2022-2023学年四川省成都市成华区高一（下）期末英语试卷（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年四川省成都市成华区高一（下）期末英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）ASelf-WateringPlanterThisprojectaimstoprovideahouseholddecorationthatcanbeusedtoautomatically（自动）waterplantswhentheirownersforgettodoso.

Step1：Youwillneed：•Acottonshirt•Twopots•Wires•Safetyglasses•Scissors（剪子）•Pliers（钳子）•Aplant!

Weshouldbuyapotfor＄4，andaplantfor＄5.

Step2：Cutafireandformacircleinthecenterofeachstraightenedwire.Thediameter（直径）ofthecircleneedstomatchthediameterofthesmallpotat1inchesfromthebase.Twistthecircletofixfirmlyitsposition.Ifneeded，useapairofplierstoformatightertwist.

Step3：Taketheendsofthefirstwirecirclestructureandfeedthemthroughthesecondcircle.Then，feedtheendsofthesecondcirclestructurethroughthefirstcircle.Finally，pullthestructuressothatthecirclesoverlap.

Step4：Centerthewireframeonthelargepot，andinsertthebaseofthesmallpotintotheloop.Adjust（调整）thewireframesothatthewireframeandbaseofthesmallpotsitslightlybelowthelipofthelargepot.

Step5：Foreachendonthewirestructure，cutthewiretoalengththatwillsecurelyhook（勾住）thelipofthelargepot.Usingpliers，bendthewiretoformthiscircle.Thenformandcutasnecessary.Boththelengthandangleofeachhookwillhavetobetakenintoaccount.

Step6：UsethescissorstocutastripofclothfromtheT-shirt.Makesuretocutenoughclothsothatthewick（灯芯）closelyfitsthediameteroftheholeinbottomofthesmallpot.Dividethetoppartofthewickintothreestrips.

Step7：Feedthewickthroughtheholeinthebottomofthesmallpot，sothatthedividedpartofthewickisinthepot.Evenlyplacethestripsaroundtheinsideofthesmallpot.

Step8：Placethepottedplantintothewireframe.Pourwaterinthelargepot.Enjoyyourself-wateringplant!1.Whatisthepurposeofthisproject？______A.Tocleanthehouse. B.Towaterplants.

C.Togrowplants. D.Tofeedfood.2.Howmuchshouldyoupayforthisproject？______A.＄13. B.＄9. C.＄5. D.＄4.3.WhatisStep6inthisproject？______A.Putinsidewickandpottheplant.

B.Collectthefinalproduct.

C.Acquirematerials，likecloth.

D.Createthewick.BTheevolutionofbutterfliescontinuesveryfast.Specieswithlargerwingspans（翼幅）haveexpandedtheirrangeinhigh-latitudepartsofNorthAmericaastheclimatehaswarmed，whilesmallerbutterfliesandthoseadaptedtocoldconditionshavetendedtodecline.

VaughnShireyatGeorgetownUniversityinWashingtonDCandhiscolleaguesbuiltacomputationalmodeltoanalysethepresenceof90butterflyspeciesabove45northinNorthAmericafrom1970to2019.

Theteamanalysedhowshiftingmonthlyminimumtemperaturesoverthepast50yearsmayhaveaffectedtherangesofbutterflies.

Themonthlyminimumtemperaturesincreasedby0.86℃（1.5°F），onaverage，acrossthestudyregionfromthe1970stothe2010s.Astemperaturesrose，butterflyspecieswithlargerwingspansweremorelikelytospreadoutintoagreaterproportionofthestudyregion.Butforsmallerbutterflies，risingtemperatureswerelinkedwithaasmallernumberintheareaoverwhichtheywerefound.

"Itseemslogicaltoassumethat，ifspecieswithlargerwingspanshavethecapacitytobettertraveltonewsuitablehabitats，itgivesthosespeciesanadvantageinachangingclimate，"saysYoanFourcadeattheInstituteofEcologyandEnvironmentalSciencesinParis.

Butterfliesadaptedtowarmertemperaturesalsoseemedtohavedispersed（分散）moreacrossthestudyregionthanthoseadaptedtocolderclimates.

