2022-2023学年广东省广州市越秀区重点中高二下学期联考英语试题（原卷版+解析版无听力部分）

第第页2022-2023学年广东省广州市越秀区重点中高二下学期联考英语试题（原卷版+解析版，无听力部分）广州市育才中学2022学年第二学期3月月考

高二年级英语试卷

本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)，总分130分，考试时间130分钟。

第Ⅰ卷(选择题，共65分)

第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Thefollowingarenewlyreleaseddevicesalldesignedtohelpmakeyourlifemoreconvenient,beautifulandvivid.

Tonal

＄2,995AT

Tonalmakesliftingandresistancetrainingtrulyeasyandaccessiblefromyourownhome.ItisgreatbecauseIhateanysortofpublicweighttraining.Tonalhasaremarkablyeasyuserinterfaceandgivesdataandfeedbackinahelpfulmanner.Italsomakesyoufeelgreatbykeepingtrackofclearimprovements.

Hisense75″U800GR8KULEDRokuTV

＄1,800ATBESTBUY

8ksoundedlikealuxury,butnowthatbrandslikeHisense,whichfocusonamoreaffordableendofthespectrum,havegottensometimewiththetech,youcanfinallybringthedeepcoloroutputandstunningdetailintoyourlivingroom.Callingit“affordable”maybeastretch,butcomparedtomost8kTV’swhichallrunover＄5,000,it’sthemostcost-efficientversionofthetechwe’vegot.

VIVEFlow

＄499AT

VivegoggleswillbringanextremelyaccessibleandrefreshingapproachtotheVRworld.Theyareapairofgogglesnotunlikesomethingyoudweartosnowboard.They’reextremelylightweightwithalightningfastset-thatsconnectedwiththingslikewatchingNetflix.It’sthecalmestheadsetI’veeverwornandusescamerastoletyoucontroleverythingwithjustyourhands.Thisone’sforthenot-gamers.

DysonPurifierHumidify＋CoolFormaldehyde

＄920ATWALMART

Forpeoplewhoeasilysneezebecauseofdoghairorsomethinglikethatoutside,Dysonhascreatedamachinethatsavesthemfortimeathome.Thisnewpurifierdoublesasahumidifier,plusithasacoolingfunction,makingittheendallbeallforstuffy,hot,dryapartments.

1.Whichdevicewillgetyourmoneyworthbest

A.Tonal.

B.Hisense75″U800GR8KULEDRokuTV.

C.VIVEFlow.

D.DysonPurifierHumidify＋CoolFormaldehyde.

2.WhatstatementofVivegogglesisTRUE

A.Theyareuser-friendly.

B.Theyhelpkeeptrackofweight.

C.Theyappealtogamers.

D.Theyareintendedforwhoareallergictodust.

3.Whereisthetextprobablytakefrom

A.Aconsumerreview.B.Asciencereport.

C.Aproductbrochure.D.Anonlinejournal.

【答案】1.B2.A3.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了四款最新的为了让你的生活更方便、更美丽、更生动而设计的设备。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据Hisense75″U800GR8KULEDRokuTV中“8ksoundedlikealuxury,butnowthatbrandslikeHisense,whichfocusonamoreaffordableendofthespectrum,havegottensometimewiththetech,youcanfinallybringthedeepcoloroutputandstunningdetailintoyourlivingroom.Callingit“affordable”maybeastretch,butcomparedtomost8kTV’swhichallrunover＄5,000,itsthemostcost-efficientversionofthetechwe’vegot.(8k听起来像是一种奢侈，但现在海信等专注于更实惠端的品牌已经有了一些技术，你终于可以把深颜色输出和令人惊叹的细节带进客厅了。称其为“平价”可能有些牵强，但与大多数超过5000美元的8k电视相比，这是我们所拥有的最具成本效益的技术版本。)”，设备最能让你的钱花得值。故选B。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据VIVEFlow中“VivegoggleswillbringanextremelyaccessibleandrefreshingapproachtotheVRworld.Theyareapairofgogglesnotunlikesomethingyoudweartosnowboard.Theyreextremelylightweightwithalightningfastset-thatsconnectedwiththingslikewatchingNetflix.It’sthecalmestheadsetI’veeverwornandusescamerastoletyoucontroleverythingwithjustyourhands.Thisone’sforthenot-gamers.(Vive护目镜将为虚拟现实世界带来一种极其便捷和令人耳目一新的方式。这是一副护目镜，就像你在滑雪板上戴的一样。它们非常轻，速度极快，可以用来做像看Netflix这样的事情。这是我戴过的最安静的耳机，它使用摄像头，让你只需用手就能控制一切。这是为非游戏玩家准备的。)”可知，它们是用户友好的。故选A。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段“Thefollowingarenewlyreleaseddevicesalldesignedtohelpmakeyourlifemoreconvenient,beautifulandvivid.（以下是最新发布的设备，都是为了让你的生活更方便、更美丽、更生动而设计的。）”可知，文章介绍了四款让你的生活更方便、更美丽、更生动而设计的设备。这篇文章可能摘自一份在线杂志。故选D。

