全球光伏市场趋势2023- Global Trends in Solar Power

GlobalTrendsinSolarPower

July2023

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Contents

ExecutiveSummary

3

Introduction ….

4

1

2

GlobalSolarOverview

7

TrendsinSolarPV

15

4.1NDCsandRenewableEnergyTrends

16

4.2PolicyandRegulatoryTrends

19

4.3SolarTechnologyTrends

25

4.4SolarSupplyChainTrends

30

4.5SolarMarketTrends

35

4.6SolarInvestmentTrends

42

4.7SolarEmploymentTrends

45

Solar&Equity

48

WayForward

53

References

54

3GlobaltrendsinSolarPower

1ExecutiveSummary

Inresponsetoanunprecedentedhealthcrisis,countrieshadhopedtoseizethepostCovid-19opportunityforagreenandsustainablerecovery.Renewableenergysectorexperiencedrecordgrowthinpowercapacityin2022duetothenewlyinstalledPVsystems,overallriseinelectricitydemand,governmentincentivesandgrowingawarenessofneedtotransitiontocleanenergysources.

ThesolarPVmarketmaintaineditsrecord-breakingstreak,withnewcapacityinstallationstotallingtoapproximately191GWin2022(IRENA,2023).ThiswasthelargestannualcapacityincreaseeverrecordedandbroughtthecumulativeglobalsolarPVcapacityto1,133GW.ThesolarPVmarketcontinueditssteadygrowthdespitedisruptionsacrossthesolarvaluechain,mainlyduetosharpincreasesinthecostsofrawmaterialsandshipping.In2022,114ISAcountries(membersandsignatories)representedapproximately489GW(43%)oftheglobalsolarPVcapacity.Europe&othersregionaccountfor56%ofthetotalinstalledsolarcapacityamongtheISAmembersfollowedbytheAsia-Pacific(36%),LatinAmerica&CaribbeanandAfricaregionscontributingtoapproximately7%and1%respectively.

Inadditiontotheincreaseinsolarcapacityinstallations,135countrieshadincludedrenewableenergycomponentsintheirNDCsglobally.Thelatest/revisedrenewableenergytargetinISAMembercountriesarediscussedinfurthersectionsofthisreport.Thenumberofcountrieswithrenewableenergypoliciesincreasedin2022,continuingthemulti-yeartrendseenin2021and2020.Mostcountriessupportrenewableswithpolicyinstrumentsthatoftenvarydependingonthetechnology,scaleorotherfeaturesofinstallation(e.g.,centralisedordecentralised).

Innovationandcosttrendsarebeingincreasinglyseenacrossabroadrangeoftechnologies.Theemergenceofnewcellarchitectureshasenabledhigherefficiencylevels.Inparticular,themostimportantmarketshiftincellarchitecturehasresultedfrombifacialcellsandmodules.Othertechnologyimprovementsofsolarsuchassolartrees,solarcarportsandfloatingsolararealsodiscussedinthisreport.SolarPVcosttrendsemphasiseonthemajordriversforreductioninthecostofsolarPVin2023andthedeclineincostsofsolarPVmoduleandothercomponents.Majorfactorscontributingtodecliningmodulecostsincludedpolysiliconavailabilityanddeclineintheshippingcostsandrawmaterials.

ThesectiononSolarMarketTrendsdescribesthe‘DistributedRenewablesforEnergyAccess’(DREA)systems,whichareakeysolutionforfulfillingthemodernenergyneedsandalsoimprovingthelivelihoodsofhundredsofmillionsofpeoplepresentlylackingaccesstoelectricity/cleancookingsolutions.Itspecificallyholdsthekeyincaseswheredevelopmentofelectricgridtodeliverelectricityuptothelastmileiscommerciallynotviable.Further,thereportcapturesthemarkettrendscoveringsolarinfrastructureandelectricityaccessratesinISAMembercountries.

