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直接引语变间接引语课件第1页,课件共13页,创作于2023年2月妈妈说:”杰克是个好工人“.Mothersaid:”Jackisagoodworker.”妈妈说杰克是个好工人。MothersaidthatJackisagoodworker直接引语:间接引语Directspeech:Indirectspeech:第2页,课件共13页,创作于2023年2月一、如何变人称:
口诀:一随主。二随宾,第三不变。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如:She
said.
"My
brother
wants
to
goshopping
with
me.
”→She
said
her
brotherwanted
to
goshopping
with
her.
第3页,课件共13页,创作于2023年2月“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时,若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称,如:
He
said
to
Kate.
"How
is
your
sister
now?”→He
asked
Kate
how
her
sister
was
then。
第4页,课件共13页,创作于2023年2月“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如:
Mr.
Smith
said,“Jack
is
a
good
boy.”→Mr.
Smith
said
Jack
was
a
good
boy.第5页,课件共13页,创作于2023年2月二、如何变时态:直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。
1)一般现在时→一般过去时态;
Shesaid:“Iamastudent.”→
Shesaid(that)shewasastudent.2)一般将来时→过去将来时
She
said,"He
will
go
to
see
his
friend.”→She
said
he
would
go
to
see
his
friend。Tomsaid,“Iamgoingtoplaybasketballtomorrow.”→Tomsaidhewas
goingtoplaybasketballtomorrow.3)现在进行时→过去进行时;
Shesaid,“Iamreadingabook.”→Shesaidshewas
readingabook.第6页,课件共13页,创作于2023年2月
注意:以下几种情况时态
不变①直接引语是客观真理。The
teacher
said
"The
earth
moves
around
the
sun
.”→
The
teacher
said
me
the
earth
moves
around
the
sun
earth.
③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语,变为间接引语时,时态不变。如:Jack
said.
"I
was
born
on
April
2l,
1980."
②直接引语是过去进行时,时态不变。Jack
said.
“IwasdoingchoreswhenTomcametoseeme”
Jack
saidhewasdoingchoreswhenTomcametoseehim.→Jacksaid
he
was
born
on
April
21,
1980.第7页,课件共13页,创作于2023年2月④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作,变间接引语,时态不变。如:He
said,
“I
get
up
at
six
every
morning。”
⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再变(例:could,
should,
would,
might)
Thedoctorsaid,“Youshouldstayinbedfor2days.”
→ThedoctorsaidIshouldstayinbedfor2days.”和已经是过去时的形式时,例:ought
to,
had
better,
used
toPeter
said.
"You
had
better
come
here
today."
→He
said
he
gets
up
at
six
every
morning.→Peter
said
I
had
better
go
there
that
day.第8页,课件共13页,创作于2023年2月三、如何变状语:直接引语变间接引语,状语变化有其内在规律,时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”(例:now变为then,
yesterday变为
the
day
beforetoday变为thatdayHesaid,”Iwanttogoswimmingnow.”→Hesaidhewantedtogoswimmingthen.地点状语,尤其表示方向性的,
here变there
Theteachersaid,“Youshouldcomehereat7:00.”
→TheteachersaidIshouldgothereat7:00.指示代词修饰的状语,由“此”改为“彼”
例:this
改为thatHe
said,
"This
books
is
mine.“
→He
said
that
book
was
his.
ago—before;thismorning—thatmorningYesterday—thedaybefore;tomorrow—thenextdaynextweek—thefollowingweek/thenextweekYesterdaymorning—themorningbefore谓语动词的变化:直接引语:Must;Come;bring间接引语:hadto;go;takeShesaid,"Iwillcomeherethisevening.”Shesaidthatshewouldgotherethatevening第9页,课件共13页,创作于2023年2月四、如何变句型:
①直接引语如果是陈述句,间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。She
said,
"Our
bus
will
arrive
in
five
minutes.“→She
said
that
their
bus
would
arrive
in
five
minutes.
②直接引语如果是反意疑问句,选择疑问句或一般疑问句,间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.He
said,
"Can
you
swim,
John?“
→He
asked
John
if
he
could
swim。
“Do
you
go
to
school
by
bus
or
by
bike?”
→He
asked
me
if
I
went
to
school
by
bus
or
by
bike.③直接引语如果是特殊问句,间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句(宾语从句必须用陈述句语序)。She
asked
me,
"When
do
they
have
their
dinner?”→
She
asked
me
when
they
had
their
dinner.She
asked
me,
"What
wasJackdoingwhenIcomein?”→She
asked
mewhat
Jackwasdoingwhenshecamein.第10页,课件共13页,创作于2023年2月④直接引语如果是祈使句,间接引语应改为“Tell(ask,
order,
beg等)
sb
(not)
to
do
sth.”句型
。如:1."Don't
make
any
noise,"
theteacher
said
to
the
students.
→She
told
(ordered)
the
students
not
to
make
any
noise.
2.“Openthedoor,
please,"
said
she.→She
asked
him
to
openthedoor.⑤直接引语如果是以“Let's”开头的祈使句,变为间接引语时,通常用“suggest
+动句词(或从句)”如:He
said,
"Let's
go
to
the
movies."
→He
suggested
going
to
the
movies.或He
suggested
that
they
should
go
to
see
the
movies.
第11页,课件共13页,创作于2023年2月Exercise1.“Inevereatmeat.”hesaid.Hesaidthat______never______meat.2.“I’vefoundmywallet.”hesaidtome.He______methathe__________________wallet.3.“Itookithomewithme.”shesaid.Shesaidthat___________________ithomewithher.4.Theteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandgoesdowninthewest.”Theteachersaidthatthesun______intheeastand______downinthewest.5.“Imetheryesterday.”hesaidtome.He______methathe______mettheday______.6.“Youmustcomeherebeforefive.”hesaid.HesaidthatI______togo______beforefive.7.“Iboughtthehouse10yearsago.”hesaid.Hesaidthathe_______boughtthehouse10years_______.heatetoldhadFoundhisshehadtakenrisegoestoldhadbeforehadbeforehadthere第12页,课件共13页,创作于2023年2月8.“Didyouseeherlastweek?”hesaid.He____________Ihadseenhertheweek_______.9.Hesaid,“Youcansithere,Jim.”He______Jimthathe______sitthere10.Heasked,“Howdidyoufindit,mother?”Heaskedhermother__________________foundit.11.“Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays?”heasked.Heaskedme_____________________been_______days.12.“Doyouknowwhereshelives?”heasked.Heasked____________knewwhereshe______.13.“Stopmakingsomuchnoise,children.”hesaid.He______thechildren____________makingsomuchnoise.14.“Don’
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