2023届高三英语常考词汇背诵资料汇总

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目录

1.词汇变形............................................................3-14

2.英语名词单数变复数；动词现在分词、过去式，形容词、副词的比较级别，形容词变

副词规则规律...........................................................15-19

3.高中英语词组大全...................................................20-30

4.熟词生义...........................................................31-39

5.常考完型词汇背诵...................................................40-43

6.常考阅读词汇背诵...................................................43-51

一、词汇变形:

A组单词

V.ii.adj.adv.

academy学会，研究院academic学业的，学术的

actual事实上actually

appoint任命,指定appointment约会，任命，职务

disableenableabilitydisabilityableunabledisabled

absence缺席，不在absent缺席的

absorb吸收absorbed

accept接受，赞成acceptanceacceptable

access入口accessible可进入的，易得到的

accident事故accidental意外的accidentally

accomplish完成accomplishment

achieve达到，实现achievement

act行动，表现，表演actionactivityact

activate激活，使活化activity活动active积极的

addict使上瘾addictionaddicted

add加additionadditional

adjust调整adjustmentadjustable

admire钦佩，仰慕admirationadmirable

admit承认，接纳admission

advance前进，发展advance进步，发展advanced

advantagedisadvantage

advertise登广告，公布advertisement

advise建议，告知advice

ageageaged...岁的，年老的，老化的

agree同意agreement

agriculture农业agricultural

allow允许，促使，让allowance津贴,补助，定量

amaze使惊奇amazementamazing/amazed

ambition雄心、ambitious有抱负的

amuse逗乐，消遣amusementamusing/amused

analyze分析analysis

anger生气angryangrily

announce宣布，公布announcement

annoy使烦恼，打扰annoying/annoyed

annual每年的annually

anxiety焦虑，忧虑anxiousanxiously

apologize道歉apology

appear出现，呈现appearance

apply申请，应用applicant/application

appreciate欣赏,感激appreciation

approvedisapproveapprovaldisapproval（同意，赞成，批准）

argue主张，认为，争辩argument

arrange安排，整理arrangement

arrive达到，抵达arrival

assist帮助assistant/assistance

associate联想,联系association

astonish使吃惊astonishmentastonished/astonishing

attract吸引attractionattractive

affect(影响)effect影响，作用，效果

athleteathleticsathletic运动的

awareness认识，意识aware

accuracy准确性,精确性accurate

account认为，解释accountaccountant（账户，）

adapt适应，调整adaptation

alcohol酒精alcoholic

B.C组单词

V.n.adj.adv.