Climatechangehasbeenlinkedwithafallinsomebutterflyspecies，includingthemonarch（Danausplexippus）inNorthAmerica.Butsomeappeartobeadapting：a2022studyfoundthatBritishbutterfliesaresteadilygettingbiggerinresponsetorisingtemperatures.4.Whatisthefocusofthearticle？______A.Theimpactofclimatechangeonbutterflies.

B.Themigrationpatternsofbutterflies.

C.Thesizeofbutterflywingspans.

D.Thesmallernumberofbutterflies.5.Whatistherelationshipbetweenrisingtemperaturesandsmallerbutterflies？______A.Temperatureshavelittleeffectonsmallerbutterflies.

B.Smallerbutterflieshaveincreasedinnumber.

C.Smallerbutterflieshavereducedinnumber.

D.Smallerbutterflieshavemigratedtocolderclimates.6.Whatadvantagedospecieswithlargerwingspanshaveinarisingclimate？______A.Theyarebetterabletotraveltonewsuitablehabitats.

B.Theyarebetteradaptedtocolderclimates.

C.Theyaremoreresistanttoclimatechange.

D.Theyaremorelikelytodisperseacross.7.Whatdoestheauthoremphasizeaboutbutterfliesinthelastparagraph？______A.Theyaremigratingtowarmerclimates.

B.Theyarebecomingsmallerinsize.

C.Theyarereducinginnumber.

D.Theyaregettingbigger.CHoFengShan，theChineseConsulGeneralinViennafrom1938to1940，wasrecentlyrecognizedforhiscourageousactionsduringtheracemurder（屠杀）.HereceivedtheLyndonBainesJohnsonMoralCourageAwardattheannualdinneroftheHolocaustMuseumHoustononApril30th.

DuringhistimeasConsulGeneral，HoissuedthousandsofvisastoJewishrefugees，allowingthemtoescapethefateofconcentrationcamps.Hiseffortsresultedinapproximately18，000JewishrefugeesfindingshelterinShanghaibetween1938and1940.

Ho'sdaughter，HoManli，acceptedtheawardonbehalfofherlatefather.Shespokeabouthowproudshewasofherfather'sbraveryandhowimportantitistorememberhisactionsduringsuchadarkperiodinhistory.

LotteMarcus，aJewishrefugewhosefamilyobtainedvisasfromtheChineseConsulate，toldherstorybyvideo.HerfamilyescapedtoShanghaiandshespentmorethansevenyearstherebeforeheadingtotheUS."14peopleofourfamilywhodidnotleave，wereallkilled，"saidMarcus，whocalledHo"thebrightlightinthedarknessoftheracemurder".

TherecognitionofHoFengShanservesasareminderoftheimportanceofmoralcourageandstandingupforwhatisright，eveninthefaceofdanger.Italsohighlightstherolethatindividualscanplayinmakingapositiveimpactontheworld.

TheHolocaustMuseumHouston'sdecisiontohonorHoFengShanissignificant，asitbringsattentiontotheoften-forgottenstoriesofthosewhoriskedtheirlivestosaveothersduringtheracemurder.Itisthroughtherecognitionoftheseindividualsthatwecancontinuetolearnfromthepastandseekforabetterfuture.

Overall，thestoryofHoFengShanisoneofbravery，compassion，andhumanity.Itisareminderthateveninthedarkestoftimes，therearethosewhoarewillingtostandupandmakeadifference.8.WhatdidHoFengShandoduringhistimeinVienna？______A.HeissuedthousandsofvisastoJewishrefugees.

B.HetriedtohelptheChineserefugees.

C.Heworkedinaconcentrationcamp.

D.Hehelpedherdaughterescape.9.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout？______A.AfamilyescapedtoShanghai.

B.AfamilyobtainedvisasfortheUS.

C.AfamilywassavedbyHoFengShan.

D.14peopleofMarcus'familywerekilled.10.WhatdoestherecognitionofHoFengShanserveasareminderof？______A.Standingupforwhatisright. B.Stayingoutofconflicts.

