宁夏高一下学期期末英语试卷附有答案

第第页宁夏高一下学期期末英语试卷(附有答案）学校:___________姓名：___________班级：________一、阅读理解SIX60SaturdaysSat29Oct2022SIX60SaturdaysisherethisSaturday!ThebandhasjustreleasedtheirlatestsingleBeforeYouLeave,offtheirfourthstudioalbum(音乐专辑)CastleStreleasedon7October.Theseshowswillbefans’firstchancetoseetheirnewsongsplayedlive.Thisyear’sshowatSkyStadiuminWellingtonwillbejoinedbyspecialguestsNikoWalters,Coterie,Supergroove,andTonesandI.Perth-basedKiwibandofbrothersCoterie,hasbeenhandpickedbySIX60toopenallsixshowsontheSIX60SaturdaysstadiumtourkickingoffthisOctober.Theseshowswillbethefirst-evershowsinNewZealandforthelocalMaoritribes(部落)ofTeAupouri,NgapuhiandNgaiTeRangi,makingtheshowsevenmoreimportant.TicketsTicketsareonsalenowthroughTicketek.Westronglyadviseagainstbuyingticketsfromanyunauthorized(未经授权的)ticketresellerastheticketsmaynotberealormaybecanceledbytheeventorganizer.TicketekistheonlyauthorizedsaleschannelforSIX60concertinWellington.CarparkingCarparkingspaceisavailabletobuyonlinethroughTicketek.Itishighlyrecommendedthatyoubuyyourspaceonlineinadvance,especiallyifyouarecomingfromoutoftown.Thecarparkwasfullatlastyear’sshow.AccessibilityinformationTobuyawheelchairticket,pleasecallTicketekontheirwheelchairbookingline:0800686677.Youcannotbookwheelchairticketsonline.Formoreinformationabouttheshow,pleasevisitSIX60Saturdays’officialsite.1．WhichspecialguestwillbepresentatthebeginningofallSIX60Saturdays’shows?A．Supergroove. B．Coterie.C．NikoWalters. D．TonesandI.2．WhatisspecialaboutSIX60Saturdays’showsinNewZealand?A．Theyarepartlyheldonline.B．Theyarefreeforthedisabled.C．Theyaremeaningfultosomelocaltribes.D．Theyarehostedbyhandpickedstadiums.3．WhatshouldtheaudienceknowabouttheshowinWellington?A．Thereareenoughcarparkingspaces.B．Theycanbookwheelchairticketsonline.C．0800686677isabookinglineforalltickets.D．TheyhavetobuyticketsthroughTicketek.Collegeisanexcitingtimeandplaceforyoungadults,butitcanalsobeunsettling.Thankfully,thereareplentyofbookstohelpyourchildmakeasmoothtransitiontolivingindependentlyandexploringtheworldofhighereducation.Herearesomefantasticstoriesandresourcestohelpyourteengetreadyforcollege.EveryBodyLookingGoingtocollegemeansthatAdawillbelivingawayfromherfamilyforthefirsttimeinherlife.Thedistancegivesheranxiety,butbreathingroom,too.Shehastheopportunitytoreflectonherupbringing,herfamily’sexpectations,andwhatshewantsforherself.PayingforCollegeCollegeisexpensive,buttherearewaystoeasethefinancialburden.Thisessentialguidebookwillhelpyouidentifywaystoincreaseyourfinancialaid,findscholarships,andminimizecollegecosts.TheCollegeWellnessGuideYourchild’sfirstyearofcollegewillbeexcitingbutstressful,too.Stresscanhavenegativeimpactsontheiremotional,physical,andmentalwell-being.Thiswellnessguidewillhelpyourchildidentifytheirstressors,findwaystostayhealthyatcollege,andgethelpiftheyneedit.CollegeAdmissionsDuringCOVIDWe’relivinginunusualtimes,andithasaffectedthecollegeadmissionsprocess.Thisguidebookcontainsthelatestinformationaboutapplyingtocollegeduringthepandemic(流行病).Whetheryou’reapplyingtotest-optionalschoolsorconsideringtakingagapyear,thisbookhasanswerstoyourmostpressingquestions.4．