大学英语四级阅读200篇

UnitOne

Passage1

ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)

Directions:Inthispassage,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassage

quicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.

Forquestions1-7,mark

Y(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiven

inthepassage;N({forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgivenin

thepassage;NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthe

passage.

HowtoBuyaUsedCar

Nearlyeverybodybuysausedcarsoonerorlater,asaprimaryvehicleorasasecondcar.Indeed,threeoutoffoursalestodayareusedcars,andthey'renot

cheapjunkerseither-theaveragepricenowis$5500,abouthalfwhatanewcarcosts.Makethewrongselectionandamajorinvestmentcanbelostthemomentyou

driveoffthelot.

Thereisfarlesschanceofthishappeningtoyouifyouknow:whentobuy,wheretobuy,howtoexaminethecar,howtoconductyourownroadtest,andhow

tobargainovertheprice.

Whentobuy

Shopduringtheday.Lightingmakescarsgleamlikejewelsatnight.Indaylighttheylookdull,butrealistic.

Don'tshopintherain.Itcanmaskliquidsthatmightbeleaking.Ifpossible,shopinthewinterwhensuppliesarehighanddemandislow.

Wheretobuy

Shopthesuburbs.Inmoreaffluentneighbourhoodscarsaremorelikelytohavebeenwellcaredfor.

Aprivateownernormallysellsacarforlessthanadealerdoes,butalmostalways"asis,"withnoguarantee.That'sanacceptableriskifwhatyou'relookingfor

isacheapsecondcartoMdrivetothestation."

Eventhoughaused-cardealergenerallychargesmore,youcanoftengetsometypeoflimitedguarantee.Thisisoftena50-50plan,inwhichyoueachpayhalf

onrepairsforaperiodthatmayrangefrom30daystoayear.Askthedealerabouttheavailabilityofanoptionalservicepolicy.

Used-cardealersoftenclaimtohavegoneoverthecar,andmanyhave.Butrememberthatsmalldealersoftenbuycarsthatareauctioned(拍卖)because

nobodyelsewantsthem.

Someexpertsfeelthatanew-cardealeristhebestplacetobuyasecondhandcar,especiallyifyou'relayingoutalargesumforalatemodel.Someofthese

dealersofferextensiveguarantees,suchasoneonthe"drivetrain,"whichcoversanyproblemswithengine,transmission(变速器),driveshaftanddifferential(差

速器).Expecttopayforthis,aswellasforthemarkup.Butifyoushopsoonafterthenewmodelshavearrived,whenadealerhasalotoftrade-instyinguphisprofits,

hemightdeal.Thevisualexamination

You'vefoundyourdreamcar,andcanhardlywaittogetinandroai'away.Wait.

First,lookforanyflawsorripples(戈ij痕)inthebodythatmightindicateapastaccident.Toseeifacarhasbeenrepainted,lookundertherubbersealsaroundthe

doororunderthechrometrim.Repaintingmaymaskdeepflaws.

Checktheodometer(计程器)fortotalmileage,andthencomparethatfigurewithanystickersstillattachedtodoorposts.It'sillegaltochangeodometerreadings,

butithappens.Iftherearenostickers,bealittlesuspicious.Checkpedalsandcontrols；wearonthesepartsshouldagreewiththemileage.Iftheyarebrandnew,be

suspicious.Iftheyarewornout,beware.

Checkthatthedoors,hoodandtrunkallopensmoothlyandclosewithsolidsound.Sightalongthesidesofthecarfrom30feetawaytobesurethattherearand

frontwheelslineup.

Lookunderthecarforfluidleaks.Exceptforcondensationfromaworkingairconditioneronahotday,nocarshouldeverdripanything,anytime.

Nowsitinthedriver'sseatandtrythecontrols.Thecarshouldfityou—itshouldbecomfortable.Checkseatadjustment,doorlocks,window-raisingmechanisms,

hom,lights,directionalsignals,radio-allaccessories.

Starttheengine.Itshouldturnoverquicklyandthensettledowntoaratherfastidle.Givetheengineamomentortwobeforeyou

presstheacceleratorabit.Watchforsmokefromtherear.Bluesmokemightmeanacompleteengineoverhaul（大修），blackamaladjustedcarburettor（化油

器）

Whitesmokecanbe.ignorediftheengineiscold,butonceitiswarmedup,whitesmokecanmeanaleakingheadgasket（垫圈）:expensive.Rejectthiscar.

