2022-2023学年北京市西城区高二下学期期末考试英语试卷（原卷版+解析版无听力音频无听力原文）

第第页2022-2023学年北京市西城区高二下学期期末考试英语试卷（原卷版+解析版，无听力音频无听力原文）北京市西城区2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试

英语

第Ⅰ卷(共80分)

I.听力理解（共三节，30分）

第一节:(共4小题;每小题2分，共8分)

听下面四段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听一遍。

1.WhatwilltheweatherbelikeonSaturday

A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Cloudy.

2.Howwillthemanexercise

A.Walk.B.Playfootball.C.Jog.

3.WhatwillthespeakersdoonSundayafternoon

A.Makeanewpizza.

B.Dosomegardening.

C.Attendabook-launchevent.

4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout

A.Akindoffood.B.Acloserelative.C.Anewrestaurant.

第二节:（共6小题；每小题2分，共12分）

听下面三段对话，每段对话后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听两遍。

听第5段材料，回答第5至第6小题。

5.Whatwillthewomanbuyforherdaughter

A.Ahat.B.Aschoolbag.C.Asetofdishes.

6.Whichfloorwillthewomangotofirst

A.Thesecondfloor.B.Thethirdfloor.C.Thesixthfloor.

听第6段材料，回答第7至第8小题。

7.Wherearethespeakers

A.Inthemountains.B.Attheairport.C.Onaplane.

8.Howdoesthemanfeelabouthistrip

A.Sad.B.Nervous.C.Interested.

听第7段材料，回答第9至第10小题。

9.Whatistheman

A.Atravelagent.B.ATVhost.C.Amarketingmanager.

10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout

A.Thewoman’svolunteerexperiences.

B.Thewoman’scareerplans.

C.Thewoman’stravelstories.

第三节：（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

听下面一段独白，根据题目要求在相应的横线上写下第11题至第15题的关键信息。每小题仅填写一个词。这段独白你将听两遍。

HowtoImproveCommunicationwithYourParents

Maketimetohave11conversations.●Talktoyourparentsaboutyoureverydaylife.●12themtosharehowtheirdaywentorwhattheyareworkingon.●Callthematleastthreetimesaweekorvideochatfrequently.

Beopenand13.●Ifanissueisimportanttoyou,bringitup.●Avoidgettingtrappedintheblamegame.●Allowtimeforthemtorespondandsharehowtheyfeel.

Usesometechniquestofacilitatedifficultconversations.●Takea14.●Listentoyourparents’needsorwants.●Expressyour15.

II.完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

TheBelfastcommunitywasbusyhelpingadeafwomanfindherbeloveddog“Ruthie”thepastcoupleofdays.

Ruthiewent____1____severaldaysagowhenshejumpedoutofthecarwearingherretractableleash(伸缩皮带).MarinaDelune,her____2____,postedonhercommunitywebsitethatsheneededhelplookingforherlostdog.Shethoughtonlyafewpeoplewould____3____.Soshewassurprisedwhenhelpstartedtopourin.“TheresponsethatIgotwasliterallyoverwhelming,”Marinasaid.“Itwasextraordinary.Icouldn’teven____4____alltheresponses.”

AdoctornamedKimberlyMitchellheadedtoMarina’shousetohelpherout.Whenshepulledintothedriveway,shesensedthatRuthiewasjustnearby.Despitethecoldrain,Kimberly____5____theyard.Lateronsheexpandedher____6____totheneighbors’yards,but____7____cameupempty-handed.

Itwasdarkbythetimesheroundedthecornerofaneighbor’shouseandsawasmallholeinthebottomoftheirdeck.Kimberlyusedhercellphoneflashlighttolookaroundinthedarkness.“Rightthereunderthedeck,I____8____herlittleface.Shewaslookingrightatme.”

ItturnedoutRuthie’sleashwasstuck.Thehouse’sowner,CollinBrewsterCunning,crawledunderthedeckand____9____her.ThereunionofRuthieandMarinawasnothingbutemotional.MarinacriedandheldontoRuthieandhertworescuers.“Wewereinathree-way____10____withRuthieinthemiddle.Itwasabsolutelyamazing,”Kimberlysaid.