B

Somebodygavemeanaward!Inmyentirelife,Ihaveonlyeverreceivedoneaward:in2000,IwasnamedMostHelpfulbymyuniversitydramasociety.

Thistime,however,Iwonanactualaward!Admittedly,therewasnobigawardsceremony.justanemailandasocialmediapost.But,nevertheless,it’sgivenmeaglowofpride.Somebodyacknowledgedmyachievements!

Theproblemisthatsocietyseemstofavoryouth.Thereareamillion‘30under30’listswhichIwasneveron,andyetitwasonlylastyearthatthemagazineForbeslaunchedits‘50over50’list.ButwhileIdon’twanttotakethoseawardsawayfromthekids,1knowifsomeonehaddeclaredmean‘up-and-coming’anythingat30,I’dhavebeenasterrifiedasIwasdelighted;somuchtoliveupto.Now,however,Iamgrabbingthatawardandshouting:“Atlast,therecognitionIdeserve!”,becauseIknowhowmuchworkI’veputin,andI’mnotabouttoletanyonelessenthat.

IfIwastolisttheadvantagesofgettingolder,thentheabilitytorecognizemyaccomplishmentsandtobeproudofthemwouldbeattheverytop.Heardtoomanytimes,it’sboringtosaythatwewomenputourselvesdown,buttoooftenwepushawaypraise,ratherthantakingituplikethecatwhogotthecream.Formostofus,praiseisnotadailygift.So,whenitcomes,weneedtoallowourselvestoreceiveit.Andifnooneelseisgivingittous,weneedtogiveittoourselves.

Itworkstheotherway,too.Mynewfavouritehobbyiswritingemailstotheheadofficesofrestaurantsandshops,totellthemhowlovelytheirstaffare.Itmakesmefeelgood,andIhopeitdoesthem,too.

Afriendoncetoldmeaboutaself-developmentcourseshe’dbeenonwhereparticipantshadtoshout‘Iappriseofmydecision!’,andthenhigh-fivethemselves.Iputthisritualintomydailylife.Now,Iamdone.And,then,I’mwritingmyselfanemailofpraise.Because,likethataward,Ideserveit.

4.Whatmadetheauthorfeelproudofgettingtheawardthistime

A.Thebigawardsceremony.

B.Thesocialmediapost.

C.Thesecondawardafterhergraduation.

D.Therecognitionofherachievements.

5.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellinparagraph3

A.Societypresentsunfairnesstoyouth.

B.Heryears-longeffortpaysoffeventually.

C.Sheisconfidentenoughtobesuperiortokids.

D.Sheistooscaredtoliveuptoothers’expectations.

6.Whatdoestheunderlined“ritual”inparagraph6probablymean

A.Practice.

B.Course.

C.Hobby.

D.Need.

7.Whatadvicewouldtheauthorliketogivewomen

A.Beingcontentwiththeirownlife.

B.Beingappreciativeofthemselves.

C.Beinggeneroustotheirlovelystaff.

D.Beingmodestabouttheirachievements.

