大学英语四级考试真题及答案

2016年12月大学英语四级考试真题（第一套）

PartIWriting(30minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试

)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessay.Supposeyouhavetwooptionsupon

graduation:oneistotakeajobinacompanyandtheothertogotoagraduateschool.Youaretomakeachoice

betweenthetwo.Writeanessaytoexplainthereasonsforyourchoice.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutno

morethan180words.

Muchcontroversyhasbeenarousedaboutwhetherthestudentsshouldfindajoborstarttheirownbusiness

aftergraduation.Takingalookaround,wecanfindthatsomegraduatesbustlearoundjobmarkets,whileothers

choosetorunashoponTMall.However,Iprefertheformerchoice.

Frommyperspective,therearegoodreasonstofindajobinthefirstseveralyearsaftertheirgraduation.

Firstandforemost,ifagraduateintendstoaccumulateworkingexperienceandlearnfromtheseniors,itisadvisablefor

himtofindajob.Itisanundeniablefactthatthetheoreticalknowledgewillprovidethegraduateswiththeabilityto

considerthingscomprehensively,however,onlyundertheintegrationwithpracticecantherigidknowledgebeuseful

fortheirfuturedevelopment.Inevitably,doingsomethingsmallisthepremiseofundertakingsomethinggreat.Take

JackMa,thefounderofAlibabaandtaobao,forexample.Healsofindssomejobsbeforeestablishinghisowncareer,

layingasolidfoundationforhislatersuccess.

Consequently,itisofgreatnecessitytofindajobaftergraduation.Ifirmlybelievethatitwillcontinuetobring

aboutmorereturnstoourlifeandfuture.

PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoor

threequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmust

choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAn

swerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

【答案】C

2.A)Astorm.

B)Astrike.

C)Aforestfire.

D)Aterroristattack.

【答案】A

Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

3.A)Theylostcontactwiththeemergencydepartment.

B)Theywereinjuredbysuddenlyfallingrocks.

C)Theysentcallsforhelpviaaportableradio.

D)Theyweretrappedinanundergroundelevator.

【答案】D

4.A)Theyprovidedtheminerswithfoodandwater.

B)Theysentsuppliestokeeptheminerswarm.

C)Theyreleasedthedetailsoftheaccident.

D)Theytriedhardtorepairtheelevator.

【答案】B

Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

5.A)Raisepostagerates.

B)Improveitsservices.

C)Closesomeofitspostoffices.

D)Redesigndeliveryroutes.

【答案】C

6.A)Closingofficesonholidays.

B)Shorteningbusinesshours.

C)Computerizingmailsortingprocesses.

D)Manypostofficestaffwilllosetheirjobs.

【答案】D

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhear

fourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmust

choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B)yC)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAn

swerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

8.A)Hewilllosepartofhispay.

B)Hewillgothroughretraining.

C)Hewillbegivenawarning.

D)Hewillbekeptfrompromotion.

【答案】A

9.A)Heisanexperieneedpressoperator.

B)Heisatrustworthyguy.

C)Heisalwaysontime.

D)Heisongoodtermswithhisworkmates.

【答案】B

10.A)Sheisatradeunionrepresentative.

B)Sheisaseniormanageroftheshop.

C)Sheisbetterathandlingsuchmatters.

D)Sheisinchargeofpublicrelations.

【答案】C

Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

12.A)Open.

B)Reserved.

C)Selfish.

D)Friendly.

【答案】B

13.A)Theyreadabook.

B)Theytalkabouttheweather.

C)Theystayquiet.

D)Theychatwithfellowpassengers.

【答案】C

14.A)Shewasunwillingtomakefriendswithworkmates.

B)Shewasneverinvitedtoacolleague'shome.

C)ShewaseagertovisitanEnglishcastle.

D)Shewasalwaystreatedasaforeigner.

【答案】B

15.A)Housesaremuchmorequiet.

B)Theywanttohavemorespace.

C)Theywantagardenoftheirown.

D)Housesprovidemoreprivacy.

