浙江省宁波市鄞州区2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷（含答案）

浙江省宁波市鄞州区2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷（解析版）二、完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项9．（15分）Myjourneyhomefromschoolisnothingspecial.The（1）isalwaysbusybutIusuallyfindaseatandstart（2）ortextingmyfriendsinsilence，likeeveryoneelse，nottolookatotherpeople.Thenhalfanhourlater，Igetoff.ButlastTuesdaywas（3）.Iwaslookingoutofthewindow，listeningtosomenewmusicI've（4）downloaded（下载）whenthetrainstopped.Thiswasn'tunusualandIthoughtnothingofit.Thenaboutfiveminutes，I（5）therewasalittlenoise，andlateravoicecame："Attention!Weare（6）toannounce（宣布）thatthistrainhastostopforalongtime."Afterthat，somethingspecialhappened﹣Strangersstartedtalkingtoeachother.Ireallysurprised（7）bystartingatalkwithabusinessmananditwasexciting.ThenIdecidedto（8）andgoforawalkdownthetrain.Imetawoman（9），astudentatmyschoolsevenyearsbeforeandknewlotsofmyseriousteachers，butitseemsmyteacherswere（10）thantheyare，forIthinkthey'refriendliernow.Peopleofferedfoodanddrinks（11）eachother.Amantookouthisguitarandsoonweweresingingalong.Itwasmuchfun.And（12）weweresinging，someoneinanotherpartofthetrainaskedformedical（医疗上的）help，andthewomanfrommyschooljumpedinto（13）becauseshewasdoingthiskindofjob.Atlast，aftertwohours，thetrainstarted（14）again.Ofcourse，thisjourneydidn'tchangeanything.ButI'll（15）forgetthedaywhenthetrainstoppedandpeoplestartedcommunication.（1）A.trainB.busC.shipD.taxi（2）A.arguingB.talkingC.readingD.dancing（3）A.peacefulB.magicC.interestingD.different（4）A.recentlyB.mostlyC.secondlyD.hardly（5）A.explainedB.noticedC.guessedD.hoped（6）A.happyB.excitedC.angryD.sorry（7）A.themB.myselfC.themselvesD.him（8）A.pickupB.growupC.fixupD.getup（9）A.actressB.musicianC.nurseD.driver（10）A.poorerB.weakerC.olderD.stricter（11）A.asB.forC.withD.to（12）A.whileB.becauseC.unlessD.until（13）A.locationB.actionC.satisfactionD.position（14）A.torestB.tomoveC.tostopD.tocompete（15）A.alwaysB.seldomC.neverD.sometimes三、阅读理解阅读下面材料，从每题所给的A，B.C.D四个选项中选出最佳选项。10．（6分）dosomevolunteerworkin2023？ANIMALHome：March3isWorldWildlifeDay.Asturtle（乌龟）babiescomeout，weneedvolunteerstohelpthemgobacktotheseaonthatdaytocallonpeopletoprotectanimals.CallMr.LiuaeforeFebruary20.FUNSociety：AnorganizationstartedinApril.Ifyoujoinit，youshouldteachthechildrenhowtoprotecttheenvironmentaroundus，suchascleaningupparks.Comeon!Youcanemailusat@17935.fromMay1toMay17.SPORTSClub：TheHangzhou2023AsianGameswillbeginonSeptember23.Ifyou'regoodatEnglishandliketohelpplayersinthegames，whynotcomehereonAugust23？Ouraddress（地址）is360#onZhongxingRoad，YinzhouDistrict.Iyouhaveanyproblemsabouttheinformationabove（在上面），pleasecallournewspaperofficeat56510000.（1）Howmanyvolunteerjobsarethereinthenotice？A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.（2）Wherecanwefindthenotice？A.Onaclubweb.B.Inanewspaper.C.Inamagazine.D.Inastorybook.（3）Whenmightthenoticecomeout？A.OnSeptember23.B.OnApril17.C.OnMarch3.D.OnFebruary10.11．