四川师范大学外国语学院《211翻译硕士英语》专业硕士历年考研真题详解



2013年四川师范大学《211翻译硕士英语》考研真题及详解PartⅠCRAMMAR

&VOCABULARY(30points)

Therearethirty

sentencesinthissection.Beneatheachsentencetherearefouranswersmarked

A.B,C,andD.Chooseonethatbestcompletesthesentence.Writeyouranswers

ontheanswersheet

1Untilthen,his

family_____fromhimformorethantenyears.

A.didn’thear

B.hasn’tbeen

hearing

C.hasn’theard

D.hadn’theard

【答案】D查看答案

【解析】句意：在那之前，他的家人已经十多年没有他的消息了。句中有个明确的过去时间点“then”(那时)，而“hadn'theard”发生在then之前(包括then)，所以此句用的是过去完成时。

2_____suchsubject,

theprofessoralsotaughtmathematicsandgeography.

A.Outof

B.Inspiteof

C.Inaddition

to

D.Exceptfor

【答案】C查看答案

【解析】句意：除了这门课，这位教授还教数学和地理。由also可知，“suchsubject”是包括在教授的课程之内的。

3I_____Tom,mycollegeroommate,inthelastthreeyears.

A.saw

B.haveseen

C.haven’tseen

D.see

【答案】A查看答案

【解析】句意：在过去的三年里，我没有见过我的大学室友汤姆。根据时间状语in

thelastthreeyears可知应该用现在完成时。

4Thebossofthecompany_____ariseinsalaryforages,but

nothinghashappenedyet.

A.ispromised

B.hasbeen

promising

C.ispromising

D.promised

【答案】B查看答案

【解析】句意：公司老板承诺涨工资好几年了，但是至今什么也没发生。“承诺”这件事从过去就开始了，直到现在还在进行，并有可能继续持续下去，因此用现在完成进行时。

5Scarcelyhadthe

boatreachedtheopenwater_____itencounteredhighwindsandheavyseas.

A.than

B.As

C.when

D.since

【答案】C查看答案

【解析】句意：船刚驶到开阔的水面就遇到了大风和巨浪。hardly/

barely/scarcely+hadsth.done+whensth.did一……就……。

6_____hasbeen

mentionedabove,theheightofthewallofthePalacehasbeenalreadymeasured.

A.It

B.As

C.This

D.What

【答案】B查看答案

【解析】句意：正如上文所提到的，宫殿墙的高度已经测量过了。这句话是as引导的非限定性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容。

7ThelightestelementisHydrogen,theatom

__consistsofanucleusofonly

oneproton,around_____revolvesoneelectron.

A.ofwhich/which

B.its/which

C.who/it

D.that/which

【答案】A查看答案

【解析】句意：最轻的元素是氢，其原子由仅含一个质子的原子核组成，有一个电子绕着这个原子核转动。第一个空为of+which引导定语从句，of表示从属关系。第二个空为which引导的非限定性定语从句，which指代上文的proton。

8It’sreportedthatbytheendofthisyeartheyieldof

riceinthearea_____byabout20%.

A.willhave

risen

B.hasrisen

C.willbe

rising

D.hasbeen

rising

【答案】A查看答案

【解析】句意：据报道，到今年年底，该地区大米产量将增长约百分之二十。by

theendof表示“到……为止”，如果后面接将来的时间，句中用将来完成时。

9“Itisalongtime_____Isawyoulast.”

“Yes.Anditwill

beastilllongertime_____weseeeachotheragain.”

A.before/since

B.since/before

C.then/then

D.when/when

【答案】B查看答案

【解析】句意：“自从去年见过一面后，我们很长时间没见了。”“是的，再次见面恐怕还要过一段时间。”①“Itis/has+时间+since+含过去时的句子”表示“自从……已经多久了”。②“Itwillbe+时间+before…”表示“在……之前仍需要一段时间”。

10Justasthevalue

ofatelephonenetworkincreaseswitheachnewphone_____tothesystem,

sodoesthevalueofacomputersystemincreasewitheachprogramturnedout.

A.adding

B.tohave

added

C.toadd

D.added

【答案】D查看答案

【解析】句意：正如电话网络的价值随着新电话的加入而增加，计算机系统的价值也随着每个程序的出现而增加。这里考察的是with接复合宾语结构。phone和add之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词作宾补。

11Pleaseexcusemylittlesonifhehasleftanyofyour

questions_____.

A.been

unanswered

B.tounanswer

C.unanswered

D.unanwering

【答案】C查看答案

【解析】句意：如果我的小儿子有什么问题没有回答你，请原谅他。这个句子考查的是“leave+宾语+宾语补足语”。any

ofyourquestions和后面作宾补的动词unanswer为被动关系，因此用过去分词形式。

12_____forthehurricane,thevillagehasbeengreatlydamaged.

A.Therewasno

alarm

B.Therebeingnoalarm

C.Being

withoutalarm

D.Without

beingalarm

【答案】B查看答案

【解析】句意：由于没有飓风警报，这个村庄遭到了严重的破坏。这种结构为独立主格结构，一般充当状语，there是逻辑主语，相当于Becausetherewasnoalarmforthehurricane。

13Nobodylikeshimbecausehe_____tocurryfavorwiththe

boss.

A.isalways

trying

B.alwaystries

C.doesalways

try

D.hasalways

tried

【答案】A查看答案

【解析】句意：没有人喜欢他，因为他总是试图讨好老板。虽然句中有always，但是为了加强语气，应该用现在进行时。

14Lastyear,Georgeearned_____hisbrother,thoughherbrotherhasa

betterposition.

A.twiceas

muchas

B.twiceas

manyas

C.twicethat

D.twiceas

moreas

【答案】A查看答案

【解析】句意：去年，乔治赚的钱是他哥哥的两倍，虽然他哥哥的工作比他的好。“倍数+as+形容词或副词原形+as”的结构表示倍数。这句话中money为不可数名词，因此要用much。

15_____enoughmoney,

Iwouldhaveboughta

largehouse.

A.HadIto

have

B.IfIshould

have

C.HadIhad

D.IfIhad

【答案】C查看答案

【解析】句意：如果我曾经有足够的钱，我会买一幢大房子。由would

havebought可知，这句话是对过去的虚拟，因此从句应该用过去完成时，完整表达应为IfIhadenoughmoney。如果if条件句中如有were,

should,had，可以省去if，并使用倒装语序。

16Inthisfactory,suggestionsoftenhavetowaitformonths

beforetheyarefully_____.

A.admitted

B.acknowledged

C.absorbed

D.considered

【答案】D查看答案

【解析】句意：在这个工厂里，建议往往要等几个月才能被充分考虑。consider考虑；细想。acknowledge承认；答谢。

17Theboyslipped

outoftheroomandheadedfortheswimmingpoolwithouthisparents’_____.

A.command

B.conviction

C.consent

D.compromise

【答案】C查看答案

【解析】句意：在没有得到父母同意的情况下，这个男孩溜出了房间朝游泳池走去。consent同意，赞成。conviction定罪；深信。compromise妥协，折中。command命令，指令。

18Ourresearchhasfocusedonadrugwhichisso_____as

tobeabletochangebrainchemistry.

A.powerful

B.influential

C.monstrous

D.vigorous

【答案】A查看答案

【解析】句意：我们的研究集中在一种药效强劲，能够改变脑部化学的药物。powerful可以形容药物的药效强劲。influential有影响的，有势力的。monstrous巨大的；怪异的。vigorous精力旺盛的。

19ThelostcaroftheLeeswasfound_____inthewoodsoff

thehighway.

A.vanished

B.abandoned

C.scattered

D.rejected

【答案】B查看答案

【解析】句意：莱斯家丢失的汽车被发现遗弃在公路边的树林里。abandon放弃，抛弃。vanish消失；突然不见。scatter驱使，使分散。

20Henry’snewsreportcoveringtheconferencewasso_____

thatnothinghadbeenomitted.

A.

understanding

B.

comprehensible

C.

comprehensive

D.

understandable

【答案】C查看答案

【解析】句意：亨利写的关于这次会议的新闻报道十分全面，没有任何遗漏。comprehensive全面的，广泛的。comprehensible能懂的，可以理解的。understandable可以理解的，主要用来指人的行为。understanding用来指人时，表示“善于理解别人或别人问题的”。

21Shewasafraidthatunlessthetrainspeededupshewould

loseher_____toScotland.

A.ticket

B.place

C.seat

D.connection

【答案】D查看答案

【解析】句意：她担心如果火车不开快一点的话，她就来不及转另一班火车去苏格兰了。connection在这里指“联运（火车、汽车、飞机等）”。loseone's

connectionto误了到……去的（汽车、火车、轮船等）联运。

22Theshipwas_____inastormoffJamaica.

A.drowned

B.sunk

C.wrecked

D.submitted

【答案】C查看答案

【解析】句意：那艘船在牙买加海域附近的风暴中失事。wreck破坏；失事。sink可作及物动词，意思是“使下沉”，但是在这句话中不妥。drown淹死。submit使服从；主张。

23Morethanone-thirdoftheChineseintheUnitedStateslivein

California,_____inSanFrancisco.

A.previously

B.predominantly

C.practically

D.permanently

【答案】B查看答案

【解析】句意：在美国，三分之一的华人住在加利福尼亚州，其中主要是旧金山。predominantly主要地。practically实际地；几乎。

24Thenewsecretaryhaswrittenaremarkably_____reportonlyin

afewpagesbutwithallthedetails.

A.concise

B.clear

C.precise

D.elaborate

【答案】A查看答案

【解析】句意：新来的秘书写了一篇非常简明的报道，短短几页就包含了所有的细节。concise简明的，简洁的。precise精确的；明确的。elaborate精心制作的；详尽的。

25Thecarwascompletely_____andthedriverseriouslyinjured.

A.brokenoff

B.takenoff

C.writtenoff

D.pickedup

【答案】C查看答案

【解析】句意：这辆车完全报废了，司机受了重伤。writeoff勾销；报废。breakoff折断；突然停止。takeoff起飞；脱下。

26Themanagingdirectortookthe_____fortheaccident

althoughitwasnotreallyhisfault.

A.guilt

B.change

C.blame

D.accusation

【答案】C查看答案

【解析】句意：总经理承担了这次事故的责任，虽然并不是他的错。take

theblamefor承担……责任。takechargeof接管，负责。

27Theworkeragreedto_____thestrikeifthecompanywould

satisfytheirdemands.

A.callfor

B.callforth

C.calloff

D.callup

【答案】C查看答案

【解析】句意：如果公司能满足他们的要求，工人们同意停止罢工。call

off取消；依次叫走。callfor需要，要求。callforth唤起。callup打电话，召集。

28Hehasimpressedhisemployersconsiderablyand_____he

issoontobepromoted.

A.eventually

B.yet

C.finally

D.accordingly

【答案】D查看答案

【解析】句意：他给老板留下了非常深刻的印象，因此很快得到了提拔。accordingly因此，于是。

29Itwasagreat_____forhimto

bepleasanttopeoplehedidn’tlike.

A.attempt

B.trouble

C.power

D.effort

【答案】D查看答案

【解析】句意：对他来说，对自己不喜欢的人友善需要极大的努力。effort在这里作可数名词。

30Thefiremen

managedto_____thefireintime.

A.extinguish

B.prevent

C.suppress

D.rain

【答案】A查看答案

【解析】句意：消防员们成功地及时扑灭火灾。extinguish扑灭，熄灭。suppress抑制；镇压。

PARTⅡREADING

COMPREHENSION

SECTIONA(30points)

Inthissection

thereareseveralpassagesfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatement,each

withfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatyouthink

isthebestanswerWriteyouranswersontheanswersheet.

TEXTA

Arecentstudy,publishedinlastweek’s

JournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation,offersapictureofhowriskyitistogetaliftfromateenagedriver.

Indeed,a16-year-olddriverwiththreeormorepassengersisthreetimesas

likelytohaveafatalaccidentasateenagerdrivingalone.Bycontrast,the

riskofdeathfordriversbetween30and59decreaseswitheachadditional

passenger.

Theauthorsalso

foundthatthedeathratesforteenagedriversincreaseddramaticallyafter10

p.m.,andespeciallyaftermidnight.Withpassengersinthecar,thedriverwas

evenmorelikelytodieinalate-nightaccident.

RobertFoss,a

scientistattheUniversityofNorthCarolinaHighwaySafetyResearchCenter,

saysthehigherdeathratesforteenagedrivershavelesstodowith“really

stupidbehavior”thanwithjustalackofdrivingexperience.“Thebasicissue”

hesays,“isthatadultswhoareresponsibleforissuinglicensesfailtorecognize

howcomplexandskilledataskdrivingis.”

Bothheandthe

authorofthestudybelievethatthewaytomitigatetheproblemistohave

statesinstituteso-calledgraduatedlicensingsystemsinwhichgettinga

licenseisamultistageprocess.Agraduatedlicenserequiresthatateenager

firstprovehimselfcapableofdrivinginthepresenceofanadultfollowedby

aperiodofdrivingwithnightorpassengerrestrictionsbeforegraduatingto

fulldrivingprivileges.

Graduated

licensingsystemshavereducedteenagedrivercrashesaccordingtorecent

studies.Abouthalfofthestatesnowhavesomesortofgraduatedlicensing

systeminplace,butonlyl0ofthosestateshaverestrictionsonpassengers.

Californiaisthestricter,withanovicedriverprohibitedfromcarryingany

passengerunder20(withoutthepresenceofanadultover25)forthefirstsix

months.

31Whichofthefollowingsituationsis

mostdangerousaccordingtothepassage?

A.Adults

givingalifttoteenagersonthehighwayaffair10p.m.

B.Ateenager

drivingaftermidnightwithpassengersinthecar.

C.Adults

drivingwiththreeormoreteenagepassengerslateatnight.

D.Ateenager

gettingaliftfromastrangeronthehighwayatmidnight.

32AccordingtoParagraph3,whichofthe

followingstatementsisTRUE?

A.Teenagers

shouldspendmoretimelearningtodrive.

B.Drivingisa

skilltoocomplicatedforteenagerstolearn.

C.Restrictions

shouldbeimposedonteenagersapplyingtotakedrivinglessons.

D.The

licensingauthoritiesarepartlyresponsibleforteenagers’drivingaccidents.

33Thepresentsituationinabouthalfofthestatesisthatthe

graduatedlicensingsystem______

A.isunder

discussion

B.isaboutto

besetup

C.hasbeenput

intoeffect

D.hasbeen

perfected

【答案与解析】

31B 根据第二段句子“…increasedsharplyafter10p.m.,andespeciallyaftermidnight.

Withpassengersinthecar,thedriver…”可以推断出，青少年午夜之后驾车载人是最危险的时候。所以答案选B。

32D 根据第三段最后“…adultswhoareresponsibleforissuing

licensesfailtorecognizehowcomplexandskilledataskdrivingis.”可以判断，RobertFoss认为负责发放驾照的成年人没能认识到驾驶汽车非常复杂且技术性很强。所以他们对青少年司机的车祸问题负有责任。

33C 文中最后一段讲到“Abouthalfofthestatesnowhavesome

sortofgraduatedlicensingsysteminplace”，据此可知，这种发证系统已经在半数以上的州得以实施。

TEXTB

AboutsixyearsagoIwaseatinglunchina

restaurantinNewYorkCitywhenawomanandayoung

boysatdownatthenexttable,Icouldn’thelpoverhearingpartsoftheir

conversation.Atonepointthewomanasked,“So,howhaveyoubeen?”Andthe

boy—whocouldnothavebeenmorethansevenoreightyearsold—replied.”Frankly,

I’vebeenfeelingalittledepressedlately.”

Thisincident

stuckinmymindbecauseitconfirmedmygrowingbeliefthatchildrenare

changing.AsfarasIcanremember,myfriendsandIdidn’tfindoutwewere

“depressed”,thatis,inlowspirits,untilwewereinhighschool.

Undoubtedlya

changeinchildrenhasincreasedsteadilyinrecentyears.Childrendon’tseem

childlikeanymore.Childrenspeakmorelikeadults,dressmorelikeadultsand

behavemorelikeadultsthantheyusedto.

Whetherthisis

goodorbadisdifficulttosay,butitcertainlyisdifferent.Childhoodasit

oncewasnolongerexists.Why?

Human

developmentisdependednotonlyonbornbiologicalstates,butalsoon

patternsofgainingsocialknowledge.Movementfromonesocialroletoanother

usuallyinvolveslearningthesecretsofthenewsocialpositions.Children

havealwaysbeentaughtadultsecrets,butslowlyandinstages;traditionally,

wetellsixthgradersthingswekeephiddenfromfifthgraders.

Inthelast30

years,however,asecret-revelationmachinehasbeenequippedin98percentof

Americanhomes.Itiscalledtelevision.Televisionpassesinformationtoall

viewersalike,whethertheyarechildrenoradults.Unabletoresistthe

temptation,manychildrenturntheirattentionfromprintedtextstotheless

challenging,moreattractivemovingpictures.

Communicationthroughprint,asamatteroffact,allowsforagreat

dealofcontroloverthesocialinformationwhichchildrenwillgain.Childrenmustreadsimplebooksbeforetheycanreadcomplex

materials.

34Accordingtotheauthor,feeling

depressedis________.

A.asuresign

ofapsychologicalprobleminachild

B.something

hardlytobeexpectedinayoungchild

C.an

inevitablehasofchildren’smentaldevelopment

D.amental

scalepresentinallhumans,includingchildren

35Thephenomenonthattoday’schildren

seemadultlikeisattributedbytheauthorto________.

A.the

widespreadinfluenceoftelevision

B.thepoor

arrangementofteachingcontent

C.thefast

paceofhumanintellectualdevelopment

D.the

constantlyrisingstandardofliving

36Whyistheauthorinfavorof

communicationthroughprintforchildren?

A.Itenables

childrentogainmoresocialinformation.

B.Itdevelops

children’sinterestinreadingandwriting.

C.Ithelps

childrentomemorizeandpracticemore.

D.Itcan

controlwhatchildrenaretolearn.

37Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthe

changeintoday’schildren?

A.Hefeels

amusedbychairprematurebehavior.

B.Hethinksit

isaphenomenonworthyofnote.

C.Heconsiders

itapositivedevelopment.

D.Heseemsto

beupsetaboutit.

【答案与解析】

34B 作者第一段讲述了听到一个小孩说自己“depressed”，作者对此很惊讶，第二段说到他和他的朋友直到高中才发现自己会情绪低落，由此可见作者认为对于年龄小的孩子来说，“depressed”是很难想象的。

35A 根据第六段“Televisionpassesinformationtoallviewersalike,whethertheyare

childrenoradults.”可知，作者认为是电视的普及让孩子们出现了这样的特征。

36D 由最后一段“Communicationthroughprint…controloverthesocialinformation

whichchildrenwillgain.”可知，作者认为印刷媒介可以控制孩子们所获得的信息。

37B 文章中，作者提出了孩子们的变化并分析了原因，最后给出了解决措施，根据作者的语气和观点可以看出，他认为孩子们的这些变化应该引起人们足够的重视。

TEXTC

Hawaii’snative

minorityisdemandingagreaterdegreeofsovereigntyoveritsownaffairs.But

muchofthearchipelago’spoliticalestablishment,whichincludestheWhite

AmericanswhodominateduntiltheSecondWorldWarandpeopleofJapanese,

ChineseandFilipinoorigin,isopposedtotheidea.

Theislandswere

annexedbytheUSin1898andsincethenHawaii’snativepeopleshavefared

worsethananyofitsotherethnicgroups.Theymakeupover60percentofthe

state’shomeless,sufferlevelsofunemploymentandtheirlifespanisfive

yearslessthantheaverageHawaiians.TheyaretheonlymajorUSnativegroup

withoutsomedegreeofautonomy.

Buta

sovereigntyadvisorycommitteesetupbyHawaii’sfirstnativegovernor,John

Waihee,hasgiventhenatives’causeamajorboostberecommendingthattheHawaiian

nativesdecidebythemselveswhethertore-establishasovereignHawaiian

nation.

However,the

Hawaiiannativesarenotunitedintheirdemands.Somejustwantgreater

autonomywiththestate—asenjoyedbymanyAmericanIndiannativesovermatters

suchaseducation.ThisisapositionsupportedbytheOfficeofHawaiian

Affairs(OHA),astateagencysetupin1978torepresenttonatives’interests

andwhichhasnowbecomethemoderatefaceofthenativesovereigntymovement.

MoreambitiousintheKaLahuigroup,whichdeclareditselfanewnationin

1987andwantsfull,officialindependencefromtheUS.

ButifHawaiian

nativesaregivengreaterautonomy,itisfarfromclearhowmanypeoplethis

willapplyto.Thestateauthoritiesonlycountasnativethosepeoplewith

morethan50percentHawaiianblood.

Nativedemands

arenotjustbasedonpoliticalgrievances,though.Theyalsowanttheirclaim

on660,000hectaresofHawaiiancrownlandtobeaccepted.Itisonthisissue

thatnativegroupsarefacingmostoppositionfromthestateauthorities.In

1933,thestategovernmentpaidtheOHAUS$136millioninbackrentonthe

crownlandandmanyofficialssaythatbyacceptingthispaymenttheagencyhas

givenupitsclaimstolegallyowntheland.TheOHAhasvigorouslydisputed

this.

38WhichofthefollowingstatementistrueoftheHawaiian

natives?

A.Theyarethe

onlynativegroupwithoutsovereignty.

B.Theirlife

spanis5yearsshorterthanaverageAmericans.

C.Sixty

percentofthemarehomelessorunemployed.

D.Theirlife

isworsethanthatofotherethnicgroupsinHawaii.

39Whichofthe

followinggroupsholdsalessradicalattitudeonthematterofsovereignty?

A.TheHawaiian

natives.

B.American

Indiannatives.

C.Officeof

HawaiianAffairs.

D.TheKaLahui

group.

40WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofJohnWaihee?

A.Hesuggested

thatthenativepeopledecideforthemselves.

B.Heis

leadingthelocalindependencemovement.

C.HeisHawaii’s

firstnativegovernor.

D.Hehassetup

asovereigntyadvisorycommittee.

41VariousnativeHawaiiansdemandallthefollowing

EXCEPT______.

A.moreback

rentonthecrownland

B.full

independencefromtheUS

C.agreater

autonomywithinthestate

D.aclaimon

theHawaiiancrownland

【答案与解析】

38D 根据第二段第一句“...sincethenHawaii'snativepeoplehavefaredworsethananyof

itsotherethnicgroups”可知，夏威夷原住民的生活比其他民族差。

39C 第四段中提到OfficeofHawaiianAffairs“hasnowbecomethemoderatefaceofthenativesovereigntymovement”，moderate与题干中的lessradical相对应。

40B 文章第三段中提到JohnWaihee是夏威夷第一位土著人州长，他建立了一个主权建议委员会，并建议夏威夷土著人自己决定是否要成立一个主权国家，但是并未提到他领导了当地的独立解放运动，所以选B。

41A 文章第四段指出“...somejustwantgreaterautonomywithinthestate”，后面又指出“...moreambitiousisthe

KaLahuigroup,which...wantsfull,officialindependencefromtheUS”，文章最后一段又提到“...theyalsowant

theirclaimon660,000hectaresofHawaiiancrownlandtobeaccepted”，由此可见选项B，C，D文章中都提到了，所以正确选项为A。

TEXTD

Manyofthemost

damagingandlifethreateningtypesofweathertorrentialrains,severe

thunderstorms,andtornadoes--beginquickly,strikesuddenly,anddisappear

rapidly,destroyingsmallregionswhileleavingneighboringareasuntouched.

SucheventasatornadostruckthenortheasternsectionofEdmonton,Alberta,

inJuly1987.Totaldamagesfromthetornadoexceeded$250million,the

highesteverforanyCanadianstorm.

Conventional

computermodelsoftheatmospherehavelimitedvalueinpredictingshortlived

localstormsliketheEdmontontornado,becausetheavailableweatherdataare

generallynotdetailedenoughtoallowcomputerstostudycarefullythesubtle

atmosphericchangesthatcomebeforethesestorms.Inmostnations,for

example,weather-balloonobservationsaretakenjustonceeverytwelvehours

atlocationstypicallyseparatedbyhundredsofmiles.Withsuchlimiteddata,

conventionalforecastingmodelsdoamuchbetterjobpredictinggeneralweather

conditionsoverlargeregionsthantheydoforecastingspecificlocalevents.

Untilrecently,

theobservationintensiveapproachneededforaccurate,veryshort-range

forecasts,or“Nowcasts”,wasnotfeasible.Thecostofequippingand

operatingmanythousandsofconventionalweatherstationswasextremelyhigh,

andthedifficultiesinvolvedinrapidlycollectingandprocessingtheraw

weatherdatafromsuchanetworkwerehardtoovercome.Fortunately,scientific

andtechnologicaladvanceshaveovercomemostoftheseproblems.Radarsystems,

automatedweatherinstruments,andsatellitesareallcapableofmakingdetailed,

nearlycontinuousobservationoverlargeregionsatarelativelylowcost.

Communicationssatellitescantransmitdataaroundtheworldcheaplyand

instantaneously,andmodemcomputerscanquicklycompileandanalyzethislarge

volumeofweatherinformation.Meteorologistsandcomputerscientistsnowwork

togethertodesigncomputerprogramsandvideoequipmentcapableof

transformingrawweatherdataintowords,symbols,andvividgraphicdisplays

thatforecasterscaninterpreteasilyandquickly.Asmeteorologistshavebegun

usingthesenewtechnologiesinweatherforecastingoffices,nowcastingis

becomingareality.

42Conventional

computermodelsoftheatmospherefailstopredictsuchashort-livedtornadobecause

______.

A.thecomputer

isnotusedtoforecastspecificlocalevents

B.the

computersarenotadvancedenoughtopredictit

C.theweather

datapeoplecollectareoftenwrong.

D.weather

conditionsinsomesmallregionsarenotavailable

43Accordingtothepassage,theword“Nowcasts”(paragraph3)

means______.

A.awayof

collectingrawweatherdata

B.aforecast

whichcanpredicttheweatherconditionsinthesmallareainanaccurateway

C.anetworkto

collectinstantweatherdata

D.amore

advancedsystemofweatherobservation

44Accordingtotheauthor,thepassagemainlydealswith______.

A.atornadoin

Edmonton,Alberta

B.what’sa

“Nowcasts”

C.the

disadvantageofconventionalcomputermodelsoftheweatherfore-cast

D.a

breakthroughinweatherforecast

【答案与解析】

42D 第一段讲到，传统的大气电脑模式没能对此进行预测，原因在于可获得的天气数据细节太少，不足以让计算机进行研究和预测。故选D。

43B 根据该词前面的解释“accurate,short-rangeforecasts”可以推断出Nowcast的意思为“准确、及时的天气预报”。

44D 文章一开始讲述了某次龙卷风造成的损失，并指出直到最近，由于高科技的发展解决了人们收集天气数据时的种种问题，才使得Nowcast这种准确、及时的天气预报成为现实。因此，文章主要讲述天气预报方面的一大突破。

TEXTE

Iamoneofthemanycitypeoplewhoare

alwayssayingthatgiventhechoicewewouldprefer

toliveinthecountryawayfromthedirtandnoiseofalargecity.Ihave

managedtoconvincemyselfthatifitweren’tformyjobIwouldimmediately

headoutfortheopenspacesandgobacktonatureinsomesleepyvillage

buriedinthecountry.Buthowrealisticisthedream?

Citiescanbe

frighteningplaces.Themajorityofthepopulationlivesinmassivetower

blocks,noisy,dirtyandimpersonal.Thesenseofbelongingtoacommunity

tendstodisappearwhenyoulivefifteenfloorsup.Allyoucanseefromyour

windowissky,orotherblocksofflats.Childrenbecomeaggressiveand

nervous—coopedupathomeallday,withnowheretoplay;theirmothersfeel

isolatedfromtherestoftheworld.Strangelyenough,whereasinthepastthe

inhabitantsofonestreetallkneweachother,nowadayspeopleontiresame

floorintowerblocksdon’tevensayhellotoeachother.

Countrylife,on

theotherhand,differsfromthiskindofisolatedexistenceinthatasenseof

communitygenerallybindstheinhabitantsofsmallvillagestogether.People

havetheadvantageofknowingthatthereisalwayssomeonetoturntowhenthey

needhelp.Butcountrylifehasdisadvantagestoo.Whileitistruethatyou

maybeamongfriendsinavillage,itisalsotruethatyouarecutofffrom

theexcitingandimportanteventsthattakeplaceincities.There’slittle

possibilityofgoingtoanewshoworthelatestmovie.Shoppingbecomesa

majorproblem,andforanythingslightlyoutoftheordinaryyouhavetogoon

anexpeditiontothenearestlargetown.Thecity-dwellerwholeavesforthe

countryisoftenoppressedbyasenseofunbearablestillnessandquietness.

What,then,is

theanswer?Thecountryhastheadvantageofpeaceandquiet,butsuffersfrom

thedisadvantageofbeingcutoff;thecitybreedsafeelingofisolation,and

constantnoisebattersthesenses.Butoneofitsmainadvantagesisthatyou

areatthecentreofthings;andthatlifedoesn’tcometoanendathalfpast

nineatnight.Somepeoplehavefound(orratherbought)acompromisebetween

thetwo:theyhaveexpressedtheirpreferenceforthe“quietlife”byleaving

thesuburbsandmovingtovillageswithincommutingdistanceoflargecities.

Theygenerallyhaveaboutasmuchsensitivityastheplasticflowerstheyleave

behind—theyarepollutedwithstrangeideasaboutchangeandimprovementwhich

theyforceontotheunwillingoriginalinhabitantsofthevillage.

Whatthenofmy

dreamsofleaningonacottagegateandmurmuring“morning”tothelocalsas

theypassby?I’mkeenontheidea,butyouseethere’smycat,Toby.I’mnot

atallsurethathewouldtaketoallthatfreshairandexerciseinthelong

grass.Imean,canyouseehimmixingwithallthoseheartymalesdownthefarm?

No,hewouldratherhavetheelectricimitation-coalfireanyevening.

45Wegettheimpressionfromthefirstparagraphthatthe

author_____.

A.usedtolive

inthecountry

B.usedtolive

inthecity

C.worksinthe

city

D.livesinthe

country

46Intheauthor’sopinion,thefollowingmaycausecitypeople

tobeunhappyEXCEPT_____.

A.astrong

senseoffear

B.alackof

communication

C.housing

conditions

D.asenseof

isolation

47Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingadjectivesbestdescribesthose

peoplewhoworkinlargecitiesandliveinvillages?

A.Original

B.Quiet

C.Arrrogant

D.Insensitive

48Doyouthinktheauthorwillmovetothecountry?

A.Yes,hewill

doso

B.No,hewill

notdoso

C.Itis

difficulttotell

D.Heisin

minds

【答案与解析】

45C 第一段作者提到“Iamoneofthemanycitypeoplewho…”，后面又说到，如果不是因为工作，他可能会立马回到自然中，由此可见作者在城市里工作。

46A 根据第二段中