Aftertheenginehaswarmed,shutitoff,andthengowipeyourfingerinsidethetailpipe（makingsureit'snottoohot）.Theresidueshouldbewhitish-gay.Ifyou

getablack,oilymark,refusethecar-it'sprobablyanoilburner.

Restarttheengineandchecktheoilinanautomatictransmission.Itshouldbecleanandclear,withnoburnedodor.Thetestdrive

Thesalesmanmaytrytoconvinceyouthatashortdrivearoundtheblockisenough.Wrong.Makeitclearthatyouplantoroadtestthecar,andifheisn'thappy

withthislookelsewhere.

Thetestrouteyouhavemappedoutshouldincludedrycitystreets,afreeway,ahill,abumpyroadandanemptyparkinglot.Allgauges（计量器）shouldread

steadyandnormalthroughoutthetest,especiallyoilpressureandengineheat.Ifnot,don'tbuythecar.

Drivetoatraffic-freecitystreetonyourpredeterminedrouteandthenacceleratesmoothlytoabout35milesperhour.Theautomatictransmissionshouldshift

withoutjerkingandwithnonoise.

Slowtoabout7m.p.h.bygentlyapplyingthebrakes.Thereshouldbenonoise,nosharpsoundorgrinding.Thecarshouldslowinastraightline,withno

pullingtotherightorleft.

Pickupspeedtoabout15;thenmakingcertainnobodyisbehindyou,hitthebrakeshard!Thecarshouldcometoanimmediatestopwithoutmakingnoiseor

swerving.

Inanempty,levelparkinglot,braketoacompletestop.Shiftintoreverseandbackupatabout4m.p.h.,braketoahalt,shiftintoforward,etc.Dothisfouror

fivetimestotestthetransmission.Allshiftingshouldbesmooth,withnonoiseorhesitation.

Accelerateupahilltoabout40m.p.h.Thecarshouldnotlabour.Ifitdoes,youcouldhavearottentransmission.Gobackdownthehill.Stophalfway,shift

intoneutralandsettheparkingbrake.Thecarshouldremainstationarywhenyoutakeyourfootoffthebrakepedal.

Drivethecaroverthebumpyroad,upahill,andonthehighway.Rarelywillacarbeperfect.Howeverbynowyoushouldhaveaprettygoodideawhat

needstobedone.Howtobargain

Usewhatyou'velearnedfromthevisualexam,testdriveandoutsidemechanictogetthepricedown.Haveamaximumfigureinmind,basedonyour

inspectionandoncurrentpricesfromaused-carguide.Stallyourbiddinglowerthanthat.Whenyouhavenearlyarrivedataprice,getthesellertothrowincertain

repairs.Itmaybecheaperforhimthanfurtherpricecuts.

1.Followingtheinstructionsherewillhelpyoumakeagoodselectionwhenbuyingausedcar.

2.Winterisagoodtimeforpurchasingacarbecausethereislittleraininwinter.

3.Youaremorelikelytopaylesstoaprivateownerforacarofpoorquality.

4.Refusethecai*ifyoufindanysignsofapastaccidentinthevisualexamination.

5.Don'tbuythecarifthereiswhitesmokecomingoutoftherearbecauseitisprobablyanoilburner.

6.Atcertainspeedsinthetests,agoodcarshouldnotmakeanynoisewhenthedriverbrakeseitherhardorgently.

7.Ifyouarepatientandcarefulenough,youwillcertainlyfindaperfectusedcar.

8.Thelaststepbeforeyoumakeadecisiontobuyacaris.

9.Besidesallgauges,thetwoveryimportantsystemsmainlyexaminedinthetestdriveare.

10.Accordingtosomeexperts,thebestplacetobuyasecond-handcaris.

Passage2ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)

Directions:Inthispassagetherearetenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordhankfollowingthepassage.

Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitem

onAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthehankmorethanonce.

Questions1to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Lookingbackonyearsoflivinginaworking-classhomeintheNorthofEngland,IshouldsaythatagoodlivingroommustH.threeprincipalthings:

homeliness,warmthandplentyofgoodfbod.Theliving-roomisthewarmheartofthefamilyand12oftenslightlystuffytoamiddle-classvisitor.Itisnotasocial

centrebutafamilycenter;littleentertaininggoesonthereorinthefrontroom,ifthere13tobeone;youdonotentertaininanythingapproachingthemiddle-class

14_Thewife'ssociallifeoutsideher15familyisfoundoverthewashing-line,atthelittleshoponthecorner,visitingrelativesatamoderate_16occasionally,and

perhapsnowandagainavisitwithherhusbandtohispuborclub.Apartfromthesetwoplaces,hehasjusthisworkandhisfootballmatches.Theywillhave,eachof

them,friendsatalltheseplaces,whomaywellnotknowwhattheinsideoftheirhouseislike,havingnever''steppedacrossthethreshold,"astheold17phrasehasit.