GlobalinvestmentinrenewablesreachedUSD0.5Tnin2022duetotheglobalriseinsolarPVinstallations.SolarPVdominatedinvestmentin2022,accountingfor64%oftherenewableenergyinvestment.TheoverallsnapshotoftheinvestmenttrendsacrossAsia-Pacific,Africa,Europe&othersandLatinAmerica&CaribbeanregionsarecapturedinthesolarPVinvestmenttrendssectionofthisreport.

Thisreportisintendedtoeducatethereadertounderstandtheongoingtrendsinthesolarspaceacrosstheworldintermsoftechnology,policy,employmentetc.andcouldbringoutpositivechangeinthelivesofpeopleandtheplanet.

4GlobaltrendsinSolarPower

2Introduction

Toavertthedeleteriouseffectsofclimatechange,theworldisundergoingamajortransitionintheenergysectortoachievenet-zerotargets.Renewableenergyoccupiesacentralroleinenergytransition,anditisevidentfromtheincreasingtrendofcapacityadditions,employments,andincreasingsolarenergyinvestments.Themajordriversfortheincreasedpenetrationofsolardeploymentaredescribedbelow,

▪StrongpolicysupportforsolarPVisdrivingtheaccelerationincapacitygrowth-PolicysupportremainsaprincipaldriverofsolarPVdeploymentacrosstheglobe.

▪SolarPVisthemajorrenewabletechnologyofchoiceintheprivatesector-CompaniesinvestinginsolarPVinstallationsontheirownpremisesareresponsiblefor30%oftotalinstalledPVcapacityasof2021.

▪CompaniesenteringintocorporatePPAs–signingdirectcontractswithsolarPVoperatorsforthepurchaseofgeneratedelectricity.SolarPVplantsdominaterenewablesPPAs,withashareofalmost75%in2020.

▪Netzeroambitionsofcorporate-Manycorporateshadsettheirambitiontobeanetzerocompany.Gettingtonetzerorequirestremendous,rapidchangeandlarge-scaletechnologydeploymentacrossindustries.

InternationalSolarAlliance(ISA)aimstoprovideadedicatedplatformforcooperationamongsolar-resource-richcountries,throughwhichtheglobalcommunity(governments,bilateral/multilateralorganizations,corporates,industryandthestakeholders)cancontributetohelpachievethecommongoalofincreasingtheuseandqualityofsolarenergy.Further,ISAseekstomeettheenergyneedsofitsprospectivemembercountriesinasafe,convenient,affordable,equitableandsustainablemanner.

ISAhasconceptualizedtheEaseofDoingSolar(“EoDS”)reportforitsmembercountriestocaptureanddevelopaholisticviewofacountry’ssolarecosystem.TheGlobaltrendsinSolarPowerreport,asapartoftheEoDSinitiative,isenvisagedtopresentkeytrendsintheglobalsolarmarketwithafocusonISAmembercountries.Theobjectiveofthereportistocapturethebestpracticesandtrendsintheareaofpolicy,technology,marketeco-system,supplychainandinvestment/employmentintheindustrygloballywithafocusonISAmembercountries.

AboutInternationalSolarAlliance(ISA)

InternationalSolarAlliancewaslaunchedonNovember30,2015byIndiaandFranceandISA’sframeworkagreementcameintoforceonDecember7,2017.

HeadquarteredinIndia,theallianceof114countriesworkstoaddressenergyneedsandchallengesinMemberCountriesandscaleupsolarthroughmultipleflagshipinterventions.

AspartofitsEaseofDoingSolar(EoDS)initiativewhichprovidesdataonrenewableenergywithafocusonsolarforindividualMemberCountries,ISAalsopublishestheGlobaltrendsinSolarPowerreportwhichprovidesanoverviewoftrendsintheSolarSector.

