高级英语教参-张汉熙

高级英语张汉熙第一册课件以及听力

Lesson1TheMiddleEasternBazaar中东的集市

Aimsofteaching

1.Tocomprehendthewholetext

2.Toleanandmasterthevocabularyandexpressions

3.Tounderstandthestructureofthetext

4.Toappreciatethestyleandrhetoricofthepassage.

Importantanddifficultpoints

1.Whatisdescription?

2.Thecomprehensionandappreciationofthewordsdescribingsound,colour,light,heat,sizeandsmell.

3.Theappreciationofthewordsandexpressionsusedforstressandexaggeration.

4.Someusefulexpressionssuchastomakeapointof,itisapointofhonour...,andetc.

Backgroundinformation

ThistextistakenfromAdvancedComprehensionandAppreciationPieces(1962),whichwasintendedfor

studentspreparingfortheCambridgeCertificateofProficiencyExamination,&forstudentsinthetopclassof

secondaryschoolsorinthefirstyearofauniversitycourse.

课文内容：

TheMiddleEasternBazaar

TheMiddleEasternbazaartakesyoubackhundredseventhousandsofyears.TheoneIamthinking

ofparticularlyisenteredbyaGothic-archedgatewayofagedbrickandstone.Youpassfromtheheatandglare

ofabig,opensquareintoacool,darkcavernwhichextendsasfarastheeyecansee,losingitselfintheshadowy

distance.Littledonkeyswithharmoniouslytinklingbellsthreadtheirwayamongthethrongsofpeopleentering

andleavingthebazaar.Theroadwayisabouttwelvefeetwide,butitisnarrowedeveryfewyardsbylittlestalls

wheregoodsofeveryconceivablekindaresold.Thedinofthestall-holder;cryingtheirwares,ofdonkey-boys

andportersclearingawayforthemselvesbyshoutingvigorously,andofwould-bepurchasersarguingand

bargainingiscontinuousandmakesyoudizzy.

Thenasyoupenetratedeeperintothebazaar,thenoiseoftheentrancefadesaway,andyoucometothe

mutedcloth-market.Theearthenfloor,beatenhardbycountlessfeet,deadensthesoundoffootsteps,andthe

vaultedmud-brickwallsandroofhavehardlyanysoundstoecho.Theshop-keepersspeakinslow,measured

tones,andthebuyers,overwhelmedbythesepulchralatmosphere,followsuit.

OneofthepeculiaritiesoftheEasternbazaaristhatshopkeepersdealinginthesamekindofgoodsdonot

scatterthemselvesoverthebazaar,inordertoavoidcompetition,butcollectinthesamearea,sothatpurchasers

canknowwheretofindthem,andsothattheycanformacloselyknitguildagainstinjusticeorpersecution.In

thecloth-market,forinstance,allthesellersofmaterialforclothes,curtains,chaircoversandsoonlinethe

roadwayonbothsides,eachopen-frontedshophavingatrestletrestletablefordisplayandshelvesforstorage.

Bargainingistheorderofthecay,andveiledwomenmoveataleisurelypacefromshoptoshop,selecting,

pricinganddoingalittlepreliminarybargainingbeforetheynarrowdowntheirchoiceandbeginthereallyserious

businessofbeatingthepricedown.

Itisapointofhonourwiththecustomernottolettheshopkeeperguesswhatitisshereallylikesandwants

untilthelastmoment.Ifhedoesguesscorrectly,hewillpricetheitemhigh,andyieldlittleinthebargaining.The

seller,ontheotherhand,makesapointofprotestingthatthepriceheischargingisdeprivinghimofallprofit,and

thatheissacrificingthisbecauseofhispersonalregardforthecustomer.Bargainingcangoonthewholeday,or

evenseveraldays,withthecustomercomingandgoingatintervals.

Oneofthemostpicturesqueandimpressivepartsofthebazaaristhecopper-smiths*123market.Asyouapproach

it,atinklingandbangingandclashingbeginstoimpingeonyourear.Itgrowslouderandmoredistinct,untilyou

roundacornerandseeafairylandofdancingflashes,astheburnishedcoppercatchesthelightofinnumerable

lampsandbraziers.Ineachshopsittheapprentices-boysandyouths,someofthemincrediblyyoung-

hammeringawayatcoppervesselsofallshapesandsizes,whiletheshop-ownerinstructs,andsometimestakesa

handwithahammerhimself.Inthebackground,atinyapprenticeblowsabi-,charcoalfirewithahugeleather

bellowsworkedbyastringattachedtohisbigtoe-theredofthelivecoalsglowing,brightandthendimming

rhythmicallytothestrokesofthebellows.