【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述自己再次取得成功的故事，她因为自己的成就得到了承认而特别自豪，并且发出感悟：我们应该多鼓励、赞赏自己。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段后两句“But,nevertheless,it’sgivenmeaglowofpride.Somebodyacknowledgedmyachievements!(但无论如何，这给了我一种自豪感。有人承认了我的成就！)”可知，这次获奖之所以这么自豪，是因为有人承认了她的成就。故选D项。

【5题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第三段最后一句“Now,however,Iamgrabbingthatawardandshouting:“Atlast,therecognitionIdeserve!”,becauseIknowhowmuchworkI’veputin,andI’mnotabouttoletanyonelessenthat.(然而，现在，我抓住了这个奖项并大喊：“终于，我应得的认可！”因为我知道我付出了多少努力，我不会让任何人贬低这一点。)”可知，这一段主要想要表达她付出了很多努力，并且最终取得成功。故选B项。

【6题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第六段第一句“Afriendoncetoldmeaboutaself-developmentcourseshe’dbeenonwhereparticipantshadtoshout‘Iappriseofmydecision!’,andthenhigh-fivethemselves.(有一次，一位朋友告诉我，她参加了一个自我发展课程，参与者必须大喊“我知道我的决定了！”，然后自己击掌。)”可知，从朋友的一门课程中学到要自我激励，而划线句提到的ritual前有指示代词this，故这个单词表达的内容前文已经提到过，故推测它的含义为“把课程所学投诸实践，作为人生的惯例”，划线词所在句Iputthisritualintomydailylife翻译为“我把这一惯例应用在自己的日常生活”语句通顺，且也得到了下文“Now,Iamdone.And,then,I’mwritingmyselfanemailofpraise.(现在我完成了。并且，我给自己写了封表扬邮件。)”的印证。故选A项。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句“Formostofus,praiseisnotadailygift.So,whenitcomes,weneedtoallowourselvestoreceiveit.Andifnooneelseisgivingittous,weneedtogiveittoourselves.(对我们大多数人来说，赞美不是日常的礼物。所以，当它来临时，我们需要让自己接受它。如果没有人给我们，我们需要给自己。)”可知，会给女性提的建议可能是“女性应该欣赏，赞赏自己”。故选B项。

C

Heatisthebiggestenduseforenergyallovertheworld.It’salsocriticallyimportantforsurvivalinacountrylikeFinlandwherethewinterislong,coldanddark.AndtherecentmovebyRussiatocutoffsuppliesofgasandelectricityinresponsetoFinlandjoiningNATOhascausedconcern.

Thereisgoodnews,however,thattheworld’sfullyfirstworkingsandbatteryhasbeeninstalledinFinland.Itisadevicewhichcanstoresustainablyproducedheatformonthsatatimeandcanbeusedtokeephomeswarminwinter.That’swhythenewtechnologywasdevelopedbyresearchersthere.Researchersbelieveitcansolvethecountry’syear-roundcrisisinpowersupply,whichisasignificantissueforgreenenergy.

ThesandbatterywasinstalledintheVatajankoskipowerplantthatrunstheheatingsystemforthehousesinthearea.Itworksbyheatingthesand,circulatingtheheatgeneratedinthesandusingaheatexchanger.Researchersusedlow-gradesandtochargethedeviceswithheatfromcheapelectricitycomingfromeithersolarorwindenergy.Thesandbatterycanstoreenergyandheatupto500degreesCelsius.whichcanbeusedtowarmhomesduringwinterwhenelectricityismoreexpensive.

Itisacost-effectivemethodbecausewhenthebatteryreleasesthehotair,itwarmsthewaterforthedistrictheatingsystemthatispumpedaroundhomes,offices,andthelocalswimmingpool.Sandisanidealmaterialbecauseitischeapandreadilyavailableeverywhere.Whileotherinexpensiveitemslikewatercanstoreheat,sandcanbeheatedtomuchhighertemperatures.Thesandusedisofthelowestqualitysoitcannotbeusedinconstructionthusmakingitasustainablechoice.Besides,sand-basedbatterieslastlongerthanotherbatteries.Accordingtoastudy,researchersobtainedsiliconusingsandtocreateabatterythatlaststhreetimeslongerthanlithium-ion(锂离子)batteries.

“Thisinnovationisapartofthesmartandgreenenergytransition.Heatstoragesystemscansignificantlyhelptoincreaseintermittent(间歇性的)renewablesintheelectricalnetwork,”saidMarkkuYlnen,cofounderofPolarNightEnergy.“Atthesametime,wecanmakefulluseoftheheatwastetokeepthecitywarm.”

8.WhydidresearchersinstallsandbatteryinFinland

A.BecauseFinlandisindesperateneedofitowingtotheclimate.