Whoarethebooksdesignedfor?A．Collegeteens. B．Collegeteachers.C．Parents. D．Medicalmajors.5．Whichbookwillyouchooseifyouareundergreatpressure?A．EveryBodyLooking B．PayingforCollegeC．TheCollegeWellnessGuide D．CollegeAdmissionsDuringCOVID6．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Recommendationofbooks.B．Introductiontocollegelife.C．Guideforproblemstomeetincollege.D．Anadvertisementofabookstore.Anewconceptvehicle,PodwasintroducedbyToyotaandSonyattheTokyomotorshow.Thecarisintendedasafour-wheeledfriend.Itaimstoprovideaffection,sympathyandencouragement.Likeadogwelcomingitsmaster,thecarsitsup,wagsitstailandrecognizesitsowner’spresenceusinghydraulics(液压装置)andamulti-colouredLEDdisplaypanel(引擎)acrossthefront.Whileontheroad,thecarconstantlymonitorsthedriver’smoodwithpulseandsweat(汗)sensorsonthejoystick(操纵杆).Camerasfixedontheeyeskeepwatchforanysighofdrowsiness.Ifadriverappearstobelosinghisorhercool,Podwilldisplaywarnings,playsoftmusicandblowcoldairattheface.Driversareshakenawakewithloudmusicandashakingchair.Toimprovedrivingskills,Podusesacomparisontoscoredrivers,offeradviceandrankallPodowners.Toyotastatesthatthecarwilleventuallybeabletolearnitsowner’slikesanddislikesbymonitoringpassengerconversations.Ifthecarhearsafavoritesongbeingdiscussed,itwilldownloadthetrackfromtheInternetandplayitwithoutbeingasked.Itwillalsorecommend(推荐)restaurantsthatmightsuitthedriver’stasteandtakephotographsofpassengerswhentheysoundparticularlyhappy.Inkeepingwiththemoodinessthatisthecar’smainsellingpoint,Podexpressesaformofroadanger.Ifadriverbrakesorswerves(急转弯)suddenly,theLEDpanelshowsanangryredandthetailrisesattheback.Angerisoneofthecar’sten“emotionalstates”.Anotherissadness—abluefrontwithtear-shapedlightsseeminglydroppingfromheadlights—whichappearsafteraflattyreorwhengasislow.“Wewantedtoshowthatthecarscanbecheerfulandentertaining,”saidYasunoriSakamoto,partoftheToyotadesignteam.MrSakamotosaidToyotahasnoplanstoputPodonthemarket.Sad,really.7．Theunderlinedword“drowsiness”inParagraph2means_________.A．fear B．boredomC．excitement D．sleepiness8．Accordingtothetext,Podcan________.A．ranktherestaurantnearby B．recommendasongtopassengerC．haveaconversationwithdrivers D．testthedriver’sdrivingskills9．Ifthenewconceptvehicleisrunningoutofgas,_________.A．theLEDpanelturnsredB．thetailrisesatthebackofthecarC．thefrontlightsturnblueandlookliketearsD．thecarstopsandshakewithloudmusic10．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsPod?A．Supportive. B．Doubtful.C．Negative. D．Curious.RoyalDutchShellislaunchinga$300millionandforestryprogram,atatimewhenanincreasingnumberofoilcompaniesareputtingmoneyincarbonoffset(碳补偿)planstomeetclimategoals.Thecompanywillspendthemoneyoverthenextthreeyearsonprojectstostorecarbon,includinglargeforestsintheNetherlandsandSpain,andwillstartofferingmotoriststheoptionofpurchasingcarbonoffsetswhentheybuypetrolatthepump.TheexecutivesofthecompanyexplainedthatthesecarbonoffsetprojectswereanewbusinessopportunityforShell,aswellasawaytomeetitsclimatetargets.