（8分）ThekidsintheclassusedtobeafraidofHarrybecausehewasreallyimpolite.Forexample，hepushedotherkidsinlineandsaid，"Getoutofthewayandletmeinfront."Oneday，anewkidcalledEthancametotheclass.Hewasshortandthinwithshortredhair.Whentheteacherwasn'tlooking，HarrymadefacesatEthanandsomekidslaughed.EthanwasinfrontofHarryintheline.AgainHarrypushedEthaninline，saying"Letmeinfront."ButEthanjustsmiledatHarryandsaid"▲".Harry'sfacewentred﹣hewasveryangry.Kidsneversaidsuchaworddirectly（直接地）tohim.Buthecoulddonothingbecausetheteacherwaslooking.Later，oneday，whenEthanwenttotheclassroom，Harrysnatched（抢夺）hispencil.ButEthanjustsmiledandsaid，"Youcanhaveit.Thisismysister's.ShelikespinkbutIdon't."Whenthekidslaughed，Harry'sfacewentredagain.Afterlunchtime，Ethanwenttoplaysoccerandhecouldstopeveryballverywell.EthankickedtheballtoHarryandaskedhimtostopit，butHarrycouldn'tstopitandfelloverinthemud（泥土）.ThekidslaughedbutEthandidn't.Instead，hetaughtHarryhowtostoptheballwell.Afterthat，HarryandEthanbecamefriends.Now，nooneisafraidofHarry，becauseEthanshowedHarryhowtobeafriend.（1）WhichofthefollowingsmightHarryusetodo？A.Fightwithkids.B.Helpkidsout.C.Cheerupkids.D.Dependonkids.（2）Whatwordcanweputinthe"▲"inParagraphTwo？A.No.B.OK.C.Sorry.D.Please.（3）WhydidHarryandEthanbecomefriendsatlast？A.Becausetheteacheraskedthemtodoso.B.BecauseEthanwassoafraidofHarry.C.BecauseEthanhelpedHarryplaysoccer.D.BecauseHarrycontrolledEthanlater.（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？A.Laughatkidswhenteachersdon'tlook.B.Beclosetosomestrongclassmates.C.Don'tmakefriendswithimpolitepeople.D.Goodfriendsmakeeachotherbetter.12．（8分）①Lotsandlotsofpeopleliveintownsandcities.Citiesaregreatbecauseyoucangetwhatyouneedwhenyouneeditandlifethereisreallyconvenientbuttheycanalsobedirty，smellyandcrowded.Thatiswhyweneedmoreflowersandtreesinourcitiestomakethembetterplacestolive.②Treescanhelptheenvironmentbycleaningtheairandtheyhelptogetridofharmfuldustandpollution.Scientificresearchshowsthatonetreecanremovemorethantenkilogramsofcarbondioxideoutofouraireveryyear.ThishelpsstopcarbondioxidegoingintotheEarth'satmosphereandchangingourclimate.③Ifwecanstopdamagingtheclimate，wecanbuildmorecities.Itwouldbegoodforanimalsandplantstoobecauseclimatechangeismakingthembecomeendangered.Butifwedestroyourplanet，wecannotbuildanotherone.④Iftherearemoreparksandtreesandflowersinourcities，peoplewillgooutmore.Beingoutdoorsisgoodforourphysicalandmentalhealth.Onesurveyfoundthattimespentenjoyingnaturecanhelppeopleovercomestressanddepression.Ifthereisnowheretogoout，peoplespendtheirtimeintheirhomeswatchingthetelevisionorstaringatscreensandthisisbadforus.⑤Themorewehelpnature，themoreithelpsus.Weneedtostopbuildingupourcitiesandmakesomespaceforgrassandtreesandflowersbecauseitwouldbegoodfortheplanet，andgoodforeveryoneontheplanet.