1.A.racingB.missingC.cryingD.hunting

2.A.doctorB.neighborC.ownerD.driver

3.A.returnB.respondC.researchD.remember

4.A.keepupwithB.putupwithC.comeupwithD.endupwith

5.A.crossedB.checkedC.cleanedD.visited

6.A.planB.serviceC.programD.search

7.A.onceB.evenC.stillD.only

8.A.sawB.hidC.coveredD.studied

9.A.foundB.caughtC.freedD.located

10.A.tieB.contestC.dealD.hug

【答案】1.B2.C3.B4.A5.B6.D7.C8.A9.C10.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了贝尔法斯特社区的人们帮助一位聋哑妇女寻到她心爱的狗“露丝”的故事。

【1题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：露丝几天前失踪了，当时她戴着可伸缩的皮带从车里跳了出来。A.racing比赛；B.missing错过、失踪（的）；C.crying哭泣；D.hunting打猎。根据上文“TheBelfastcommunitywasbusyhelpingadeafwomanfindherbeloveddog“Ruthie”thepastcoupleofdays.(贝尔法斯特社区在过去的几天里忙着帮助一位聋哑妇女寻找她心爱的狗“露丝”)”可知，露丝失踪了。故选B。

【2题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的主人玛丽娜·德鲁恩在她的社区网站上发帖说，她需要帮助寻找她丢失的狗。A.doctor医生；B.neighbor邻居；C.owner主人、所有者；D.driver司机。根据后文“sheneededhelplookingforherlostdog”可知，MarinaDelune是狗的主人，故选C。

【3题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：她以为只有少数人会回应。A.return返回；B.respond回答、回应；C.research研究；D.remember记得。根据上文“postedonhercommunitywebsite”可知，此处指对帖子的回应。后文“alltheresponses”也是提示。故选B。

【4题详解】

考查动词短语辨析。句意：我甚至跟不上所有回复。A.keepupwith跟上；B.putupwith忍受；C.comeupwith想出；D.endupwith结束。根据上文“TheresponsethatIgotwasliterallyoverwhelming(我得到的回应简直是压倒性的)”可知，帖子太多了，她跟不上速度，故选A。

【5题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管下着冷雨，金伯利还是检查了一下院子。A.crossed交叉；B.checked检查；C.cleaned清理；D.visited拜访。根据后文“theyard”指检查院子帮忙找狗。故选B。

【6题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，她把搜索范围扩大到邻居的院子里，但仍然空手而归。A.plan计划；B.service服务；C.program项目；D.search搜索。根据后文“totheneighbors’yards”可知，她把搜索范围扩大到邻居的院子里了，故选D。

【7题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：后来，她把搜索范围扩大到邻居的院子里，但仍然空手而归。A.once曾经；B.even甚至；C.still仍然；D.only仅仅。根据后文“cameupempty-handed”可知，扩大了搜索范围仍然空手而归。故选C。

【8题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在甲板下面，我看到了一张小脸。A.saw看见；B.hid隐藏；C.covered覆盖；D.studied学习。根据后文“herlittleface.Shewaslookingrightatme.”可知，指看到了狗的脸，故选A。

【9题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：房子的主人科林·布鲁斯特·康宁爬到甲板下，把她救了出来。A.found找到；B.caught抓住；C.freed释放；D.located定位。根据上文“ItturnedoutRuthie’sleashwasstuck.(结果露丝的皮带卡住了)”可知，房子的主人把狗释放了出来，故选C。

【10题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们三个人拥抱在一起，露丝在中间。A.tie领带；B.contest比赛；C.deal交易；D.hug拥抱。结合上文“MarinacriedandheldontoRuthieandhertworescuers.(玛丽娜哭着抱住露丝和她的两个救援人员)”指三人拥抱在一起，狗在中间，故选D。

III.阅读理解（共两节，40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

UsesofBananaPeels(皮)YouProbablyIgnored

Soothestheitchy(发痒的)insectbites

Withthegoodweatherapproaching,variousbugs,insectsandmosquitoesmultiply.Ifyouwanttorelievethestingorbiteoftheseinsectsnaturally,bananapeelcanhelpyou.Rubthered,inflamedbiteswiththeinsideofthebananapeel.Thebananapolysaccharides(多糖)infiltratetheskinandreducetheswell.