“Webelievethatovertimewewillbebuildingabusiness,becausethesecarboncreditswillbecomemorevaluableascarbonbecomesmorelimited,"theysaid.Shellrecentlydecidedtocutitsnetcarbonfootprint(碳排放)by2-3percentinfiveyears,whichincludesemissions(排放)fromtheproductsitsells.Thecompanyplanstoproducecarboncreditsfromtheforestryprojects,thensellthesecreditsontocustomersbuyingitsoilandgasproducts,orapplythecreditstoitsownoperationstoloweritscarbonfootprint.Plantsabsorbcarbondioxideastheygrowandrestoringforestsandothernaturalareasisconsideredoneofthesimplestwaystostorecarbon.However,thevoluntarymarketforcarboncreditsbasedonforestryprojectshasitscritics,asprojectsindevelopingcountriescanbehardtomonitor.Shell'smovehasalsobeencriticizedbysomeenvironmentalists.Theyworriedthattherewasariskof"greenwashwhencompaniesinvestedinforestryprojects."Thereisanentiredebateaboutwhetherforestryprojectstrulyreduceemissionsornot,"theysaid,pointingoutthatplantinginoneareacouldcausedeforestation(滥伐森林)toanother.ShellsaiditwouldrelyonthethirdpartytoensureitsforestprogramtomeettheVoluntaryCarbonStandardandstrictbiodiversityrequirements.MarkLewis,headofclimatechangeinvestmentresearchatBNPParibas,said,"Plantingtreestooffsetemissions,asfarasitgoes,isastepintherightdirection."11．Whatispopularamongoilcompaniesthesedays?A．Studyingclimatechanges.B．Launchingforestryprograms.C．Workingoutcarbonoffsetplans.D．Attractingmotoriststobuytheirpetrol.12．HowwillShellCompanymakeprofitsfromitscarbonoffsetprojects?A．Byquittingtheemissionsofitsproducts.B．Byreducingitscarbonfootprintbyaquarter.C．Bylimitingtheoilusedbyitsownoperations.D．Byputtingcarboncreditsitproducesonthemarket.13．Whatconcernssomeenvironmentalistsaboutforestryproject?A．Theprojectscan'treallystopcarbonemissions.B．Theprojectsarehardtomonitorinpoorcountries.C．Theprojectsmayleadtodeforestationinotherforests.D．Theprojectshaven'tmetstrictbiodiversityrequirements.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"greenwash"inparagraph3mean?A．Discount. B．Cheat.C．Decline. D．Change.二、七选五Doyoueverfindyourselfstudyingreallyhardforatestbutfinallynotdoingsowell?Youspenthoursreviewingyournotes,onlytofindyourhardworkdoesn’tmakeyoureceiveagradeyouwant.It’snotthatyou’renotsmart.15.Ifyouwanttostudyinaneffectiveway,belowarestudyingmethodsthatmaybesuitableforyou.Tryexplainingtheconcepts(概念)thatyou’restudyingtofamilymembersorfriends.16Studywithfriends.Ifyou’reabletostayfocused,studyingwithagroupmightbemorefunthanstudyingalone.17.Itispossiblethatthere’ssomethingyoumissormisunderstand,sohearingothers’opinionsisveryimportant.Pickpossibletesttopicsandholddiscussionstogainunderstandingofthesetopicsindifferentways.Useflashcards.Flashcardsareagreatwaytomemorizeimportantinformation!Tomakeitmorefun,writeyourflashcardsusingcolorfulpensandmarkimportantparts.18.Ipersonallyuselearningapps(应用软件),whereIcanfindveryusefulresources(资料)forforeignlanguagestudies.I’vealsousedwebsitesinthepast.Alotofsitesofferexpensiveversions,sobeawareofwhichfeaturesarefree.Tryusingsomeofthesemethodswhenyoustudyforyournexttest,andseewhetheryou’veimproved.Studyingcanbeboring.19.Don’tlosemotivation(积极性),andyou’llsucceed!A．UseonlineresourcesB．StartstudyinginamoreinterestingwayC．