山东大学外国语学院《211翻译硕士英语》专业硕士历年考研真题及详解

2015年山东大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解Ⅰ.Vocabularyandgrammar(30points)Directions:BeneatheachsentencetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.MarkyouranswersonyourANSWERSHEET.1.We’llbeverycarefulandkeepwhatyou’vetoldusstrictly_____.A.privateB.rigorousC.mysteriousD.confidential【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：我们会很小心，把你告诉我们的话严格保密。confidential保密的。private私人的，私有的。rigorous严格的，严厉的。mysterious神秘的。2.Beforeeveryboardmeeting,itiscustomaryforthe_____ofthepreviousmeetingtobereadout.A.minutesB.précisC.notesD.protocol【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：每次董事会召开之前，通常都要宣读上次的会议记录。minutes会议记录。précis摘要。notes笔记。protocol法案，议案。3.Hewasbarredfromtheclubforrefusingto_____withtherules.A.conformB.abideC.adhereD.comply【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：他因拒绝遵守规则被赶出了俱乐部。考察动词词组固定搭配，四个词均表示“遵守”之意，但与之搭配的介词不同。conformto遵守。abideby遵守。adhereto遵守。complywith遵守。4.Althoughtheheavyrainstopped,itwasatleastanhourlaterthatthefloodbeganto_____.A.retireB.recedeC.reclineD.retreat【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：尽管大雨停了，但至少还要一小时后洪水才开始消退。recede（洪水）退下。retire退休。recline向后靠，斜倚。retreat撤退。5.Thatancientcarofhisisa_____jokeamonghisfriends.A.steadyB.standingC.settledD.stable【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：那辆老汽车是他朋友间的一个老笑话。astandingjoke为习惯用法，意为“老笑话”。6.Theythrewpetrolontothebonfireandthesudden_____litupthewholegarden.A.glowB.twinkleC.sparkD.flare【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：他们把汽油浇到篝火上，蹿出的火焰照亮了整个花园。flare火焰。glow灼热，发光。twinkle（星星、眼睛等）闪耀，闪烁。spark火星，火花。7.Thehumanvoiceoftensounds_____onthetelephone.A.twistedB.irregularC.distortedD.deformed【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：电话里人们的声音听起来经常会有些失真。distorted变形的，失真的。twisted扭曲的。irregular不规则的。deformed畸形的。8.Ialwaysfeelhehasa_____againstme,althoughIdon’tknowwhatwrongI’vedonehim.A.grudgeB.grumbleC.gruntD.groan【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：我总觉得她对我怀恨在心,但是我不知道自己是什么地方得罪了她。grudge表示“怨恨，恶意，妒忌”，侧重行动。grumble表示“怨言”，侧重指言语。grunt咕哝，呼噜声。groan呻吟，叹息，吱嘎声。9.It’sharmfultoone’shealthto_____smokinganddrinking.A.takeonB.taketoC.takeinD.takedown【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：吸烟喝酒有害身体健康。动词词组辨析。taketo喜欢；走向；开始从事。takeon承担；呈现。takein领会；欺骗；吸收。takedown记下；拿下。10.Teacherslikestudentstobe_____andlistentowhattheyaresaying.A.absorbedB.attentiveC.prudentD.watchful【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：老师们喜欢学生更加专注一些，并能听取他们所讲的内容。attentive留意的，注意的。强调注意力的集中，故符合题意，所以选B项。absorbed被吸收的；被吸引的。prudent谨慎的；精明的；节俭的。watchful注意的；警惕的；警醒的。11.Thosenaughtyboyswerepunishedbecausetheywerecaught_____flowersinthegarden.A.stealB.tostealC.stealingD.tohavestolen【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：那些调皮的男孩受到了惩罚，因为他们被撞见在花园里偷花。sb.becaughtdoingsth.表示“碰上、撞见、发现某人做某事”，其主动结构为catchsb.doingsth.。12.MissSmithreturnedhomequitelatethatnightonly_____someonehadbrokenintohergarageandstolenhercar.A.findingB.tofindC.havingfoundD.tohavefound【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：史密斯小姐那天晚上很晚才到家，回家后竟然发现有人闯入车库偷走了她的车。考察语法。only与todo不定式结构连用，表示一种令人出乎意料的结果。据此排除A项，C项。