人教版高一英语定语从句课件

Revision1.Araftisasmallboat

_____________________________________________.which/that

youcanusetopaddledownriversandstreams2.ChuckNolandisabusinessman_______________________________________________________________.whoisalwayssobusythathehaslittletimeforhisfriendsRevision1.Araftisasmallb4.NoahWebsterwasanAmericanwriter_________________________________________________________.whopublishedthefirstAmericandictionaryin18283.Atimemachineisamachine_______________________________.that/whichletsyoutravelintime5.Thegirl____________________ismysister.whoseskirtiswhite6.Tomorrow,Iwillshowyouthehouse____________________________.Whosewindowisfacetosouth4.NoahWebsterwasanAmericaThegirlwhoisraisingherhandismysister.Heisthepolicemanwhotoldmethewayyesterday.ThegirlwhoisraisingherIlikethemanwhoisthinkingnow.Ilosttheglassesthat/whichIboughtinBeijing.IlikethemanwhoisthinkiThisisatruckwhichismadeinChina.Thepianoisinstrumentthatislovedbymanypeople.ThisisatruckwhichismadeAttributiveclause定语从句Attributiveclause定语从句1.Whentalkingaboutpeople,weusewho,whom,whose,that;

2.Whentalkingaboutthings,weusewhich,that,whose.Tips1.Whentalkingaboutpeopl

AttributiveClause:

定语从句指在从句中起定语作用，并修饰主句中的某一名词或代词的句子。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰名词后面，所以如果在名词或代词后面出现一个从句，根据它与前面名词或代词的逻辑关系来判断是否是定语从句。AttributiveClause:定语从句

限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句:①限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、确定的作用，是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整或不合逻辑。这种定语从句和主句之间不能用逗号隔开。

②非限制性定语从句和先行词关系松散，只是对先行词作附加说明，如果省去，主句的意思仍然完整或清楚.从句和主句之间须用逗号隔开。如：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句:①限制性定语从句对先限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句

形式上不用“，”与主句隔开用“，”与主句隔开

意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语,

如删除,主句失去意义或意思表达不完整译法上关系词的使用上

只是对先行词的补充说明,如删除,主句仍能表达完整的意思.

译成先行词的定语“…的”通常译成主句的并列句1.作宾语时常省略1.作宾语时不可省略2.可用that2.不用that3.可用who代替whom3.不用who代替whom限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形a.AbrahamLincoln,wholedtheUnitedStatesthroughtheseyears,wasmurderedonApril14,1865.b.Helivesinanothertown,whichisonlyaboutanhour’sridefromhere.c.Soontheyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhichsatasmallboy.d.Theysetupaseparatestateoftheirown,wheretheywouldbefreetokeepNegroesasslaves.

注意：引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可用that，指人时用who(主语),whom(宾语)，指物时须用which.作宾语时不能省略。a.AbrahamLincoln,whol定语从句例句解析：(1)Thegirlwho/thatisstandingthereisMary.

(2)Theman(whom/who/that)mymothersawinthestreetismyteacher.

(3)Thebookwhich/thattellsusabouttheearthisinteresting.(who,that指人，在从句中作主语）(whom,who,that指人，在从句中作宾语，也可省略)(which,that指物，在从句中作主语,不可省略)定语从句例句解析：(1)Thegirlwho/tha(4)Thebuilding(which/that)hereferredtoisbeautiful.

(5)Shelivesinahousewhosewindowsfacesouth.

(6)ThecompanywillemployapersonwhoseEnglishisgood.Thebookwhosecover/thecoverofwhich/ofwhichthecoverisblue.(which,that指物，在从句中作宾语，可省略）(whose指物，在从句中作windows的定语）(whose在从句中指人，作定语)Whose即可指人，也可指物，是所有格，在从句中作定语，指物时可与ofwhich互换。(4)Thebuilding(which/that)

定语从句三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；第三选择合适的关系词。定语从句三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语

1.关系代词（who,whom,which,that，whose）1.关系代词（who,whom,which,tha关系代词和关系副词的作用：1、引导作用2、替代作用3、在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用

E.g.：

1.Thosewhowanttogopleasesignyournameshere.2.Thisisthehousewherehewasborn.3.Bill,whowashereyesterday,askedmealotofquestions.关系代词和关系副词的作用：1.that指物时一般可以与which互换，但在下列情况中一般只能用that,不可以用which:

a.Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.b.Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.

c.Thereislittle(that)theenemycandobesidessurrender.①当先行词为all,much,little,few,none,something,anything,everything,nothing等不定代词时.Notes1.that指物时一般可以与which互换，但在下列情况中一a.I’vereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.

b.

Somestudentsthatwerepunishedinthemorningwereaskedbyteacher.

a.Thisisthefirstcomposition(that)hehaswritteninEnglish.b.It’sthebestnovel(that)Ihaveeverread.②先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much修饰时.③先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。a.I’vereadallthebooks(a.Thatwhitefloweristheonlyone(that)Ireallylike.b.Thisistheverybook(that)Iwanttofind.

a.Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?b.Whichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysics

doesnotknowthis?c.Whatthatisonthetablebelongstome?④先行词被oneof,theright,theonly,thevery,thelast

等修饰时.⑤当主句是特殊疑问句时，定语从句用that引导。a.ThatwhitefloweristheHetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthathehadvisited.

Maryisnolongerthegirl(that)sheusedtobe.Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatitusedtobe.

⑥当先行词既有人又有物时，定语从句要用that引导。⑦当先行词在主句中或关系代词在从句作表语时.Hetalkedabouttheteachers2.只能用which不能用that的情况:①引导非限制性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子时.a.Brucewenttowardthefire,whichwasstillsmoking.b.Hecamelateagain,whichmadetheteacherangry.②先行词在从句中作介词的宾语且介词前置。

ThisisthehouseinwhichLuXunlived.

如果介词后置：

Thisisthehousewhich/thatLuXunlivedin.ThisisthehousewhereLuXunlived.2.只能用which不能用that的情况:①引导非限制性定3.关系代词as引导的限制性定语从句,as用作关系代词,既可指人,也可指物。在定语从句中可做主语,宾语和表语。它常用在thesame…as,such…as,as…as,so…as句型中，as不可省略。3.关系代词as引导的限制性定语从句,as用作关Such

girls

as

heknewwereteachers.

他认识的女孩都是老师。Iwillbuy

thesame

bike

as

yours.

我要买和你一样的自行车。Suchgirlsasheknewweret若与thesame(指同一物)连用,构成thesame...that...结构时,关系代词用that。

Thisis

thesame

museum

that

youoncevisited.

这就是你曾经参观过的那个博物馆。若与thesame(指同一物)连用,构成the练习题1、All______isusefultousisgood.A、whichB、whatC、thatD、whetherC练习题1、All______isusefultous2、Shewillneverforgettheday_____shespentinBeijing.A、whenB、whatC、whichD、whyC2、Shewillneverforgettheda3、Thisisthefactory_______wevisitedlastyear.A、thatB、whichC、whatD、theoneA3、Thisisthefactory_______we4、Whichofthetwocows______youkeepproducesmoremilk?A、whichB、thatC、whatD、asB4、Whichofthetwocows______5、Thecollegewon’ttakeanyone_____eyesightisweak.A、whoB、whoseC、ofwhomD、whichB5、Thecollegewon’ttakeanyon6、Thisisthelastfactory___heusedtoworkat.A、itB、whichC、thatD、whereC6、Thisisthelastfactory___7、Those_____totakepartinthegamewritedownyournames.A、whoB、whowantC、whatwantsD、wantB7、Those_____totakepartin8、Theyhavedecidedtofinishtheirwork,______Ithinkisawisechoice.A、thatB、whatC、whichD、whetherC8、Theyhavedecidedtofinish9、Thisistheonlything_____Icandonow.A、whatB、whichC、thatD、allC9、Thisistheonlything_____10、Thisisthereason______hetoldme.A、thatB、whyC、onwhichD、forthatA10、Thisisthereason______hThat’sall.Goodbye!That’sall.Goodbye!关系副词when,where,why其含义相当于onwhich,inwhich,forwhich，所以可以交替使用。如：①Thedayonwhich/whenImethimfirstwasMay1st.②Theyearinwhich/whenIcameherewas1998.③Thereasonwhy/forwhichhewaslatewasthathegotuplate.④Theroominwhichhelivesfacessouth.which/thathelivesinwherehelives