balance平衡balancebalanced

base以…为基础basebasisbasicbasically

bathe洗澡，洒满bath

beauty美丽beautiful

believe相信beliefdisbeliefbelievableunbelievable

benefit对...有益benefitbeneficial

bravery勇气，勇敢bravebravely

breathe呼吸breathbreathless

behave行为,表现behavior

bore使厌烦，使讨厌boredomboringbored

cheer欢呼，喝彩，鼓励cheercheerful

curiosity好奇心curious

calculate计算calculationcalculator

care照顾，在意，喜欢care/carelessnesscareful/careless

caution警告，提醒caution小心，谨慎,提醒cautious

celebrate庆祝celebration

center中心central

character/characteristic特征characteristic典型的,独特的

choose选择choicechosechosen过去式/分词

cloud云cloudy

collect收集,收藏collection收藏品，募捐

comfort安慰，复位comfort舒服，舒适comfortable舒适的

compete竞争，对抗competition/competitorcompetitive

concentrate使集中concentration

conclude断定，结束conclusion结论

confidence自信confident

condition条件,状况conditionalunconditional

consciousness知觉，意识consciousunconscious

congratulate祝贺congratulation

connect联系，连接connectionconnected

consider考虑considerationconsiderate

construct建造construction

contribute捐赠，贡献contribution

(in)convenienceconvenientinconvenient

correct改正，纠正correctioncorrectincorrect(in)correctly

create创造，创建creation/creator/creativitycreative

casualcasually

challenge挑战challengechallenging

chemistrychemicalchemical化学的

clarify澄清，阐明clear明白的，清楚的

city城市citizen市民

combine结合，组合combination

commit犯（罪）承诺commitment

accompany陪伴companycompanion

compose组成，作曲…composercomposition

concern有关，担心concernconcerned

confuse使困惑confusionconfusingconfused

consist由…组成consistencyconsistent

consult咨询，请教consultant

consume消耗，吃consumerconsumption

convention习俗，惯例conventional习惯的，常规的

convince说服,劝服convincingconvinced

crime罪行criminal罪犯criminal犯罪的

crowd聚集crowd人群crowded

culture文化cultural

cycle骑车recycle循环cyclist

D.E组单词

V.n.adj.adv.

endanger使处于危险匚idangerdangerousendangered

darkness黑暗，深色dark

decide决定decision

decorate装饰，装修decoration

defend保卫，防御，捍卫defensedefence

delight使高兴delight高兴delighteddelightful

depend依靠，取决于independenceindependent

deepen变深，加深depthdeep

describe描述description

determine决定determinationdetermined

develop发展developmentdeveloping/developed

devote献身devotiondevoted

differ不同于differencedifferent

difficultydifficult

direct指导,指引，指示directordirection

disagree不同意disagreement

disappoint使失望disappointmentdisappointed/disappointing

discourage使泄气discouragementdiscouraged/discouraging

discover发现discovery

discuss讨论discussion

disgust使反感disgustdisgustingdisgusted

distance疏远，远离distance距离，远处distant遥远的,冷淡的

diversity多样性diverse不同的

eagernesseager热切的，渴望的

east东方eastern

ease减轻，缓和，放松ease容易，舒适，自在easy简答的easily

excite使兴奋excitementexciting/excitedexcitedly

extreme极其的extremely

educate教育，培养education/educatoreducated

affect影响，感染，深深打动effecteffective

employ雇用，忙于(un)employmentunemployed

encourage鼓励encouragementencouraging/encouraged

enter进入entrance

entertain娱乐entertainmententertaining

equal等于，比得上equalityequalequally

equip装备，配备equipment不可数equipped

examine检查，调查examination

exhibit表现出,展览exhibition

expect期待expectation

experience经历，遭遇experienceexperienced

expense费用，代价expensive

exist存在existence存在

explain解释explanation

express表达expression

enjoy享受，欣赏enjoymentenjoyable

energy能量，精力energetic

explode爆炸,迸发explosion

extend延伸，扩大extension

explore探索，探究，考察explorerexploration

FG组单词

V.n.adj.adv.