（1）Thewriterintroduceshispointofview（观点）byinPara1.A.listingnumbersB.comparingfactsC.givingexamplesD.makingpredictions（2）Ifweplantonethousandtreesinourneighborhood，thatmeansthetreescanremoveoverkilogramsofcarbondioxidewhentheygrowbig.A.100B.1000C.10000D.100000（3）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage？A.Treescanhardlyhelpgetridofpollution.B.Climatechangemakesanimalslivelonger.C.Wecaneasilybuildanotherplanetformorecities.D.Ifwefeelstressed，it'sgoodtospendtimeenjoyingnature.（4）What'sthestructureofthepassage？A.1﹣2/3﹣4/5B.1/2﹣3/4﹣5C.1﹣2/3﹣4﹣5D.1/2﹣3﹣4/513．（8分）Thefollowingisadapted（改编）fromanovel：BobandJimmyhadanappointment（约定）tomeeteachotheratthesameplace，dateandtimetwentyyearslater.ThenBobwenttotheWestandtheyhaven'tmetuntilthedaycame.SceneOne：（It's10：10p.m.atthedarkstreetcornerinNewYork）AMan：Isthatyou，Bob？I'mtenminuteslate，right？IwascertainI'dfindyouhere.Bob：Yes.Jimmy？Blessmyheart!Webothhaven'tforgottentheplace，thedateandthetimethatwemadetwentyyearsago!AMan：Theoldrestauranthasgone，Bob.HowIwishit'dbeen，sowecouldhavehadanotherdinnertherejustliketheonetwentyyearsago.Howhaveyoubeenthere，oldman？Bob：IthasgivenmeeverythingIaskedfor.You'vechangedalot，Jimmy.Ineverthoughtyouweresotall.Doingwellhere，Jimmy？AMan：Oh，IgrewabitandI'manofficerhere.Comeon，Bob.Let'sgoouttohaveagoodlongtalkaboutoldtimes.SceneTwo：（Outofthedarkcorner）Bob：You'renotJimmy.Twentyyearsisalongtime，butnotlongenoughtochangeamansomuch.AMan：Itsometimeschangesagoodmanintoabadone.You'vebeenunderarrest（被捕），Bob.Beforewegotothepolicestation，here'sanoteforyou.It'sfrommycolleague（同事）.Youtwotalkedearlierthanus.Bob：Iwasattheappointed（约定的）placeontime.Whenyouborrowedmymatchandlightedyourcigar，IsawitwasalsothefaceofthemanwantedinChicagoPoliceStation.Icouldn'tarrest（抓捕）youmyself，soIwentaroundandgotmycolleaguetodothejob.JIMMY（1）WhenshouldBobandJimmymeetaccordingtotheirappointment？A.9：50p.m.B.10：00p.m.C.10：10p.m.D.10：20p.m.（2）HowmightBob'sfeelingchangefromSceneOnetoSceneTwo？A.Sad→Excited.B.Excited→Surprised.C.Surprised→Angry.D.Angry→Sad.（3）WhatcanyouinferfromthenoteJimmywrotetoBob？A.Bobhasn'tfoundoutthecriminalyet.B.BothBobandJimmyarepolicemen.C.Jimmypromisedtocome，butheforgotit.D.JimmyhasknownBobisthecriminal.（4）What'sthebesttitleofthepassageaccordingtothescenes？A.PoliceStationsB.BobandAManC.AfterTwentyYearsD.TheCheats四、任务型阅读14．（5分）每个学生都有压力。下面五位同学提出了减压绝招，请你将下面六幅图A﹣F与其招数46﹣50进行匹配。其中有一幅图是多余的。（1）Luke：Planyourtimeinaproperway.（2）Jean：Havelotsofphysicalactivities.（3）Brian：Eathealthyfoodsandfruits.（4）Carla：Getenoughandgoodsleep.（5）Ruby：Drinkfruitjuiceorwater.五、词汇运用15．（1分）This（夫妻）isfromRussiaandtheywanttocomehere.16．（1分）Jenniewantstosit（在……对面）hermotheratbreakfast.17．（1分）QuanHongchan，oneofthegreatestdivers，has（打败）otherdiversmanytimes.18．（1分）IthinkIhavelockedthedoor，buthowdidthedooropenby（它自己）？19．（1分）How（大量地）itrains!Don'tgooutnow，please!20．（1分）Iguessitwasa（孤独的）timeforyoutostayatschoolwithnofriendsaround.21．（1分）Nothingcankeepthem（分离）evenintrouble.Asweknow，they'reunited.22．（1分）Lisacontinued（躺）onthebeduntilhermothercamebackhomefromwork.23．