It’sjustthatthewayyoustudyiswrongD．ThisstopsusfromdealingwithinformationE．It’sofgreathelptohearotherpeople’sthoughtsF．FindingwaystomakeitmorefuncanreallyimproveyourgradeG．Correctlyexplainingtheconceptstoothersmeansyouunderstandthem三、完形填空Abusinesswomangotintoataxiinmidtown.Asitwastherushhourandshewasina20tocatchatrain,she21aquickwaytoreachthetrainstation.“Ihavebeenataxidriverfor15years!”thedriversaid22.“Youdon’tthinkIknowthebestwaytogo?”Thewomantriedtoexplainthatshehadn’t23toannoyhim,butthedriverkept24.Shefinallyrealizedthathewastooannoyedtobe25,soshechangedher26.“Youknow,youareright,”shetoldhim.“Itmustseem27formenottothinkyouknowthebestwaythroughthecity.”28,thedriverglancedathisfare(出租车乘客)intherear­viewmirror,andturnedintothe29shewanted.“Hedidn’tsayanotherwordtherestoftheride,”shesaid,“30Igotoutandpaidhim.Thenhe31meforwhatIdid.”Whenyou32yourselffacedwithpeoplelikethetaxidriver,youwillalwaystryto33youridea.Itcanleadtolongerarguments,makeyoulosejobchancesor34marriages.Ihavediscoveredonesimple35thatcanpreventthedisagreementorotherdifficultsituationsfrom36adisaster.The37istoputyourselfintheotherperson’sshoesandlookforthe38inwhatthatpersonissaying.Findawayto39,andtheresultmaysurpriseyou.20．A．manner B．hurry C．moment D．way21．A．chose B．made C．suggested D．wondered22．A．angrily B．jokingly C．anxiously D．curiously23．A．promised B．meant C．regretted D．decided24．A．shouting B．apologizing C．driving D．asking25．A．careful B．normal C．practical D．reasonable26．A．identity B．direction C．feeling D．mind27．A．strange B．unfair C．wrong D．possible28．A．Surprised B．Worried C．Annoyed D．Disappointed29．A．mall B．street C．hotel D．company30．A．after B．because C．until D．since31．A．blamed B．charged C．compensated D．thanked32．A．make B．find C．keep D．leave33．A．giveup B．turndown C．pointout D．stickto34．A．destroy B．combine C．suffer D．divide35．A．method B．life C．matter D．test36．A．resultingin B．gettingat C．settingback D．leadingoff37．A．problem B．importance C．reality D．key38．A．story B．truth C．experience D．expression39．A．argue B．explain C．agree D．quarrel四、根据汉语意思填写单词40．Onourwayhome,wesawaquietpark________(围绕)bymountainsonallsides.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)41．Heusedto________(递送)newspapersinthecommunityasapart-timejob.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）42．Tobehonest,hiswonderfulspeechleftmeadeep________(印象).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)43．Finally,he________(设法做)tofinishthereportbythedeadline.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)44．“Doeslife________(存在)onotherplanets?”somestudentsaskedingeographyclass.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）45．Asisknowntoall,Canadaisa________(多种文化的)country.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)46．Airisa________(混合物)ofgases.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）47．Thepopulationofthecountryis________(轻微地)overthirtymillion.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）五、根据中英文提示填写单词48．Mydeskmateenjoys________(查阅)tothedictionaryashereadsEnglishpassages.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)49．