5GlobaltrendsinSolarPower

Abbreviation

Definition

MW

Megawatt

MWh

Megawatt-hour

MWp

Megawattpeak

NDC

NationallyDetermined

Contribution

OGS

Off-GridSolutions

O&M

OperationandMaintenance

PLI

Production-linkedincentive

PPA

Powerpurchasingagreement

PV

Photovoltaic

P2P

Peer-to-peer

RE

RenewableEnergy

REC

RenewableEnergyCertificate

RPS

RenewablePortfolioStandards

SDG

SustainableDevelopmentGoals

SHS

SolarHomeSystems

STEM

Science,Technology,EngineeringandMathematics

Tn

Trillion

TWh

Terawatt-hour

UN

UnitedNations

USD

UnitedStatesDollar

Glossary

Abbreviation

Definition

APV

Agrophotovoltaic

BoS

BalanceofSystem

Bn

Billion

CAGR

CompoundAnnualGrowthRate

CMERI

CentralMechanicalEngineeringResearchInstitute

CSIR

CouncilofScientificandIndustrialResearch

CSP

ConcentratedSolarPower

DREA

DistributedRenewablesforaccess

energy

EPC

Engineering,procurementandconstruction

EU

EuropeanUnion

EV

ElectricVehicle

FIP

Feed-inpremium

FIT

FeedInTariff

GW

Gigawatt

GWh

Gigawatt-hour

Km

Kilometre

kWh

Kilowatt-hour

LCOE

Levelizedcostofelectricity

LNOB

Leavenoonebehind

Mn

Million

MU

MillionUnits

MVA

MillionVoltAmpere

135countrieshave

notifiednetzerotarget,

covering88%ofglobal

emissions

135countrieshavenotifiedrenewablepowertargets,and17countrieshavesolarspecifictargets

1,053GWof

globalinstalledsolar

energycapacityin

2022

3,372GWofglobal

installedrenewable

powercapacityin

2022

4.3Millionjobsinsolar

PV,catersonethirdofthe

totalrenewableenergy

workforcein2021

12.7Million

Worldwideemploymentin

renewableenergyin

2021

GlobalTrendsinRenewables&Solar

Atthe2021UNclimate

summit,countriesagreedto

aphase-downofunabated

coalpower

USD0.5Trillionin

renewablesandUSD

308Billioninvestedin

solarin2022

Fossilfuelsubsidies

reachedUSD532

Billionin2021

Source:REN21,IEA,IRENA;2022

6GlobaltrendsinSolarPower

3

GlobalSolar

Overview

3GlobalSolarMarket

Arenewable-basedeconomyisagamechangerforamoresecure,low-costandsustainableenergyfuture.

Developmentofrenewableenergyisatthecoreofenergytransition.Globallyrenewablesareexpectedtobecomethenewbaseloadaccountingfor50%ofthepowermixby2030and85%by2050(IRENA,2022).Globalrenewableinstalledcapacitygrowthacceleratedin2022addingupto295GW1.ThegrowthinrenewableenergypenetrationwaslargelybasedonnewlyinstalledPVsystems,overallriseinelectricitydemand,governmentincentivesandgrowingawarenessofneedtotransitiontocleanenergysources.

Solarsectorisgainingtractioninrecentyearsandisbecomingadominantforceinrenewableenergydomain.ThesolarPVmarketmaintaineditsrecord-breakingstreakwithnewcapacityinstallationstotallingapproximately191GWin20221.Thegraphbelow,depictsthecumulativeglobalsolarPVcapacityinthelastdecade.CountrieslikeChina,theUnitedStates,Japan,IndiaandGermanyhavemadesomeofthesignificantcontributionstoglobalsolarPVcapacity.

1200

GlobalSolarPVCapacityandAnnualAdditionsinGW(2011-2022)

1,133

1000

800

600

400

200

0

+191

767

+139

516

412

182

+40

+30

70

+31

309

+77

+50

+38

+175

+112

+104

+103

942

628

232

104

142

2011201220132014Previousyear‘scapacity

201520162017Annualadditions

20182019202020212022

CumulativeglobalsolarPV

capacity

1000

900

800

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

0

GlobalSolarPVCapacityinGW,byCountry(2011-2022)9421,133

767

628

516

412

309

232

182

104142

70

2021

2022

2011201220132014201520162017201820192020

World

ChinaUnitedStatesJapanIndiaGermanyRestofWorld

Source:REN21,IRENA;2022

8GlobaltrendsinSolarPower

1REN21,2022

1,704MW

435MW

318MW

263MW

229MW

1,804MW

Egypt

Algeria

Morocco

Senegal

Mali

Others

RegionalInsights

Africa

Top5ISAMemberCountriesbySolarPVInstallation,2022(Total:2,949MW)