因为find这个动作发生在return之后，无需使用完成时态，所以排除D项，故B项最符合题意。13.He_____liveinthecountrysidethaninthecity.A.wouldratherB.hadbetterC.mayaswellD.prefers【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：他宁愿住在乡下，不愿住在城里。wouldratherdosth.thandosth.为固定搭配，表示“宁愿做某事不愿做某事”。14.______asitwasatsuchatime,hisworkattractedmuchattention.A.BeingpublishedB.PublishedC.PublishingD.Tobepublished【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：尽管他的作品在这样一个时间出版，但仍然受到了很大关注。考察语法。public与其逻辑主语hiswork之间是被动关系，故排除C选项。根据句意，他的作品已被出版，不是正在出版或将要出版，故排除A、D两项。所以选B项。15.Anewspaper_____willsometimesbedistributedfreewithnewspaper.A.complementB.supplementC.complimentD.implement【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：报纸副刊有时会随报纸免费发放。词义辨析题。supplement补充物；增刊，副刊。complement补语；余角；补足物。compliment恭维，称赞。implement工具，器具；手段。16.She_____herpersonaltroubletohermother.A.conferredB.confidedC.confessedD.confined【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：她向妈妈吐露自己的个人问题。confide吐露；委托。confer授予，给予。confess忏悔；供认。confine限制；禁闭。17.Thenovelissopopularthatthereisnooneinourclass_____likestoreadit.A.whoB.thatC.asD.but【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：这本小说非常受欢迎，班上没有人不喜欢看。but表示“除了，除……外”，符合句意。who，that，as用在句中均引导定语从句，表示“班上没人喜欢读”，显然与前半句“这本小说很受欢迎”矛盾，故排除A项、B项和C项。18.Thesailorsonashiparea_____.A.crewB.teamC.staffD.gang【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：船上的水手们被称之为船员。crew全体船员。team队；组。staff职员。gang表示“一伙；一组”，指以某种方式结合的一群人，如犯人、奴隶等的一群或者罪犯、流氓、匪徒等的一帮。19.Itisnotcorrecttosayapackof_____.A.cardsB.liesC.houndsD.cows【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：谎话连篇是不对的。apackoflies为固定搭配，意思为“谎话连篇，一派胡言”。20.Acarbrokendowninthemiddleoftheroadis_____.A.anobstacleB.anobstructionC.ahindranceD.adifficulty【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：在马路中间抛锚的汽车是一大障碍。近义词辨析。hindrance表示“妨碍；妨害；阻碍物”，强调会妨碍影响其他事情，此题汽车若在马路中间，必然会对交通造成影响，所以符合题意。obstacle表示“障碍，干扰；妨害物”，强调难以跨越。obstruction表示“障碍；障碍物”，仅强调堵塞这一现象。difficulty困难。Ⅱ.Readingcomprehension(40points)Section1Multiplechoice(20points)Directions:Inthissectiontherearereadingpassagesfollowedbymultiple-choicequestions.ReadthepassagesandthenmarkyouranswersonyourANSWERSHEET.PassageATheimportanceandfocusoftheinterviewintheworkoftheprintandbroadcastjournalistisreflectedinseveralbooksthathavebeenwrittenonthetopic.Mostofthesebooks,aswellasseveralchapters,mainlyin,butnotlimitedto,journalismandbroadcastinghandbooksandreportingtexts,stressthe“howto”aspectsofjournalisticinterviewingratherthantheconceptualaspectsoftheinterview,itscontext,andimplications.Muchofthe“howto”materialisbasedonpersonalexperiencesandgeneralimpressions.Asweknow,injournalismasinotherfields,muchcanbelearnedfromthesystematicstudyofprofessionalpractice,suchstudybringstogetherevidencefromwhichbroadgeneralizedprinciplescanbedeveloped.Thereis,ashasbeensuggested,agrowingbodyofresearchliteratureinjournalismandbroadcasting,butverylittlesignificantattentionhasbeendevotedtothestudyoftheinterviewitself.Ontheotherhand,manygeneraltextsaswellasnumerousresearcharticlesoninterviewinginfieldsotherthanjournalismhavebeenwritten.Manyofthesebooksandarticlespresentthetheoreticalandempiricalaspectsoftheinterviewaswellasthetrainingoftheinterviewers.Unhappily,thisplentifulgeneralliteratureaboutinterviewingpayslittleattentiontothejournalisticinterview.Thefactthatthegeneralliteratureoninterviewingdoesnotdealwiththejournalisticinterviewseemstobesurprisingfortworeasons.First,itseemslikelythatmostpeopleinmodemWesternsocietiesaremorefamiliar,atleastinapositivemanner,withjournalisticinterviewingthanwithanyotherformofinterviewing.Mostofusareprobablysomewhatfamiliarwiththeclinicalinterview,suchasthatconductedbyphysiciansandpsychologists.Inthesesituationstheprofessionalpersonorinterviewerisinterestedingettinginformationnecessaryforthediagnosisandtreatmentofthepersonseekinghelp.Anotherfamiliarsituationisthejobinterview.However,veryfewofushaveactuallybeeninterviewedpersonallybythemassmedia,particularlybytelevision.Andyet,wehaveavividacquaintancewiththejournalisticinterviewbyvirtueofourrolesasreaders,listeners,andviewers.Evenso,trueunderstandingofthejournalisticinterview,especiallytelevisioninterviews,requiresthoughtfulanalysesandevenstudy,asthisbookindicates.21.Themainideaofthefirstparagraphisthat_____.A.generalizedprinciplesforjournalisticinterviewsarethechiefconcernforwritersonjournalismB.importanceshouldbeattachedtothesystematicstudyofjournalisticinterviewingC.conceptsandcontextualimplicationsareofsecondaryimportancetojournalisticinterviewingD.personalexperiencesandgeneralimpressionsshouldbeexcludedfromjournalisticinterviews22.Muchresearchhasbeendoneoninterviewsingeneral_____.A.sothetrainingofjournalisticinterviewershaslikewisebeenstrengthenedB.thoughthestudyoftheinterviewingtechniqueshasn’treceivedmuchattentionC.butjournalisticinterviewingasaspecificfieldhasunfortunatelybeenneglectedD.andtherehasalsobeenadramaticgrowthinthestudyofjournalisticinterviewing23.Westernersarefamiliarwiththejournalisticinterview,_____.A.butmostofthemwishtostayawayfromitB.andmanyofthemhopetobeinterviewedsomedayC.andmanyofthemwouldliketoacquireatrueunderstandingofitD.butmostofthemmaynothavebeeninterviewedinperson24.Whoistheintervieweeinaclinicalinterview?A.Thepatient.B.Thephysician.C.Thejournalist.D.Thepsychologist.25.Thepassageismostlikelyapartof_____.A.anewsarticleB.ajournalisticinterviewC.aresearchreportD.apreface【答案与解析】21.B 第一段倒数第二句“Asweknow,injournalismasinotherfields,muchcanbelearnedfromthesystematicstudyofprofessionalpractice”也就是说新闻学像其他领域一样，对它的系统研究能使我们学到很多东西。本段第二句也说到现在很多新闻学文献或书籍强调的是怎么做新闻采访，而不是帮我们了解采访的概念、情境和意义。第三句说到这些指导怎么做新闻采访的书籍也都是基于个人经验和印象。所以可以看出，作者认为应该重视对新闻采访这一领域的系统研究。故答案为B。22.C 由第二段第四句“Unhappily,thisplentifulgeneralliteratureaboutinterviewingpayslittleattentiontothejournalisticinterview.”可知，有很多关于采访的一般性文献，但是很遗憾的是，这些文献几乎都没有讲到新闻采访，说明新闻采访这个领域被忽视了。故答案为C。23.D 文章第二段倒数第三句说，“然而，我们之中很少有人真正地受到过媒体的采访，尤其是电视采访。”由此可见，西方人虽然对新闻采访很熟悉，但是大多数人都未被采访过。故答案为D。24.A 第二段第六句“Mostofusareprobablysomewhatfamiliarwiththeclinicalinterview,suchasthatconductedbyphysiciansandpsychologists.”也就是说clinicalinterview是由医生physician和心理医生psychologist实施的，所以指的是诊断面谈，即面诊。所以被面谈者当然是病人。故答案为A。25.D 文末“...trueunderstandingofthejournalisticinterview,especiallytelevisioninterviews,requiresthoughtfulanalysesandevenstudy,asthisbookindicates...”意思是说要想真正认识新闻采访，需要分析和研究，正如这本书里所讲。