B.Becausepeopletherecanuseittokeepwarminsummer.

C.BecauseRussiacutoffsuppliesofgasandelectricitythere.

D.BecausesandinFinlandcangenerateagreatdealofsolarpower.

9.Howdoesthesandbatterywork

A.Itgenerateselectricitywithseawater.B.Itstoresheatfromgreenenergy.

C.Itchargeselectronicdevices.D.Thehotairiscirculatinginsideaplant.

10.Sandisusedinthisnewtechnologymainlybecause________.

A.othermaterialcan’tstoreheatB.itisthrowneverywhere

C.itisakindofunsustainableresourceD.itisinexpensive

11.What’sMarkkuYlnen’sattitudetowardsthebattery

A.Indifferent.B.Negative.C.Positive.D.Neutral.

【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是一款绿色能源——沙子电池。

【8题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段中“Heatisthebiggestenduseforenergyallovertheworld.It’salsocriticallyimportantforsurvivalinacountrylikeFinlandwherethewinterislong,coldanddark.(热是全世界最大的能源最终用途。这对一个像芬兰这样冬天漫长、寒冷、黑暗的国家的生存来说也至关重要。)”以及第二段中“Itisadevicewhichcanstoresustainablyproducedheatformonthsatatimeandcanbeusedtokeephomeswarminwinter.That’swhythenewtechnologywasdevelopedbyresearchersthere.(这是一种可以储存持续产生的热量的设备，一次可以储存几个月，可以用来在冬天保持家庭温暖。这就是为什么那里的研究人员开发了这项新技术。)”可知，因为芬兰由于气候原因急需沙子电池，这样可以帮助芬兰在冬天保持家庭温暖。故选A。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中“Itisadevicewhichcanstoresustainablyproducedheatformonthsatatimeandcanbeusedtokeephomeswarminwinter.(这是一种可以储存持续产生的热量的设备，一次可以储存几个月，可以用来在冬天保持家庭温暖。)”可知，该沙子电池是通过储存持续产生的热量的方式工作的。故选B。

【10题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Sandisanidealmaterialbecauseitischeapandreadilyavailableeverywhere.(沙子是一种理想的材料，因为它便宜而且随处可得。)”可知，使用沙子的原因在于沙子便宜。故选D。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thisinnovationisapartofthesmartandgreenenergytransition.Heatstoragesystemscansignificantlyhelptoincreaseintermittent(间歇性的)renewablesintheelectricalnetwork(这种创新是智能和绿色能源转型的一部分。蓄热系统可以极大地帮助增加电力网络中的间歇性可再生能源。)”可知，MarkkuYlnen认为该电池能够极大地帮助增加电力网络中的间歇性可再生能源即保持的是积极的态度。故选C。

D

Theenvironmentalpracticesofbigbusinessesareshapedbyafundamentalfactthatoffendsoursenseofjustice.Abusinessmaymaximizetheamountofmoneyitmakesbydamagingtheenvironmentandhurtingpeople.Whengovernmentregulationiseffective,andthepublicisenvironmentallyaware,environmentallycleanbigbusinessesmayout-competedirtyones,butthereverseislikelytobetrueifgovernmentregulationisineffectiveandthepublicdoesn’tcare.

Itiseasytoblameabusinessforhelpingitselfbyhurtingotherpeople.Butblamingaloneisunlikelytoproducechange.Itignoresthefactthatbusinessesarenotcharitiesbutprofit-makingcompanies,andtheyareunderobligationtomaximizeprofitsforshareholdersbylegalmeans.

Ourblamingofbusinessesalsoignorestheultimateresponsibilityofthepublicforcreatingtheconditionsthatletabusinessprofitthroughdestructiveenvironmentalpolicies.Inthelongrun,itisthepublic,eitherdirectlyorthroughitspoliticians,thathasthepowertomakesuchdestructivepoliciesunprofitableandillegal,andtomakesustainableenvironmentalpoliciesprofitable.

Thepubliccandothatbyaccusingbusinessesofharmingthem.Thepublicmayalsomaketheiropinionfeltbychoosingtobuysustainablyharvestedproducts;bypreferringtheirgovernmentstoawardvaluablecontractstobusinesseswithagoodenvironmentaltrackrecord;andbypressingtheirgovernmentstopassandenforcelawsandregulationsrequiringgoodenvironmentalpractices.