【答案】D

SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfour

C)Theyarelikelytogetmuchhigherpay.

D)Theydon'thavemuchchoiceofjobs.

【答案】A

17.A)Visittheschoolcareersservice.

B)Asktheirprofessorsforhelp.

C)Lookatschoolbulletinboards.

D)Gothroughcampusnewspapers.

【答案】A

18.A)Providingstudentswithinformationaboutthelibrary.

B)Helpingstudentsarrangeappointmentswithlibrarians.

C)Supervisingstudyspacestoensureaquietatmosphere.

D)Helpingstudentsfindthebooksandjournalstheyneed.

【答案】C

Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

19.A)Ittastesbetter.

B)Itmaybesoldatahigherprice.

C)Itiseasiertogrow.

D)Itcanbettersurviveextremeweathers.

【答案】B

20.A)Itcangrowindriersoil.

B)Itisimmunetovariousdiseases.

C)Itwillreplacegreenteaoneday.

D)Itishealthierthangreentea.

【答案】D

21.A)Itdoesnothaveastablemarket.

22.A)Theycaremoreaboutenvironment.

B)Theydecoratetheirhomesthemselves.

C)Theypreferuniqueobjectsofhighquality.

D)Theyneeddecorationstoshowtheirstatus.

【答案】C

23.A)Theymadegreatcontributionstosociety.

B)Theycouldonlytrytocreateatnight.

C)Theywereproudoftheircreations.

D)Theyfocusedonthequalityoftheirproducts.

【答案】B

24.A)Identifyfakecrafts.

B)Makewisechoices.

C)Toarousepublicinterestincrafts.

D)Toboostthelocaleconomy.

【答案】B

25.A)Toattractforeigninvestments.

B)Topreservethetraditionalculture.

C)Designhandicraftsthemselves.

D)Learntheimportaneeofcreation.

【答案】D

PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblank

fromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemaking

27.____

A)abnormal

B)applied

C)briefly

D)categorizing

E)challenges

F)figure

G)percentage

H)proving

I)

regardless

J)searched

K)similarities

L)slightly

M)suggests

N)tastes

O)traditional

Andwhatdidtheyfind?Notmuch.Ratherthanofferevideneefor__28__brainsas"male"

or

"female,"researchshowsthatbrainsfallintoawiderange,withmostpeoplefallingrightinthemiddle.

28.____

A)abnormal

B)applied

C)briefly

D)categorizing

E)challenges

F)figure

G)percentage

H)proving

I)

regardless

J)searched

K)similarities

L)slightly

A)abnormal

B)applied

C)briefly

D)categorizing

E)challenges

F)figure

G)percentage

H)proving

I)

regardless

J)searched

K)similarities

L)slightly

M)suggests

N)tastes

O)traditional

Whilethe"average"maleand"average"femalebrainswere__30__different,youcouldn'ttellitbylooking

atindividualbrainscans.Onlyasmall__31__ofpeoplehad"all-male"or"all-female"characteristics.

30.___

31.___

A)abnormal

B)applied

C)briefly

D)categorizing

E)challenges

F)figure

G)percentage

N)tastes

O)traditional

LarryCahill,anAmericanneuroscientist(神经科学家),saidthestudyisanimportantadditiontoagrowingbodyof

researchquestioning__32__beliefsaboutgenderandbrainfunction.Buthecautionedagainstconcludingfromthis

studythatallbrainsarethesame,__33__ofgender.

32.___

33.___

A)abnormal

B)applied

C)briefly

D)categorizing

E)challenges

F)figure

G)percentage

H)proving

I)

regardless

J)searched

K)similarities

L)slightly

M)suggests

N)tastes

O)traditional

"There'samountainofevidenee__34__theimportaneeofsexinfluencesatalllevelsofbrainfunction,

MhetoldTheSeattleTimes.