C.Bringingattention. D.Takingpride.11.WhatcanwelearnfromtherecognitionofindividualslikeHoFengShan？______A.Forgettingaboutthepastandfocusonthepresent.

B.Honoringindividualsdirectlyaffectedbytheracemurder.

C.Learningfromthepastandstruggleforabetterfuture.

D.Forgivingindividualsriskingtheirlivestosaveothers.DThedevelopmentofartificialintelligenceishappeningrapidly，andtworecenteventshigh-lightthistrend.OnMay10th，Googleannounceditsplanstousemachine-learningtechniquestogenerate（生成）textinitsexistingproducts.SundarPichai，theCEOofGoogle'sparentcompanyAlphabet，statedthattheyare"reimaginingallofourcoreproducts，includingsearch."ThismoveisseenasaresponsetoMicrosoft'ssimilarfunctionalityonBing.

TheuseoflargelanguagemodelsinAlhasbeengainingmomentuminrecentyears.Thesemodelsallowcomputerstounderstandhumanlanguageandgeneratetextthatissimilartowhatahumanwouldwrite.Thepotentialapplicationsforthistechnologyarevast，fromimprovingsearchenginestocreatingmorenatural-soundingchatbots.

However，thereareconcernsabouttheethicalimplicationsofAI.Manyworryaboutthepossibilityforunfairinfluencesinalgorithms（算法）andtheimpactonjobsasautomationbecomesmorepopular.TherearealsofearsaboutthemisuseofAIinareassuchasmonitoringandconflict.

Despitetheseconcerns，theracetodevelopanddeployAIcontinues.CompanieslikeGoogleandMicrosoftareinvestingheavilyinthistechnology，andgovernmentsaroundtheworldarealsotakingnotice.ItremainstobeseenhowAIwillshapeourfuture，butitisclearthatitwillplayanincreasinglyimportantroleinourlives.

ForEnglishlearners，understandingthebasicsofAIanditspotentialimpactonsocietyisessentialknowledgeintoday'sworld.AsAIcontinuestoevolve，itislikelythatmoreandmoreaspectsofourliveswillbeaffectedbythistechnology.12.WhatisMicrosoftusinglargelanguagemodelstodo？______A.Understandhumanlanguage.

B.Improveitssearchengine，Bing.

C.Generatetextasahumanwouldwrite.

D.Createmorenatural-soundingchatbots.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"momentum"meaninParagraph2？______A.Development. B.Worry. C.Challenge. D.Education.14.WhatarethethirdconcernsabouttheethicalimplicationsofAI？______A.Thepossibilityforunfairinfluences.

B.ThemisuseofAIinareas.

C.Theracetodevelop.

D.Theimpactonjobs.15.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsAIasanEnglishlearner？______A.Unconcerned. B.Unhappy. C.Doubtful. D.Supportive.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）Whenyousay，"Youshouldn'tdothat，"toateenager，yourfeedback（反馈）islikelytobemetwithaneyeroll.Bythetimekidsturnintoteens，theydon'tthinktheyneedmuchhelpfromadults—especiallytheirparents.（1）______

It'simportantforyourteenstobeabletohearconstructivecriticismwithoutautomaticallybecomingdefensive.（2）______They'llneedyouradviceonhowtheycanimprovetheirchancesofsuccess.Butbeforetheycantakethatadvice，they'llhavetobeopentolisteningtoit.（3）______Everytimeyougiveyourteensconstructivecriticism，yougivethemanopportunitytogrowandchange.

Ifyou'reofferingconstructivefeedback，viewyourroleasaguide.Pointoutwhatyourteendidwellwhileaddingwhatshe/hecoulddobetternexttime.Besides，pointoutmistakesinagentlemanner.Itcanhelpthemseethatmistakesaren'tsomethingtheyshouldbeashamedof.（4）______Theycanlearnhowtobouncebackfromfailure.

（5）______Ifyourteensdon'ttrustyouwhenyouaregivingthemfeedback，theywon'tlistentowhatyouhavetosay.Ratherthanthinkingabouthowtoapplyyourfeedbacktotheirlife，they'llinvesttheirenergyintothinkingwhyyouradvicedoesn'tmatter.Ifyourteensrespectyou，they'llhaverespectforyouropinion.

