhisteachersandwasdoingbadlyinhislessons.Hebecamesoworriedaboutitthathestartedtocuthisfingerwithaknife.

Anotherstudent，14﹣year﹣oldYanFangfromGuangzhou，wasafraidofexams.Shegotveryworriedinone，andwhenshelookedattheexampaper，shecouldn'tthinkofanythingtowrite.

Arecentreportsaysabout18%ofShanghaiteenagershavemental（心理的）problems.Theirtroublesinclude（包括）beingworriedandveryunhappyandhavingproblemsinlearningandgettingonwithpeople.Manystudentswhohaveproblemswon'tgoforadviceorhelp.Somethinktheywilllookstupid（愚蠢的）iftheygotoseeadoctor.Othersdon'twanttotalkabouttheirsecrets.

LiangYuezhu，anexpertonteenagersfromBeijingAndingHospital，hasthefollowingadviceforteenagers：

*Talktoyourparentsorteachersoften.

*Takepartingroupactivitiesandplaysports.

*Gotoseeadoctorifyoufeelunhappyorunwell.

（1）ThestudentswhooftenbecomeworriedorhavetroublegettingonwithothersmayhaveA.

A.mentalproblems

B.aheadache

C.kniveswiththem

D.noparents

（2）LiuWeicuthisfingerwithaknifebecauseC.

A.hewasafraidofhisteacher

B.hewantedtofrightenhisparents

C.hewassoworriedabouthisstudies

（3）YanFang'sproblemshappenedwheneverB.

A.shestudiedveryhard

B.shehadexams

C.shetalkedwithherparents

D.shethoughtofsomething

（4）Studentswhohaveproblemswon'taskothersforhelpbecauseA.

A.theywon'tletothersthinktheyarestupid

B.theydon'tthinkdoctorscanhelpthem

C.theythinktheproblemsarenotserious

D.theyhavenosecretsaboutothers

【分析】短文主要写了年轻人在心理上可能遇到的问题。一些学生因为需要努力学习而感到担忧，另一些学生与父母和同学相处不好。建议青少年多与父母和老师交流，参加团体活动和运动，并在感到不快乐或身体不适时去看医生。

【解答】细节理解题。

（1）根据第四段Arecentreportsaysabout18%ofShanghaiteenagershavemental（心理的）problems.Theirtroublesinclude（包括）beingworriedandveryunhappyandhavingproblemsinlearningandgettingonwithpeople.（最近的一份报告显示，大约18%的上海青少年有心理问题。他们的烦恼包括担心和非常不开心，在学习和与人相处方面有问题。）可知，经常担心或难以与他人相处的学生可能有心理问题。故选A。

（2）根据第二段LiuWei，aJunior2studentfromHefei，couldnotunderstandhisteachersandwasdoingbadlyinhislessons.Hebecamesoworriedaboutitthathestartedtocuthisfingerwithaknife.（来自合肥的初二学生刘伟听不懂老师的话，功课做得很差。他非常担心，于是开始用刀割伤自己的手指。）可知，刘伟因为担心学业，用刀割伤了手指。故选C。

（3）根据第三段Shegotveryworriedinone，andwhenshelookedattheexampaper，shecouldn'tthinkofanythingtowrite.（当她看试卷时，她非常担心。她想不出什么可以写的。）可知，杨芳每次考试都会出问题。故选B。

（4）根据第四段Manystudentswhohaveproblemswon'tgoforadviceorhelp.Somethinktheywilllookstupid（愚蠢的）iftheygotoseeadoctor.Othersdon'twanttotalkabouttheirsecrets.（许多有问题的学生不会向别人寻求建议或帮助。有些人认为如果他们去看医生，他们会看起来很愚蠢。另一些人不想谈论他们的秘密。）可知，有问题的学生不会向别人求助，因为他们不会让别人认为他们很愚蠢。故选A。

【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。

Ⅲ.CompletethePassageChoosethesentencestocompletethepassage.（Twosentencesareextra.）

18．（10分）Everyyear，millionsofbirdsarekilledorhurtwhentheyflyintobuildings.Whydoesthishappen？（1）ABirdsareflyingintowindowsandtallbuildingsthatareallcoveredbyglass.

Manybirdsflyfromoneplacetoanother.Mostofthetime，theyliveinthewild，suchasforestsandwetlands.（2）CTheymightseesmalltreesandflowersinsideawindowandwanttorestontheseplants.Thebirdsdonotknowthereisglassbetweenthemandtheplants.（3）D

Somebirdsflyatnight.Theyusethemoonandstarstohelpguidethemintherightdirection.Tallbuildingswithlightsonatnightcanconfuse（迷惑）thebirds.（4）GThebirdsseethelight，buttheycannottellthatthelightiscomingfrominsideabuilding.Theyflytowardthelightandcrashintoabuilding.Onmanymornings，theremightbeseveraldeadbirdslyingontheground.

（5）BManyofficebuildingsnowturnofftheirlightsatnight.Thishelpsreducethenumberofbirdsthatflyintobuildingsanditalsohelpssaveenergy.

A.Theanswerisglass.B.Peoplearetryingtosolvetheproblem.C.Thesebirdshavenoideawhatglassis.D.Asaresult，theyflyrightintotheglass.E.Inthisway，theycanavoidcrashingintoglass.F.Peopledon'tknowhowtodealwiththeproblem.G.Thisisabigproblem，especiallyonfoggyandrainynights.

【分析】本文讲述了每年，数百万只鸟在飞入建筑物时被杀死或受伤，这是许多鸟从一个地方飞到另一个地方。大多数时候，它们生活在野外，如森林和湿地。它们不知道玻璃是什么，它们可能会看到窗户里的小树和小花，想在这些植物上休息，它们直接飞入玻璃。

【解答】细节推理题。

（1）根据上文Everyyear，millionsofbirdsarekilledorhurtwhentheyflyintobuildings.Whydoesthishappen？（每年，数百万只鸟在飞入建筑物时被杀死或受伤。为什么会发生这种情况？）可知说的是每年，数百万只鸟在飞入建筑物时被杀死或受伤，结合选项