Hereyoucanfindbeautifulpotsandbowlsengravewithdelicateandintricatetraditionaldesigns,orthe

simple,everydaykitchenwareusedinthiscountry,pleasinginform,butundecoratedandstrictlyfunctional.

Elsewherethereisthecarpet-market,withitsprofusionofrichcolours,variedtexturesandregionaldesigns—

someboldandsimple,othersunbelievablydetailedandyetharmonious.Thenthereisthespice-market,withits

pungentandexoticsmells;andthefood-market,whereyoucanbuyeverythingyouneedforthemostsumptuous

dinner,orsitinatinyrestaurantwithportersandapprenticesandeatyourhumblebreadandcheese.The

dye-market,thepottery-marketandthecarpenters'marketlieelsewhereinthemazeofvaultedstreetswhich

honeycombthisbazaar.Everyhereandthere,adoorwaygivesaglimpseofasunlitcourtyard,perhapsbeforea

mosqueoracaravanserai,wherecamelsliedisdainfullychewingtheirhay,whilethegreatbalesofmerchandise

theyhaveearnedhundredsofmilesacrossthedesertliebesidethem.

Perhapsthemostunforgettablethinginthebazaar,apartfromitsgeneralatmosphere,istheplacewherethey

makelinseedoil.Itisavast,sombrecavernofaroom,somethirtyfeethighandsixtyfeetsquare,andsothick

withthedustofcenturiesthatthemudbrickwallsandvaultedroofareonlydimlyvisible.Inthiscavernarethree

massivestonewheels,eachwithahugepolethroughitscentreasanaxle.Thepoleisattachedattheoneendtoan

uprightpost,aroundwhichitcanrevolve,andattheothertoablind-foldedcamel,whichwalksconstantlyina

circle,providingthemotivepowertoturnthestonewheel.Thisrevolvesinacircularstonechannel,intowhichan

attendantfeedslinseed.Thestonewheelcrushesittoapulp,whichisthenpressedtoextracttheoil.Thecamels

arethelargestandfinestIhaveeverseen,andinsuperbcondition-muscular,massiveandstately.

Thepressingofthelinseedpulptoextracttheoilisdonebyavastramshackleapparatusofbeamsandropes

andpulleyswhichtowerstothevaultedceilinganddwarfsthecamelsandtheirstonewheels.Themachineis

operatedbyoneman,whoshovelsthelinseedpulpintoastonevat,climbsupnimblytoadizzyheighttofasten

ropes,andthenthrowshisweightontoagreatbeammadeoutofatreetrunktosettheropesandpulleysin

motion.Ancientgirdersgirderscreakandgroan,ropestightenandthenatrickleofoiloozesoozesdownastone

runnelintoausedpetrolcan.Quicklythetricklebecomesafloodofglisteninglinseedoilasthebeamsinks

earthwards,tautandprotesting,itscreaksblendingwiththesqueakingandrumblingofthegrinding-wheelsand

theoccasionalgruntsandsighsofthecamels.

(fromAdvancedComprehensionandAppreciationpieces,1962)

NOTES

1)ThispieceistakenfromAdvancedComprehensionandAppreciationPieces,compiledforoverseasstudentsby

L.A.HillandD.J.May,publishedbyOxfordUniversityPress,HongKong,1962.

2)MiddleEast:generallyreferringtotheareafromAfghanistantoEgypt,includingtheArabianPeninsula,

Cyprus,andAsiaticTurkey.

3)Gothic:astyleofarchitectureoriginatedinN.Francein11thcentury,characterizedbypointedarches,ribbed

vaulting,steep,highroofs,etc.

4)veiledwomen:SomeMoslemsusetheveil--moreappropriately,thepurdahtosecludeorhidetheirwomen

fromtheeyesofstrangers.