可以推断本文是某书籍的序言。故答案为D。PassageBEngineeringstudentsaresupposedtobeexamplesofpracticalityandrationality,butwhenitcomestomycollegeeducationIamanidealistandafool.InhighschoolIwantedtobeanelectricalengineerand,ofcourse,anysensiblestudentwithmyaimswouldhavechosenacollegewithalargeengineeringdepartment,famousreputationandlotsofgoodlabsandresearchequipment.Butthat’snotwhatIdid.Ichosetostudyengineeringatasmallliberal-artsuniversitythatdoesn’tevenofferamajorinelectricalengineering.Obviously,thiswasnotapracticalchoice;Icamehereformorenoblereasons.Iwantedabroadeducationthatwouldprovidemewithflexibilityandavaluesystemtoguidemeinmycareer.Iwantedtoopenmyeyesandexpandmyvisionbyinteractingwithpeoplewhoweren’tstudyingscienceorengineering.Myparents,teachersandotheradultspraisedmeforsuchasensiblechoice.TheytoldmeIwaswiseandmaturebeyondmy18years,andIbelievedthem.IheadedofftocollegesureIwasgoingtohaveanadvantageoverthosestudentswhowenttobigengineering“factories”wheretheydidn’tcareifyouhadvaluesorwereflexible.Iwasgoingtobeacompleteengineer:technicalgeniusandsensitivehumanistallinone.NowI’mnotsosure.Somewherealongthewaymynobleidealscrashedintoreality,asallnobleidealseventuallydo.Afterthreeyearsofstrugglingtobalancemath,physicsandengineeringcourseswithliberalartscourses,Ihavelearnedtherearereasonswhyfewengineeringstudentstrytoreconcileengineeringwithliberal-artscoursesincollege.Therealitythathasblockedmypathtobecomethetypicalsuccessfulstudentisthatengineeringandtheliberalartssimplydon’tmixaseasilyasIassumedinhighschool.Individuallytheyshapeapersoninverydifferentways;togethertheythreatentoconfuse.Thestruggletoreconcilethetwofieldsofstudyisdifficult.26.Theauthorchosetostudyengineeringatasmallliberal-artsuniversitybecausehe_____.A.intendedtobeasensiblestudentwithnobleidealsB.wantedtobeanexampleofpracticalityandrationalityC.intendedtobeacombinationofengineerandhumanistD.wantedtocoordinateengineeringwithliberal-artscoursesincollege27.Accordingtotheauthor,byinteractingwithpeoplewhostudyliberalarts,engineeringstudentscan_____.A.broadentheirhorizonsB.becomenobleidealistsC.receiveguidanceintheircareersD.balanceengineeringandtheliberalarts28.Intheeyesoftheauthor,asuccessfulengineeringstudentisexpected_____.A.tobeimaginativewithavaluesystemtoguidehimB.tobeatechnicalgeniuswithawidevisionC.tohaveanexcellentacademicrecordD.tobewiseandmature29.Theauthor’sexperienceshowsthathewas_____.A.creativeB.irrationalC.ambitiousD.unrealistic30.Theunderlinedword“they”in“...togethertheythreatentoconfuse.”(Para.5)refersto_____.A.practicalityandrationalityB.engineeringandtheliberalartsC.realityandnobleidealsD.flexibilityandavaluesystem【答案与解析】26.C 第三段最后一句“Iwasgoingtobeacompleteengineer:technicalgeniusandsensitivehumanistallinone.”说明作者既想成为一个技术人才又想成为人文主义者，合二为一。故答案为C。27.A 文章第二段“Iwantedtoopenmyeyesandexpandmyvisionbyinteractingwithpeoplewhoweren’tstudyingscienceorengineering.”中expandmyvision与选项A的broadentheirhorizons属于同义替代。故答案为A。28.B 第三段最后一句“Iwasgoingtobeacompleteengineer:technicalgeniusandsensitivehumanistallinone.”第一段中也说到作者想和文科学生交流，开阔眼界。故答案为B。29.D 第二段第二句“...thiswasnotapracticalchoice...”，可以看出作者知道去文科院校学工程专业的选择不实际unrealistic。