34.___

G)percentage

H)proving

I)

regardless

J)searched

K)similarities

L)slightly

M)suggests

N)tastes

O)traditional

Ifanything,hesaid,thestudy__35__thatgenderplaysaveryimportantroleinthebrain

arenotclearexactlyhow."

evenwhenwe

35.____

A)abnormal

B)applied

C)briefly

D)categorizing

E)challenges

F)figure

G)percentage

H)proving

I)

regardless

J)searched

K)similarities

L)slightly

M)suggests

N)tastes

IIfindplentyofstrongopinionsaboutthepotentialvulnerabilitiesofpopularhome-securitysystems.

B)Themostlikelytypeofburglary(入室盗窃)byfaristheunsophisticatedcrimeofopportunity,usuallyinvolving

abrokenwindoworsomeforcedentry.AccordingtotheFBI,crimesliketheseaccountedforroughlytwo-thirdsofall

householdburglariesintheUSin2013.Thewidemajorityoftherestwereillegal,unforcedentriesthatresultedfrom

somethinglikeawindowbeingleftopen.Theoddsofcriminalusingtechnicalmeanstobypassasecuritysystemareso

smallthattheFBIdoesn'teventrackthosestatistics.

C)Oneofthemaintheoreticalhome-securityconcernsiswhetherornotagivensystemisvulnerableto

beingblockedfromworkingaltogether.Withwiredsetups,thefearisthataburglar(

入室盗贼)mightbeableto

shutyoursystemdownsimplybycuttingtherightcable.Withawirelesssetup,youstickbattery-poweredsensorsup

aroundyourhomethatkeepaneyeonwindows,doors,motion,andmore.Iftheydetectsomethingwrongwhilethe

systemisarmed,they'lltransmitawirelessalertsignaltoabasestationthatwillthenraisethealarm.Thatapproach

willeliminatemostcord-cuttingconcerns—butwhatabouttheirwirelessequivalent,jamming?Withtherightdevice

tunedtotherightfrequency,what'stostopathieffromjammingyoursetupandblockingthatalertsignalfromever

reachingthebasestation?

D)Jammingconcernsarenothingnew,andthey'renotuniquetosecuritysystems.Anydevicethat'sbuiltto

receiveawirelesssignalataspecificfrequencycanbeoverwhelmedbyastrongersignalcominginonthesame

frequency.Forcomparison,let'ssayyouwantedto""aconversationbetweentwopeople—allyou'dneed

jam

todoisyellinthelistener'sear.

E)Securitydevicesarerequiredtolistthefrequenciestheybroadcaston—thatmeansthatapotentialthief

canfindwhattheyneedtoknowwithminimalGoogling.Theywill,however,needtoknowwhatsystemtheyrelooking

'

for.Ifyouhaveasigninyouryarddeclaringwhatsetupyouuse,thatdpointthemintherightdirection,thoughatthat

'

point,we'retalkingaboutahighlytargeted,semi-sophisticatedattack,andnotthesortofforced-entryattackthat

makesupthemajorityofburglaries.It'seasiertofindandacquirejammingequipmentforsomefrequenciesthanitis

forothers.

F)Wirelesssecurityproviderswilloftentakestepstohelpcombatthethreatofjammingattacks.SimpliSafe,

terfereneetoourtestlab,wetestedtheattackoutforourselves,andwereabletoverifythatitispossiblewiththeright

equipment.However,wealsoverifiedthatSimpliSafe'santi-jammingsystemworks.Itcaughtusintheact,sentan

alerttomysmartphone,andalsolistedourRFinterfereneeonthesystem'seventlog.Theteambehindthearticleand

videoinquestionmakenomentionofthesystem,orwhetherornotitdetectedthem.

H)Weliketheuniquenatureofthatsoftware.Itmeansthatathieflikelywouldn'tbeabletoGooglehowthe

systemworks,thenfigureoutawayarounditEveniftheycould,SimpliSafeclaimsthatitssystemisalwaysevolving,

andthatitvariesslightlyfromsystemtosystem,whichmeanstherewouldntbeauniversalmagicformulaforcracking

'

itOthersystemsalsoseemconfidentonthesubjectofjamming.TheteamatFrontpointaddressestheissueinablog

onitssite,citingtheirownjamprotectionsoftwareandclaimingthattherearen'tanydocumentedcasesofa

successfuljamattacksineethecompanybeganofferingwirelesssecuritysensorsinthe1980s.