________________

Springthensummeriscoming,andthere’sonelittleannoyingthing:theflies.Tocatchthem,youcanmakeatrapmadeofnaturalingredients.Allyouwillneedisalargeyogurtcup,bananapeels,ahammerandanail.Makeholesatthebottomoftheyogurtcupwiththehammerandnail,placethebananapeelsinside,turnitover,andplaceitnearthefoodthatyouaretryingtoprotect.Flieswillgetintothesweetsmellintheholes,butthereisnowayoutoftheyogurtcup.

Cheapandsimpleteethwhitening

Youdon’thavetospendahugeamountofyoursalaryonaestheticdentistrytomakeyourteethwhiter.Simplyrubyourfreshly-brushedteethwiththeinsideofthebananapeeleverydayforabout2minutes.Salicylicacidinbananasgentlybleachesteeth,effectivelyeliminatingdirtwhichcausesdiscoloration.

Waterpurification

Thiseffectwasthemostsurprisingforus.TheSaoPauloResearchFoundation,ledbyGustavoR.Castro,testedthesuitabilityofbananapeelsforthetreatmentofwastewaterfromindustrialplants.Itturnedoutthatthebananapeeladsorbsheavymetalssuchasleadandcopperfromthewater.

Erasestheinkstain(污点)

Ifinkgetsonyourskin,itisdifficulttocleanitoff.Onlywithwaterandsoapisitalmostimpossibletomakeyourhandsclean.Butthegoodnewsisthatthebananapeelisgoodforthat—rubthepatchesontheinsideofthepeelandseehowtheydisappear.

11.Accordingtothepassage,inwhichofthefollowingsituationscanbananapeelsbeofsomehelp

A.Youaredisturbedbymosquitoesflyingnearby.

B.Youarebittenbyabeeinthegarden.

C.Youaresufferingfromatoothache.

D.Yourcoatisstainedwithoil.

12.Whichofthefollowingisthebestheadingforparagraph2

A.FacialmaskB.PainReliever

C.NaturalflytrapD.Reduceswrinkles

13.Howcanbananapeelshelppurifywater

A.Byprotectingthewaterfrominsects.

B.Byreducingsomechemicalelements.

C.Byaddingsomenutritiontothewater.

D.Byremovingthesmellofthewastewater.

【答案】11.B12.C13.B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了香蕉皮的用途。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Ifyouwanttorelievethestingorbiteoftheseinsectsnaturally,bananapeelcanhelpyou.Rubthered,inflamedbiteswiththeinsideofthebananapeel.Thebananapolysaccharides(多糖)infiltratetheskinandreducetheswell.(如果你想自然地减轻这些昆虫的叮咬，香蕉皮可以帮助你。用香蕉皮内侧摩擦红肿的咬痕。香蕉多糖能渗透皮肤，消肿。)”可推断，当你被蜜蜂蜇伤后，你可以用香蕉皮内侧摩擦红肿的咬痕，从而消肿。故选B。

【12题详解】

主旨大意题。空处为小标题，为本段的主要内容。根据下文“Springthensummeriscoming,andthere’sonelittleannoyingthing:theflies.Tocatchthem,youcanmakeatrapmadeofnaturalingredients.Allyouwillneedisalargeyogurtcup,bananapeels,ahammerandanail.Makeholesatthebottomoftheyogurtcupwiththehammerandnail,placethebananapeelsinside,turnitover,andplaceitnearthefoodthatyouaretryingtoprotect.Flieswillgetintothesweetsmellintheholes,butthereisnowayoutoftheyogurtcup.(春天和夏天都来了，有一件事很烦人：苍蝇。为了捕捉它们，你可以用天然原料做一个陷阱。你所需要的只是一个大酸奶杯、香蕉皮、一把锤子和一颗钉子。用锤子和钉子在酸奶杯的底部打洞，把香蕉皮放进去，把它翻过来，放在你想要保护的食物附近。苍蝇会钻进香甜的洞里，却没有办法从酸奶杯里出来。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是我们可以用香蕉皮来制作一个陷阱用来捕捉苍蝇。选项C“Naturalflytrap(天然捕蝇器)”符合本段主要内容。故选C。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Itturnedoutthatthebananapeeladsorbsheavymetalssuchasleadandcopperfromthewater.(事实证明，香蕉皮可以吸附水中的铅和铜等重金属。)”可知，香蕉皮通过吸附水中的铅和铜等重金属来净化水。故选B。

B

SouthAfrica’svinicultureindustryemploysaround270,000people,producingsomeoftheworld’smostsought-afterwines.Butnotalljobsarebestlefttohumans.Insomecases,it’sbettertogetyourducksinarow,andthenputthemtowork.

