2023年高二暑假话题阅读专练（词汇积累）：动物（含解析）

第第页2023年高二暑假话题阅读专练（词汇积累）：动物（含解析）2023年高二暑假话题阅读专练（词汇积累）：动物

（共4题）

一、阅读理解题（共4题）

Pangolins(穿山甲),theworld’sonlymammalswithscales(鳞片),haveexistedonearthforabout60millionyears.Pangolinsareverysensitivecreaturesandmostofthemdon'tlikestayingindoors.Inthewild,they'reslowtoreproduceandgivebirthtoonlyonebabyatatime.Pangolinsarealoneandshy—nearlyimpossibleforeventhemostdevotedfieldresearcherstocatchsightof.

However,overrecenttenyears,theirwildpopulationhasdecreasedgreatly.MorethanamillionpangolinsarebelievedtohavebeentakenfromthewildinAsiaandAfrica.InthefirsteightdaysofApril2023alone,authoritiescaughttwo14-tonshipmentsofpangolinscalesinSingapore,representingabout72,000animalsandworthacombined$90million.InFebruary,Malaysianseizeda33-tonshipmentofmostlywhole,frozenpangolins.

"Thepresentscaleoftradecoulddrivethisspeciestoextinction,"saidanIndianofficial.

Iftheillegalpangolintradecontinuesatsuchhighlevels,it'sthoughtthatanother10yearsmightseethemdieoutaltogether.Thetradeiscausedbyaseriesoffactors,butthefactthatthelocalgovernmentdoesn'tmakestrictlawsagainstitplaysamajorrole.

Anotherbigchallengefacingpangolinsisthatsofewpeopleknowwhattheyareandwhythey'reinsuchdanger.AsNationalGeographicPhotoArkphotographerJoelSartoresays,"Youwon'tsavewhatyoudon'tlove."

(1)AccordingtoParagraph1,pangolins______.

A．areraremammalsB．likelivingindoors

C．areoutgoingbutsensitiveD．areeasilyfoundinthewild

(2)Whatisthemainreasonforpangolins'trade

A．PeopleinAfricalikehuntingpangolins.

B．Strictlawsagainstithaven'tbeenmade.

C．Pangolins'populationisincreasingrapidly.

D．Pangolinshaveexistedonearthforalongtime.

(3)WhatistheIndianofficial’sattitudetowardsthescalesoftrade

A．Uncaring.B．Puzzled.C．Supportive.D．Worried.

(4)Whatisthemainideaofthetext

A．PangolinsarehuntedinAsia.

B．Pangolinsarefacingextinction.

C．PeoplearetryingtosavePangolinsoutoflove.

D．ManycountriesaretakingactiontoprotectPangolins.

CandogsandcatsliveinperfectharmonyinthesamehomePeoplewhoarethinkingaboutadoptingadogasafriendfortheircatsareworriedthattheywillfight.Arecentresearchhasfoundanewrecipeofsuccess.Accordingtothestudy,ifthecatisadoptedbeforethedog,andiftheyareintroducedwhenstillyoung(lessthan6monthsforcats,ayearfordogs),itishighlyprobablethatthetwopetswillgetalongswimmingly.Two-thirdsofthehomesinterviewedreportedapositiverelationshipbetweentheircatanddog.

However,itwasn'tallsweetnessandlight.Therewasareportedcoldnessbetweenthecatanddogin25%ofthehomes,whileaggressionandfightingwereobservedin10%ofthehomes.Onereasonforthisisprobablythatsomeoftheirbodysignalswerejustopposite.Forexample,whenacatturnsitsheadawayitsignalsaggression,whileadogdoingthesamesignalssubmission.

Inhomeswithcatsanddogslivingpeacefully,researchersobservedasurprisingbehaviour.Theyarelearninghowtotalkeachother'slanguage.Itisasurprisethatcatscanlearnhowtotalk'Dog',anddogscanlearnhowtotalk'Cat'.What'sinterestingisthatbothcatsanddogshaveappearedtodeveloptheirintelligence.Theycanlearnhowtoreadeachother'sbodysignals,suggestingthatthetwomayhavemoreincommonthanwepreviouslysuspected.Oncefamiliarwitheachother'spresenceandbodylanguage,catsanddogscanplaytogether,greeteachothernosetonose,andenjoysleepingtogetheronthesofa.Theycaneasilysharethesamewaterbowlandinsomecasesgroom(梳理)eachother.