故答案为D。30.B they是代词，一定是指代前面句子中提到的对象，定位到最后一段第一句“...engineeringandtheliberalartssimplydon’tmixaseasilyasIassumedinhighschool.”说明工程学和人文学科是不相融的。本句中togethertheythreaten融合到一起就会形成威胁，与前文意思相对应。故答案为B。Section2Answeringquestions(20points)Directions:ReadthefollowingpassagesandthenanswerINCOMPLETESENTENCESthequestionswhichfolloweachpassage.UseonlyinformationfromthepassageyouhavejustreadandwriteyouranswerinthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERSHEET.Questions31-32HalfacenturyagoaradioastronomercalledFrankDrakethoughtofawaytocalculatethelikelihoodofestablishingcontactwithaliens.Hesuggestedthefollowingfiguresshouldbemultiplied:howmanystarsareformedinthegalaxyinayear;whatfractionofthesehaveplanetsandthusformsolarsystems;theaveragenumberofplanetspersolarsystemthathavethepotentialtosupportlife;onwhatpercentageofthosewhereitispossibledosuchbiospheresactuallyform;whatpercentageofsuchbiospheresgiverisetointelligentspecies;whatpercentageofintelligentlifeisabletotransmitsignalsintospace;andforhowlongcouldsuchintelligencekeepssendingsignals.ThiscalculationbecamecelebratedastheDrakeequation—perhapsthebestattemptsofartotameawildguess.Mostofthetermsremainhardtotiedown,althoughthereisaconsensusthatabouttenstarsareformedperyearinthegalaxy.Also,recentsearchesforextrasolarplanetshaveconcludedthatplanetsarenotrare.AttheAAAS,DrDrakereflectedonhissearchforaliensignals.Onereasonthisishardisthatradiotelescopesmustchopthespectrumintofineportionstostudyit,liketuningintoasignalonacarradio.Anotheristhetradeoffbetweenatelescope’sfieldofviewanditsmagnification.Smalltelescopesseealotofskybutcandetectonlystrongsignals.Largeones,whichcandetectweaksignals,haveanarrowfocus.Astronomersthereforehavedifficultylookingbothcarefullyandcomprehensively.DrDrakesaidtheremaybeanotherdifficulty.Researcherstendtolookforsignalssimilartothosenowmadebyhumanity.TheEarth,though,isgettingquieterbecausetheriseofspread-spectrumcommunicationmakesstrayemissionslesslikelythaninthepast.Spread-spectrumworksbysmearingamessageacrossawiderangeoffrequencies.Thathastheadvantagesofcombatingnoiseandallowingmanysignalstobesentatonce.Butitalsomakesthosesignalshardforeavesdropperstohear(whichiswhyspread-spectrumisbelovedbymilitarymen).Iftechnologicallysophisticatedalienscametothesameconclusions,andthususedspread-spectrumtechnology,humanswouldhaveahardtimehearingthem.DrDrakesuggests,therefore,thattheremightbeonlyanarrowwindowoftimeinthedevelopmentofcivilizations,analogoustothepast50yearsonEarth,duringwhichnoisyelectromagneticsignalsaregeneratedinlargeamounts.Itis,however,alsopossiblethatsomeoneisactivelytryingtosendsignalstotheEarth.Ifthatwerethecase,thebestwaytodothis,reckonsPaulHorowitz,aphysicistatHarvard,iswithalaser.Althoughradiopowerhaschangedlittleoverthedecades,thepoweroflasershasgrownexponentially.Today’smostpowerfulversionscanshinetenthousandtimesbrighterthanthesun,thoughonlyforabillionthofasecond.Ifalienshavemadesimilarprogress,andpointalasertowardstheEarth’ssolarsystem,suchbriefflasheswouldbedetectableatadistanceofmanytight-years.DrHorowitzhasalreadysetuponesuitabledetectorandthis,becausenohugemagnificationisinvolved,iscapableoflookingatbroadswathesofsky.Thereisalsopotentialforimprovementontheradioside.Formanyyears,theArecibotelescopeinPuertoRico,whichis300metresacross,hasledthesearchforalienlife.NowtheChinesearebuildinga500-metretelescope,knownasFAST,inGuizhouprovince,andaninternationalcollaborationcalledtheSquareKilometerArrayistrying,asitsnamesuggests,tobuildagridofradio-telescopesoverasquarekilometeroflandineitherSouthAfricaorAustralia.Bothmaybehelpful.AsindeedmayalargenewtelescopeinnorthernCaliforniabuiltbyPaulAllen,aco-founderofMicrosoft.ManyofthetermsintheDrakeequationarelikelytoremainelusive,soitisstillimpossibletopredicthowlikelysucheffortsaretosucceed.Butevenafter50fruitlessyears—iftheeagernessintheeyesofDrDrakeandhiscolleaguesisanyguide—itstillisfunlooking.31.WhatisDrakeequation?32.Whatdifficultiesarethereinscientists’searchforalienlivesthroughradiowaves?【答案与解析】31.DrakeequationreferstoawayproposedbyFrankDraketocalculatethelikelihoodofestablishingcontactwithaliens.Drakeequationneedstomultiplythefollowingfigures:howmanystarsareformedinthegalaxyinayear;whatfractionofthesehaveplanetsandthusformsolarsystems;theaveragenumberofplanetspersolarsystemthathavethepotentialtosupportlife;onwhatpercentageofthosewhereitispossibledosuchbiospheresactuallyform;whatpercentageofsuchbiospheresgiverisetointelligentspecies;whatpercentageofintelligentlifeisabletotransmitsignalsintospace;andforhowlongcouldsuchintelligencekeepssendingsignals.（Drakeequation的定义主要集中在第一段。）32.Thedifficultiesforscientiststosearchforalienlivesthroughradiowavesareasfollows.Firstly,radiotelescopesmustchopthespectrumintofineportionstostudyit,liketuningintoasignalonacarradio.Secondly,thetradeoffbetweenatelescope’sfieldofviewanditsmagnificationneedstobeachieved.Thirdly,theriseofspread-spectrumcommunicationmakesthosesignalshardtohear.（第三段介绍了使用无线电波探测外星生物面临其中两个困难。第四段介绍了第三个困难，并且在第五段对此困难进行了详细说明。）Questions33-35Inmostoftheearliestbooksforchildren,illustrationswereanafterthought.ButintheCaldecott“toybooks”(namedaftertheBritishillustratorRandolphCaldecott),whichfirstappearedin1878,theywerealmostasimportantasthelinesoftext,andoccupiedfarmorespaceinthebook.Onecanalmostreadthestoryfromthedramaticactioninthepictures.Sincethen,thousandsofsuccessfulpicturebookshavebeenpublishedintheUnitedStatesandaroundtheworld.Inthebest,thewordsandillustrationsseemtocomplementeachotherperfectly.Oftenasinglepersonisresponsibleforbothwritingandillustratingthebook.Oneofthegreatest,andcertainlyoneofthemostsuccessful,illustrator-authorswasDr.Seuss,whoserealnamewasTheodoreCeisel.Hisfirstchildren’sbook,AndtoThinkThatIsawItonMulberryStreet,hitthemarketin1937,andtheworldofchildren’sliteraturewaschangedforever.Seuss’splayfuldrawingwereaperfectcomplementtohisengagingstoriesandunforgettablecharacters,in1957,Seuss’sTheCatintheHatbecamethefirstbookinRandomHouse’sbest-sellingseries,BeginnerBooks,writtenbySeussandseveralotherauthors.Thesecombineoutrageousillustrationsofpeople,creatures,andplants,andplayfulstorieswritteninverysimplelanguage.