face面对，面临，正视face脸，面部，表面facial

fail失败failure失败

fairness公平fair集市fairfairly

faith信念，信心faithful忠实的，忠诚的faithfully

fall降落，落下，跌倒fall落下，秋天，瀑布falling,fallen

familiarity精通，通晓familiar熟悉的

fame名声famous

fantasy幺J想，想象fantastic极好的

fascinate深深吸引fascination入迷fascinated;fascinating

fashion时尚fashionable

favour偏爱，支持favour支持，喜爱，帮忙favourablefavorite

fear害怕,畏惧,担心fear恐惧,担心fearful;fearless

feel觉得，感受到feeling感觉

fight打架，争吵，争取fight,fighter

finance提供资金finance财政，金融financialfinancially

firm公司firm结实的，牢固的firmly

fix修理，维修，处理fixed固定的，确定的

fluency流利，流畅fluentfluently

fog雾foggy

fool愚弄，开玩笑fool傻瓜foolish愚蠢的foolishly

forget忘［己forgetfulness健忘，忽略forgetfulunforgettable

fortune命运，财富fortunatefortunately

free释放，使免于freedom自由free自由的，免费的freely

freeze结冰，冻住freezing冷的

frequency频繁，频率frequentfrequently

frighten使惊吓fright恐怖，惊骇frightening,frightened

furnish为…配备家具furniture家具furnished

gather聚集，召集gathering聚集，聚会

gift礼物,天赋gifted有天赋的

gold金子gold,golden

goods货物，商品goodwell

govern统治，管理government政府

grace优美，文雅graceful优美的，得体的gracefully

gradual逐渐的gradually

graduate毕业graduation

greed贪婪greedy贪婪的，贪心的greedily

greet问候，欢迎greeting问候

grow生长，逐渐变得growth生长

guarantee保证,担保guarantee保证

guide带领，引导guide向导，guidance弓|导

guilt罪行guilty

H--L组单词

V.n.adj.adv.