Itmustbenotedthatafteryou'veexpressedyourconcern，askyourteensfortheiropinion.Showingawillingnesstolistentothemcangoalongwaytowardencouragingthemtolistentoyou.

A.Listentoyourteens'opinion.

B.Itcouldhelpthembecomeabetterperson.

C.Instead，theycanuseitasalearningopportunity.

D.Yourteensneedtoknowhowtoimprovetheirsocialskills.

E.Forconstructivecriticism，ahealthyrelationshipisnecessary.

F.Then，they'llneedtobeabletobeopentochangingtheirbehavior.

G.However，constructivecriticismcanbeessentialtoyourteens'welfare.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）PaulandIwereonourschoolbasketballteam，TheLions.WelovedbasketballandwerebothhugefansoftheNBA.Paul'sfavourite（1）______wasTyroneBogues，aguywhoplayedfortheCharlotteHornets.

Bogueswasonly1.6metrestall，whichmadehimthe（2）______playereverintheNBA.Guesswhat？Paulwasonly1.6metrestall，too!Paulknewthatbeingshorterthanotherplayersmeantthathehadto（3）______more.Duringallthosehoursofdoingjumpshotsonhisown，heusedBoguesashis（4）______.Pauloncesaid，"IfBoguescouldmakeit，whynotme？"

Ourcoachwasnotso（5）______.Paulhadtotryoutmanytimesjustformakingthe（6）______.Hewasstill（7）______onthebench，beingjustsomeonetakingtheplace，andjustanunderdog.EveryoneknewPaulhadreal（8）______，andwassomeonewhoworkedreallyhardandhadastrongdesiretoplayfortheteam.However，Pauldidn'tgetachance.

Thisweek，TheLionswereplayingourmaincompetitors，TheBears，ateamwhose（9）______thisseasonhadbeen（10）______.Theyhadn'tlostasinglegame.Pauldidn'tknowhe'dsoongetthechancethathe'dbeenwaitingfor.

Suddenly，aplayerandIcrashed（碰撞）intoeachother.Mykneehurtbadly.Theteamgatheredaround，lookingworried.Thelast（11）______wasabouttobegin，andmyteamwas（12）______by10points.IaskedthecoachtoletPaulplay.

Thecoachfinallyagreed.Paul（13）______thechanceandrushedontothecourt.And（14）______，alltheextrahoursthathe'dspentpractisingalone（15）______.Theotherteamjustcouldn'tkeepupwithhisenergyandspeed.Hemadeshotaftershot，andthecrowdcouldn'tstopclappingandcheering.Whenthegameended，ourteamhadwonbytwopoints.21.

A.player B.team C.fan D.coach22.

A.favourite B.shortest C.mostfamous D.leastpopular23.

A.run B.compete C.practise D.make24.

A.approach B.relaxation C.schedule D.inspiration25.

A.doubtful B.sure C.reliable D.amazed26.

A.discovery B.research C.team D.experiment27.

A.seldom B.hardly C.usually D.immediately28.

A.friends B.skills C.talents D.requests29.

A.chance B.record C.equipment D.experience30.

A.meaningful B.sufficient C.effective D.perfect31.

A.quarter B.show C.game D.class32.

A.ahead B.over C.behind D.under33.

A.turneddown B.triedout C.thoughtof D.jumpedat34.

A.clearly B.luckily C.possibly D.accidentally35.

A.paidoff B.tookoff C.setoff D.gaveoff四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.Teaisoneofthethreemajordrinksintheworld，（1）______（produce）inmorethan60countriesandregionsworldwideandenjoyedbyovertwobillionpeople.InNovember2019，theUnitedNationsdeclaredMay21asInternationalTeaDay.

Theresolutioninvitestheinternationalcommunity（2）______（observe）InternationalTeaDayin（3）______appropriatemannerandinaccordance（一致）withthemostimportantthingthenationhastodo，througheducationandactivitiesaimedatraisingpublic（4）______（aware）oftheimportanceoftea，（5）______（especial）forruraldevelopmentandsustainablelivelihoods.