OutsideCapeTownonthebanksoftheEersteriver,VergenoegdLw,theWineEstate,hasrepurposedacenturies-oldpracticebygatheringagroupofduckstokeepitsvineyardsfreeofpests.“Icallourducksthesoldiersofourvineyards,”saysmanagingdirectorCoriusVisser.“Theywilleataphids,theywilleatsnails,theywilleatsmallworms—theykeep(it)completelypest-free.”

Thespecies,theIndianrunnerduck,isflightless,withapeculiarlyuprightstanceandhighlydevelopedsenseofsmell.Theducktroopsareemployedona14-daycircuitthroughthevineyards,eatingandfertilizingthegroundastheygo.

Theducks’“annualleave”takesplaceduringtheharvest(they’deatthegrapes).Duringthistimetheysearchforfoodonopenfarmpasture,swiminanearbylakeandundergoselectivebreeding,saysVisser.

Duckeggsareconsumedinthevineyardrestaurant,butnevertheducksthemselves—“thatwouldbelikeeatingacolleague,”GavinMoyes,theestate’stastingroommanager,saidina2023interview.

InspiredbyducksusedtoremovepestsfromricepaddiesinAsia,thewinerycallsontheservicesofsome1,600ducksaspartofitsefforttomakewineproductionmoresustainable.“Theworldismovingawayfrommoreconventionalfarmingto(being)abitmoreorganic,”Visserexplains.“ForVergenoegd,it’sabiggoal…tohavelessinfluenceontheEarth,thesoilandtheenvironment.”

Asapioneeringwinemakerwithindustryinfluence—vineshavebeengrownontheestatesincethelate17thcentury—VergenoegdLwishopingtoconvinceotherstoadoptitsapproach.Vissersaysthevineyardplanstosell750duckstoothervineyardsandreplenishnumbersbybreedingthebirds.

“Ithinktheindustryitselfhasthepotentialtoengagemoreinexperimentalways,”headds.Thatrequiresmoney,andincreasingthepricepointofSouthAfricanwinescouldhelpfundVergenoegdLwandothervineyards’greeninitiatives.

“Ifwecanachievethat,wecanthenputbacksomeofthat(income)intoourpeople,intoourland,andbecomemoresustainable,”Vissersays.

14.What’sthefunctionoftheducksinthevineyards

A.Tokeepthevineyardsfreeofpests.B.Toguardthevineyardsfromthieves.

C.Tomakethevineyardsmoreattractive.D.Toprovideeggsandmeatforthevineyardrestaurant.

15.Accordingtothepassage,theducksinthevineyards______.

A.helpharvestthegrapesB.haveasharpsenseoftaste

C.flyaroundthevineyardfreelyD.leavethevineyardatacertaintime

16.BasedonwhatVissersaid,whichofthefollowingmighthappen

A.Morevineyardswillhaveduck“soldiers”.

B.ThepricepointofSouthAfricanwineswillfall.

C.Thevineyardswilldependmoreonconventionalfarming.

DThewinerywillcomeupwithmorewaystoexperimentonducks.

17.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribethevineyard’sapproachofusingducks

A.Efficient.B.Advanced.C.Challenging.D.Green.

【答案】14.A15.D16.A17.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一个葡萄酒庄园利用鸭子来使葡萄园远离害虫。

【14题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“OutsideCapeTownonthebanksoftheEersteriver,VergenoegdLw,theWineEstate,hasrepurposedacenturies-oldpracticebygatheringagroupofduckstokeepitsvineyardsfreeofpests.(在开普敦郊外的埃尔斯特河畔，VergenoegdLw葡萄酒庄园重新利用了一个有几百年历史的做法，养了一群鸭子，让葡萄园免受害虫的侵害)”可知，葡萄园里的鸭子可以使葡萄园远离害虫。故选A。

【15题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段“Theducks’“annualleave”takesplaceduringtheharvest(they’deatthegrapes).(鸭子的“年假”发生在收获季节（它们会吃葡萄）)”可知，葡萄园里的鸭子在特定的时间离开葡萄园。故选D。