identify认出，识别identity身份/identification

ignore忽视ignoranceignorant

illness病ill

imagine想象imaginationimaginative/

immigrate移入，移民immigrant/immigration

impress使留下印象impressionimpressive

improve改善，提高improvement

increase增加increaseincreasingincreasingly

industry产业，工业industrial

infect传染，侵染infection传染病infectious/infected

influence影响influence影响influential

inform通知,告知informationinformed

injure使受伤,损害injuryinjured

innocence天真，单纯，清白innocent

inspect检查，审视inspection视察，审视

inspire激励，鼓舞inspirationinspiring/inspired

instruct指示，指导instruction/instructorinstructive

insure保证，确保insurance保险

intelligence智力，才智intelligent

intend打算，想要intention意图,目的

interrupt打扰interruption

interpret解释，口译interpreter/interpretation

judge判断，认为judg(e)ment

justify为……辩解justice公平,正义just正义的，公平的just正好

keep保持，处于keeper监护人，饲养员

kindness善良kind种类kind体贴的

king国王/kingdom王国

knowledge知识knowledgeable

lack缺乏lack缺乏lacking缺乏的

late/later/lately/

laugh笑，嘲笑laughter笑,笑声

law法律/lawyer律师

lead领导leader领导者/leadership领导leading

learn学习,得知learner/learninglearned

lecture讲座/lecturer讲授者

length长度long

liberate解放,解救liberty自由/liberation解脱

library图书馆/librarian

limit限制,limitation限制limitless/limited

literature文学literary文学的

locate建立，确定…位置location位置located位于

logic逻辑logical

loosen变松，放宽loose松的

lose遗失，丢失loss丧失，去世，失落lost迷路的

luck运气luckyluckily

Vnadjadv

madness疯狂，愚蠢的行为mad生气的madly

magic魔法/magician魔术师magical

majority大多数major重大的，主要的

market市场/marketing促销

marry结婚，嫁，娶marriage婚姻，婚礼married结婚的

mean意味着，打算meaning意思，意义meaningful/meaningless

memory记忆力,记忆memorial纪念的，追悼的

/memorial纪念碑，纪念品

mental精神的，脑力的mentally

mercy仁慈，恩惠merciful/merciless

mess弄乱mess杂乱messy脏的，凌乱的

minority少数，少数民族minor

miss想念，错过missing失踪的，缺失的

misunderstandmisunderstanding

month月monthly

mood情绪moody脾气坏的

moral道德moral道德的，morally

motivate激励，激发motivation动力，积极性motivatedmotivating

mouth/mouthful一满口的

moving移动的，令人感

动的/moved感动的

mud泥muddy泥泞的，浑浊的

murder谋杀murder/murderer

music音乐/musician音乐家musical音乐的

mystery神秘的人，奥秘mysterious神秘的

name命名，取名，说出name名字，名声namely即

narrow使变窄narrow狭窄部分narrow狭窄的narrowly刚好

nation/nationalitynational/nationwide

nature自然naturalnaturally

necessity必要性，必需品necessarynecessarily

negotiate谈判，洽谈negotiation谈判，协商

neighbor/neighborhood

nerve神经nervousnervously

noise噪音，声音,响声noisy

normal正常的，普通的normally

north北，北方northern

notice注意，察觉notice注意，通告，布告noticeable明显的

novel小说/novelist小说家

nutrition营养nutritious有营养的

object反对object物品objection反对objective客观的

obvious明显的obviously

occasion时刻，场合occasional偶尔的occasionally

occupy使忙于，占据occupation工作，职业occupied忙于…的

offend得罪，冒犯offence犯罪，冒犯offensive

office办公室，办事处official正式的，官方的officially

operate操作,运转operation手术，操作

/operator操作员，经营者

oppose反抗opposed反对的，敌对的

optimism乐观，乐观主义/optimistic

optimist乐观主义者

order命令，点餐order命令指示，顺序orderly有条理的

organ器官organic有机的

organize组织organization/。单anizerorganizeddisorganized

origin起源，起因，出身original起初的，原先的originally

outdoor户外的，露天的outdoors

pack打包,包装package包裹，盒

pain疼痛，伤痛painful疼痛的painfully

paint涂，抹，绘画painting/painter

park停车parking停车，停车场

participate参力口participation参与

/participant参与者

part分开，分离part部分，部位，零件partly部分地

peace和平peacefulpeacefully

perfect完美的perfectly

perform演出,执行performance表演，表现

/performer表演者

permit批准，许可permission同意,许可

person个人，人/personal个人的personally

personality个性，性格，魅

persuade说服，劝服persuasion劝服，说服力persuasive有说服力的

philosophy哲学,基本准则

/philosopher哲学家

physicist物理学家/physicsphysical身体的，物质的，physically

物理学/physician医生有形的，物理的

piano/pianist

please使开心pleasure举哀了，乐事pleasant令人愉快的，惬意的

/pleasing令人高兴的，令人满

意的/pleased高兴的，满意的

poet诗人/poem诗/poetrypoetic诗的

诗歌，诗的意境

poison毒药，有害的思想poisonous有毒的

politeness礼貌polite礼貌的impolite不politely

礼貌的

politician政治家，政客/political

politics政治

pollute污染，弄脏pollutionpolluted

poverty贫穷poorpoorly

popularity流行，普及popular

possess拥有，持有possession拥有，个人财产

possibility可能性possiblepossibly

potential潜力，可能性potential潜在的potentially