Inturn,bigbusinessescanexertpowerfulpressureonanysuppliersthatmightignorepublicorgovernmentpressure.Forinstance,aftertheUSpublicbecameconcernedaboutthespreadofadisease,transmittedtohumansthroughinfectedmeat,theUSgovernmentintroducedrulesdemandingthatthemeatindustryabandonpracticesassociatedwiththeriskofthediseasespreading.Butthemeatpackersrefusedtofollowthese,claimingthattheywouldbetooexpensivetoobey.However,whenafast-foodcompanymadethesamedemandsaftercustomerpurchasesofitshamburgersdropped,themeatindustryfollowedimmediately.Thepublic’staskisthereforetoidentifywhichlinksinthesupplychainaresensitivetopublicpressure.

SomereadersmaybedisappointedoroutragedthatIplacetheultimateresponsibilityforbusinesspracticesharmingthepubliconthepublicitself.Ialsobelievethatthepublicmustacceptthenecessityforhigherpricesforproductstocovertheaddedcostsofsoundenvironmentalpractices.Myviewsmayseemtoignorethebeliefthatbusinessesshouldactinaccordancewithmoralprinciplesevenifthisleadstoareductionintheirprofits.ButIthinkwehavetorecognizethat,throughouthumanhistory,governmentregulationhasarisenpreciselybecauseitwasfoundthatnotonlydidmoralprinciplesneedtobemadeexplicit,theyalsoneededtobeenforced.

Myconclusionisnotamoralisticoneaboutwhoisrightorwrong,admirableorselfish.Ibelievethatchangesinpublicattitudesareessentialforchangesinbusinesses’environmentalpractices.

12.ThemainideaofParagraph3isthatenvironmentaldamage__________.

A.istheresultofignoranceofthepublic

B.requirespoliticalactionifitistobestopped

C.canbepreventedbytheactionofordinarypeople

D.canonlybestoppedbyeducatingbusinessleaders

13.InParagraph4,thewriterdescribeswaysinwhichthepubliccan__________.

A.reducetheirownindividualimpactontheenvironment

B.learnmoreabouttheimpactofbusinessontheenvironment

C.raiseawarenessoftheeffectsofspecificenvironmentaldisasters

D.influencetheenvironmentalpoliciesofbusinessesandgovernments

14.WhatpressurewasgivenbybigbusinessinthecaseofthediseasementionedinParagraph5

A.Meatpackersstoppedsupplyinghamburgerstofast-foodchains.

B.Meatpackerspersuadedthegovernmenttoreducetheirexpenses.

C.Afast-foodcompanyforcedtheirmeatsupplierstofollowthelaw.

D.Afast-foodcompanyencouragedthegovernmenttointroduceregulations.

15Whatwouldbethebestheadingforthispassage

A.Willtheworldsurvivethethreatcausedbybigbusinesses

B.Howcanbigbusinessesbeencouragedtobelessdrivenbyprofit

C.Whatenvironmentaldangersarecausedbythegreedofbusinesses

D.Arebigbusinessestoblameforthedamagetheycausetotheenvironment

【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了企业通过破坏环境和伤害人们来获得利益，这是很正常的，但仅仅指责企业是没用的，还需发挥公众的作用和影响力。

【12题详解】

主旨大意题。由第三段“Ourblamingofbusinessesalsoignorestheultimateresponsibilityofthepublicforcreatingtheconditionsthatletabusinessprofitthroughdestructiveenvironmentalpolicies.Inthelongrun,itisthepublic,eitherdirectlyorthroughitspoliticians,thathasthepowertomakesuchdestructivepoliciesunprofitableandillegal,andtomakesustainableenvironmentalpoliciesprofitable.(我们对企业的指责也忽视了公众的最终责任，是他们创造出相应的条件，让企业可以通过破坏环境的政策来赚取利润。长期来看，无论是直接参与也好，通过政客也好，只有公众才有权力让这些破坏性的政策变得无利可图或者违背法律，让可持续的环保政策能够盈利)”可知，公众能创造相应条件让企业通过破坏环境的政策来赚取利润，公众也可以通过行动让企业从破坏环境的政策变得无利可图，概括可知第三段的主要思想是环境破坏可以通过普通人的行动来预防。故选C项。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。由第四段“Thepubliccandothatbyaccusingbusinessesofharmingthem.Thepublicmayalsomaketheiropinionfeltbychoosingtobuysustainablyharvestedproducts;bypreferringtheirgovernmentstoawardvaluablecontractstobusinesseswithagoodenvironmentaltrackrecord;andbypressingtheirgovernmentstopassandenforcelawsandregulationsrequiringgoodenvironmentalpractices.(公众可以通过起诉企业伤害他们来实现这一点。公众也可以通过选择购买可持续收获的产品来表达自己的意见；通过选择本国政府将有价值的合同授予有良好环境记录的企业；并通过敦促其政府通过和执行要求良好环境做法的法律和法规)”可知，在第四段中，描述了公众可以影响企业和政府的环境政策的方式。故选D项。