（1分）Doyouknowwhether（德国人）liketoeatItalianspaghettiornot，Mandy？24．（1分）Whataboutcallingus（无论何时）youarefree？Wecanhaveanicetalk.根据对话内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。每词仅用一次（每空一词）。25．（5分）excitenearsuddenworkanyLonglongago，therewasayoungmanandhisfamilyhasbeenfarmersforyears.Farmersusedtobegin（1）atsunriseandreturnatsunset.Butthisyoungfarmerwaslazyandheoftendreamedofhavingfood.Ofcourse，hedidn'tdo（2）farmingwork.Onedayinlateautumn，whenhewasinthefield，（3），ablindrabbithitonatreeinhisfieldanddied.Thatday，heatetherabbitwith（4）.Fromthenon，henolongerworkedforfarmingbutstayed（5）thattree，waitingforrabbitstohitagain.六、语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。26．（10分）OurEnglishteacher，Annieasksustohandinareport.It'saboutthe（1）（brave）thingwe'veeverdone.ButnowIstillhavenoidea，becauseI'mreally（2）braveboy，andhavedonealotofbravethings.Letmesharewithyou.Maybeyoucangivemesomeadvice.WhenIwasnine，I（3）（ride）onarollercoasteralone.Itwasscary，（4）itwasfunatthesametime.OnedaywhenI（5）（sweep）thefloorwithDaveat5：00p.m.afterschool，allofasudden，Davefelloverandhurt（6）（he）kneesbadly.QuicklyIcarriedDavetothedoctorintheschool（7）thinkingtwice.IalsorememberonceIhadtospeakinpublicon（8）greatChineseNewYearis.Atfirst，ontheway，IwassonervousthatIforgotwhattobegin（9）（complete），butafterIgotthere，Ididitsuccessfully.FromthenonI'velearnedwhenyoufaceddifficulties，youshouldbebrave，nevergive（10）.Whichthingabove（在上面的）doyouthinkIcanwriteaboutforthereport？七、书面表达27．（10分）即将步入初三的你们上周在校园里参加了一场"旧物迎新主（OldThings，NewOwners）"的拍卖活动。假设你是李华，请你根据下表提示和内容，写一封信给你的笔友Alan，向他简要介绍你和朋友们的旧物情况并表达活动感悟。ThingsonsaleAbluebikeWhosell（s）AmyWhentoownBeforejuniorschool.ReasonstosellNolongeruseit.Footballshoes...BenIInGradeSeven....Toosmall....注意：（1）短文必须包括所有要点，并适当发挥；（2）文中不得出现真实的人名和校名；（3）词数：80﹣100字左右。DearAlan，______Yours，LiHua

参考答案与试题解析二、完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项9．（15分）Myjourneyhomefromschoolisnothingspecial.The（1）AisalwaysbusybutIusuallyfindaseatandstart（2）Cortextingmyfriendsinsilence，likeeveryoneelse，nottolookatotherpeople.Thenhalfanhourlater，Igetoff.ButlastTuesdaywas（3）D.Iwaslookingoutofthewindow，listeningtosomenewmusicI've（4）Adownloaded（下载）whenthetrainstopped.Thiswasn'tunusualandIthoughtnothingofit.Thenaboutfiveminutes，I（5）Btherewasalittlenoise，andlateravoicecame："Attention!Weare（6）Dtoannounce（宣布）thatthistrainhastostopforalongtime."Afterthat，somethingspecialhappened﹣Strangersstartedtalkingtoeachother.Ireallysurprised（7）Bbystartingatalkwithabusinessmananditwasexciting.ThenIdecidedto（8）Dandgoforawalkdownthetrain.Imetawoman（9）C，astudentatmyschoolsevenyearsbeforeandknewlotsofmyseriousteachers，butitseemsmyteacherswere（10）Dthantheyare，forIthinkthey'refriendliernow.Peopleofferedfoodanddrinks（11）Deachother.Amantookouthisguitarandsoonweweresingingalong.Itwasmuchfun.And（12）Aweweresinging，someoneinanotherpartofthetrainaskedformedical（医疗上的）help，andthewomanfrommyschooljumpedinto（13）Bbecauseshewasdoingthiskindofjob.Atlast，aftertwohours，thetrainstarted（14）Bagain.Ofcourse，thisjourneydidn'tchangeanything.ButI'll（15）Cforgetthedaywhenthetrainstoppedandpeoplestartedcommunication.