power权利，力量，电力powerfulpowerfully

practis(c)e练习,实践practice实践，惯例practical真实的，实际practically

的，切实可行的

pray祈祷，祷告prayer祈文，祷告，祈祷着

precise精确地,准确的precisely

predict预言，预测predictionpredictable

prefer宁可，更喜爱preference偏爱，偏好preferred更合意的

prepare准备preparationprepared

present赠送，出示，presence出席到场present

递交，表达，陈述/presentation演示，展现

prevent阻止，防止prevention预防，防止

previous以前的，先前的previously

price价格,代价priceless无价的

print打印，出版printing/printer

privacy隐私，秘密private私有的，私营的

probability可能性，概率probable大概的

produce引起，生product产品/producer生productive

产,制造产者/production生产，加工

profession职业professional职业的，专业的

program程序/programmer

promise承诺，保证promise承诺，诺言，前途promising有前途希望的

promote促进，提倡promotion提拔，促销

prove证明，结果是proof证明，证据，证实

properproperly

propose提议，求婚，proposal提议，建议，求婚

提出，提名

prosper繁荣，蓬勃prosperity繁荣,成功prosperous繁荣的，富足

发展的

protect保护，防护protection保护，防护protective保护的

pride自豪感，自尊心proud自豪的，得意的proudly

province范围，领域，省provincial省的，地方的

psychology心理学psychological心理学的

/psychologist心理学家

publication公布，发表，出版public公众的，大众的，publicly

public公众，大众公共的

publish出版,发行publisher出版者,出版商

punish处罚，惩罚punishment

pure纯洁的，没有杂质的purely

purpose目的，意图purposefulpurposely

puzzle使困惑，使迷puzzle拼图游戏，难题puzzling/puzzled

qualify取得资格，qualification资格qualified

达到标准

quicken加快quickquickly

quiet安静的quietly

quote引用，引述quotation弓|文

race快速移动race赛跑，竞争racial种族的，人种的

rain下雨rain雨/rainfall降雨rainy下雨的

rapid快速的rapidly

rare少有的，少见的rarely

react反应，过敏reaction反应，回应

realize了解，意识到reality真实，现实realistic务实的，实事求

是的real真实的，真的

reason推理，推论出reason原因，理由reasonable有道理的reasonably

recent最近的，最新的recently

receive得到，收到reception接待处，接待/

recentionist接待员

recognize认识,辨别出recognition承认，接受

recommend推荐recommendation

record记录，记载recorder录音机，记录员

recover恢复，好转recovery康复，痊愈，恢复

reduce减少reduction

refer提到，谈及，参考reference提及，查阅

reflect反射，反省reflection反射，深思

refresh使恢复精神refreshment点心，恢复活力refreshing/refreshed

regulate控制，管理，调节regulation规章制度,管理regular规则的，惯常的regularly

reject拒绝，不接受rejection拒绝

relate联系，涉及，关于relation联系，关系/related相关的,有联系

relationship关系，恋人关系，的，有亲戚关系的

血缘关系/relative亲戚，亲属/relevant有关的，切题的

relax放松relaxation休息，消遣relaxed/relaxing

rely依靠,相信reliability可靠性，可信度reliable可靠的，可信赖的

relieve缓解，减轻relief宽慰，缓解，减轻relieved

religion宗教，教派religious

remain保持，留下remains剩余物，遗迹remaining剩下的

remove移开，除去removal移走，去掉

repeat重复repetition重复repeated

represent代表representative代表representative典型的

require需要,要求requirement

reserve预定，保留，储藏reservation保留，保护

resign辞职,放弃resignation辞职，顺从

resist阻挡，抵抗resistance反对，抵制resistant

respond回答，回应response

responsibility责任responsible

restrict限制，控制restriction限制规定

retire退休，退出retirement退休retired

revise改变,修正revision修订，修订本

revolution革命revolutionary

reward酬谢，奖赏reward奖励，回报rewarding

richness手曷，曷裕richrichly

ripen成熟ripe成熟的

risk冒…险risk危险，风险risky

rough粗糙的roughly

rudeness无礼ruderudely

rule统治，管辖，支配ruler统治者

S组单词.

V.n.adj.adv.

sadness悲伤，悲痛sad伤心的sadly

safety安全，安全性safeunsafe

satisfy使满意，满足satisfactionsatisfyingsatisfactory

sail航行,启航sailor水手,海员

scare使惊恐，吓唬scaredscary

sciencescientistscientific科学的

security安全，保护措施secure稳固的，安全的

self自己selfish自私的selfless无私的

sense感觉到sense感觉sensible理性的

silence寂静，无声，沉默silentsilently

specialize专攻specialist专家,专科医specialspecially

spirit精神，心灵spiritual精神的，心灵的

stability稳定性，坚定stable稳定的，牢固的

surround围绕，环绕surroundings周围环境

safety安全性safe

sharpen使锋利sharpener卷笔刀sharp锋利的，尖的sharply急剧地

shame羞耻，羞愧shameful可耻的

settle解决，定居settlersettlement

separate分离separation分开separated独居的separate单

独的，分开的

serve服务，提供service/servant

significance重要性significant显著的,重要的

sign签名，示意signature签名，签字

similarity相似性similar

simplify使简易simplesimply

sleep睡觉sleep睡眠sleepy困倦的

society社会socialismsocial

社会主义socialist

sorrow悲伤，悲痛sorrowful悲伤的，悲痛的

starve挨饿，饿死starvation饥饿

strengthen加强strength力量,体力strong

succeed成功success成功successfulsuccessfully

suggest提议，建议suggestion建议，意见

suit与..相配,适合suit套装,西装suitable合适的

survive幸存survival/survivor

suffer受苦，经受，遭受