Thefamilyhearthis18forthefamilyitself,andthosewhoare"somethingtous”(anotherfavoriteformula)andwholookinforatalkorjusttosit.

Muchofthefreetimeofamanandhiswifewill19bepassedatthathearth.Juststayinginisstilloneofthemostcommonleisure-time20

A.happensB.professionsC.senseD.nevertheless

E.fashionedF.distanceG.immediateH.usually

I.occupationsJ.preservedK.imitateL.provide

M.thereforeNreserved0.contribute

Passage3

Directions;Thepassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,D.Youshoulddecideon

thebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Themedicalworldisgraduallyrealizingthatthequalityoftheenvironmentinhospitalsmayplayasignificantroleintheprocessofrecoveryfromillness.

AspartofanationwideeffortinBritaintobringartoutofthegalleriesandintopublicplaces,someofthecountry*smosttalentedartistshavebeencalledinto

transfonnolderhospitalsandtosoftenthehardedgesofmodembuildings.Ofthe2,500NationalHealthServicehospitalsinBritain,almost100nowhave

significantcollectionsofcontemporaryartincorridors,waitingareasandtreatmentrooms.

Theserecentinitiativesoweagreatdealtooneartist,PeterSenior,whosetuphisstudioataManchesterhospitalinnortheasternEnglandduringtheearly1970s.

Hefelttheartisthadlosthisplaceinmodernsociety,andthatartshouldbeenjoyedbyawideraudience.

Atypicalhospitalwaitingroommighthaveasmanyas500visitorseachweek.Whatbetterplacetoholdregularexhibitionsofart?Seniorheldthefirst

exhibitionofhisownpaintingsintheout-patientswaitingareaoftheManchesterRoyalHospitalin1975.BelievedtobeBritain'sfirsthospitalartist,Seniorwasso

muchindemandthathewassoonjoinedbyateamofsixyoungartschoolgraduates.

Theeffectisstriking.Nowinthecorridorsandwaitingroomsthevisitorexperiencesafullviewoffreshcolors,playfulimagesandrestfulcourtyards.

Thequalityoftheenvironmentmayreducetheneedforexpensivedrugswhenapatientisrecoveringfromanillness.Astudyhasshownthatpatientswhohada

viewontoagardenneededhalfthenumberofstrongpainkillerscomparedwithpatientswhohadnoviewatalloronlyabrickwalltolookat.

21.Accordingtothepassage,"tosoftenthehardedgesofmodernbuildings1'means

A.topulldownhospitalbuildings

B.todecoratehospitalswithartcollections

C.toimprovethequalityoftreatmentinhospitals

D.tomakethecomersofhospitalbuildingsround

22.WhatcanwesayofPeterSenior?

A.Heisapioneerinintroducingartintohospitals.

B.Heisadoctorinterestedinpainting.

C.Heisanartistwhohasalargecollectionofpaintings.

D.Heisafaithfulfollowerofhospitalail.

23.AccordingtoPeterSenior,.

A.artislosingitsaudienceinmodemsociety

B.artgalleriesshouldbechangedintohospitals

C.patientsshouldbeencouragedtolearnpainting

D.artshouldbeencouragedinBritishhospitals

24.Aftertheimprovementofthehospitalenvironment,.

A.patientsnolongerneeddrugsintheirrecovery

B.patientsarenolongerwhollydependentonexpensivedrugs

C.patientsneedgood-qualitydrugsintheirrecovery

D.patientsusefewerpainkillersintheirrecovery

25.ThefactthatsixyoungartschoolgraduatesjoinedPetershowsthat.

A.Peter'senterpriseisdevelopinggreatly

B.PeterSeniorenjoysgreatpopularity

C.theyaretalentedhospitalartists

D.theroleofhospitalenvironmentisbeingrecognized

Passage4

Directions:Thepassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,D.Youshoulddecide

onthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Polyester（聚酯）isnowbeingusedforbottles.ICI,thechemicalsandplasticscompany,believesthatitisnowbeginningtobreakthegripofglasson

thebottlebusinessandthustakeadvantageofthishugemarket.

AlltheplasticsmanufactureI'shavebeenexperiencinghardtimesastheirtraditionalproductshavebeendoingbadlyworld-wideforthelastfewyears.Between

1982and1984thePlasticsDivisionofICIhadlostahundredandtwentymilliondollars,andtheyfeltthatthe.mosthopefulnewmarketwasinpackaging,bottles

andcans.

Since1982ithasopenedthreenewfactoriesproducing"Melinar",therawmaterialfromwhichhighqualitypolyesterbottlesaremade.

Thepolyesterbottlewasborninthe1970s,whensoftdrinkscompanieslikeCocaColastartedsellingtheirdrinksingianttwo-litercontainers.Becauseofthe

build-upofthepressureofgasintheselargecontainers,glasswasunsuitable.NorwasPVC,theplasticwhichhadbeenusedforbottlessincethe1960s,suitablefor

drinkswithgasinthem.Anewplastichadtobemade.

Glassisstillcheaperforthesmallerbottles,andwillcontinuetobesounlessoilandplasticbecomemuchcheaper,butplasticdoeswellforthelargersizes.

Polyesterbottlesarevirtuallyunbreakable.Themanufacturersclaimtheyarealsolighter,lessnoisywhenbeinghandled,andcanbereused.Shopkeepersand

otherbusinesspeopleareunlikelytoobjecttoachangefromglasstopolyester,sincethesebottlesmeanfewbreakages,whicharecostlyandtime-consuming.The

public,though,havebeenmoredifficulttopersuade.Id'scommercialdepartmentisdevelopingdifferentbottleswithinterestingshapes,totryandmakethem

visuallymoreattractivetothepublic.

Thenextstepcouldbetodevelopaplasticwhichcouldreplacetinsforfood.Theproblemhereisthehightemperaturesnecessaryforcookingthefoodinthe

container.

26.Plasticsofvariouskindshavebeenusedformakingbottles.

A.since1982

B.sincethe1970sbutonlyforlargebottles

C.sincethe1960sbutnotforliquidswithgasinthem

D.sincecompanieslikeCocaColafirsttriedthem

27.WhyisICI'sPlasticsDivisioninterestedinpolyesterforbottles?

A.Theotherthingstheymakearenotsellingwell.

B.Glassmanufacturerscannotmakeenoughnewbottles.

C.Theyhavefactorieswhichcouldbeadaptedtomakeit.

D.Thepriceofoilkeepschanging.

28.Whyaren'tallbottlesnowmadeofpolyester?

A.Thepriceofoilandplastichasrisen.

B.Itisnotsuitableforcontaininggassydrinks.

C.Thepublicliketraditionalglassbottles.

D.Shop-keepersdislikereusablebottles.

29.Manufacturersthinkpolyesterbottlesarebetterthanglassbottlesbecausethey

A.arecheaperB.aremoresuitedtosmallsizes

C.aremoreexcitingtolookatD.donotbreakeasily

30.Plasticcontainersforholdingfoodinthesamewayascans.

A.havebeenusedformanyyears

B.areanideathatintereststheplasticscompanies

C.arepossible,butonlyforhotfood

D.arethefirstthingsbeingmadeinthenewfactories

UnitTwo

Passage1

World'sNonsmokersTakeupFightforCleanerAir

Incountryaftercountry,talkofnonsmokers'rightsisintheair.ThisfreshvoiceisheardfromAustraliatoSweden.Itsforceisfreeingcleanairfor

nonsmokers—andtighteningthesituationforsmokers.

InwestGermany,forinstance,taxidrivers—knownfortheirindependence-postsignssayingHNichtRaucherH(nonsmoker)andmayrefusepassengerswho

insistonsmoking...BansinPolandpreventsmokinginfactories,offices,snackbars,andotherpublicplaces...AndVenezuelanscanbefined$230to$1,000for

smokinginsupermarkets,buses,andnumerousotherplaces.Manycountriesalsoaremovinginsteptolimittobaccopromotion(despitea7percentjumpinworld

tobaccoproductionlastyear)andeliminatethe"falseclaimsoftheglorification(美化)ofsmokingasahabit..."saysJeandeMoerlooseoftheUnitedNationsWorld

HealthOrganization.

Whileamajorityofcountrieshavetakenlittleornoactionyet,some30nationshaveintroducedlegislativestepstocontrolsmokingabuse.Manylawshave

beenintroducedinothercountriestohelpcleartheairfornonsmokers,ortocutcigaretteconsumption.

Inmanydevelopingnations,however,cigarettesmokingisseenasasignofeconomicprogress—andisevenencouraged.