Isincerelyhopethatyoucouldtakemyapplicationintoc________(考虑).(根据中英文提示填空)六、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Youthisakindofwealth.Itwillgraduallydisappearwithtime50(go)by.Whatcanwedotofulfillouryouth?Inmyopinion,foronething,itisourideas51mattersalottorealizeourvalue.Nomatterwhatourideasare,wemusttryhardtoachievethem.Whenweareyoung,wearefullofenergy.Wehavethe52(good)conditionsinourlives.Goodmemories,good53(understand)andsoon.Weshould54fulluseoftheseconditionstostudymore.For55,weshoulddoasmanythingsaspossiblewewanttodo.Ofcourse,theymust56(rich)ourlives,whichcanmake57possibleforustogathermanydifferentexperiencesthatareworth58(remember)whenweareold.Thenwhenwearereallyold,whenwecannotmoveany,wecanbeproudofourachievementsthatwe59(experience)inhappinessandwecansaywehavenoregretinourlives.七、单句改错请修改以下句子，每句只有一处语言错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（/\），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。60．Thatimpressedmemostwastheirteamworkspirit.61．Thegovernmenthastakenmeasuretoprotecttheenvironmentrecently.62．Icaughtasightofanoldwomanwithawalkingsticklyingontheground.63．Theboy,ratherthanhisparents,havebeentotheGreatWall.64．Iheardthegoodnewsashelterwillbesetuptosavepooranimals.65．Whatyousaidhavenothingtodowiththematterwearediscussing.66．IintendtogoabroadaftergraduationalthoughIdidn’tgetmyparents’supportatthattime.67．Themostterrifiedthingaboutthetripwasthathewasbittenbyasnake.68．Heismorehard-workingthananyotherstudentsinthisclass.69．Thefactwhetherwomencanworkaswellasmenisclear.八、其他应用文70．上周末你和父母参观了2011西安世界园艺博览会（InternationalHorticulturalExposition2011Xi’anChina），收获颇多。请你根据下列提示，写一篇80词左右的英语微博，以便让更多的人分享你的快乐。1.这是一届园艺盛会，给人以美的享受；2.不仅欣赏到各种各样的园艺和建筑（architecture），而且还了解了西安的历史和文化；3.希望更多的人去参观这届园艺博览会，去享受这视觉盛宴（feastfortheeyes）。注意：可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearMike，___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yourssincerely，LiHua参考答案1．B2．C3．D【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了SIX60Saturdays演唱会的相关信息。1．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Perth-basedKiwibandofbrothersCoterie,hasbeenhandpickedbySIX60toopenallsixshowsontheSIX60SaturdaysstadiumtourkickingoffthisOctober.(位于珀斯的Kiwi乐队Coterie兄弟被SIX60精心挑选，将在今年10月开始的SIX60周六体育场巡演中在全部六场演出中开场)”可知，Coterie兄弟将出现在所有SIX60周六演出的开场，故选B。2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Theseshowswillbethefirst-evershowsinNewZealandforthelocalMaoritribes(部落)ofTeAupouri,NgapuhiandNgaiTeRangi,makingtheshowsevenmoreimportant.(这些表演将是新西兰当地的特奥普利、恩普希和恩盖特朗吉的毛利部落首次在新西兰举行的表演，使这些表演更加重要)”可知，在新西兰的SIX60周六演出对当地一些部落具有重要意义。故选C。3．细节理解题。根据Tickets部分中“TicketekistheonlyauthorizedsaleschannelforSIX60concertinWellington.(Ticketek是SIX60惠灵顿演唱会的唯一授权销售渠道)”可知，观众应该明白他们只能通过Ticketek购买惠灵顿演唱会的门票。故选D。4．A5．C6．A【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四本可以帮助孩子顺利过渡到独立生活和为高校生活做好准备的书。4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Herearesomefantasticstoriesandresourcestohelpyourteengetreadyforcollege.”（这里有一些精彩的故事和资料，可帮助孩子为上大学做好准备。）可知这些书是为准备上大学的青少年设计的。故选A项。5．细节理解题。根据“TheCollegeWellnessGuide”中“Thiswellnessguidewillhelpyourchildidentifytheirstressors,findwaystostayhealthyatcollege,andgethelpiftheyneedit.”（本健康指南将帮助您的孩子识别他们的压力源，找到在大学期间保持健康的方法，并在需要时获得帮助。）可知在处于很大的压力时可以选择TheCollege