【14题详解】

细节理解题。由第五段中的“Inturn,bigbusinessescanexertpowerfulpressureonanysuppliersthatmightignorepublicorgovernmentpressure.(反过来，大企业可以对任何忽视公众或政府压力的供应商施加强大压力)”和“Forinstance,aftertheUSpublicbecameconcernedaboutthespreadofadisease,transmittedtohumansthroughinfectedmeat,theUSgovernmentintroducedrulesdemandingthatthemeatindustryabandonpracticesassociatedwiththeriskofthediseasespreading.Butthemeatpackersrefusedtofollowthese,claimingthattheywouldbetooexpensivetoobey.However,whenafast-foodcompanymadethesamedemandsaftercustomerpurchasesofitshamburgersdropped,themeatindustryfollowedimmediately.(例如，在米国公众开始关注通过受感染的肉类传播给人类的疾病传播后，米国政府食品和药品管理局就出台规定，要求肉制品行业放弃可能涉及疾病传播风险的做法。但是，肉类加工商拒绝遵守这些规定，声称遵守规定的成本太高。然而，当一家大型快餐公司在消费者对其汉堡包的购买量大幅下降之后也提出相应的要求时，肉制品行业在几周的时间里就屈从了)”可知，针对提到的疾病，在肉类加工商拒绝遵守这些规定的前提下，一家快餐公司（施加压力）强制其肉类供应商遵守法律。故选C项。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。由第二段“Itiseasytoblameabusinessforhelpingitselfbyhurtingotherpeople.Butblamingaloneisunlikelytoproducechange.Itignoresthefactthatbusinessesarenotcharitiesbutprofit-makingcompanies,andtheyareunderobligationtomaximizeprofitsforshareholdersbylegalmeans.(对于我们来说，指责一家公司损人利己是件很容易的事情。但指责本身不会产生改变。它忽视了如下事实：企业不是慈善机构而是赚取利润的公司，而拥有股东的上市公司有义务在法律许可的范围内为股东实现利润最大化)”，第三段“Ourblamingofbusinessesalsoignorestheultimateresponsibilityofthepublicforcreatingtheconditionsthatletabusinessprofitthroughdestructiveenvironmentalpolicies.Inthelongrun,itisthepublic,eitherdirectlyorthroughitspoliticians,thathasthepowertomakesuchdestructivepoliciesunprofitableandillegal,andtomakesustainableenvironmentalpoliciesprofitable.(我们对企业的指责也忽视了公众的最终责任，是他们创造出相应的条件，让企业可以通过破坏环境的政策来赚取利润。长期来看，无论是直接参与也好，通过政客也好，只有公众才有权力让这些破坏性的政策变得无利可图或者违背法律，让可持续的环保政策能够盈利)”，第六段中的“SomereadersmaybedisappointedoroutragedthatIplacetheultimateresponsibilityforbusinesspracticesharmingthepubliconthepublicitself.(一些读者可能会感到失望或愤怒，因为我把损害公众的商业行为的最终责任推到了公众身上)”和最后一段中的“Ibelievethatchangesinpublicattitudesareessentialforchangesinbusinesses’environmentalpractices.(我认为，公众态度的改变对企业环境实践的改变至关重要)”可知，文章论述了企业通过破坏环境和伤害人们来获得利益，这是很正常的，但仅仅指责企业是没用的，还需发挥公众的作用和影响力，D项“大企业对环境造成的破坏应该受到谴责吗？”符合文意。故选D项。

第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Onlinetrainingisoneofthefastestgrowingpartsofthefitnessindustry.Ifyou’reconsideringjoiningtheonlinefitnesscommunity,considerthesebenefitsanddrawbacks.