5)caravanserai(caravansary):intheMiddleEast,akindofinnwithalargecentralcourt,wherebandsof

merchantsorpilgrims,togetherwiththeircamelsorhorses,stayforshelterandrefreshment

课文详解：

DetailedStudyoftheText

1.MiddleEast:SoutheastAsiaandNortheastAfrica,includingtheNearEastandIranandAfghanistan.

NearEase:theArabianPeninsula(SaudiArabia,Yemen,Oman,UnitedArabEmirates,Qatar,Bahrein,and

Kuwait),Turkey,Iraq,Syria,Jordan,Lebanon,Palestine,EgyptandSudan.1.MiddleEast:SoutheastAsiaand

NortheastAfrica,includingtheNearEastandIranandAfghanistan.

NearEase:theArabianPeninsula(SaudiArabia,Yemen,Oman,UnitedArabEmirates,Qatar,Bahrein,and

Kuwait),Turkey,Iraq,Syria,Jordan,Lebanon,Palestine,EgyptandSudan.

FarEast:China,Japan,Korea,MongoliaandEastSiberia

2.particular:special,singleanddifferentfromothers.Whensth.isparticular,wemeanitisthesingleoran

exampleofthewholeunderconsideration,thetermisclearlyopposedtogeneralandthatitisaclosesynonymof

“single”.

Particularisalsooftenusedinthesenseofspecial.

Ihavesth.veryparticular(special)tosaytoMr.Clinton.

Shealwaystookparticular(special)noticeofme.

Onthisparticular(single)daywehadtobeatschoolearly.

Idon'tlikethisparticular(single)hat,buttheothersarequitenice.

3.Gothic-arched:atypeofarchitecture(see.ALD,churchpicture)

Goth:oneoftheGermantribes

Arch:acurvedtopsometimeswithacentralpointrestingon2supportsasaboveadoor.

aged:a.[dd]

Mysonisaged10.

Whenhewasaged6,hewenttoschool.

amiddleagedcouple

b.Idid]ancient

Heisaged;heragedgrandfather

medicareforthesick&aged

4.glare:shiningintensely,harshly,uncomfortably,andtoostrong;inawayunpleasanttotheeyes

5.cavern:alargedeepcave(hollowplaceinthesideofaclifforhill,orunderground),closedroofedplace.

Hereinthetextwecanseethatitisalong,narrow,darkstreetorworkshopsandstoreswithsomesortofroof

overthem.

6.losingitselfintheshadowydistance:inthefarthestdistanceeverythingbecomesobscure,unclear,oronly

dimlyvisibleinthedarksurroundings.

lose:cometobewithout

shadow:greaterdarknesswheredirectlight,esp.sunlight,isblockedbysth.;adarkshape

shadowy:hardtoseeorknowaboutclearly,notdistinct,dim

Hereshadowysuggeststhechangingofhavingandnothavinglight,theshiftingoflightnessanddarkness.There

maybesomespotsofbrightnessinthedark.

7.harmonious:

harmony:musicalnotescombinedtogetherinapleasantsoundingway

tinkle:tomakelightmetallicsound

cf:

jingle:lighttinklingsound

Theraintinkledonthemetalroof.

Shelaughedheartily,asoundascoolasicetinklingintheglass,

totinklecoinstogether

8.throng:largecrowdofpeopleorthings,acrowdofpeoplebusydoingsth.searchingupanddown,

engaginginsomekindofactivity

cf:crowd:generalterm,largenumberofpeopletogether,butwithoutorderororganization.

Crowdbasicallyimpliesaclosegatheringandpressingtogether.

Theboulevardwascrammedwithgay,laughingcrowds.

Throngvariessolittleinmeaningfromcrowdthatthetwowordsareoftenusedinterchangeablywithoutloss.

Throngsometimescarriesthestrongerimplicationofmovementandofpushingandtheweakerimplicationof

density.

Throngscirculatingthroughthestreets.

Thepre-Xmassaleattractedathrongofshoppers.

9.thread:makeone'swaycarefully,implieszigzag,roundabouts

Theriverthreadsbetweenthemountains.

10.roadway:

a.centralpartusedbywheeledtraffic,themiddlepartofaroadwherevehiclesdrive

b.astripoflandoverwhicharoadpasses

11.narrow:

Inthebrightsunlightshehadtonarrowhereyes.