Thesignificanceoftheresearchoncatsanddogsmaygobeyondpets─topeoplewhodon'tgetalong,includingneighbors,colleaguesatwork,andevenworldsuperpowers.Ifcatsanddogscanlearntogetalong,surelypeoplehaveagoodchance.

(1)Theunderlinedword"swimmingly"inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto_____.

A．earlyB．sweetlyC．quicklyD．smoothly

(2)Somecatsanddogsmayfightwhen_____.

A．theyarecoldtoeachother

B．theylookawayfromeachother

C．theymisunderstoodeachother'ssignals

D．theyareintroducedatanearlyage

(3)Whatisfoundsurprisingaboutcatsanddogs

A．Theyeatandsleepeachother.

B．Theyobserveeachother'sbehaviors.

C．Theylearntospeakeachother'slanguage.

D．Theyknowsomethingfromeachother'svoices.

(4)ItissuggestedinParagraph4thatcatsanddogs_____.

A．havecommoninterests

B．arelessdifferentthanwasthought

C．haveacommonbodylanguage

D．arelessintelligentthanwasexpected

(5)Whatcanwehumanbeingslearnfromcatsanddogs

A．Weshouldlearntoliveinharmony.

B．Weshouldknowmoreaboutanimals.

C．Weshouldliveinpeacewithanimals.

D．Weshouldlearnmorebodylanguages.

Fromoldtimes,crows(乌鸦)havebeenfamousfortheircleverness.Theyusetools,workoutproblems,andevenenjoyplaying.Scientistshavestudiedcarefullyhowcrowsgoabouttheseactivities.

Tomaketools,crowscutoffleaveswiththeir"mouths",shapethem,andusethemtolookforbugs(虫子)inwoodorplants.Justasacarpentercarrieshistoolswithhim,acrowwillcarryitstoolaround.Whentheleafisn'tneededforthemoment,thebirdstoresthetoolatitsfeetorsomewhereelse.

Totestwildcrows'abilitiestoworkoutproblems,scientistsplacedfoodoutdoorsincoveredbowls.Theywatchedwithinterestasthebirdssmartlyopenedthebowlstogetthefood.Scientistsalsofoundoutthatcrowscanmakeuseofthetraffic.Forexample,crowswoulddropanutontheroadandwaitforacartorunoverthenuttobreakit.

Besides,crowsseemtoenjoyplaying.Youngcrowswillcarryastickornutintotheair,dropit,andflytocatchtheobjectasitfalls.

SojusthowsmartarecrowsPerhapsacrowwillneverdotricksasadogwill.Butscientistsagreethatthere'salotgoingoninthebrainofaclevercrow.

(1)WelearnfromParagraph2thatacrowmaystorethe_____atitsfeetorsomewhereelse.

A．leafB．mouthC．woodD．bowl

(2)Whydidscientistsplacefoodoutdoorsincoveredbowls

A．Totestwhethercrowsmaketools.

B．Totestwhethercrowsenjoyplaying.

C．Totesthowmuchcrowslikethefood.

D．Totesthowcrowsworkoutproblems.

(3)Whatdoesthispassagemainlydiscuss

A．Thetricksofcrows.B．Thefoodsofcrows.

C．Thehappinessofcrows.D．Theclevernessofcrows.

Forcenturieshumansbelievedtheoceanwassovastthatitwasimpossibletodoitmeasurableharm.Butwenowknowhumanactivitiescandestroymarine(海洋的)habitats,dangerouslypolluteseawaterandmakeseaenvironmentsmoreacidic.Overharvestinghasevendirectlypushedmanyoceanspeciesintotheespeciallyendangeredcategory.ThispastMarch,thesmoothhandfish(光滑手鱼)officiallybecamethefirstmodern-daymarinefishtobedeclaredextinct.