40%

35%

30%

25%

20%

15%

10%

5%

0%

38.0%

35.8%

9.2%

5.5%

6.7%

4.8%

Source:IRENA,2022

ThemarketleadersintheAfricanregionintermsoftotalsolarinstalledcapacityareEgypt,Algeria,Morocco,Senegal,andMaliwith2,949MWcapacitycontributing62%ofthetotalinstalledsolarcapacityinAfrica.Owingtohigherlevelsofsolarirradiationsintheregion,countriesinAfricaarebestowedwithlargesolarpotentialandtechnologicalfeasibility.Significantlylowlevelsofaccesstoelectricityinsomecountriespresentasignificantopportunityforoff-gridsolartechnologies.

Egypt

Algeria

Morocco

Senegal

Mali

ThetotalinstalledcapacityofsolarPVinEgypthasreached1,704MWin2022from160MWin2017,grownataCAGRof60%.Thecountryistargetingrenewableenergycapacitytoreachelectricpowercontributiontargetof42%by2035asperEgypt’sIntegratedSustainableEnergyStrategy2035.

Algeriaconstitutesa9.2%shareinthetotalinstalledcapacityofsolarPVintheAfricanregion.Thetotalinstalledcapacityhasreached435MWin2022from400MWin2017,grownataCAGRof2%.By2030,itaspirestothedeploymentofsolarphotovoltaicandwindpoweraswellasthermalsolarenergyonalargescale.Italsoaimstoreachthetargetthat27%oftheelectricityproducednationallyisderivedfromrenewablesourcesofenergyby2030.

Moroccoaccountsfor6.7%shareinthetotalinstalledsolarPVcapacityinAfrica.Thetotalinstalledcapacityhasreached318MWin2022from24MWin2017,grownataCAGRof68%.Moroccoistargetingtoachievea52%REshare(20%fromsolarenergy,20%fromwindenergyand12%fromhydraulicenergy)ingenerationmixby2030.

Senegalaccountsfor5.5%shareinthetotalinstalledcapacityofsolarPVintheAfricanregion.OwingtothegovernmenttargettoincreasetheshareofREinthegenerationmixandfavourablepoliciesfortheREsector,thetotalinstalledcapacityhasreached263MWin2022from107MWin2017,grownataCAGRof20%.

Maliconstitutesa4.8%shareinthetotalinstalledcapacityofsolarPVintheAfricanregion.Thetotalinstalledcapacityhasreached229MWin2022from19MWin2017,grownataCAGRof64%.Namibia’seffortsinrenewablescontributedtoa30%reductioninelectricityimportedin2018whichresultedin330MWofsolarPVgenerationperannumuntil2030.

9GlobaltrendsinSolarPower

15.3%

1.7%

1.5%

0.4%

78,833MW

62,804MW

26,789MW

2,940MW

714MW

2,664MW

Japan

India

Australia

UnitedArabEmirates

Srilanka

Others

AsiaPacific

Top5ISAMemberCountriesbySolarInstallation,2022(Total:172GW)

50%45%40%35%30%25%20%15%10% 5%0%

45.1%

35.9%

Source:IRENA,2022

Japan,IndiaandAustraliahavethemajorinstallationsaccountingfor96.4%oftotalcapacityintheregion.TheAsiaandPacificregioncompriseadiverseanddynamicregionoftheglobe,with4.4Bnpeoplelivingin58markets,rangingfromthesmallislandeconomiesthatareamongthemostvulnerabletotheimpactoftheclimatechangetotheworld’slargestenergyconsumer.Alongwiththevastrenewableenergypotential,theregionalreadypossessessignificantknowledgeandexpertiseonrenewables.