【16题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Vissersaysthevineyardplanstosell750duckstoothervineyardsandreplenishnumbersbybreedingthebirds.(Visser说，葡萄园计划向其他葡萄园出售750只鸭子，并通过繁殖鸟类来补充数量)”可知，更多的葡萄园将会有鸭子“士兵”。故选A。

【17题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段““Ifwecanachievethat,wecanthenputbacksomeofthat(income)intoourpeople,intoourland,andbecomemoresustainable,”Vissersays.(Visser说：“如果我们能做到这一点，我们就可以把一部分（收入）投入到我们的人民和土地上，变得更加可持续。”)”可推知，葡萄园使用鸭子的方法绿色环保。故选D。

C

ThisweekIwatchedaninternationalnewsprogramandsawwhatlookedlikemostoftheplanet—theAmericas,Africa,Europe,Asia—paintedinbrightorangesandreds.Fahrenheit(华氏温度的)temperaturesinthree-digitnumbersseemedtoburnalloverontheworldmap.

Heatrecordshaveburstaroundtheglobe.Thisveryweekend,cropsareburning,roadsarebendingandseasarerising,whilelakesrecede,orevendisappear.Icesheetsmeltinrisingheat,andwildfiresattackforests.Peoplearedyinginthisheat.Livesofallkindsarethreatened,incities,fields,seas,desertsandforests.Wildlife,farmanimals,insectsandhumanbeingsareinpain.

TheUN’sWorldMeteorologicalOrganization(WMO)saysthereismoredeadlyheatinourfuturebecauseofclimatechangecausedbyourspeciesonthisplanet.Evenwithadvancesinwind,solarandotheralternativeenergysources,andinternationalpromisesandagreements,theworldstillderivesabout80%ofitsenergyfromfossilfuels,likeoil,gasandcoal,whichreleasethecarbondioxidethat’swarmedtheclimatetothecurrenttemperaturesofthishotsummer.TheWMO’schief,PetteriTaalas,saidthisweek,“Inthefuturethesekindsofheatwavesaregoingtobenormal.”

Themostalarmingwordinhisforecastmightbe:“normal.”I’mofagenerationthatthoughtofsummerasasunnytimeforchildren.Ithinkoflongdaysspentoutdoorswithoutworry,playinggamesorjustwandering.JohnUpdikewroteinhispoem,“June”:

Thesunisrich

Andgladlypays

Ingoldenhours,

Silverdays,

Andlonggreenweeks

Thatneverend.

School’sout.Thetime

Isourstospend.

There’sLittleLeague

Hopscotch,thecreek,

And,aftersupper,

Hide-and-seek.

Thelive-longlight

Islikeadream...

Butnowthatbright,“live-longlight,”ofwhichUpdikewrote,mightlookthreateninginasummerlikethis.

Theextremelyhotweeksthatweseethisyearcauseonetowonderifourfailurestocarefortheplanetgiventouswillmakeourchildrenlookforwardtosummer,orfearanotherseasonofheat.

18.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“derive”inParagraph3probablymean

A.Get.B.Reduce.C.Waste.D.Save.

19.AccordingtoWMO,______.

A.alternativeenergyisthesolutiontoclimatechange

B.theheatwavesarecausedbytheadvancedtechnology

C.agreementsneedtobesignedtodealwithclimatechange

D.useoftraditionalenergyisresponsiblefortheheatwaves

20.WhydoestheauthormentionJohnUpdike’spoem

A.Todescribethebeautyofsummer.

B.Toindicatetheendofhappysummers.

C.Tocomparedifferentfeelingsaboutsummer.

D.Tosuggestwaysforchildrentospendsummer.