Therivernarrowsatthispoint.

Theynarrowedthesearchforthemissingboydowntofivestreetsneartheschool.

Shelookedfarintotheshadowydistance,hereyesnarrowed,ahandontheeyebrowstopreventtheglare.

Theaircraftcarrierwastoobigtopassthroughthenarrows(narrowpassagebetweentwolargestretchesofwater).

12.stall:BrE.atableorsmallopen-frontedshopinapublicplace,sth.notpermanent,oftencanbeput

togetherandtakenaway,onwhichwaresaresetupforsale.

13.din:specificwordofnoise,loud,confused,continuousnoise,lowroarwhichcannotbedistinguished

exactlyuntilyougetclose,oftensuggestsunpleasant,disorderedmixtureofconfusinganddisturbingsounds,

stressprolonged,deafening,ear-splittingmetallicsounds

ThechildrenweremakingsomuchdinthatIcouldnotmakemyselfheard.

Theykickedupsuchadinattheparty.

Thedinstoppedwhenthecurtainwasraised.

thedinofthecheerfulcrowd

14.wares(always-pL)articlesofferedforsale,usu.notinashop.Thewordgivestheimpressionof

traditionalcommodity,items,goods,morelikelytobesoldinfree-markets.

toadvertise/hawk/peddleone'swares

Goods:articlesforsale,possessionsthatcanbemovedorcarriedbytrain,road;nothouse,land,

Thereisavarietyofgoodsintheshops.

goodstrain/freighttrain,cannedgoods,half-finishedgoods,clearancegoods,textilegoods,high-qualitygoods

ware:(lit.)articlesforsale,usu.notinashop

Thesilversmithshowedushiswares.

Thebakertravelledroundthetownsellinghiswares.

kitchenware,tableware,hardware,software

earthenware,tinware,ironware,silverware

commodity:anarticleoftradeorcommerce,esp.afarmormineralproduct

Wheatisavaluablecommodity.

WineisoneofthemanycommoditiesthatFrancesellsabroad,

acommodityfair

merchandise:(U.)thingsforsale,ageneraltermforallthespecificgoodsorwares.

Thestorehasthebestmerchandiseintown.

Wecallthesegoodsmerchandise.

15.would-be:likely,possible,whichonewishestobebutisnot

awould-bemusician/footballplayer

16.purchase(fmLortech.)tobuy

Youbuysomeeggs,butpurchaseahouse.

17.bargain:totalkabouttheconditionofasale,agreement,orcontract

18.dizzy:feelingasifeverythingwereturninground,mentallyconfused

Ifyousufferfromanaemia,youoftenfeeldizzy.

Everynight,whenmyheadtouchesthepillows,Ifeltawaveofdizziness.

Thetwo-dayjourneyonthebusmakesmedizzy.

19.penetrate:toenter,pass,cut,orforceawayintoorthrough.Thewordsuggestsforce,acompellingpower

tomakeentranceandalsoresistanceinthemedium.

Thebulletcanpenetrateawall.

Thescudmissilecanpenetrateaconcreteworksof1metrethick.

Rainwaterhaspenetratedthroughtheroofofmyhouse.

20.fade:tolosestrength,colour,freshness,etc.

fadeaway:goslowlyoutofhearing,graduallydisappearing

Thefartheryoupush/forceyourwayintothebazaar,thelowerandsofterthenoisebecomesuntilfinallyit

disappears.Thenyouarriveattheclothmarketwherethesoundishardlyaudible.

Colourclothoftenfadeswhenitiswashed.

Thelightfadedasthesunwentdown.

Thesoundofthefootstepsfadedaway.

Thenoiseoftheairplanefadedaway.

21.mute:

adj.

a.silent,withoutspeech

Theboyhasbeenmutesincebirth.

b.notpronounced:

Theword"debt"containsamuteletter.

noun:

a.apersonwhocannotspeak

Theboywasbomadeafmute.(hashealthyspeechorgansbutneverhasheardspeechsounds,canbetrainedto

speak)

{cf:Heisdeafanddumb(unabletospeak).}

b.anobjectthatmakesamusicalinstrumentgivesoftersoundwhenplacedagainstthestringsorinthestreamof

air

verb:toreducethesoundof,tomakeasoundsofterthanusual

tomuteamusicalinstrument

Hereinthetexttheword"muted"isusedtosuggestthecompellingcircumstances,forcingyoutoloweryour

sound.