Handfishareafamilyof14unusualbottom-livingspecies.Unlikemostotherfishes,theydonothavealarvalphase(幼虫期)anddonotmovearoundverymuchasadults;thesefeaturesmakethemsensitivetoenvironmentalchanges,accordingtoGrahamEdgar,amarineecologistattheUniversityofTasmania.ThesmoothhandfishwasoncecommonenoughtobeoneofthefirstfishspeciesdescribedbyEuropeanexplorersinAustralia.Nownonehasbeenreportedinoveracentury.TheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN)RedListguidelinesofficiallydefine"extinct"asmeaning"thereisnoreasonabledoubtthatthelastindividualhasdied."EdgarandthemembersofAustralia'sNationalHandfishRecoveryTeamwereforcedtothatconclusionearlierthisyear,anditwasplacedintheextinctcategory.

Scientistsareunsureexactlywhatfinishedoffthespecies,butothersintheregionarethreatenedbytrawlfishing(拖网捕鱼),pollutionandclimatechange.Edgarsaysadditionalmarinefishspeciesmayalreadybeextinctaswell,andmanymoreareendangered."Itmightbehardtoimaginewhyalittleorganisminaplacethatfewhumansevervisitmightbeimportant,"saysKatieMatthews,chiefscientistforthenon-profitconservationgroupOceana."Butbiodiversitymatters,evenifyoucan'tseeitwithyourowneyes."

Ideally,thisnewswillbeasadwakeupcall:"Someremainingspeciesofhandfishareendangered,"Matthewssays,"butwithsmartactionwecanlessenthosethreats."

(1)Accordingtothetext,whichisNOTtheproblemscausedbyhumanactivitiestotheocean

A．Thehabitatsofmarinecreaturesaredamaged.

B．Theseawaterisheavilypolluted.

C．Thehandfishareextinctcompletely.

D．Theseacontainsmoreacidthanbefore.

(2)Whatdoestheword"it"underlinedinParagraph2referto

A．NationalHandfishRecoveryTeam.

B．IUCNRedlist.

C．Thebottom-livingspecies.

D．Thesmoothhandfish.

(3)WhatcanweinferaboutmarineconservationaccordingtoKatieMatthews

A．Somespeciesinrarelyvisitedplacesareoflittleimportance.

B．Measuresshouldbetakentomaintainthediversityofspecies.

C．Itistoolatetoprotecttheendangeredhandfish.

D．Additionalmarinefishspeciesmaybecomeextinctorendangered.

(4)Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext

A．HumanActivities.B．AMarineFishExtinction.

C．SpeciesDiversityConservation.D．MarineProtection.

答案

一、阅读理解题（共4题）

1.【答案】

(1)A

(2)B

(3)D

(4)B

【解析】

(1)这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了穿山甲这种野生动物，并重点说明了由于非法买卖导致了这一物种数量急剧减少，濒临灭绝的现状。

细节理解题。由第一段中关键句“Pangolins(穿山甲),theworld'sonlymammalswithscales(鳞片),haveexistedonearthforabout60millionyears.”可知，穿山甲是世界上仅有的带鳞片的哺乳动物，也就是说穿山甲是稀有的哺乳动物。故选A项。

(2)细节理解题。由第四段中关键句“Thetradeiscausedbyaseriesoffactors,butthefactthatthelocalgovernmentdoesn'tmakestrictlawsagainstitplaysamajorrole.”可知，当地政府没有制定反对穿山甲买卖的法律是导致穿山甲买卖发生的主要原因。故选B项。

(3)推理判断题。由第三段内容"Thepresentscaleoftradecoulddrivethisspeciestoextinction,"saidanIndianofficial.可知，这位印度官员认为以这种交易规模发展下去，会导致这一物种灭绝。可以从他的话中推断出，他对这种非法买卖的现状是非常担心的。故选D项。

(4)主旨大意题。浏览全文，由第三段中印度官员的话“Thepresentscaleoftradecoulddrivethisspeciestoextinction”目前的贸易规模可能会导致这种物种灭绝。和第四段中关键句“Iftheillegalpangolintradecontinuesatsuchhighlevels,it’sthoughtthatanother10yearsmightseethemdieoutaltogether.”如果非法穿山甲贸易继续保持如此高的水平，人们认为再过10年