21.Whichmightbethebesttitleforthepassage

A.WhatleadstoahotsummerB.Childrenareafraidofsummer

C.BurningsummersarethefutureD.Howwecansurviveahotsummer

【答案】18.A19.D20.B21.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了全球各地的高温记录不断刷新，解释了背后的原因以及对未来夏季的担忧。

【18题详解】

词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“about80%ofitsenergyfromfossilfuels,likeoil,gasandcoal,whichreleasethecarbondioxidethat’swarmedtheclimatetothecurrenttemperaturesofthishotsummer”可知，世界获得的大约80%的能源来自化石燃料，如石油、天然气和煤炭，这些燃料释放的二氧化碳使气候变暖，导致今年炎热的夏天气温上升。故划线词意思是“得到”。故选A。

【19题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段“Evenwithadvancesinwind,solarandotheralternativeenergysources,andinternationalpromisesandagreements,theworldstillderivesabout80%ofitsenergyfromfossilfuels,likeoil,gasandcoal,whichreleasethecarbondioxidethat’swarmedtheclimatetothecurrenttemperaturesofthishotsummer.TheWMO’schief,PetteriTaalas,saidthisweek,“Inthefuturethesekindsofheatwavesaregoingtobenormal.”(即使有了风能、太阳能和其他替代能源的进步，以及国际承诺和协议，世界上仍然有大约80%的能源来自化石燃料，如石油、天然气和煤炭，这些燃料释放的二氧化碳使气候变暖，导致今年炎热的夏天气温上升。世界气象组织总干事PetteriTaalas本周表示：“在未来，这种热浪将成为常态。”)”可知，根据世界气象组织，传统能源的使用是造成热浪的原因。故选D。

【20题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theextremelyhotweeksthatweseethisyearcauseonetowonderifourfailurestocarefortheplanetgiventouswillmakeourchildrenlookforwardtosummer,orfearanotherseasonofheat.(我们今年看到的极端炎热的几周让人怀疑，如果我们没有照顾好我们所拥有的地球，我们的孩子们是否会期待夏天，或者害怕另一个炎热的季节)”可推知，提到了约翰·厄普代克的诗是为了表示快乐夏天的结束。故选B。

【21题详解】

主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第二段“Heatrecordshaveburstaroundtheglobe.Thisveryweekend,cropsareburning,roadsarebendingandseasarerising,whilelakesrecede,orevendisappear.Icesheetsmeltinrisingheat,andwildfiresattackforests.Peoplearedyinginthisheat.Livesofallkindsarethreatened,incities,fields,seas,desertsandforests.Wildlife,farmanimals,insectsandhumanbeingsareinpain.(全球各地的高温记录不断刷新。就在这个周末，庄稼在燃烧，道路在弯曲，海平面在上升，而湖泊在退缩，甚至消失。冰盖在升温中融化，野火袭击森林。人们在这样的高温中死去。在城市、田野、海洋、沙漠和森林里，所有种类的生命都受到威胁。野生动物、农场动物、昆虫和人类都在痛苦之中)”可知，文章主要说明了全球各地的高温记录不断刷新，解释了背后的原因以及对未来夏季的担忧。可知，C选项“灼热的夏天是未来”最符合文章标题。故选C。

D

CornellUniversityresearchershavedevelopedasilent-speechrecognitioninterfacethatusesacoustic-sensing(声学传感)andartificialintelligencetocontinuouslyrecognizeupto31unvocalizedcommands,basedonlipandmouthmovements.Thelow-power,wearableeyewear—calledEchoSpeech—requiresjustafewminutesofusertrainingdatabeforeitwillrecognizecommandsandcanberunonasmartphone.

RuidongZhang,doctoralstudentofinformationscience,istheleadauthorof“EchoSpeech—ContinuousSilentSpeechRecognitiononMinimally-obtrusiveEyewearPoweredbyAcousticSensing,”whichwillbepresentedattheAssociationforComputingMachineryConferenceonHumanFactorsinComputingSystems(CHI)thismonthinHamburg,Germany.

“Forpeoplewhocannotvocalizesoundthissilentspeechtechnologycouldbeanexcellentinputforavoicesynthesizer.Itcouldgivepatientstheirvoicesback,”Zhangsaidofthetechnology’spotentialusewithfurtherdevelopment.Initspresentform,EchoSpeechcouldbeusedtocommunicatewithothersviasmartphoneinplaceswherespeechisinconvenientorinappropriate,likeanoisyrestaurantorquietlibrary.Thesilentspeecheyewearcanalsobepairedwithastylus(触控笔)andusedwithdesignsoftwarelikeCAD,allbuterasingtheneedforakeyboardandamouse.