22.beaten:(ofapath,track,etc.)thatisgivenshapebythefeetofthosewhopassalongit,suggesting

ancientness,timelessness.Thepathbecomesflatduetothetreadingofcountlesspeoplethroughthousandsof

years.

Wefollowedawell-beatenpaththroughtheforest.

23.deaden:tocausetolosestrength,force,feeling,andbrightness

todeadenthepain

Twoofthesepillswilldeadentheache.

24.measured:steady,careful,slow,suggestinglackofspeed,payingattentiontowhattosay

25.overwhelm:overcome,controlcompletelyandusu.suddenly

Theenemywereoverwhelmedbysuperiorforces.

Sorrowoverwhelmedthefamily.

Shewasoverwhelmedwithgrief

Theywonanoverwhelmingvictory/majority.

26.sepulchral:relatedtograve,gloomy,dismal

sepulchre/er:oldandbibl.use,aburialplace;atomb,esp.onecutinrockorbuiltofstone

27.followsuit:todothesameasoneelsehas,toplay/todealthecardsofthesamesuits(inpoker,theretwo

redsuits,andtwoblacksuits.Theyarehearts,diamonds,spades,clubs,jokers,aces,kings,queensandjacks

(knaves).

Whentheotherswentswimming,Ifollowedsuit.

HewenttobedandIfollowedsuitafterafewminutes.

28.peculiarity:adistinguishingcharacteristic,specialfeature,suggestingdifferencefromnormalorusual,

strangeness.Oneofhispeculiaritiesisthathistwoeyesarenotthesamecolour.

Thelargefantailisapeculiarityofthepeacock.

Thepeculiarityofherbehaviourpuzzledeveryone.

29.dealin:sellandbuy,tradein

Thismerchantdealsinsilkgoods.

MostforeigntradingcompaniesinWestAfricadealinrubber,cocoaandvegetableoils.

30.scatter:tocause(agroup)toseparatewidely,tospreadwidelyinalldirectionsasifbythrowing

Thefrightenedpeoplescatteredaboutinalldirections.

Oneofthespecialfeatures/characteristicsoftheM.E.bazaaristhatshopkeepersinthesametradealwaysgather

togetherinthesameplacetodotheirbusiness.

31.knit:tomakethingstowearbyunitingthreadsintoakindofclosenetw**,touniteorjoinclosely

32.guild/gild:anassociationforbusinessmenorskilledworkerswhojoinedtogetherinformertimesto

helponeanotherandtomakerulesfortrainingnewmembers

33.persecution:crueltreatment

persecute:totreatcruelly,causetosuffer,esp.forreligiousorpoliticalbeliefs

ThefirstimmigrantscametoAmericanmainlybecausetheywantedtoavoidreligiouspersecution/afterbeing

persecutedfortheirreligiousbeliefs.

bepersecutedbysb.forsth.

bloody/terrible/relentlesspersecution

sufferfrom/besubjectedtopolitical/religiouspersecution

34.line:formrowsalong

35.trestle:woodenbeamfixedateachendtoapairofspreadinglegs,used,usu.inpairs,asaremovable

supportofatableorotherflatsurface.

36.orderoftheday:thecharacteristicordominantfeatheroractivity,theprevailingstateofthings

Ifsth.istheorderoftheday,itisverycommonamongaparticulargroupofpeople

ConfusionbecametheorderofthedayintheIraqiheadquartersduetotheelectronicinterferencefromtheAllied

forces.LearningfromLeiFengandJiaoYuluhasbecometheorderofthedayrecently.

Jeansandmini-skirtsarenolongertheorderofthedaynow.

Duringthatperiod,theGulfWarbecametheorderoftheday.

37.veil:coveringoffinenetorothermaterialtoprotectorhideawoman'sface

38.leisure:timefreefromwork,havingplentyoffreetime,notinahurrytodosth.

39.pace:rateorspeedinwalking,marching,runningordeveloping

40.preliminary:comingbeforesth.introducingorpreparingforsth.moreimportant,preparatory

Therewereseveralpreliminarymeetingsbeforethegeneralassembly.