JapanisthemarketleaderinAsiaandPacificregionwith78,833MWofsolarPVcapacityinstalledin2022from49,500MWin2017,grownataCAGRof10%.TheJapanesegovernmentdevelopedasetofmeasurestoexpandsolarPV,whichincluderequiring60%ofnewresidentialbuildingstoincluderooftopPVandderegulatinglandzoningtoallowPVinstallationsonagriculturalland.

IndiahasshowntremendousgrowthovertherecentyearswiththetotalsolarPVinstalledcapacityreaching62,804MWin2022from17,923MWin2017,grownataCAGRof29%.Marketexpansionwasdrivenmainlybythefocusonlocalmanufacturing.Thecountryistargetingtoachieve50%cumulativeelectricpowerinstalledcapacityfromnon-fossilfuelbasedenergyresourcesby2030.

ForAustralia,thetotalinstalledcapacityofsolarPVinthecountryhasreached26,789MWin2022from7,352MWin2017,grownataCAGRof30%.In2021,Australiasetanewglobalrecordof1kWofinstalledsolarPVpercapita,whichwas31%higherthanintherunner-upcountrytheNetherlands(0.765kWpercapita).

ThetotalinstalledcapacityofsolarPVinthecountryhasreached2,940MWin2022from255MWin2017,grownataCAGRof63%.UAE’sNationalEnergyStrategy2050envisagesa50%shareofcleanenergy(renewablesandnuclear)intheinstalledpowercapacitymixby2050.

SriLanka’sinstalledcapacityofsolarPVreached714MWin2022from131MWin2017,grownataCAGRof40%.Thecountrycommittedtoachieve70%renewableenergyinelectricitygenerationby2030aspartofitslatestNDC.

Japan

India

Australia

UAE

SriLanka

10GlobaltrendsinSolarPower

11.9%

9.1%

8.2%

6.3%

1,11,535MW

UnitedStatesofAmerica

66,552MW

Germany

25,077MW

Italy

22,590MW

Netherlands

17,410MW

France

32,863MW

Others

Source:IRENA,2022

Europeandothers*

Top5ISAMemberCountriesbySolarInstallation,2022(Total:243GW)

45%

40%

35%

30%

25%

20%

15%

10%

5%

0%

40.4%

24.1%

ThemarketleadersintheregionareUnitedStatesofAmerica,Germany,Italy,NetherlandsandFrancewith243GWcapacitycontributing88.1%ofthetotalinstalledsolarcapacityintheregion.TheEUhasbeenafront-runnerinthespreadofsolarenergy.TheEuropeanGreenDealandtheREPowerEUplanhaveturnedsolarenergyintoabuildingblockoftheEU’stransitiontowardscleanenergy.TheaccelerateddeploymentofsolarenergycontributestoreducingtheEU’sdependenceonimportedfossilfuels.

USA

Germany

Italy

Netherlands

France

UnitedStatesofAmericaisthetopmarketleaderinEurope&othersregionandthetotalsolarPVinstalledcapacityhasreached1,11,535MWin2022from41,357MWin2017,grownataCAGRof22%.Withincreasedconsumerdemand,theresidentialsectorbrokerecordswithrooftopinstallationsof4.2GW–up30%from2020andthehighestannualgrowthratesince2015–toreachatotalcapacityof23.1GW.

GermanyisthesecondmarketleaderintheEuroperegionandthetotalsolarPVinstalledcapacityhasreached66,552MWin2022from42,291MWin2017,grownataCAGRof9%.Thecountryhascommittedtoincreaserenewableenergyinfinalenergyconsumptiontoreachatleast32%by2030.

ThetotalinstalledcapacityinItalyhasreached25,077MWin2022from19,682MWin2017,grownataCAGRof5%.Italyhascommittedtoincreaserenewableenergyinfinalenergyconsumptiontoreachatleast32%by2030.

NetherlandsinstalledcapacityofsolarPVhasreached22,590MWin2022from2,903MWin2017,grownataCAGRof51%.Theincreaseintheshareofsolarwasduetothreefactors:ahighernumberofPVinstallationsthatwentonlineduringtheyear,fallingelectricitydemand,andanexceptionalnumberofsunnyhours.