Teaproductionandprocessingisamainsourceoflivelihoodsfor（6）______（million）offamiliesin（7）______（develop）countries，andteaisthemainmeansofsurvivalformillionsofpoorfamilieswholiveinanumberoftheleastdevelopedcountries.

Teaproductionandprocessingcontributes（8）______thefightagainsthunger，thereductionofextremepoverty，thesocialpositionofwomen（9）______thesustainableuseoflandecosystems.

Theteaindustryisamainsourceofincomeandexporttaxes（税收）forsomeofthepoorestcountriesand，asalabor-intensiveindustry，（10）______（provide）jobs，especiallyinremoteandeconomicallydisadvantagedareas.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、阅读表达（本大题共2小题，共20.0分）37.AMOTHER'SDAYSURPRISEThetwinswerefilledwithexcitementastheythoughtofthesurprisetheywereplanningforMother'sDay.HowpleasedandproudMotherwouldbewhentheybroughtherbreakfastinbed.TheyplannedtomakeFrenchtoastandchickenporridge.Theyhadwatchedtheirmotherinthekitchen.Therewasnothingtoit.JennaandJeffknewexactlywhattodo.

Thebigdaycameatlast.Thealarmrangat6a.m.Thepairwentdownthestairsquietlytothekitchen.Theydecidedtoboiltheporridgefirst.TheyputsomericeintoapotofwaterandleftittoboilwhiletheymadetheFrenchtoast.Jeffbroketwoeggsintoaplateandaddedinsomemilk.Jennafoundthebreadandputtwoslicesintotheeggmixture.Next，Jeffturnedonthesecondstoveburnertoheatupthefryingpan.EverythingwasgoingsmoothlyuntilJeffstartedfryingthebread.Thepanwastoohotandthebreadturnedblackwithinseconds.Jennathrewtheburntpieceintothesinkandputintheothersliceofbread.Thistime，sheturneddownthefiresoitcookednicely.

ThenJeffnoticedsteamshootingoutofthepotandthelidstartingtoshake.Thenextminute，theporridgeboiledoverandputoutthefire.Jennapanicked.Thankfully，Jeffstayedcalmandturnedoffthegasquickly.Butthestovewasamessnow.JennatoldJefftocleanitupsotheycouldcontinuetocooktherestoftheporridge.ButJeff'shandtouchedthehotburnerandhegaveacryofpain.Jennamadehimputhishandincoldwater.Thenshecaughtthesmellofburning.Ohdear!Thepieceofbreadinthepanhadturnedblackaswell.

Asthetwinslookedaroundthemindisappointment，theirfatherappeared.

根据文本内容从以下方框中选择恰当的词，并用其正确形式填入文本梳理的表格框架中，每词限用一次，有两词为多余选项。

bringbuycleandisappointexciteforcefrygoodmakethankthrowturnStoryARFrameworkActions：experiences/problemsReactions：emotions/solutionsThetwinsplannedasurpriseforMother'sDay.Theywere（1）______.TheydecidedtomakeFrenchtoastandchickenporridge，and（2）______breakfastforherinbed.Motherwouldbepleasedandproud.Theyboiledtheporridgewhile（3）______theFrenchtoast.Everythingwasgoing（4）______.They（5）______thebread.Thefirstsliceturnedblackandwas（6）______intothesink.Theyturneddownthefire.Theotherslicecookednicely.Theporridgeboiledoverandputoutthefire.Jennapanicked.Jeffwas（7）______thathestayedcalmandturnedoffthegasquickly.They（8）______upthestoveinamess.Theycouldcontinuetocooktherestoftheporridge.Jeff'shandtouchedthehotburner.Jeffgaveacryofpain，andwas（9）______toputhishandincoldwater.Theotherpieceofbreadinthepanturnedblack.

Theycaughtthesmellofburning.Theyfelt（10）______.Theirfatherturnedup(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)38.AMOTHER'SDAYSURPRISEThetwinswerefilledwithexcitementastheythoughtofthesurprisetheywereplanningforMother'sDay.HowpleasedandproudMotherwouldbewhentheybroughtherbreakfastinbed.TheyplannedtomakeFrenchtoastandchickenporridge.Theyhadwatchedtheirmotherinthekitchen.Therewasnothingtoit.JennaandJeffknewexactlywhattodo.