（1）A.trainB.busC.shipD.taxi（2）A.arguingB.talkingC.readingD.dancing（3）A.peacefulB.magicC.interestingD.different（4）A.recentlyB.mostlyC.secondlyD.hardly（5）A.explainedB.noticedC.guessedD.hoped（6）A.happyB.excitedC.angryD.sorry（7）A.themB.myselfC.themselvesD.him（8）A.pickupB.growupC.fixupD.getup（9）A.actressB.musicianC.nurseD.driver（10）A.poorerB.weakerC.olderD.stricter（11）A.asB.forC.withD.to（12）A.whileB.becauseC.unlessD.until（13）A.locationB.actionC.satisfactionD.position（14）A.torestB.tomoveC.tostopD.tocompete（15）A.alwaysB.seldomC.neverD.sometimes【分析】这段短文主要描述了作者平常的上学路途，但上周二发生了一件特别的事情。火车突然停下来，陌生人开始相互交谈，人们互相提供食物和饮料，还有人弹吉他唱歌。在火车停留了两个小时后，最终重新启动。这次旅程虽然没有改变什么，但作者将永远不会忘记这一天。【解答】（1）考查名词。句意：火车总是很忙碌，但我通常会找个座位然后开始读书，或者像其他人一样，默默地给朋友发短信，不看别人。A.火车；B.公交车；C.船；D.出租车。根据下文whenthetrainstopped（当火车停下的时候），可知作者乘坐的是火车，应该是说火车很忙碌。故选A。（2）考查动名词。句意：火车总是很忙碌，但我通常会找个座位然后开始读书，或者像其他人一样，默默地给朋友发短信，不看别人。A.争论；B.交谈；C.读书；D.跳舞。根据insilence（默默地），可知是默默地看书，不和别人交流。故选C。（3）考查形容词。句意：但上周二不同。A.和平的；B.有魔法的；C.有趣的；D.不同的。根据somethingspecialhappened﹣Strangersstartedtalkingtoeachother（一些特别的事发生了——陌生人开始互相交谈），可知上周二发生的事与平常不同，人们不再默默地做自己的事，而是开始交流。故选D。（4）考查副词。句意：当火车停下的时候，我看着窗外，听着我最近下载的一些新的音乐。A.最近；B.大多数；C.其次；D.几乎不。根据somenewmusic（一些新的音乐），可知应该是最近下载的。故选A。（5）考查动词。句意：大约五分钟后，我注意到有一点噪音。A.解释；B.注意到；C.猜想；D.希望。根据therewasalittlenoise（有一点噪音），可知是作者注意到了有一点噪音。故选B。（6）考查形容词。句意：注意！我们遗憾地宣布这列火车必须停很长时间。A.快乐的；B.兴奋的；C.气愤的；D.遗憾的。根据thistrainhastostopforalongtime（这列火车必须停很长时间），可知是很遗憾地宣布这个消息。故选D。（7）考查代词。句意：与一位商人开始交谈，我真的很惊讶，这是令人兴奋的。A.他们；B.我自己；C.他们自己；D.他们。根据前文likeeveryoneelse，nottolookatotherpeople（像其他人一样，不看别人），可知作者以前坐车都不和别人交流，这次开始和陌生人聊天，作者自己都感到惊讶，所以是说"让我自己惊讶"。故选B。（8）考查动词短语。句意：然后我决定起来，沿着火车散步。A.捡起；B.长大；C.修理；D.起来。根据goforawalk（去散步），可知是从座位上起来。故选D。（9）考查名词。句意：我遇到了一位女护士，七年前是我学校的学生，认识很多我的严肃的老师，但我的老师似乎以前比现在更严格，因为我认为他们现在更友好了。A.演员；B.音乐家；C.护士；D.司机。根据下文someoneinanotherpartofthetrainaskedformedical（医疗上的）help，andthewomanfrommyschooljumpedinto...becauseshewasdoingthiskindofjob（火车上另一个地方需要医疗帮助，我学校的这位妇女立即......因为她就是做这类工作的），可知她是护士。故选C。（10）考查形容词。句意：我遇到了一位女护士，七年前是我学校的学生，认识很多我的严肃的老师，但我的老师似乎以前比现在更严格，因为我认为他们现在更友好了。A.更穷的；B.更弱的；C.更老的；D.更严格的。theywere他们过去是，theyare他们现在是，根据Ithinkthey'refriendliernow（我认为他们现在更友好了）以及knewlotsofmyseriousteachers（认识很多我的严肃的老师），可知老师们过去比现在更严格。故选D。（11）考查介词。句意：人们互相提供食物和饮料。A.作为；B.为了；C.和......一起；D.到，向。offersth.tosb.向某人提供某物，固定搭配。故选D。（12）考查连词。句意：当我们正在唱歌的时候，火车上另一个地方有人需要医疗帮助，我学校的这位妇女立即行动，因为她就是做这类工作的。A.当......时候；B.因为；C.除非；D.直到。根据____weweresinging（____我们正在唱歌），可知连词用while，while引导的时间状语从句用进行时。故选A。（13）考查名词。句意：当我们正在唱歌的时候，火车上另一个地方有人需要医疗帮助，我学校的这位妇女立即行动，因为她就是做这类工作的。A.位置；B.行动；C.满意；D.职位，地位。根据someoneinanotherpartofthetrainaskedformedical（医疗上的）help（火车上另一个地方有人需要医疗帮助），可知她立即行动，jumpintoaction立即行动。故选B。（14）考查动词。句意：最后，两个小时后，火车又继续前行。A.休息；B.前进；C.停止；D.完成。根据aftertwohours（两个小时候），可知火车停了两个小时候继续前行。故选B。（15）考查副词。句意：但我永远不会忘记火车停下来，人们开始交流的那一天。A.总是；B.很少；C.