Outfittedwithapairofmicrophonesandspeakerssmallerthanpencilerasers,theEchoSpeechbecomeawearableAI-poweredsonar(声呐)system,sendingandreceivingsoundwavesacrossthefaceandsensingmouthmovements.Adeeplearningalgorithm(算法)thenanalyzestheseechoprofilesinrealtime,withabout95%accuracy.

“We’removingsonarontothebody,”saidChengZhang,assistantprofessorofinformationscienceanddirectorofCornell’sSmartComputerInterfacesforFutureInteractions(SciFi)Lab.“We’reveryexcitedaboutthissystem,”hesaid,“becauseitreallypushesthefieldforwardonperformanceandprivacy.It’ssmall,low-powerandprivacy-sensitive,whichareallimportantfeaturesforusingnew,wearabletechnologiesintherealworld.”

Mosttechnologyinsilent-speechrecognitionislimitedtoaselectsetofpredeterminedcommandsandrequirestheusertofaceorwearacamera,whichisneitherpracticalnorachievable,ChengZhangsaid.Therealsoaremajorprivacyconcernsinvolvingwearablecameras—forboththeuserandthosewithwhomtheuserinteracts,hesaid.

Acoustic-sensingtechnologylikeEchoSpeechremovestheneedforwearablevideocameras.Andbecauseaudiodataismuchsmallerthanimageorvideodata,itrequireslessbandwidthtoprocessandcanberelayedtoasmartphoneviaBluetoothinrealtime,saidFranoisGuimbretière,professorininformationscience.“Andbecausethedataisprocessedlocallyonyoursmartphoneinsteadofuploadedtothecloud,”hesaid,“privacy-sensitiveinformationneverleavesyourcontrol.”

22.WhatdoweknowaboutEchoSpeech

A.Itrecognizesdifferentbodymovements.B.Ithasthepotentialtohelpgeneratevoices.

C.Itdoesn’tneedtobeinstructedaboutitsuser.D.Itneedstobeusedwithakeyboardandamouse.

23.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout

A.WhatEchoSpeechlookslike.B.Howthealgorithmismadeaccurate.

C.WhatthemechanismofEchoSpeechis.D.Howthealgorithmanalyzesechoprofiles.

24.HowisEchoSpeechdifferentfromothersilent-speechrecognitionsystems

A.Itbetterprotectsusers’privacy.B.Itisfittedwithasmallervideocamera.

C.Itisbasedonpredeterminedcommands.D.ItsendsimagesandvideosviaBluetooth.

25.RegardingthefeaturesofEchoSpeech,FranoisGuimbretièreis______.

A.doubtfulB.criticalC.sympatheticD.unconcerned

【答案】22.B23.C24.A25.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了EchoSpeech这种设备只需几分钟的用户训练数据，它就能识别指令，并能在智能手机上运行。

【22题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段“Forpeoplewhocannotvocalizesound,thissilentspeechtechnologycouldbeanexcellentinputforavoicesynthesizer.Itcouldgivepatientstheirvoicesback(对于不能发声的人来说，这种无声的语音技术可能是语音合成器的一个很好的输入。它可以让病人恢复声音)”可知，EchoSpeech有帮助产生声音的潜力。故选B。

【23题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第四段“Outfittedwithapairofmicrophonesandspeakerssmallerthanpencilerasers,theEchoSpeechbecomeawearableAI-poweredsonar(声呐)system,sendingandreceivingsoundwavesacrossthefaceandsensingmouthmovements.Adeeplearningalgorithm(算法)thenanalyzestheseechoprofilesinrealtime,withabout95%accuracy.(EchoSpeech配备了一对麦克风和比铅笔橡皮还小的扬声器，成为一种可穿戴的人工智能声纳系统，通过面部发送和接收声波，并感知口腔运动。然后，深度学习算法实时分析这些回波剖面，准确率约为95%)”可知，第四段主要讲的是EchoSpeech的机制是什么。故选C。

【24题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“It’ssmall,low-powerandprivacy-sensitive,whichareallimportantfeaturesforusingnew,wearabletechnologiesintherealworld.(它体积小，功耗低，对隐私敏感，这些都是在现实世界中使用新的可穿戴技术的重要特征)”可知，EchoSpeech与其他无声语音识别系统的不同在于它能更好地保护用户隐私。故选A。