Thebigdaycameatlast.Thealarmrangat6a.m.Thepairwentdownthestairsquietlytothekitchen.Theydecidedtoboiltheporridgefirst.TheyputsomericeintoapotofwaterandleftittoboilwhiletheymadetheFrenchtoast.Jeffbroketwoeggsintoaplateandaddedinsomemilk.Jennafoundthebreadandputtwoslicesintotheeggmixture.Next，Jeffturnedonthesecondstoveburnertoheatupthefryingpan.EverythingwasgoingsmoothlyuntilJeffstartedfryingthebread.Thepanwastoohotandthebreadturnedblackwithinseconds.Jennathrewtheburntpieceintothesinkandputintheothersliceofbread.Thistime，sheturneddownthefiresoitcookednicely.

ThenJeffnoticedsteamshootingoutofthepotandthelidstartingtoshake.Thenextminute，theporridgeboiledoverandputoutthefire.Jennapanicked.Thankfully，Jeffstayedcalmandturnedoffthegasquickly.Butthestovewasamessnow.JennatoldJefftocleanitupsotheycouldcontinuetocooktherestoftheporridge.ButJeff'shandtouchedthehotburnerandhegaveacryofpain.Jennamadehimputhishandincoldwater.Thenshecaughtthesmellofburning.Ohdear!Thepieceofbreadinthepanhadturnedblackaswell.

Asthetwinslookedaroundthemindisappointment，theirfatherappeared.

阅读上文，根据以上文本内容回答下列问题。(1)WhatmainproblemdidthetwinsfaceasFatherappearedandwhatdidFatherdotohelpthem？______(2)WhatdidthetwinsandFathercontinuetodotogethertosolvetheproblems？______(3)WhatdidtheydofortheirmotherandhowdidMotherreacttotheirdeeds？______六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共20.0分）39.假设你是某文杂志的"知心阿姨"（AgonyAunt），Helen，请阅读下面的这封求助信，并根据信的内容写一封回信。

要求：

（1）100词左右；

（2）文中不要出现作者本人的真实信息；

（3）信件的格式已经为你写好。

DearHelen，

Iamnotquitemyselfthisterm.Iamunderpressurefrombothmyfriendsandstudy.OneofmyclassmatesnamedDannydoesn'tlikeme.

Hespeaksillofmebehindmybackeverynowandthen，somanyclassmatesdon'tlikeme.IamnotfeelinggoodeverytimeIwalkintotheclassroom.Isometimesprefertostayathometoavoidstudents'eyesights.

ItbothersmesomuchthatIcan'tfocusonmystudy.Ididabadjobinmymid-termexamination.IfailedinmypoorsubjectMathsandevengetalowmarkonmyadvantagedsubjectEnglish.

Iamsuchaloserbothininterpersonalrelationshipandstudy.Withnocouragetofacemyclassmates，Idon'twanttogotoschool.WhatshouldIdo？

Yourssincerely，BenDearBen，

___________

Yourssincerely，Helen

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、A、D【解析】（1）目的意图题。根据第一段This

project

aims

to

provide

a

household

decoration

that

can

be

used

to

automatically（自动）

water

plants

when

their

owners

forget

to

do

so.（这个项目旨在提供一种家庭装饰，当主人忘记给植物浇水时，它可以自动给植物浇水。）可知这个项目的目的是给植物浇水。故选B。

（2）数字计算题。根据第二段Step

1：You

will

need：

•

A

cotton

shirt

•

Two

pots

•

Wires

•

Safety

glasses

•

Scissors（剪子）

•

Pliers（钳子）

•

A

plant!（第一步：你将需要：•一件棉衬衫•两个锅•电线•安全眼镜•剪刀•钳子•植物!）以及第三段We

should

buy

a

pot

for

＄4，and

a

plant

for

＄5.（我们应该花4美元买一个盆，花5美元买一株植物。）可知应该为这个项目支付4+4+5=13美元。故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第三段Step