永不；D.有时。根据thetrainstoppedandpeoplestartedcommunication（火车停下来，人们开始交流），可知作者永远不会忘记这不同寻常的一天。故选C。【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。三、阅读理解阅读下面材料，从每题所给的A，B.C.D四个选项中选出最佳选项。10．（6分）dosomevolunteerworkin2023？ANIMALHome：March3isWorldWildlifeDay.Asturtle（乌龟）babiescomeout，weneedvolunteerstohelpthemgobacktotheseaonthatdaytocallonpeopletoprotectanimals.CallMr.LiuaeforeFebruary20.FUNSociety：AnorganizationstartedinApril.Ifyoujoinit，youshouldteachthechildrenhowtoprotecttheenvironmentaroundus，suchascleaningupparks.Comeon!Youcanemailusat@17935.fromMay1toMay17.SPORTSClub：TheHangzhou2023AsianGameswillbeginonSeptember23.Ifyou'regoodatEnglishandliketohelpplayersinthegames，whynotcomehereonAugust23？Ouraddress（地址）is360#onZhongxingRoad，YinzhouDistrict.Iyouhaveanyproblemsabouttheinformationabove（在上面），pleasecallournewspaperofficeat56510000.（1）Howmanyvolunteerjobsarethereinthenotice？CA.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.（2）Wherecanwefindthenotice？BA.Onaclubweb.B.Inanewspaper.C.Inamagazine.D.Inastorybook.（3）Whenmightthenoticecomeout？DA.OnSeptember23.B.OnApril17.C.OnMarch3.D.OnFebruary10.【分析】短文主要介绍了2023年的志愿者工作机会。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据ANIMALHome（动物家园）FUNSociety（FUN社团）SPORTSClub（体育俱乐部）可知招聘启事上有3个志愿者工作。故选C。（2）推理判断题。根据最后一段Iyouhaveanyproblemsabouttheinformationabove（在上面），pleasecallournewspaperofficeat56510000.（如果您对以上信息有任何疑问，请拨打我们报社电话56510000。）可知可以在报纸上看到文章。故选B。（3）推理判断题。根据第一段CallMr.LiuaeforeFebruary20.（2月20日前致刘先生打电话。）可知在2月10日。故选D。【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。11．（8分）ThekidsintheclassusedtobeafraidofHarrybecausehewasreallyimpolite.Forexample，hepushedotherkidsinlineandsaid，"Getoutofthewayandletmeinfront."Oneday，anewkidcalledEthancametotheclass.Hewasshortandthinwithshortredhair.Whentheteacherwasn'tlooking，HarrymadefacesatEthanandsomekidslaughed.EthanwasinfrontofHarryintheline.AgainHarrypushedEthaninline，saying"Letmeinfront."ButEthanjustsmiledatHarryandsaid"▲".Harry'sfacewentred﹣hewasveryangry.Kidsneversaidsuchaworddirectly（直接地）tohim.Buthecoulddonothingbecausetheteacherwaslooking.Later，oneday，whenEthanwenttotheclassroom，Harrysnatched（抢夺）hispencil.ButEthanjustsmiledandsaid，"Youcanhaveit.Thisismysister's.ShelikespinkbutIdon't."Whenthekidslaughed，Harry'sfacewentredagain.Afterlunchtime，Ethanwenttoplaysoccerandhecouldstopeveryballverywell.EthankickedtheballtoHarryandaskedhimtostopit，butHarrycouldn'tstopitandfelloverinthemud（泥土）.ThekidslaughedbutEthandidn't.Instead，hetaughtHarryhowtostoptheballwell.Afterthat，HarryandEthanbecamefriends.Now，nooneisafraidofHarry，becauseEthanshowedHarryhowtobeafriend.（1）WhichofthefollowingsmightHarryusetodo？AA.Fightwithkids.B.Helpkidsout.C.Cheerupkids.D.Dependonkids.（2）Whatwordcanweputinthe"▲"inParagraphTwo？AA.No.B.OK.C.Sorry.D.Please.（3）WhydidHarryandEthanbecomefriendsatlast？CA.Becausetheteacheraskedthemtodoso.B.BecauseEthanwassoafraidofHarry.C.BecauseEthanhelpedHarryplaysoccer.D.BecauseHarrycontrolledEthanlater.