【25题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段“Andbecauseaudiodataismuchsmallerthanimageorvideodata,itrequireslessbandwidthtoprocessandcanberelayedtoasmartphoneviaBluetoothinrealtime,saidFranoisGuimbretière,professorininformationscience.“Andbecausethedataisprocessedlocallyonyoursmartphoneinsteadofuploadedtothecloud,”hesaid,“privacy-sensitiveinformationneverleavesyourcontrol.”(信息科学教授FranoisGuimbretière表示，由于音频数据比图像或视频数据小得多，因此需要更少的带宽来处理，并且可以通过蓝牙实时传输到智能手机。“而且因为数据是在你的智能手机上本地处理的，而不是上传到云端，”他说，“隐私敏感信息永远不会离开你的控制。”)”可推知，FranoisGuimbretière持支持态度，故选C。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Wanttomakepeoplelaugh_____26_____Hereareafewtipstokeepinmindifyourgoalistoticklesomefunnybones.

Consideryouraudience.Youraudience,whetherit’syourparentsinyourlivingroomorapayingcrowdatanauditorium,mustbeabletoconnectwithanysituationyoudescribeinyourjokes.Iftheycan’trelatetothejoke,oriftheydon’tcompletelyunderstandit,thenit’ssimplynotfunnytothem._____27_____Ifyouhavetoexplainajoketosomeone,thepersonmighteventuallyunderstandit,butheorsheprobablywon’tthinkit’sfunny.Thisisthereasonthatmanyjokesdon’ttranslatewellintoanotherlanguage.Theyrelyonanunderstandingofaparticularculture.Youcantranslatethewordsbut,withoutanappreciationforthebackground,manytranslatedjokesaren’tveryfunny.

_____28_____There’sareasonthatpeoplesay,“Stopmeifyou’veheardthisone”beforetellingajoke.Ifyouraudiencealreadyknows(orcanguess)theendofajokebeforeyoutellit,thenit’snotgoingtomakethemlaugh.Peoplelaughattheendofajokebecausethey’vebeentoldastoryandledtowarditsending,(unconsciously)thinkingaboutwhatwillhappennextorhowitwillend._____29_____Surpriseispartofthereasonthatyouwanttolearntotelljokeswithoutlaughing.Ifyoulaugh,thenyourlistenersexpectyoutosaysomethingfunny.Ifyoutellajokewithoutlaughingorsmiling,thenthey’remoresurprisedwhenyougettothefunnypart.

Checkyourtiming.Anotherimportantpartofhumoristiming,ordeliveringthepunchlineatthebestpossiblemoment._____30_____Thereasonisthatthisbuildstension.Thelistenerknowstheendiscomingandiswaitingforit.Whenyoufinallytellthepunchline,thelistenerfeelsasenseofreliefandismoreandinclinedtolaugh.

A.Usesurprise.

B.Chooseyourjokes.

C.Thenyou’vegottoknowwhat’sfunny.

D.Makesureyourjokesareoftentoldwithinlimitedtime.

E.It’softenusefultopausebeforetellingthelastlineofajoke.

F.Whenwehearsomethingthatwasn’twhatwewereexpecting,wefinditfunny.

G.Peoplelovejokesthat,basedontheirexperience,makethemsay,“That’ssotrue!”

【答案】26.C27.G28.A29.F30.E

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些讲笑话的技巧。

【26题详解】

根据上文“Wanttomakepeoplelaugh(想让别人笑吗？)”以及后文“Hereareafewtipstokeepinmindifyourgoalistoticklesomefunnybones.(如果你的目标是逗乐一些有趣的人，这里有一些建议要记住)”可知，本句回答上文让别人笑的问题：那你得知道什么好笑。故C选项“那你得知道什么好笑”符合语境，故选C。

【27题详解】

根据上文“Iftheycan’trelatetothejoke,oriftheydon’tcompletelyunderstandit,thenit’ssimplynotfunnytothem.(如果他们无法与这个笑话联系起来，或者他们不能完全理解这个笑话，那么这个笑话对他们来说就一点也不好笑)”可知，上文提到了人们要和笑话联系起来才会觉得好笑，本句旨在说明具体表现：让他们说：“这太对（有意思）了！”，故G选项“人们喜欢这样的笑话，根据他们的经验，让他们说:“这太对（有意思）了！””符合语境，故选G。

【28题详解】

根据后文“If