“Whileitappearsthatindevelopedcountriestheconsumptionofcigaretteshasbecomestabilized,therearesomeindicationsthatitisstillrisingatasteadypace

inLatinAmerica,,rsaysDr.DanielJ.Joly,anadvisertothePanAmericanHealthOrganization.

Despiteprogressinsegregating〈隔尚nonsmokersandsmokers,mostcountriesseelittlechangeinthenumberofsmokers.Infact,thereisajumpinthenumber

ofgirlsandyoungwomenstartingtosmoke.

Asmoretobaccocompaniesgointernational,newmaiketsaiesoughttogainnewsmokersindevelopingcountries.Forexample,greateffortsaremadebythe

AmericantobaccoindustrytosellcigarettesintheMiddleEastandNorthAfrica-whereU.S.tobaccoexportsincreasedbymorethan27percentlastyear,according

theU.S.ForeignAgricultureService.Sofar,anycooperationbetweentobaccointerestsandgovernments*campaignsagainstsmokinghasbeenintheaieaof

tobaccoadvertising.

Restrictionsoncigaretteads,plushealthwarningsonpackagesandbansonpublicsmokingincertainplaces,arethemostpopulartoolsusedbynationsin

supportofnonsmokersorincurbing(限制)smoking.

Butworldattentionalsoisfocusingonotherstepswhichwill:

—makethesmokerincreasinglyself-consciousanduncomfortableabouthishabitbypublicizingpublicawarenessofthedeclineofsocialacceptabilityof

smoking.

(ThismethodisreceivingstrongsupportintheU.S.andothercountries.)

—preventpro-smokingscenesontelevisionandfilms.

—removecigarettevendingmachines.

—providesupportforthosewhowanttokickthehabitofsmoking.

—makeitillegaltosellorhandovertobaccoproductstominorsandprohibitsmokinginmeetingplacesforyoungpeople.

—boostcigarettepriceswithhighertobaccotaxes—andusethemoneyforantismokingcampaigns.

AtaJuneUNconferenceonsmoking,agoalsetbySirGeorgeE.Godber,chairmanoftheexpertcommitteeonsmokingandhealthfortheWorldHealth

Organization,stated："Wemaynothaveeliminatedcigarettesmokingcompletelybytheendofthiscentury,butweoughttohavereachedapositionwhererelatively

fewaddictsstillusecigarettes,butonlyinprivateatmostinthecompanyofconsentingadults."NATIONSATTEMPTSOLUTIONS

Herearebriefsketchesofmajororuniqueattemptsaroundtheworldtoinsurenonsmokers*righttosmoke-freeairandtohelpsmokersquit.SWEDEN

Anambitious,concertedplantoraiseanationofnonsmokersisbeingimplementedbytheSwedishNationalBoardofHealthandWelfare.

Swedishchildrenbomafter1975willgrowupinenvironmentsthatwillbenonsmokingandantismokingasmuchaspossible.Generalcigaretteconsumption

willcutfrom1,700cigarettesayearperpersonto1920levelofunder300cigarettesayear,accordingtothe25-yearplan.

Acampaigntorestricttobaccoadvertising,raisecigarettepricestoover$2

apack,removecigarettevendingmachinesby1979,banpro-smokingcontentin

filmsandtelevisionprograms,restrictpublicsmoking,andgiveintensive

antismokingeducationinschoolsandthemilitary,willpromotethegoalofa

societywhich"shouldbesounfavourabletowardsmokingthatsmokingcouldnotariseonceagainasamajorfactorhaiinfultopublichealth."

BySwedishlaw,life-insurancepremiums(保险费)areloweredfornonsmokei,s.WESTGERMANY

Animage-reversingadvertisingcampaignbeganafewyearsagoinWestGermanywherebyitisthenonsmokerwhoisshowntobelivingtheswinginglife

previouslyclaimedbythecigaretteaddict.

Agovernment-sponsoredprogramtowarnthepublicaboutthedangersofsmokingincludesanattempttoencourageconsiderationofthenonsmokeratwork

andinpublicplaces.Tobaccotelevisionadswerestoppedin1973.

Buttherearenofirmplansatthefederalleveltobansmokinginpublicplaces,althoughitisbeingconsideredasalegislativeproposal.Healthexpertssaythat

thelegallyrequiredwarningoncigarettepackagesintheUnitedStateshasnothelped.Hencetherearestrongdoubtsaboutstrictlawsinthewholeareaofsmoking.