I)Jammingattacksareabsolutelypossible.Assaidbefore,withtherightequipmentandtherightknow-how,'it

spossibletojamanywirelesstransmission.Buthowprobableisitthatsomeonewillsuccessfullyjamtheirwayinto

yourhomeandstealyourstuff?

J)Let'simaginethatyouliveinasmallhomewithawirelesssecuritysetupthatoffersafunctionalanti-jamming

system.First,athiefisgoingtoneedtotargetyourhome,specifically.Then,he'sgoingtoneedtoknowthetechnical

detailsofyoursystemandacquirethespecificequipmentnecessaryforjammingyourspecificsetup.Presumably,you

keepyourdoorslockedatnightandwhileyou'reaway,sothethiefwillstillneedtobreak

in.Thatmeansdefeatingthelocksomehow,orbreakingawindow.He'llneedtobejammingyouatthispoint,asa

brokenwindoworopeneddoorwouldnormallyreleasethealarm.So,too,wouldthemotiondetectorsinyourhome,

sothethiefwillneedtocontinuejammingoncehe'sinsideandsearchingforthingstosteal.However,he'llneed

todosowithouttrippingtheanti-jammingsystem,thedetailsofwhichhealmostcertainlydoesnothaveaccessto.

K)Attheendoftheday,thesekindsofsystemsareprimarilydesignedtoprotectagainstthesortofopportuni

sticsmash-and-grabattackthatmakesupthemajorityofburglaries.They'realsoonlyasinglelayerinwhatshould

ideallybeamany-sidedapproachtosecuringyourhome,onethatincludescommonsensethingslikesoundlocksand

【答案】I

37」nterferingwithawirelesssecuritysystemissimilartointerferingwithaconversation.

【答案】D

38.Aburglarhastocontinuouslyjamthewirelesssecuritydevicetoavoidtriggeringthealarm,bothinsideand

outsidethehouse.

【答案】J

39.SimpliSafeprovidesdevicesthatareabletodistinguishincidentalradiointerfereneefromtargetedjamming

attacks.

【答案】F

40.Onlyaverysmallproportionofburglariesarecommittedbytechnicalmeans.

【答案】B

41.ItisdifficulttocrackSimpliSafeasitssystemkeepschanging.

【答案】H

42.Wirelessdeviceswilltransmitsignalssoastoactivatethealarmoncesomethingwrongisdetected.

【答案】C

43.Differentmeasuresshouldbetakentoprotectone'shomefromburglaryinadditiontothewirelesssecurity

system.

【答案】K

44.SimpliSafe'sdevicecansendawarningtothehouseowner'scellphone.

【答案】G

45.Burglarscaneasilygetasecuritydevice'sfrequencybyInternetsearch.

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Asapersonwhowritesaboutfoodanddrinkforaliving,Icouldn'ttellyouthefirstthingaboutBillPerryor

whetherthebeershesellsarethatgreat.ButIcantellyouthatIlikethisguy.That'sbecauseheplanstobantipping

infavorofpayinghisserversanactuallivingwage.

Ihatetipping.

Ihateitbecauseit'sanobligationdisguisedasanoption.Ihateitforthepost-dinnermathitrequiresofme.But

mostly,IhatetippingbecauseIbelieveIwouldbeinabetterplaceifpaydecisionsregardingemployeesweresimplyleft

uptotheiremployers,asisthecustominvirtuallyeveryotherindustry.

Mostofyouprobablythinkthatyouhatetipping,too.Researchsuggestsotherwise.Youactuallylovetipping!You

liketofeelthatyouhaveavoiceinhowmuchmoneyyourservermakes.Nomatterhowthemathworksout,you

persistentlyviewrestaurantswithvoluntarytippingsystemsasbeingabettervalue,whichmakesitextremelydifficult

forrestaurantsandbarstodoawaywiththetippingsystem.