(TheCatintheHat,forexample,usesonly250words,whichisanestimateofthenumberofwordsthatasix-year-oldcanread.)Dr.Seussisnottheonlywell-knownauthor-illustrator,ofcourse.ThereisMaxSendak,whowroteandillustratedWheretheWildThingsAre,thestoryofalittleboynamedMaxwhobecamekingofthefierce(butfunny)creaturesthatliveintheLandoftheWildThings.RobertMcCloskyproducedboththerichlytexturedillustrationsandthedelightfulstoryofafamilyofduckslivingindowntownBoston,MakeWayforDucklings.Somebooksareproducedbyacollaborativeauthor-artistteam.AuthorMargaretWiseBrowncombinedwithillustratorClementHurdtoproducetwodelightfulbookslovedbyveryyoungchildren,GoodnightMoonandTheRunawayBunny.Anotherexampleisthehusband-and-wifeteamofwriterAudreyWoodandillustratorDonWood,whowereresponsibleforKingBidgood’sintheBathtubandTheNappingHouse.Wordlessandnearlywordlesspicturebookhavealsobecomepopular.Withalittlehelp,three-andfour-year-oldscanfollowthesequenceofevents,andtheycanunderstandthestoriessuggestedinthem.Themarvelofbookswithfewornowordsisthattheyallowchildrenandtheirparentstheopportunitytotellandretellthesamestoriesoverandoverintheirownwords.OneofthemostcharmingexamplesofawordlessbookisJanOmerod’sSunshine.BarbaraBerger’sGrandfatherTwilightandDavidWeisner’sTuesdayareexamplesofbookscontainingonlyafewwords.U.S.publishershavealsodrawnonillustrationsfromothercountrieswhoseoriginal,imaginativeworkshavebroughttheirdifferentvisionstoAmericanchildren’sbooks.AmongthemareLeoLionnifromItaly,FeodorRojankovskyfromRussia,andTaroYashimifromJapan.33.Whatisthefunctionofillustrationinchildren’sbooks?34.Whatisthestrengthofchildren’spicturebookswithfewerwords?35.Summarizeinyourownwordssomerepresentativeauthor-illustratorsandtheirmasterpieces.【答案与解析】33.Inthebest,thewordsandillustrationsseemtocomplementeachotherperfectly.Throughsimplylanguageandillustrations,childrencaneasilyfollowthebook.（根据第二段可知，插图的作用就是和文字相辅相成。孩子们通过插图和简单的语言文字就能读懂书。）34.Forchildren’spicturebooks,withalittlehelp,three-andfour-year-oldscanfollowthesequenceofevents,andtheycanunderstandthestoriessuggestedinthem.Themarvelofbookswithfewornowordsisthattheyallowchildrenandtheirparentstheopportunitytotellandretellthesamestoriesoverandoverintheirownwords.（根据倒数第二段可知，这种文字较少的图画书孩子们易于理解，更重要的是，孩子们能够使用自己的语言来复述故事。）35.Anauthor-illustratormeansasinglepersonresponsibleforbothwritingandillustratingthebook.Inthispassage,3representativeauthor-illustratorsareintroduced.ThefirstisDr.Seuss.Hisfirstchildren’sbookAndtoThinkThatIsawItonMulberryStreethitthemarketin1937.In1957,hisTheCatintheHatbecamethefirstbookinRandomHouse’sbest-sellingseries,BeginnerBooks.ThesecondisMaxSendak,whowroteandillustratedWheretheWildThingsAre.ThethirdisRobertMcCloskywhoproducedMakeWayforDucklings.Ofcourse,therearesomegreatauthor-artistteams,forexample,AuthorMargaretWiseBrowncombinedwithillustratorClementHurdtoproduceGoodnightMoonandTheRunawayBunny,thehusband-and-wifeteamofwriterAudreyWoodandillustratorDonWood,whowereresponsibleforKingBidgood’sintheBathtubandTheNappingHouse.（第二段和第三段介绍了几位有代表性的作家-插图画家及他们的相关作品。）Ⅲ.Writing(30points)Somepeoplethinkthatpublicmuseumsandartgalleriesarenotneededbecausepeoplecouldseehistoricalobjectsandworksbyusingcomputers.Doyouagreeordisagree?Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupp