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ThereareseveralaspectsoflanguageandspeakingthatIwouldliketofocusontodayforconsiderationstoallowyoutoimprovemovingforward.
First,theareaofpronunciationanddelivery.Someofyou,especiallywhenyouarenervous,shouldfocusmoreondictionandpronunciation.Specifically,trynottoswallowyourarticleslike"a"and"the"orlittleconnectorslike"of"Takeabreath,takeyourtime.andleteachwordbesounded.Similarly,makesureyousoundfinalconsonants,especiallythe"-ed"inyourpasttenses.ThisisoneofthethingsthatChinese,eventhegoodones,thereallygoodones,whenyoustartspeakingquicklyandpassionately,forget.So,payalotofattentionandbeconsciousthatthat'ssomethingthatyoumayknowthatthegrammars,grammaticalandstructuralrulesandnotsoundthatfinalconsonantoryoumaybealittlefuzzyonwhatthepasttenses,butthatsome-thingthatmakesabigdifferenceinacompetition,
Finally,intheareaofpronunciationforallyoustudents,notjustthecontestantsheretoday,please,theword"the",th-:putyourtonguebetweenyourteeth.It'snot"da,"it's"the";it'snot"der."it's"their";it'snot"utter."it's"other."Youcandothis,youcandothis,Practiceonthewaytoclass,practiceintheshower,practicewhereverbutdon'tsay"da,"it's"the."
SecondcategoryoffeedbackisIwanttotalkverybrieflyaboutlexiconandvocabulary.AsImentioned,Ifeltthatyouruseoflexiconintoday'spresentationwasquitesophisticatedandshowedalotofpreparation.Mostofyoumayhavenoticedthatinthecontemporaneous,spontaneousremarksandquestions,thelevelofvocabularycamedownanotchortwo.That'sverynatural:some-thingthatweallhavetoworkon.ButtherewereacoupleofIthink.there'sthreeexamplesthatI'dliketosharewithyoutotakehometoworkon.Numberone,sincethetopicwasecology,whenyoutalkaboutlivinginharmonywithdazaren,isit"thenature"or"nature'?Nature!I'snot"thenature"!"Thenature"isshenrnashenmadongxidexingzhi,so,thatwaslikeoneofthoseerrorsthat.umm,cameupbecauseofthethemeofthespeech,butthat'ssomethingyoucanrememberrightnow,"Liveinharmonywith...nature."'Second,somesmallthingsthatInoted,someofyoumessedup"emphasized"with"emphasis"---it'sacommonmistake.Andoneofthecontestantswastalkingabouthowimportantitwastobeawareoftheenvironmentandthatweshouldgenerateawarenessofenvironmenttohelpusthinkofwaystoimproveit,andshe,Ithinkitwasshe,said"weshouldgetaconsensusoftheenvironment,"Ithinksheprobablymeant"sense.""getasenseoftheenvironment"asanawareness.So,littlethingslikethat.Becarefulsemantically.Ifyoureachtheupperlevelsoflanguage,it'sveryeasytochooseawrongwordandIguessmyadviceforyouwouldbe,"Whenindoubt,checkadictionaryfornuanceandproperusage."becausewhenyou'reinthelowerlevelsyou'renotusingthosefancywords.Butwhenyougetupintheupperlevels,liketoday,they'reveryimportant.
Finally,mylastcategoryoffeedbackforyouisintheareaofdiscourseandorganization.Thisisveryimportantinspeakingcontests,it'sveryimportantwhenyou'retranslatingattheupperlevels,andit'simportantinadultlifewhenyou'reworkingintheworldofworkwhereyou'renolongertalkingsimplyaboutyourselfandyourfamily,butotherthings,issues.Today'scontestantsdemonstratedawidevarietyofrhetoricalstylesintheirpreparedspeeches.Manyofthecandidatesshowedasophisticateduseoflinguisticregister,andregisteris,asyouknow.usinglanguagethatisappropriateforaspecificpurposeforaspecificsocialcontext.ThereasonlmentionregisteristhatforlearnersofEnglishasasecondlanguage,thehighertheregister,themoredifficultitistospeakaccurately,coherently,andpersuasively.Right?So,today,oneofthecontestantsmadeaveryinsightfulremarkandsaid,Iquote,"ThehigherlevelofEnglishIspeak,themoremistakesImake."Rememberthat'?Actually.WhatshemeantbythiswasthatshewashavingtroublecommunicatingsophisticatedideasandargumentsinEnglishwithoutmakingerrorsingrammarorusage.UniversitystudentslearningEnglishcanimprovetheirabilitytospeaknaturallyinhighregistersandhighlevelofdiscourseandcansustainahighlevelofdiscoursebydoingafewthingsandthesearethethreepiecesofadviceIwillleaveforyoubeforeIconcludemyremarks.So,thisisadviceteachersandstudentsforhowtobuildthatcompetencyandhighlevelofdiscourse.
Numberone:Readtextsthatrepresentahighlevelofdiscourse.Soakupthatlanguage.But,rememberthatwrittentexthasadiscoursethatisseparatefromspokendiscourse.Someofyouwerespeakingtodayinvery.kindofwritten-proselanguage,andyoumaynotwanttodothatinthefuture.
Numbertwo,pieceofadvice:Makeataperecordingofyourselftalkingaboutabstracttopicsorcomplextopicsandthengobackandlistentoitandlistentohowitsounds:ifit'scohesiveandcoherent'?Arethereerrors?Thengoback,practiceagain,anddoitasecondtimelikeeditingawrittentextbut,infact,it'saspokentext.Youwillhearwhatyou'redoingthatcouldbeimproved,evenyou,andofcourseifyouhaveteachers,that'sevenbetter,butyou,yourselfwillhear.
Finally,mylastpieceofadviceforyouisthatyoushouldpracticebuilding.Iflanguage,ifspokenlanguage,waslikeahouseyoushouldpracticebuildingthehousebrickbybrick,storeybystorey,soyouallcandobasicsentencesnow,clearly.And,mostofyouareprettygoodatbuildingparagraphs,butsomeofyouarenotyetperfecthousebuildersintermsofdiscourseandorganization.Soyouwanttopracticewritingcompoundandcomplexsentences,andthenweavethosetogetherintoparagraphsandyou'llweavethoseparagraphsintothefullspokentext.Weavethemtogether,pushyourselftogoforthediscourseandwovennaturesothatnotonlythethoughtflows,butit'scoherent.And.Ithinkyou'llagreewithme,thatsomeofthemostcompellingspeechesthatweheardtodaydisplayedthistypecoherenceandsortofnaturalprogressionofideas,lfyoudothat,there'snodoubtinmymindthatyoucanprogressatthisarea.
Inconclusion,Iwouldliketoquoteoneofourquestionmasters,whosaidtodaythat,"Lifeisajourney,notthearrival."thatyoufocusonthejourneynotthearrival.Languagelearningislifelong.Lifelong.So,asyoumoveforward,languagelearningenjoytheanizeyourideas.OnepointIwanttoemphasizeisthatyoushouldhaveyourownapproach,yourownoriginalideas.Ifyouonlyborrowthingsfromothersorcopythingsfromsomereadymaterialsortextbooks,yourspeechisboundtofail.Inthiscontestwehearsomeexpressionsagainandagain.Then,weknowyouhavebeenborrowingthingsfromthesamesource.Toquotefromoneofthetopicsforimpromptuspeech:“Imaginationismoreimportantthanknowledge.”ThisisaquotationfromEinstein.Ifwewanttheworldtomoveforward,weneedimagination,andweneedcreativity.
对即兴演讲的建议:Whenyouprepareyourimpromptuspeech,themostimportant
thingistobeclearaboutthetopicyouhavechosen.Ifyoumissthepoint,howeverfluentandexpressiveyouare,yougetapoormark.Forexample,thereisatopic:Toerrishuman;toforgiveisdivine.Whenyouchoosethistopic,youshouldknowitmeanseverybodymakesmistakes,butifyouareabletoforgiveotherpeople’smistakes,thenyouareabetterbeing.Theemphasisisthesecondhalf.Ifyouonlytalkabouthowtodoyourbesttocorrectyourmistakes,youmissthepoint.Ifeelthispartisthemostdifficultpartofthecontest.Youhavetobequickforyoudon’thavemuchtimetoprepare;youhavetobeknowledgeableforyoumustunderstandthemeaningofthetopicproperly.对选手提出更高要求:So,youmusthaverealizedthecontesthasbecomemoredemanding,.Youneedtohavesomethingmorecreative.Andnextyear,youwouldbeexpectedtobeatanewandhigherstage.
IamsureeveryonewouldliketojoinwithmeinsayingthattheOrganizingCommitteehaschosenaverygoodthemeforthepreparedspeech,thatis,“Doesoneplusoneequaltwo?”whichisverythoughtprovokingandleavesplentyofroomforyourimagination.AsIsaidattheverybeginning,wehavebeenenjoyingthecontestthoroughlyandtremendouslybecause,the92contestantsapproachedthethemefromdifferentperspectives,wellresearched,withgoodthoughtsaswellasinterestingideas.Andweareverypleasedtosee,mostofyoudeliveredyourspeechwithgoodpronunciation,cleararticulation,withgoodeyecontactandapropermanner.Youhavealsodemonstratedyourremarkableanalyticalability.ButthereisonethingIwouldliketomention.Withalittlebitmoresenseofhumor,youmighthaveentertainedyouraudiencemore。OnethingthatimpressesusmostisthatsomeofyouareveryfluentspeakersofEnglish.ButonepointthatI’dliketomakeis,fluencydoesn’tmeanhaste.Someofyouspokeveryfast,ortoofast,thatthespeakerhimselfgotcarriedaway;buttheaudiencegotlost.We’vealsonoticedsomesmallpronunciationproblems,suchas,weheardsomecontestantssay,/tek'nɔlədʒ/,/'enədʒ/,insteadof/tek'nɔlədʒI/,/'enədʒI/for“technology”and“energy”.Andweheardsomesay/'tʃaInər/,/'kɔ:nər/,insteadof/'tʃaInə/,/'kɔ:nə/.Ihaven’tgottimetocheckwithmyAmericanfriendsyetiftheywouldidentifythatwiththeAmericanaccent.Iverymuchdoubtit。Comparedwiththepreparedspeech,generallyspeaking,yourperformancewassomewhatweakerinyourimpromptuspeech.It’snotsurprising,becausethatisaverytoughandchallengingtaskandyouareonlygiven15minutestogetyourselfpreparedtotalkaboutagiventopic.Imustsayallthosetopicsfortheimpromptuspeechareverywell-designed,thoughsomeofthemaremorestraightforward,whileothersdoneedabitmorehardthinking。Quiteanumberofyouweregivenquotations.So,whenyoufacethosequotations,I’mafraidyouhavetointerpretitandtogetthemessageofitfirst.Andthenyouputyourunderstandingandyourargumentsintoalogicalorderanddeliverittoinformortopersuadetheaudience。HereIwouldliketopickuptwoofthemtohelpdrivemypointhome.Lookatthisone,whichisaquotationfromAlvinToffler.Itreads,“Theilliterateofthe21stcenturywillnotbethosewhocannotreadandwrite,butthosewhocannotlearn,unlearn,andrelearn。”Whatdoesitmean?Whatmessagedoesthewriterintendtogetacross?Iwonderifyouhaveheardofthisphrase—“lifelonglearning”.Haveyou?Pleaseputupyourhandifyouhave.Oh,that’sgood.Thenyouhavethebasicknowledgetointerpretthisquotation.Why21stcentury?Becauseinthiscentury,theworldischangingfast.One’slearningnolongerendsupwiththecompletionofone’sschoolingtime,andone’slearningshouldgoonthroughoutone’swholelife.Oneoftheaimsofeducationincollegeshouldbetomakethestudentslearnhowtolearn.Andthenwhenyoustepintothisfastchangingworld,you’llbeabletocarryonlearningtofaceandadapttotheever-lastingchanges.Youwillknowhowtolearntocatchup,toupdateandtoenrichyourself.Therefore,ifyoudidn’thavethisknowledge,ifyoudidn’tknowthisnewconceptineducation,itwouldbedifficultforyoutointerpret“learn,unlearn,andrelearn”fromthequotation。Andlet’slookattheotherone.“WereachedtheMoonandcomeback,butwefindittroublesometocrossourownstreetandmeetourneighbors。”Sowhatmessagedoesthewriterwanttoconveyhere?WhyaretheMoonandthestreetandneighborsmentionedhere?What’stheconnection?Isn’titsomethingaboutestablishinghumanrelations,andaboutadvocatingcommunicationbetweenpeople?WereachedtheMoon,havingcoveredsuchalongdistance,however,itissodifficultforustoreach,tocontact,totalk,tocommunicatewithourneighborsjustacrosstheroad.Here“street”couldalsorefertotheboundarybetweentwocountries.However,thismessagewasn’treflectedinyourperformance。Ijustwanttoc
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