Thegoverningideahereistoencourageconsiderationofothers.Butthisangleofattack(moralpersuasion)doesnotruleoutlegislation.IntwoofGermany's11

statestherearelawstoprotectpublicemployeeswhodonotsmokefromtheirsmokingfellowworkers.nSmokebreaksnareusedtoseparatethesmokersand

nonsmokers.

“Thenonsmokertodayisjustasmuchormorerespectedthanthesmoker.nSaysonehealthofficial,nandthisisasuccessinitself."GREATBRITAIN

Atelevisionadvertisingbanin1965,ahealthwarningontobaccopackagesbegunin1971,a20percentpriceriseoncigarettesin1974,andaconstant

campaigntoisolatepubicsmokinginairlines,trains,andotherpublicplaceshavefuelledaforcefulantismokingandnonsmokers'programinBritain.

InIreland,anadvertisingcodebansadsemphasizingthepleasureofsmoking,featuringconventionalheroesoftheyoungas

smokers,orimplyingthatitislessharmfultosmokeonebrandthananother.UNITEDSTATES

U.S.airlinesaresubjectto$1,000finesforfailingtoprovideasmokefreeseatforanypassengerwhowantsone.TheInterstateCommerceCommissionhas

made"nosmoking1*therule,ratherthantheexception,onallinterstatepassengertrainsandbuses.TheMilitarysegregatessmokersandnolongerdistributes

cigaretteinCrations.

Agrowingnumberofrestaurantsnowofferseparateareasfornonsmokers.Abanontelevisionandradiocigaretteads,healthwarningsandrestrictionsonpublic

smokinginmanystatesandcitiesmaketheUnitedStatesaparticipantinworldnonsmokingandantismokingefforts.ThenumberofU.S.nonsmokersisrisingas

well.

1.Withtheworld'sefforts,moreandmoresmokershaverealizedtheharmfuleffectofsmokingonenvironment.

2.30countrieshaveintroducedlegislationtorestrictsmoking,thoughlittlehasbeendoneinmostothercountries.

3.Thetotalnumberofsmokersdecreaseswhilethenumberoffemalesmokersincreasesinmostcountries.

4.SmokersinLatinAmericaconsumemorecigarettesthanindevelopedcountries.

5.Theimprovedeconomicsituationindevelopingcountriesistheexplanationoftherisingnumberofsmokersthere.

6.BothSwedenandGreatBritainraisedcigarettepricestocontrolthetobaccoconsumption.

7.Theincreasingnumberofnonsmokei'sinU.S.istheevidencetoshowthattheU.S.antismokingcampaignhasbeensuccessful.

8.Tobaccocompaniesarenowgettingmoreprofitinthanbefore.

9.PeopleaboardanyflightinU.S.cangeta

10.InWestGennany,considerationofnonsmokersisinthecampaignagainstsmoking.

Passage2

Flyingoveradesertareainanairplane,twoscientistslookeddownwithtrainedeyesattreesandbushes.Afteranhour'sHoneofthescientistswroteinhisbook,

"Lookhereforj_2metal."Scientistsinanotherairplane,flyingoveramountainregion,senta13tootherscientistsontheground,"Goldpossible.nWalkingacross

hillyground,fourscientistsreported,"Thisgroundshouldbesearchedformetals.nFromanairplaneoverahillywastelandascientistsentbackbyradiooneword,

"Uranium.H

NoneofthescientistshadX-rayeyes：theyhadno14powersforlookingdownbelowtheeailh'ssurface.Theywere15puttingtouseoneofthenewestmethodsof_

16mineralsintheground-usingtreesandplantsasj/7thatcertainmineralsmayliebeneaththegroundonwhichthetreesand

plantsaregrowing.

Thisnewestmethodofsearchingformineralsis18onthefactthatmineralsdeepintheearthmay19thekindofbushesandtreesthat

growonthesurface.

AtWatsonBarCreek,abrooksixthousandfeethighinthemountainsofBritishColumbia,Canada,amineralsearchgroupgatheredbagsoftreeseeds.Boxeswere

filledwithsmallbranchesfromthetrees.Rootsweredugandputintoboxes.Eachbagandboxwas20marked.Inascientificlaboratorythepartsoftheforesttrees

wereburnedtoashesandtested.Eachsmallpartwasexaminedtolearnwhetherthereweremineralsinit.

A.signsB.sufficient!C.locatingD.affect

y

E.merelyF.magicG.hintsH.carefully

I.findingJ.