Oneofthemostpopularreasonsforworkingoutfollowinganonlinevideoisthatitoffersultimateconvenience.Noneedtorolloutofbedat5a.m.toattendthat6a.m.bootcampclass,whichmayendupbeingfullwhenyouarrive.____16____Andwhatifyou’reontheroadNoproblem.Youcanaccessyourworkoutvideothroughyourphone.

____17____Mostonlinefitnessprogramsaremuchlessexpensivethansimilarofflineprograms—mostrangeincostfrom$10to$20permonth.Someareevenfree.ForexampletheonlineLesMills+programoffersafree30-daytrialofits1,500-plusworkouts.

Onlinetrainingalsohasbroadofferings.Whenyouheadonline,youhaveinstructorsfromaroundtheglobe,allreadyandwillingtohelpyoumasteryourfavoritemoves.____18____Justbecausethereisn’taKravMagaclassinyourareadoesn’tmeanyoucan’tgoonlinetofindoneledbyqualifiedinstructors.

Alltheseareundoubtedlypositive-onlinetrainingprovidesfitnessresourcestogeneralconsumerswherevertheyare,withoutrequiringaccesstoagymorfitnessstudio.____19____

Veryfewonlinefitnessprogramsenabletheinstructortoseeyou,checkyourform,andoffercorrectionsbasedonyourperformance.____20____Thisisparticularlyconcerningforbeginners,asthey’remorelikelytodoincorrectly.Besides,ifyoustrugglewithself-motivationandpreferasocialworkoutenvironment,onlinefitnessmaynotbeforyou.

A.Anotheristheprice.

B.Butit’snotwithoutproblems.

C.Thesamegoesfordifferenttypesofexercise.

D.However,onlinepersonaltrainingisn’tforeveryone.

E.Instead,youcanturnitonathomeatyourconvenience.

F.Thatbeingsaid,onlineworkoutsaren’tperfectwhenitcomestosafety.

G.Thismeansyoucouldperformexerciseswrongly,orevenunsafely,withoutknowingit.

【答案】16.E17.A18.C19.B20.G

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要论述了在线健身的利与弊。

【16题详解】

根据第二段的首句“Oneofthemostpopularreasonsforworkingoutfollowinganonlinevideoisthatitoffersultimateconvenience.(跟着在线视频健身最流行的原因之一是它提供了极大的便利。)”可知，本段主要介绍了在线健身的优势之一是其便捷性。同时根据空前“Noneedtorolloutofbedat5a.m.toattendthat6a.m.bootcampclass,whichmayendupbeingfullwhenyouarrive.(没有必要在早上5点从床上爬起来去参加早上6点的训练营课程，当你到达时，训练营可能会爆满。)”可知，此处提到你不必凌晨5点起床去参加6点的训练营课程，因此空处应与在线健身便利性的实际做法有关。E项“Instead,youcanturnitonathomeatyourconvenience.(相反，你可以在你方便时在家里打开课程。)”中提到的是实际的做法，符合语境。故选E。

【17题详解】

根据空后“Mostonlinefitnessprogramsaremuchlessexpensivethansimilarofflineprograms—mostrangeincostfrom$10to$20permonth.Someareevenfree.(大多数在线健身项目都比类似的线下项目便宜得多，每个月的费用从10美元到20美元不等。有些甚至免费。)”可知，本段谈论的是在线健身在价格方面的优势。A项“Anotheristheprice.(另一个是价格)”能够概括段落的主要内容，同时A项中的“Another”与第二段首句中的“One”的呼应关系亦是提示。故选A。

【18题详解】

根据第四段的首句“Onlinetrainingalsohasbroadofferings.(在线培训的内容也很广泛。)”可知，本段主要介绍的是在线健身可以提供多样的选择。同时根据空前“Whenyouheadonline,youhaveinstructorsfromaroundtheglobe,allreadyandwillingtohelpyoumasteryourfavoritemoves.(当你上网时，你有来自世界各地的教练，他们都准备好了，愿意帮助你掌握你最喜欢的动作。)”可知，网络上有来自全世界的教练已经准备好并愿意帮助你掌握你最喜欢的动作，空后“Justbecausethereisn’taKravMagaclassinyourareadoesn’tmeanyoucan’tgoonlinetofindoneledbyqualifiedinstructors.(仅仅因为你所在的地区没有KravMaga课程并不意味着你不能在网上找到一个由合格的讲师带领的课程)”提到你所在的地区没有KravMaga课程并不意味着你不能在网上找到一个。综上可知，空处应是在讲在网上能不受限制地开展多种多样的健身活动，故C项“Thesamegoesfordifferenttypesofexercise.(不同类型的运动也是如此。)”符合语境。故选C。