WellnessGuide一书。故选C项。6．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Thankfully,thereareplentyofbookstohelpyourchildmakeasmoothtransitiontolivingindependentlyandexploringtheworldofhighereducation.”（谢天谢地，有很多书可以帮助你的孩子顺利过渡到独立生活和探索高等教育的世界）以及“Herearesomefantasticstoriesandresources

tohelpyourteengetreadyforcollege.”（这里有一些精彩的故事和资料，可帮助孩子为上大学做好准备。）可知这篇文章主要介绍了四本可以帮助孩子顺利过渡到独立生活和为高校生活做好准备的书。故选A项。【点睛】7．D8．D9．C10．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种能够帮助司机驾驶的新型汽车并详细介绍了这种汽车的特点和用途。7．词句猜测题。根据画线单词后面的句子“Ifadriverappearstobelosinghisorhercool,Podwilldisplaywarnings,playsoftmusicandblowcoldairattheface.Driversareshakenawakewithloudmusicandashakingchair.(如果司机似乎正在失去冷静，Pod将显示警告，播放柔和的音乐，并向面部吹冷空气。响亮的音乐和摇动的椅子使司机们惊醒)”可知，Pod一直关注司机的睡意，如果看到司机有了睡意，它就会采取一系列措施使司机清醒过来。所以drowsiness的意思为“睡意”。故选D。8．细节理解题。根据第三段“Toimprovedrivingskills,Podusesacomparisontoscoredrivers,offeradviceandrankallPodowners.(为了提高驾驶技能，Pod使用比较为驾驶员打分，提供建议并对所有Pod所有者进行排名。)”可知，这种汽车可以测试司机的驾驶技能。故选D。9．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句话“Anotherissadness—abluefrontwithtear-shapedlightsseeminglydroppingfromheadlights—whichappearsafteraflattyreorwhengasislow.(另一个是悲伤——一个蓝色的车头，泪珠状的灯似乎从车头灯上掉下来，车头灯是在轮胎瘪了或汽油不足时出现的)”可知，当汽油含量低的时候，前灯变成蓝色，看起来像眼泪。故选C。10．推理判断题。根据文章可知，这种新出现的汽车可以表现出很多的情绪。文章最后两句话“MrSakamotosaidToyotahasnoplanstoputPodonthemarket.Sad,really.(坂本表示，丰田没有将Pod投放市场的计划。真的很难过)”可知，作者引用坂本的话，想表达的是对Toyota还没有计划把这种汽车投入市场感到难过。由此可知，作者对这种汽车是持积极的态度。故选A。11．C12．D13．C14．B【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了如今越来越多的石油公司正将资金投入碳补偿项目，以实现气候目标，其中包括荷兰皇家壳牌公司通过将其生产的碳信用额投放市场，从碳补偿项目中获利。但同时也受到一些环保人士的批评。11．细节理解题。根据第一段的RoyalDutchShellislaunchinga$300millionandforestryprogram,atatimewhenanincreasingnumberofoilcompaniesareputtingmoneyincarbonoffsetplanstomeetclimategoals.(RoyalDutchShell目前正在发起一个价值30亿美元的森林项目，这段时间越来越多石油公司把钱投入到碳补偿计划中来实现气候目标)可知，目前很多石油公司都在制定碳补偿计划。C.Workingoutcarbonoffsetplans.(制定碳补偿计划)符合以上说法，故选C项。12．细节理解题。根据第二段的Thecompanyplanstoproducecarboncreditsfromtheforestryprojects,thensellthesecreditsontocustomersbuyingitsoilandgasproducts,orapplythecreditstoitsownoperationstoloweritscarbonfootprint.(该公司计划从森林项目来减少碳信用额，然后把这些信用额卖给购买石油和天然气产品的消费者，或者把这些信用额应用到它自己业务上，来降低碳足迹)可知，RoyalDutchShell通过把碳信用额投放到市场上来降低碳足迹。D.Byputtingcarboncreditsitproducesonthemarket.(通过把它生产的碳信用额投放到市场上)符合以上说法，故选D项。13．细节理解题。根据第三段的Thereisanentiredebateaboutwhetherforestryprojectstrulyreduceemissionsornot,"theysaid,pointingoutthatplantinginoneareacouldcausedeforestation（滥伐森林）toanother.(“关于林业项目是否真的减少了排放存在一个分歧”他们说。并指出在一个地区种植可能会导致另一个地区的滥伐森林)可知，环保主义者担心森林项目会导致其他地区的森林滥伐。C.Theprojectsmayleadtodeforestationinotherforests.(这些项目会导致其他森林被滥伐)符合以上说法，故选C项。14．词义猜测题。根据第三段的Shell'smovehasalsobeencriticizedbysomeenvironmentalists.Theyworriedthattherewasariskof"greenwashwhencompaniesinvestedinforestryprojects.可知，壳牌公司的举动也受到了一些环保人事的批评，他们担心公司投资林业项目会出现greenwash的风险。结合句意，尤其是criticized和risk判断划线词是一个负向感情色彩的词，故推测它的意思是“虚假行为”。B.Cheat.(欺骗)符合以上说法，故选B项。15．C16．G17．E18．A19．F【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些学习方法以帮助读者更加有效地学习，从而得到自己想要的分数。