（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？DA.Laughatkidswhenteachersdon'tlook.B.Beclosetosomestrongclassmates.C.Don'tmakefriendswithimpolitepeople.D.Goodfriendsmakeeachotherbetter.【分析】这段短文主要讲述了哈利以前很粗鲁，班上的孩子们都害怕他。有一天新来的伊桑对哈利微笑并友善地回应了他的无礼行为，哈利感到很生气。后来，伊桑展示了自己的技能并教哈利如何踢足球，两人成为了朋友。现在，没有人再害怕哈利了，因为伊桑教会了他如何做一个朋友。【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据文中第1段：ThekidsintheclassusedtobeafraidofHarrybecausehewasreallyimpolite.Forexample，hepushedotherkidsinlineandsaid，"Getoutofthewayandletmeinfront."（班上的孩子们过去都害怕哈利，因为他真的很没礼貌。例如，他让其他孩子排队，并说："让开，让我排在前面。"）可知，哈利可能会打架。故选A。（2）推理判断题。根据文中第2段：Harry'sfacewentred﹣hewasveryangry.（哈利的脸变红了——他非常生气。）可知，伊森拒绝了哈利，对哈利说了"不"。故选A。（3）细节理解题。根据文中第4段：Instead，hetaughtHarryhowtostoptheballwell.Afterthat，HarryandEthanbecamefriends.（相反，他教哈利如何很好地阻止球。之后，哈利和伊森成了朋友。）可知，哈利和伊森最后成了朋友是因为伊森帮助哈里踢足球。故选C。（4）推理判断题。根据文中第4段：Instead，hetaughtHarryhowtostoptheballwell.Afterthat，HarryandEthanbecamefriends.（相反，他教哈利如何很好地阻止球。之后，哈利和伊森成了朋友。）可知，好朋友让彼此变得更好。故选D。【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。12．（8分）①Lotsandlotsofpeopleliveintownsandcities.Citiesaregreatbecauseyoucangetwhatyouneedwhenyouneeditandlifethereisreallyconvenientbuttheycanalsobedirty，smellyandcrowded.Thatiswhyweneedmoreflowersandtreesinourcitiestomakethembetterplacestolive.②Treescanhelptheenvironmentbycleaningtheairandtheyhelptogetridofharmfuldustandpollution.Scientificresearchshowsthatonetreecanremovemorethantenkilogramsofcarbondioxideoutofouraireveryyear.ThishelpsstopcarbondioxidegoingintotheEarth'satmosphereandchangingourclimate.③Ifwecanstopdamagingtheclimate，wecanbuildmorecities.Itwouldbegoodforanimalsandplantstoobecauseclimatechangeismakingthembecomeendangered.Butifwedestroyourplanet，wecannotbuildanotherone.④Iftherearemoreparksandtreesandflowersinourcities，peoplewillgooutmore.Beingoutdoorsisgoodforourphysicalandmentalhealth.Onesurveyfoundthattimespentenjoyingnaturecanhelppeopleovercomestressanddepression.Ifthereisnowheretogoout，peoplespendtheirtimeintheirhomeswatchingthetelevisionorstaringatscreensandthisisbadforus.⑤Themorewehelpnature，themoreithelpsus.Weneedtostopbuildingupourcitiesandmakesomespaceforgrassandtreesandflowersbecauseitwouldbegoodfortheplanet，andgoodforeveryoneontheplanet.（1）Thewriterintroduceshispointofview（观点）byBinPara1.A.listingnumbersB.comparingfactsC.givingexamplesD.makingpredictions（2）Ifweplantonethousandtreesinourneighborhood，thatmeansthetreescanremoveoverCkilogramsofcarbondioxidewhentheygrowbig.A.100B.1000C.10000D.100000（3）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage？DA.Treescanhardlyhelpgetridofpollution.B.Climatechangemakesanimalslivelonger.C.Wecaneasilybuildanotherplanetformorecities.D.Ifwefeelstressed，it'sgoodtospendtimeenjoyingnature.（4）What'sthestructureofthepassage？DA.1﹣2/3﹣4/5B.1/2﹣3/4﹣5C.1﹣2/3﹣4﹣5D.1/2﹣3﹣4/5【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了城市生活的利弊以及为了改善城市生活质量，我们需要在城市中增加更多的花草树木。