语法填空高效解题秘招同课异构

语法填空

纯空格纯空格题考查的是冠词、代词、连接词（包括并列句、从句）以及介词。在解题时，除了要借助语法知识来进行判断，还要抓住上下文意来解题。1.当句子缺主语或宾语或同位语时，填代词。人称代词:主格，宾格反身代词:

myself,yourself,…名词性物主代词:

mine,yours,…不定代词:something,anything,…

both,either,neither,all,any,noneit,that,one,those指示代词：this,that,these,thoseit的用法熟记一些搭配，如thosewho…,byoneself等。2.名词前面需要限定词（冠词，形容词性物主代词，可以作定语的不定代词）冠词：a,an,the形容词性物主代词：my,your,…作定语的不定代词：any(任何的),both,neither,all,none,another,other等比较：another,other,theother,others,theothers1.another+单数名词，泛指，“另一个”；another+数词/few+复数名词

anotherbook;anotherfewchairs2.theother+单数名词，特指，“两者中的另一个”theothersideoftheroad3.other+复数名词，泛指，“其它的，别的”Thereareotherwaysofdoingit.4.theother+复数名词，特指，表示在一个范围内的其它全部Wherehavetheotherstudentsgone?5.others只表示复数意义，其后不能再接名词，泛指，用法大致相当于“other+复数名词”Othersmaythinkthatway.6.theothers，特指，“其余的”，用法大致相当于“theother+复数名词”Heisclevererthantheothersinhisclass.固定搭配：(1)one…another…一个…另一个(2)some…other+复数名词一些…另一些(3)some…theother+复数名词

=some…theothers一些…其它的…3.如果句子不缺主语或表语，动词后不缺宾语，则在名词或代词前一定填介词。主要看固定搭配和上下文语境注意：like,as,with/without4.连接词若两个或两个以上的单词，短语，并列句之间没有连词，则填连词主从复合句（定语从句，名词性从句，状语从句）状语从句的几个固定句式(1)nosooner…than…;hardly…when…一…就…(2)bedoing…when…;beabouttodo…when…

正在做/正要做…突然…(3)Ithasbeen…since

自从…以来有多长时间IthasbeenfivemonthssinceourbossleftBeijing.(4)Itwon’tbelongbefore…不久就能…Itwillbelongbefore…要过很久才…Itwon’tbelongbeforetheycomeback.(5)Itwasnotuntil…that…(not…until的强调句)ItwasnotuntilthemeetingwasoverthathebegantoteachmeEnglish.--NotuntilthemeetingwasoverdidhebegintoteachmeEnglish.(notuntil放句首的倒装句)(6)Although/Though+让步状语从句=adj./adv./n.+

as

+主+谓Childasheis,heknowsquitealotofthehistoryofChina.补充：地点状语从句

地点状语从句常用where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere等连词引导。Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Makemarkswhereyouhaveanyquestions.Hewouldkeepintouchwithuswhereverhewas.比较：where引导的定语从句，名词性从句Weshallgototheplacewhereworkingconditionsaredifficult.(定语从句)Idon’tknowwherehecomesfrom.(名词性从句)5.强调结构(1)若句子结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是表强调的do，does，did(2)填it或that，以构成itis/was…that/who…这个强调句型。（较有可能考）谓语动词happen是原形，而前后语境的谓语动词都是过去式，时态不一致句意“我解释说，虽然我没有带现金，但我的确恰好有一张新毯子”，故填助动词did，对谓语动词进行强调。1.(2010茂名一模)IexplainedthatwhileIdidn’tcarryanycash,I_____happentohaveanewblanket,andaskedhimifhecoulduseit.Hewasthrilled.did2.(2007肇庆二模)OncewhenIreturnedfromaSaturdaybaseballgame，___wasStevewhotookthetimetoaskmewhathappened.由句子结构可知，填it构成强调句型。it有提示词有提示词题的解题技巧自2010年以来的高考题只考查了谓语动词的时态和被动语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较级、词形变化等四种情况。

归纳总结：1.当句子缺少谓语动词时，填谓语动词。2.当句子不缺谓语时，则做非谓语使用。被动语态；哪种时态；主谓一致和虚拟语气等。1.WhenIgotthere,I_______(tell)thathe________(go)toShanghai.2.I__________(drive)alongtheroadwhenanaccidenthappenedahead.3.Ifwe__________(book)atableearlier,wewouldn’tbestandinghereinaqueue.4.Theuniversityestimatesthatlivingexpenses______(be)around$8450ayear,which_____(be)aburdenforsomeofthem.wasdrivingwastoldhadgonehadbookedareis归纳总结：当主句完整，又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列，该动词就是非谓语动词。主动/进行中V-ing

被动/完成了V-done

将来/目的todo1.Finally,hedecidedtheanimalwasold,andthewellneeded_________________(cover)upanyway;itjustwasn’tworthittosavethedonkey.2.China’sfirstaircraftcarrier,_________(measure)aslongas304metres,washandedovertothePeople’sLiberationArmyNavyin2012.3.Hediedattheageof37asaresultofaweakheart,broughtonbyyearsofpoorworkingconditionsonthefarm________(date)backtohischildhood.covering/tobecoveredmeasuringdating4.Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport,only_________(tell)thefilmstarhadleft.5.___________(drive)allday,weweresotired.6._________(compare)withpeoplewhohavetogetupearly,Iamsolucky.7.InMountBerry,Georgia,peoplefindagroupofstudents_______(build)speciallyformountainchildren.8.Thestudentswho__________(surprise)atthewaythequestionwasput,didn’tknowhowtoanswerit.tobetoldHavingdrivenComparedbuiltweresurprised动词进行词类转化OnDecember10,theanniversaryofthe______(die)ofNobel…Thisgavehima_________(value)clueaboutthecauseofthedisease.deathvaluable______________,(expect).Ishouldfailintheexam.Unexpectedly归纳总结：adj.adv

比较级或最高级。注意：要善于分析语境，理解句意，辨别省略than…的隐性比较级。特别注意：形容词和副词的最高级

小心结构：oneofthe+最高级+复数名词(2013佛山一模)The_______(busy)timeisaroundSpringFestival,becausemanypeoplegobacktotheirhometownsforfamilyreunionsorgotraveling.2.Asourcarclimbed__________(high),itbecamecolderandtherainbegantofall.busiesthigher归纳总结：当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时，就需要词形变化。(1)作主语或宾语用________形式。(2)作定语、表语或补足语用________形式。(3)修饰动词、形容词或另一