【19题详解】

根据第一段最后一句“Ifyou’reconsideringjoiningtheonlinefitnesscommunity,considerthesebenefitsanddrawbacks.(如果你正在考虑加入在线健身社区，考虑一下这些好处和缺点。)”可知，文章既介绍了在线健身的优势，也介绍了在线健身的劣势。上文内容介绍的是优势，最后一段“Veryfewonlinefitnessprogramsenabletheinstructortoseeyou,checkyourform,andoffercorrectionsbasedonyourperformance.(很少有在线健身项目能让教练看到你，检查你的状态，并根据你的表现给出纠正。)”介绍的是劣势。因此空处应填一个承上启下的句子，引出在线健身的不足，故B项“Butit’snotwithoutproblems.(但是，它也不是没有问题)”符合语境。故选B。

【20题详解】

根据空前“Veryfewonlinefitnessprogramsenabletheinstructortoseeyou,checkyourform,andoffercorrectionsbasedonyourperformance.(很少有在线健身项目能让教练看到你，检查你的状态，并根据你的表现给出纠正。)”和空后“Thisisparticularlyconcerningforbeginners,asthey’remorelikelytodoincorrectly.(这对初学者来说尤其重要，因为他们更可能做得不正确。)”可知，空处应是在线健身项目缺乏面对面指导的结果。G项“Thismeansyoucouldperformexerciseswrongly,orevenunsafely,withoutknowingit.(这意味着你可能在不知情的情况下错误地、甚至不安全地进行锻炼。)”说明了缺乏面对面指导的结果，故选G。

第三节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

TikTok,asocialmediaappdedicatedtoshort-formvideos,hasemergedasamajorfireroffoodtrends—frommushroomcoffeeandpancakecerealtocloudbreadandfetapasta.Butanothertrend,the#whatieatinadaytrend,isdominatingTikTok,whichisnearing9billion____21____.

Eventhough#whatieatinadaypostsmaybe____22____toserveashealthyinspirationforothers,there’sagrowingfeelingthatthesevideodiariesofdailyeatswilllikelydomoreharmthangood—especiallyamongyounggirlsorpeoplewithahistoryofdisorderedeating.

The____23____messagethesepostssendisthatifyoueatlikethem,thenyoucaneventuallylooklikethem.Yetwhatsomeoneelseeatsinadaydoesn’tmeanit’srightforyou,sincethese“____24____”videosarenotacompletelyaccuraterepresentationofwhatsomeonetypicallyeats.

Oftentheoverlystylized(程式化)mealsdonot____25____anutritionallyadequatediet.Thepostsare____26____theillusion(幻想)ofanidealdayofeating,alongwithanidealbodysize.

Youngeraudiences,especiallygirlsandyoungwomen,internalizethemessagethattheymusteatlikethesecreatorstoachieveandmaintainnotonlyhealth,butalsosocial____27____.Thebiggestharmwiththistrendisthatitnormalizesdisorderedor____28____eatingbehaviors.Thiscouldpreventsomeonestrugglingwithaneatingdisorderfrom____29____supportortreatment.

Evenifthe#whatieatinadaypostsaredisplayinga______30______dayofeating,thesubtextmessageof“eatlikeme,andyouwilllooklikeme”isharmfulbecausepeoplewillnotnecessarilyachievethesamebodysizeasthe______31______eveniftheycopiedtheirdayofeatingbiteforbite.

______32______,whatmightbeahealthy,adequatedayofsatisfyingmealsforonepersonmaybeinadequateandunsatisfyingtoanother.Evenworse,someonelookingatthesepostsmayconcludethattheyneedtobeeatinghalfasmuchto______33______.

Peoplemakingthesevideosareoverwhelminglythin,young,able-bodiedandwhite.T