6：Use

the

scissors

to

cut

a

strip

of

cloth

from

the

T-shirt.Make

sure

to

cut

enough

cloth

so

that

the

wick（灯芯）

closely

fits

the

diameter

of

the

hole

in

bottom

of

the

small

pot.Divide

the

top

part

of

the

wick

into

three

strips（第六步：用剪刀从t恤上剪下一块布。确保剪下足够的布，使灯芯与小壶底部的孔直径紧密贴合。将灯芯的顶部分成三条。）可知这个项目的第六步是制作灯芯。故选D。

这篇短文主要介绍了一个自动浇水的花盆项目。首先需要准备一件棉质衬衫、两个花盆、电线、安全眼镜、剪刀、钳子和一株植物。然后按照步骤将电线制作成一个圆形的结构，将小花盆放入大花盆中，并用电线固定。接下来，用剪刀从T恤上剪下一条布条，将其作为浸水带放入小花盆底部的孔中。最后，将植物放入花盆中，倒入水即可享受自动浇水的植物。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

4~7.【答案】A、C、A、D【解析】（1）主旨大意题。根据第一段Theevolutionofbutterfliescontinuesveryfast.Specieswithlargerwingspans（翼幅）haveexpandedtheirrangeinhigh-latitudepartsofNorthAmericaastheclimatehaswarmed，whilesmallerbutterfliesandthoseadaptedtocoldconditionshavetendedtodecline.（蝴蝶的进化速度非常快。随着气候变暖，在北美高纬度地区，翼展较大的蝴蝶扩大了它们的活动范围，而体型较小的蝴蝶和适应寒冷环境的蝴蝶则趋于减少。）可知本文主要研究了气候对蝴蝶迁徙的影响。故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据第一段Specieswithlargerwingspans（翼幅）haveexpandedtheirrangeinhigh-latitudepartsofNorthAmericaastheclimatehaswarmed，whilesmallerbutterfliesandthoseadaptedtocoldconditionshavetendedtodecline.（随着气候变暖，在北美高纬度地区，翼展较大的蝴蝶扩大了它们的活动范围，而体型较小的蝴蝶和适应寒冷环境的蝴蝶则趋于减少。）可知气温上升后体型较小的蝴蝶数量减少。故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据第五段Itseemslogicaltoassumethat，ifspecieswithlargerwingspanshavethecapacitytobettertraveltonewsuitablehabitats，itgivesthosespeciesanadvantageinachangingclimate（如果翼展较大的物种有能力更好地前往新的栖息地，这似乎是合乎逻辑的假设，这使这些物种在不断变化的气候中具有优势。）可知气温上升翼展较大的物种能更好地迁徙到新的适宜栖息地。故选A。

（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段a2022studyfoundthatBritishbutterfliesaresteadilygettingbiggerinresponsetorisingtemperatures.（2022年的一项研究发现，英国蝴蝶正在稳步变大，以应对不断上升的气温。）可知作者在最后一段强调了蝴蝶数量正在变大。故选D。

短文主要写了蝴蝶的进化速度很快。随着气候变暖，翅膀较大的蝴蝶物种在北美高纬度地区的分布范围扩大，而适应寒冷条件的较小蝴蝶物种则趋于减少。研究人员利用计算模型分析了1970年至2019年间北美45度以北地区90种蝴蝶物种的存在情况。研究团队分析了过去50年中每月最低温度的变化如何影响蝴蝶的分布范围。平均而言，研究区域的每月最低温度从1970年代到2010年代增加了0.86℃（1.5°F）。随着温度升高，翅膀较大的蝴蝶物种更有可能在研究区域的更大比例上分布。但对于较小的蝴蝶物种来说，温度升高与其分布区域的数量较小有关。气候变化与一些蝴蝶物种的减少有关，包括北美的帝王蝶。但一些蝴蝶物种似乎正在适应：2022年的一项研究发现，英国的蝴蝶在应对气温上升时逐渐变大。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

8~11.【答案】A、C、A、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段的During

his

time

as

Consul

General，Ho

issued

thousands

of

visas

to

Jewish

refugees，allowing

them

to

escape

the

fate

of

concentration

camps（在担任总领事期间，何向犹太难民发放了数千份签证，使他们得以逃离去集中营的命运），可知何凤山在维也纳期间向犹太难民发放了数千份签证，故选A。

（2）段落大意题。根据第四段Lotte

Marcus，a

Jewish

refuge

whose

family

obtained

visas

from

the

Chinese

Consulate，told

her

storyby

video.Her

family

escaped

to

Shanghai

and

she

spent

more

than

seven

years

there

before

heading

to

the

US.