树木可以通过净化空气帮助环境，每年可以去除超过10公斤的二氧化碳，从而阻止二氧化碳进入大气层，改变气候。如果我们能停止破坏气候，就可以建设更多的城市，这对动植物也有好处。如果我们破坏了地球，就无法再建造另一个地球。如果城市中有更多的公园、树木和花草，人们会更多地外出，这对我们的身心健康有好处。帮助自然界，自然界也会回报我们。我们需要停止城市的扩张，为草地、树木和花草腾出一些空间，因为这对地球和地球上的每个人都有好处。【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据第一段Citiesaregreatbecauseyoucangetwhatyouneedwhenyouneeditandlifethereisreallyconvenientbuttheycanalsobedirty，smellyandcrowded.（城市很好因为当我们需要什么东西时我们就可以得到而且生活很便利，但是城市又脏又臭还很拥挤。）可知作者通过对比来表达自己的观点。故选B。（2）细节推理题。根据第二段Scientificresearchshowsthatonetreecanremovemorethantenkilogramsofcarbondioxideoutofouraireveryyear.（科学演讲显示一棵树每年可以去除超过10公斤的二氧化碳。）可知如果我们种植1000棵树。就可以去除10000公斤的二氧化碳。故选C。（3）推理判断题。根据第二段Treescanhelptheenvironmentbycleaningtheairandtheyhelptogetridofharmfuldustandpollution.（树木可以通过净化空气帮助环境并帮助去除有害尘土和污染。）可知A选项"树木几乎不能去除污染。"是错误的。根据第三段Itwouldbegoodforanimalsandplantstoobecauseclimatechangeismakingthembecomeendangered.（对动物和植物也很好因为气候变化正使它们变得危险。）可知B选项"气候变化可以使动物活得更久。"是错误的。根据第三段Butifwedestroyourplanet，wecannotbuildanotherone.（但如果我们破坏我们的星球，我们不能再建造一个。）可知C选项"在另一个星球建造更多的城市很容易。"是错误的。根据第四段Onesurveyfoundthattimespentenjoyingnaturecanhelppeopleovercomestressanddepression.（一个研究发现人们更多的接近大自然可以帮助人们克服压力和悲伤。）可知D选项"如果我们觉得有压力，去享受自然是很好的方式。"是正确的。故选D。（4）篇章结构题。第一段通过对比事实引出作者的观点；第二三四段分别介绍了树木的重要性；第五段对改善环境提出的建议。故选D。【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。13．（8分）Thefollowingisadapted（改编）fromanovel：BobandJimmyhadanappointment（约定）tomeeteachotheratthesameplace，dateandtimetwentyyearslater.ThenBobwenttotheWestandtheyhaven'tmetuntilthedaycame.SceneOne：（It's10：10p.m.atthedarkstreetcornerinNewYork）AMan：Isthatyou，Bob？I'mtenminuteslate，right？IwascertainI'dfindyouhere.Bob：Yes.Jimmy？Blessmyheart!Webothhaven'tforgottentheplace，thedateandthetimethatwemadetwentyyearsago!AMan：Theoldrestauranthasgone，Bob.HowIwishit'dbeen，sowecouldhavehadanotherdinnertherejustliketheonetwentyyearsago.Howhaveyoubeenthere，oldman？Bob：IthasgivenmeeverythingIaskedfor.You'vechangedalot，Jimmy.Ineverthoughtyouweresotall.Doingwellhere，Jimmy？AMan：Oh，IgrewabitandI'manofficerhere.Comeon，Bob.Let'sgoouttohaveagoodlongtalkaboutoldtimes.SceneTwo：（Outofthedarkcorner）Bob：You'renotJimmy.Twentyyearsisalongtime，butnotlongenoughtochangeamansomuch.AMan：Itsometimeschangesagoodmanintoabadone.You'vebeenunderarrest（被捕），Bob.Beforewegotothepolicestation，here'sanoteforyou.It'sfrommycolleague（同事）.Youtwotalkedearlierthanus.Bob：Iwasattheappointed（约定的）placeontime.Whenyouborrowedmymatchandlightedyourcigar，IsawitwasalsothefaceofthemanwantedinChicagoPoliceStation.Icouldn'tarrest（抓捕）youmyself，soIwentaroundandgotmycolleaguetodothejob.JIMMY（1）WhenshouldBobandJimmymeetaccordingtotheirappointment？BA.9：50p.m.B.10：00p.m.C.10：10p.m.D.10：20p.m.（2）HowmightBob'sfeelingchangefromSceneOnetoSceneTwo？BA.Sad→Excited.B.Excited→Surprised.C.Surprised→Angry.D.Angry→Sad.（3）WhatcanyouinferfromthenoteJimmywrotetoBob？DA.Bobhasn'tfoundoutthecriminalyet.B.BothBobandJimmyarepolicemen.C.Jimmypromisedtocome，buthef