ThetotalinstalledcapacityofsolarPVinFrancehasreached17,410MWin2022from8,610MWin2017,grownataCAGRof15%.Francetargetstoreducetheshareofnuclearfrom70%to50%initselectricitymixby2035andcloseitscoalplantsby2022.Thegovernmentisseekingtoaccelerateprogressinsolarbystreamliningpermits,promotingflagshipinitiatives,andaligningregionalandnationalambitions.

11GlobaltrendsinSolarPower

*USAhasbeenincludedintheEuropeandOthersregionasperISA'sregionalclassificationofmembercountries.

24,079MW

6,142MW

1,104MW

742MW

664MW

1,077MW

Brazil

Chile

Argentina

DominicanRepublic

ElSalvador

Others

LatinAmericaandCaribbean

Top5ISAMemberCountriesbySolarInstallation,2022(Total:33GW)

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

71.2%

18.2%

3.2%

3.3%

2.0%

2.2%

Source:IRENA,2022

MajormarketsintheLACregionareBrazil,Chile,Argentina,DominicanRepublicandElSalvadorhavingtotalinstalledcapacityof32,731MWin2022,accountingfor96.8%oftotalcapacityintheregion.LatinAmericacomprisessomeofthemostdynamicrenewableenergymarketsintheworld,withmorethanaquarteroftheprimaryenergy(twicetheglobalaverage)comingfromrenewableenergysources.Thematuringtechnologiesandrenewableenergypolicyreformsofferanunprecedentedopportunitytofurthertapthevastrenewableenergypotentialintheregion.

Brazil

Chile

Argentina

Dominican

Republic

ElSalvador

ThetotalinstalledcapacityofsolarPVinBrazilhasreached24,079MWin2022from1,104MWin2017,grownataCAGRof85%.ThedistributedsolarinstallationledBrazil’smarketfornewlyaddedcapacity,with4GW,drivenbysoaringelectricitypricesduetoahydropowercrisisandbyanationalnetmeteringregulation.

ForChile,thetotalinstalledcapacityofsolarPVinthecountryhasreached6,142MWin2022from1,809MWin2017,grownataCAGRof28%.Chileishometooneofthehighestirradiationregionsintheworld,thedesertofAtacama,with“around60to70%ofsolarPV”capacityinstalledintheregionsofAtacama.

ThetotalinstalledcapacityofsolarPVinArgentinahasreached1,104MWin2022from8.8MWin2017,grownataCAGRof163%.Amongtheseveralinitiativestoincreasethepowergeneration,theArgentiniangovernmenthaslaunchedtheRenovArProgrammetodeveloptheArgentina’srenewableenergysector.

DominicanRepublic’sinstalledcapacityofsolarPVreached742MWin2022from106MWin2017,grownataCAGRof48%.Thecountryplansforthedisplacementoftheprivatevehiclesfleetby75%EVsand25%hybridsby2030withrechargingfromrenewablesourcesatanestimatedcostofUSD5Mn.

ThetotalinstalledcapacityofsolarPVinElSalvadorhasreached664MWin2022from120.5MWin2017,grownataCAGRof41%.ElSalvadorisintheprocessofimplementinganewlong-termnationalenergypolicy2020–2050,whichaimstoreduceelectricitytariffsinthecountrybyprioritisingrenewablesoverfuelimportsandfacilitatingtheremovalofelectricitysubsidies.

12GlobaltrendsinSolarPower

13GlobaltrendsinSolarPower

PerCapitaElectricityDemand

In2022,Globalelectricitydemandreachedarecordhighof28,510TWh.Majoreconomieswereresponsibleforthemagnitudeofthisdemand:Chinafor8,840TWh(31%),Indiafor1,836TWh(6%),UnitedStatesfor4,335TWh(15%),theEuropeanUnionfor2,794TWh(10%),Japanfor968TWh(3%)andRussiafor1,102TWh(4%).