Oneargumentthatyoutendtohearalotfromthepro-tippingcrowdseemslogicalenough:theserviceisbetter

whenwaitersdependontips,presumablybecausetheyseeabenefittosuccessfullyveilingtheircontemptforyou.

Well,ifthisweretrue,wewouldallbeslippingafew100-dollarbillstoourdoctorsonthewayouttheirdoors,too.But

asitturnsout,waitersseeonlyatinybumpintipswhentheydoanexceptionaljobcomparedtoapassableone.Waiters,

keenobserversofhumanitythattheyare,arecatchingontothis;inonepoll,afull30%saidtheydidnbelievethejob

't

theydidhadanyimpactonthetipstheyreceived.

Socomeon,folks:getonboardwithditchingtheoutdatedtipsystem.Payalittlemoreup-frontforyour

beerorburger.SupportBillPerry'spub,andanyotherbarorrestaurantthatdoesn'taskyoutododrunkenmath.

46.WhatcanwelearnaboutBillPerryfromthepassage?

A)Herunsapubthatservesexcellentbeer.

B)Heintendstogetridofthetippingpractice.

C)Hegiveshisstaffaconsiderablesumfortips.

D)Helivescomfortablywithoutgettinganytips.

D)Itposesagreatchallengeforcustomerstodomath.

【答案】C

48.Whydomanypeoplelovetippingaccordingtotheauthor?

A)Theyhelpimprovethequalityoftherestaurantstheydinein.

B)Theybelievewaitersdeservesuchrewardsforgoodservice.

C)Theywanttopreserveawonderfultraditionoftheindustry.

D)Theycanhavesomesayinhowmuchtheirserversearn.

【答案】D

49.Whathavesomewaiterscometorealizeaccordingtoasurvey?

A)Servicequalityhaslittleeffectontipsize.

B)Itisinhumannaturetotrytosaveontips.

C)Tipsmakeitmoredifficulttopleasecustomers.

D)Tipsbenefitthebossratherthantheemployees.

【答案】A

50.Whatdoestheauthorargueforinthepassage?

A)Restaurantsshouldcalculatethetipsforcustomers.

B)Customersshouldpaymoretipstohelpimproveservice.

C)Waitersdeservebetterthanjustrelyingontipsforaliving.

D)Waitersshouldbepaidbyemployersinsteadofcustomers.

【答案】D

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Inthepast,fallingoilpriceshavegivenaboosttotheworldeconomy,butrecentforecastsforglobalgrowthhave

beentoneddown,evenasoilpricessinklowerandlower.Doesthatmeanthelinkbetweenloweroilpricesand

gains?Notnecessarily,sayseconomicresearcherSaraJohnson."Manyoilproducersbuiltuphugereservefunds

whenpriceswerehigh,sowhenpricesfalltheywilldrawontheirreservestosupportgovernmentspendingand

subsidies(补贴占)fortheirconsumers."

Butnotalloilproducershavebigreserves.InVenezuela,collapsingoilpriceshavesentitseconomyinto

free-fall.

EconomistCarlWeinbergbelievesthenegativeeffectsofplungingoilpricesareoverwhelmingthepositive

effectsofcheaperoil.Theimplicationisasharpdeclineinglobaltrade,whichhasplungedpartlybecauseoilproducing

nationscan'taffordtoimportasmuchastheyusedto.

SaraJohnsonacknowledgesthattheglobaleconomicbenefitfromafallinoilpricestodayislikelylowerthan

itwasinthepast.Onereasonisthatmorecountriesarebigoilproducersnow,sothenationssufferingfromtheprices

dropaccountforalargershareoftheglobaleconomy.

Consumers,intheU.S.atleast,areactingcautiouslywiththesavingsthey'regettingatthegaspump,asthe

memoryoftherecentgreatrecessionisstillfreshintheirmind.Andanumberofoil-producingcountriesaretrimming

theirgasolinesubsidiesandraisi