Thisisthereason(why/forwhich/that)hecamelate.Thisistheway(that/inwhich)hedidit.有时可用that代替关系副词，在口语中常可以省略。关系副词when,where,why其含义相当于onw介词+关系代词要根据谓语动词的固定搭配

e.g.Thisistheevidencewithwhichthecaseisconnected.b.先行词

e.g.I’llneverforgetthedayonwhich\whenIjoinedtheparty.c.句子表达的意思

e.g.ThebossinwhosedepartmentMrKingworkedgotsacked.d.在非限制性定语从句中，名词\代词+of+which\whom表示整体与部分的关系

e.g.Theworkers,someofwhomstayedforfouryears,camefromdifferentcountries.e.介词的位置一般放在关系代词之前，有时也可放在从句中原来的位置上。

e.g.Wediditinthesamewayinwhichhedid\whichhedidin.介词+关系代词要根据3、Thisisthefactory_______wevisitedlastyear.A、thatB、whichC、whatD、theoneA3、Thisisthefactory_______we4、Isthisfactory____wevisitedlastweek.A、whereB、thatC、whichD、theoneD4、Isthisfactory____wevisi4、Thisistheschool_______myfatherworked20yearsago.A、thatB、whenC、whichD、whereD4、Thisistheschool_______m6、Thetextisoneofthemostinterestingstories_______learntinthepastthreedays.A、thathaveB、thathavebeenC、whichhasD、whichhasbeenB6、Thetextisoneofthemost8、Letmethinkofapropersituation_______thissentencecanbeused.A、whereB、thatC、ofwhomD、whichA8、Letmethinkofapropersit9、Theman_______youaretalkingisinthenextroom.A、towhomB、aboutwhomC、aboutwhoD、whomB9、Theman_______youaretalk12、I，______yourgoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.A、whoisB、whatisC、whatamD、whoamD12、I，______yourgoodfriend,13、Hiswalkingstick,____hecan’twalk,waslostyesterday.A、thatB、withwhichC、whichD、withoutwhichD13、Hiswalkingstick,____he15、Idon’tliketheway_____hespoketome.A、bythatB、whatC、bywhichD、/D15、Idon’tliketheway_____17、Therearethreelibrariesinourschool,_______werebuiltfiveyearsago.A、allofthemB、eitherofthemC、allofwhichD、bothofthatC17、Therearethreelibrariesi18、Hetoldmethereason_____hedidn’tcomehere.A、whichB、thatC、whyD、whatC18、Hetoldmethereason_____定语从句的使用需注意：

Mybrotherwhoisverycleverstudieschemistryallbyhimself.

使用定语从句勿滥！可以使用单个形容词，或较短的非谓语动词结构的，尽量使用简略些的方式。使句子读起来更顺口！Mybrotherisclever.Hestudieschemistryallbyhimself.Mybrotherissocleverthathestudieschemistryallbyhimself.定语从句的使用需注意： Mybrotherwhois九、注意事项：1、关系代词和关系副词在定从中的不同成分a、Thisistheplacewhereheworks.Thisistheplacewhich(that)wevisitedlastyear.b、Thatwasthetimewhenhearrived.Doyoustillrememberthedaysthat(which)wespenttogether?c、Thisisthereasonwhyhewent.Thereasonthat(which)hegaveuswasquitereasonable.九、注意事项：2、关系代词放在介词后面，只能用which或whoma.Thisistheboywithwhomheworked.b.Thisistheboywhomheworkedwith.c.Thisistheboywhoheworkedwith.d.Thisistheboyheworkedwith.e.Thehousewhereweliveisnotlarge.f.Thehouseinwhichweliveisnotlarge.g.Thehousewhichwel