15．根据空前“It’snotthatyou’renotsmart.(并不是说你不聪明)”以及下文“Ifyouwanttostudyinaneffectiveway,belowarestudyingmethodsthatmaybesuitableforyou.(如果你想以一种有效的方式学习，下面是一些适合你的学习方法)”可知，空处应该是解释你未能得到理想分数的原因。选项C“It’sjustthatthewayyoustudyiswrong(只是你的学习方法不对)”承上启下，与上下文内容一致。故选C。16．根据上文“Tryexplainingtheconcepts(概念)thatyou’restudyingtofamilymembersorfriends.(试着向家人或朋友解释你正在学习的概念)”可知，作者建议读者向家人或朋友解释自己正在学习的概念。选项G“Correctlyexplainingtheconceptstoothersmeansyouunderstandthem(正确地向别人解释这些概念意味着你理解了它们)”解释了这样做带来的好处，与上文内容一致。故选G。17．根据空后“Itispossiblethatthere’ssomethingyoumissormisunderstand,sohearingothers’opinionsisveryimportant.(你可能会错过或误解一些东西，所以听取别人的意见是非常重要的)”可知，作者告诉读者听取别人的意见很重要。选项E“It’sofgreathelptohearotherpeople’sthoughts(倾听别人的想法很有帮助)”与下文内容一致。故选E。18．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Ipersonallyuselearningapps(应用软件),whereIcanfindveryusefulresources(资料)forforeignlanguagestudies.I’vealsousedwebsitesinthepast.Alotofsitesofferexpensiveversions,sobeawareofwhichfeaturesarefree.(我个人使用学习应用程序，在那里我可以找到非常有用的外语学习资料。我以前也用过网站。很多网站提供昂贵的版本，所以要知道哪些功能是免费的)”可知，在本段中，作者建议读者利用在线资源。选项A“Useonlineresources(利用在线资源)”与下文内容一致。故选A。19．根据上文“Tryusingsomeofthesemethodswhenyoustudyforyournexttest,andseewhetheryou’veimproved.Studyingcanbeboring.(当你准备下次考试的时候，试着使用其中的一些方法，看看你是否有进步。学习可能很无聊)”可知，作者这是在勉励读者，希望读者能够尝试这些方法。选项F“Findingwaystomakeitmorefuncanreallyimproveyourgrade(想办法让学习变得更有趣真的可以提高你的成绩)”与上文内容一致。故选F。20．B21．C22．A23．B24．A25．D26．D27．C28．A29．B30．C31．D32．B33．D34．A35．A36．A37．D38．B39．C【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了一位女商人在乘出租车时，因为走哪条路惹怒了司机，最后女人承认司机的看法，避免了矛盾升级。通过这个故事告诉我们，遇到问题时，我们不要固执己见，要试着站在对方的角度看问题。20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于当时是交通高峰期，她急于赶火车，她建议了一条快速到达火车站的路。A.manner方式，举止；B.hurry急忙，匆忙；C.moment片刻；D.way方法。根据句中“aquickwaytoreachthetrainstation”可知，她想快点到达火车站，由此可知，她急于赶火车，“inahurrytodosth.”意为“急于做某事”。故选B项。21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于当时是交通高峰期，她急于赶火车，她建议了一条快速到达火车站的路。A.chose选择；B.made制造；C.suggested建议；D.wondered想知道。根据下文“Youdon’tthinkIknowthebestwaytogo?”可知，出租车司机认为自己知道哪条路去火车站最快，由此可知，女人建议了一条快速到达火车站的路，惹恼了司机。故选C项。22．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我当出租车司机15年了！”司机愤怒地说。“你认为我不知道最好的路吗？”A.angrily愤怒地；B.jokingly开玩笑地；C.anxiously焦急地；D.curiously好奇地。根据下文“Shefinallyrealizedthathewastooannoyedtobe_____”中的“annoyed”可知，女人的建议惹恼了司机，由此可知，司机愤怒地对女人说话。故选A项。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这名女子试图解释说，她无意惹恼他，但司机一直在喊叫。A.promised承诺；B.meant本意是，意欲；C.regretted懊悔；D.decided决定。根据句中“Thewomantriedtoexplain”可知，女人试图对司机解释，由此可知，她无意惹恼司机，没想到自己的建议会惹恼他。故选B项。24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这名女子试图解释说，她无意惹恼他，但司机一直在喊叫。A.shouting喊叫；B.apologizing道歉；C.driving驾驶；D.asking询问。根据下文“Shefinallyrealizedthathewastooannoyedtobe_____”中的“annoyed”可知，司机生气了，由此可知，他一直在对女人喊叫。故选A项。25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她终于意识到他太生气了，以至于不讲道理了，所以她改变了主意。A.careful仔细的；B.normal正常的；C.practical实际的；D.reasonable讲道理的，有理性的。根据上文“butthedriverkept_____”可知，司机气得一直对女人喊叫，由此可知，因为太生气了，他已经不讲道理了。故选D项。26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她终于意识到他太生气了，以至于不讲道理了，所以她改变了主意。A.identity身份；B.direction方向；C.feeling感觉；D.mind思维方式。