Atagloballevel,theaveragepercapitaelectricitydemandreached3.6MWhin2022,withmajorcountriesabovetheglobalpercapitaaverage(UnitedStates13MWh,SouthKorea12MWh,China6.2MWh)andothercountriessuchasIndia1.3MWhandBangladesh0.6MWhfarbelow.

Windandsolarmetthemajorityofdemandgrowth:In2022,growthinwindandsolarmet80%oftheincreaseinelectricitydemand,whilerenewablestogethermet92%ofthegrowth.InChina,windandsolarmet69%oftheelectricitydemandin2022.InIndia,windandsolarmet23%ofthedemandgrowth.IntheUnitedStates,windandsolarmet68%ofthedemandgrowth.

Thefigurebelowshowstheelectricitydemandpercapitaacrossthe4geographicalregions(‘Africa’,‘Asia&Pacific’,‘Europeandothers’,‘LatinAmerica&Caribbean’),

Africa

0.65

0.64

0.63

0.62

0.61

0.6

0.59

0.58

0.57

0.56

PerCapitaElectricityDemandinMWh(2011-2022)

0.64

0.630.630.630.630.630.63

0.620.620.62

0.6

0.59

201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022

Source:EMBER,2022

Europeandothers

6.25

6.2

6.15

6.1

6.05

6

5.95

5.9

5.85

5.8

5.75

PerCapitaElectricityDemandinMWh(2011-2022)

6.2

6.2

6.17

6.15

6.136.14

6.11

6.09

6.05

6.05

6.02

5.92

201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022

Source:EMBER,2022

▪TheAfricanregion’selectricitydemandpercapitaof0.6MWhissignificantlylowerthantheworldaverageof3.6MWhin2022.

▪Africa’sproportionofelectricitydemandgrowthmetbycleanenergysourcesroughlydoubled,from23%during2008-2015to61%during2015-2022.

▪TheEuroperegion’selectricitydemandpercapitaof6.05MWhissignificantlyhigherthantheworldaverageof3.6MWhin2022.

▪Since2015,electricitydemandintheregionhasbeenbroadlyunchangedandthegrowthincleanpowerreducedfossilgeneration.

▪EU’selectricitydemanddeclinedfrom6.2MWhto6.05MWhin

2022duetothemildweather,alongsidedemandreductionmeasuresdriveninpartbyhighelectricitypricesacrosstheregion.

25.94

3.43

9.71

0.55

0.93

3.26

0.04

4.27

2.32

6.18

1.9

1.31

7.5

6.66

5.35

4.91

1.3

5.43

7.76

10.57

6.69

0.15

8.21

1.79

13.22

1.61

4.75

12.87

AsiaPacific

3.50

3.00

2.50

2.00

1.50

1.00

0.50

PerCapitaElectricityDemandinMWh(2011-2022)

3.31

3.18

2.872.942.96

2.71

2.382.492.492.58

2.192.27

▪TheAsiaPacificregion’selectricitydemandpercapitaof3.3MWhisrelativelylowerthantheworldaverageof3.6MWhin2022.

▪OverhalfoftheelectricitydemandincreaseinAsia(52%)wasmetwithcleanelectricityoverthelastfewyearsfrom2015to2022.

0.00

201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022

Source:EMBER,2022

LatinAmericaandCaribbean

PerCapitaElectricityDemandinMWh(2011-2022)

2.69

2.6

2.53

2.5

2.49

2.49

2.48

2.48

2.48

2.45

2.43

2.38

2.80

2.70

2.60

2.50

2.40

2.30

2.20

201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022

▪TheLatinAmericaandCaribbeanregion’selectricitydemandpercapitaof2.7MWhisrelativelylowerthantheworldaverageof3.6MWhin2022.

▪Thisregioneffectivelyincreasedthecleanpoweroverthelastfewyearstomeettherisingelectricitydemandandtoreducefossilgeneration.

Source:EMBER,2022

Basedonthedataavailabilityfromthesecondarydatasources,theelectricityconsumptionp