"14

people

of

our

family

who

did

not

leave，were

all

killed，"

said

Marcus，who

called

Ho

"the

bright

light

in

the

darkness

of

the

race

murder"（犹太人避难者LotteMarcus的家人从中国领事馆获得了签证，她通过视频讲述了自己的故事。她的家人逃到了上海，她在那里呆了七年多，然后前往美国。Marcus说："我们家有14个人没有离开，都被杀了。"他称何为"种族谋杀黑暗中的明灯"），可知本段主要介绍了何凤山救的一家人，故选C。

（3）推理判断题。根据第五段的The

recognition

of

Ho

Feng

Shan

serves

as

a

reminder

of

the

importance

of

moral

courage

and

standing

up

for

what

is

right，even

in

the

face

of

danger（对何凤山的认可提醒我们，即使在危险面前，也要有道德勇气，坚持正义），可知对何凤山的认可提醒我们要坚持正义，故选A。

（4）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的It

is

through

the

recognition

of

these

individuals

that

we

can

continue

to

learn

from

the

past

and

seek

for

a

better

future（正是通过对这些人的认可，我们才能继续从过去吸取教训，寻求更美好的未来），可知我们从像何凤山这样的人身上学到的是吸取过去的教训以及为美好未来而奋斗的精神，故选C。

这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了中国驻维也纳总领事何凤山在纳粹大屠杀期间的勇敢行动，以及他的社会影响。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

12~15.【答案】B、A、B、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段SundarPichai，theCEOofGoogle'sparentcompanyAlphabet，statedthattheyare"reimaginingallofourcoreproducts，includingsearch."

ThismoveisseenasaresponsetoMicrosoft'ssimilarfunctionalityonBing.（谷歌母公司Alphabet的首席执行官桑达尔•皮查伊表示，他们正在"重新构想包括搜索在内的所有核心产品"。这一举动被认为是对微软Bing类似功能的回应。）可知微软使用大型语言模型是为了改进它的搜索引擎——必应。故选B。

（2）词义猜测题。根据第二段TheuseoflargelanguagemodelsinAlhasbeengainingmomentuminrecentyears.（近年来，在人工智能中使用大型语言模型的势头越来越大。）可知，划线词momentum在这里指的是"发展"。A.Development（发展）；B.Worry（担忧）；C.Challenge（挑战）；D.Education（教育）。故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据第三段Manyworryaboutthepossibilityforunfairinfluencesinalgorithms（算法）andtheimpactonjobsasautomationbecomesmorepopular.TherearealsofearsaboutthemisuseofAIinareassuchasmonitoringandconflict.（许多人担心，随着自动化的普及，算法可能会受到不公平的影响，工作岗位也会受到影响。还有人担心人工智能在监控和冲突等领域被滥用。）可知人们对人工智能的伦理影响的第三个担忧是人工智能在某些领域的滥用。故选B。

（4）态度观点题。根据最后一段ForEnglishlearners，understandingthebasicsofAIanditspotentialimpactonsocietyisessentialknowledgeintoday'sworld.AsAIcontinuestoevolve，itislikelythatmoreandmoreaspectsofourliveswillbeaffectedbythistechnology.（对于英语学习者来说，了解人工智能的基础知识及其对社会的潜在影响是当今世界的基本知识。随着人工智能的不断发展，我们生活的越来越多的方面可能会受到这项技术的影响。）可知，作者对人工智能在英语学习方面持支持态度。故选D。

这篇短文主要讲述了人工智能的发展正在迅速进行中，最近的两个事件突显了这一趋势。谷歌宣布计划使用机器学习技术在其现有产