根据下文“Youknow,youareright”可知，女人不再和司机解释，而是承认司机是对的，由此可知，女人改变了主意，“changeone’smind”意为“改变主意”。故选D项。27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“你知道，你是对的，”她告诉他。“我觉得你不知道穿过这座城市的最佳道路，这一定是不对的。”A.strange奇怪的；B.unfair不公正的；C.wrong不对的，错误的；D.possible可能的。根据句中“Youknow,youareright”可知，女人承认司机是对的，由此可知，她承认自己认为司机不知道穿过这座城市的最佳道路是不对的。故选C项。28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：司机惊讶地从后视镜里瞥了一眼自己的乘客，然后转向她想要走的街道。A.Surprised惊讶的；B.Worried担心的；C.Annoyed恼怒的；D.Disappointed失望的。根据上文“Youknow,youareright”可知，女人承认司机是对的，由此可知，司机没有想到女人会承认自己是对的，感到很惊讶。故选A项。29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：司机惊讶地从后视镜里瞥了一眼自己的乘客，然后转向她想要走的街道。A.mall商场；B.street街道；C.hotel酒店；D.company公司。根据上文“she_____aquickwaytoreachthetrainstation”可知，女人向司机建议了一条能快速到达火车站的路，由此可知，司机转向她想要走的街道。故选B项。30．考查连词词义辨析。句意：“在接下来的旅程中，他没有再说一句话，”她说，“直到我下车付钱给他。然后他感谢我所做的一切。”A.after在……以后；B.because因为；C.until直到；D.since自……以来。根据上文“Hedidn’tsayanotherwordtherestoftheride”可知，在接下来的旅程中，司机没有再说一句话，由此可知，直到下车付钱给他，他才开口感谢作者。故选C项。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“在接下来的旅程中，他没有再说一句话，”她说，“直到我下车付钱给他。然后他感谢我所做的一切。”A.blamed责怪；B.charged控告；C.compensated补偿；D.thanked感谢。根据下文“preventthedisagreementorotherdifficultsituations”可知，女人的行为避免了她与司机之间可能会发生的争执，由此可知，司机感谢女人所做的一切。故选D项。32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你发现自己面对像出租车司机这样的人时，你会试图一直坚持自己的想法。A.make制造；B.find发现；C.keep保持；D.leave离开。根据句中“yourselffacedwithpeoplelikethetaxidriver”可知，句中指发现某种现象，即发现自己面对像出租车司机这样的人时，会试图一直坚持自己的想法。故选B项。33．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当你发现自己面对像出租车司机这样的人时，你会试图一直坚持自己的想法。A.giveup放弃；B.turndown拒绝；C.pointout指出；D.stickto坚持。根据上文“Thewomantriedtoexplainthatshehadn’t_____toannoyhim”可知，起初，女人试图和司机解释，由此可知，当我们发现自己面对像出租车司机这样的人时，会试图一直坚持自己的想法，和司机解释并理论。故选D项。34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它会导致更长时间的争吵，让你失去工作机会或破坏婚姻。A.destroy破坏；B.combine结合；C.suffer遭受；D.divide分开。根据句中“leadtolongerarguments,makeyoulosejobchances”可知，一直坚持自己的想法会导致更长时间的争吵或让你失去工作机会等消极影响，由此可知，句中指这种做法会破坏婚姻。故选A项。35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现了一种简单的方法，可以防止分歧或导致灾难的其他困难情况。A.method方法；B.life生活；C.matter问题；D.test测验。根据下文“The_____istoputyourselfintheotherperson’sshoesandlookforthe_____inwhatthatpersonissaying.”可知，下文告诉我们应该站在别人的角度看问题，这是一种可以防止分歧的方法，由此可知，作者发现了一种简单的方法。故选A项。36．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我发现了一种简单的方法，可以防止分歧或导致灾难的其他困难情况。A.resultingin导致；B.gettingat触及，暗指；C.settingback推迟；D.leadingoff开始，启动。根据句中“adisaster”可知，句中指导致灾难的其他困难情况。故选A项。37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：关键是设身处地为对方着想，并从对方的话中寻找事实。A.problem问题；B.importance重要性；C.reality现实；D.key关键。根据句中“putyourselfintheotherperson’sshoes”可知，“设身处地为对方着想”应该是避免分歧和矛盾的关键。故选D项。38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：关键是设身处地为对方着想，并从对方的话中寻找事实。A.story故事；B.truth真理，事实；C.experience经验；D.expression表达。根据句中“whatthatpersonissaying”可知，我们要学会倾听，从对方的话中寻找事实，不要一味的固执己见。故选B项。39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：想办法达成一致，结果可能会让你大吃一惊。A.argue争论；B.explain解释；C.agree取得一致意见；D.quarrel争吵。根据上文“Youknow,youareright”可知，女人最终同意了司机的看法，避免了矛盾升级，由此可知，句中指想办法与对方的意见达成一致，结果可能会让你大吃一惊。故选C项。40．surrounded【详解】考查过去分词。句意：在回家的路上，我们看到一个四周环山的安静公园。本句已有谓语saw且无连词，动词surround(围绕)用