Aphysicalexaminationisapreliminarytojoiningthearmy.

41.beatdown:toreducebyargumentorotherinfluence,topersuadesb.toreduceaprice

Themanasked$5forthedress,butIbeathimdownto$4.50.

42.apointofhonour:sth.consideredimportantforone'sself-respect

It'sapointofhonourwithmetokeepmypromise=Imadeitapointofhonourtokeepmypromise.

Inourcountry,itisapointofhonourwithaboytopaythebillwhenheisdiningwithagirl/whenhedinesagirl;

butontheotherhand,awesterngirlwouldregarditapointofhonour(withher)topaythebillherself.

43.makeapointof/makeitapointto:dosthbecauseoneconsidersitimportantornecessary,totake

particularcareof,makeextraordinaryeffortsin,regardortreatasnecessary

IalwaysmakeapointofcheckingthatallthewindowsareshutbeforeIgoout.

Ialwaysmadeapointofbeingontime.

Ialwaysmakeapointofrememberingmywife'sbirthday.

Hemadeapointofthankinghishostessbeforehelefttheparty.

Therush-hourcommutetomyjobisoftennerve-racking,soImakeitapointtobeacarefulandconsiderate

motorist.

SomeAmericanpeoplemakeitapointofconsciencetohavenosocialdistinctionsbetweenwhitesandblacks.

44.whatitis:usedtostress

Whatisitshereallylikes?

Whatisityoudo?

Whatisityoureallywant?

45.protest:toexpressone'sdisagreement,feelingofunfairness

Here:insistfirmly,afirmingstrongly

46.depriveof:takeawayfrom,preventfromusing

todeprivesb.ofpoliticalrights/ofhispower/civilrights

Themisfortunesalmostdeprivedhimofhisreason.

Theaccidentdeprivedhimofhissight/hearing.

47.sacrifice:togiveuporlose,esp.forsomegoodpurposeorbelief

TheancientGreekssacrificedlambsorcalvesbeforeengaginginabattle,

(infml)tosellsth.atlessthanitscostorvalue

IneedthemoneyandIhavetosacrifice(onthepriceof)mycar.

48.regard:regard,respect,esteem,admireandtheircorrespondingnounsarecomparablewhentheymeana

feelingforsb.orsth.

Regardisthemostcolourlessaswellasthemostformal.Itusu.requiresamodifiertoreinforceitsmeaning

Iholdherinhigh/low/thegreatestregard.

tohaveahigh/lowregardforsb*sopinion.

Stevewasnothighlyregardedinhishometown.

Itispropertouserespectfromjuniortoseniororinferiortosuperior.Italsoimpliesaconsideredand

carefulevaluationorestimation.Sometimesitsuggestsrecognitionofsth.assacred.

Herespectedtheirviewseventhoughhecouldnotagreewiththem.

tohaverespectforone'sprivacy,rights...

Esteemimpliesgreaterwarmthoffeelingaccompanyingahighvaluation.

Einstein'stheoryofrelativitywonforhisuniversalesteem.

AdmirationandAdmire,likeesteem,implyarecognitionofsuperiority,buttheyusuallyconnotemore

enthusiasticappreciation,andsometimessuggestgenuineaffection.Sometimesthewordsstressthepersonal

attractivenessoftheobjectofadmiration,andweakentheimplicationofesteem.

Ihavelongfeltthedeepestesteemforyou,andyourpresentcourageousattitudehasaddedadmirationtoesteem,

regard:

toregardsb'swishes/advice/what...(butnotsb.)

respect:

torespectsb.

torespectsb.'scourage/opinion/

esteem:

toesteemsb.

toesteemsb.forhishonesty/courage

admire:

toadmiresb.

toadmiretheflowers/sb.'poem

49.thecustomercomingandgoingatintervals.

Acustomerbuysthingsfromashop;aclientgetservicesfromalawyer,abankorahairdresser;Onewhoget

medicalservicesisapatientandaguestisservedinahotel.

atintervals:happeningregularlyafterequalperiodsoftime

Trainsleaveatshortintervals.

Thetreeswereplantedbesidetheroadat50-metersintervals.

50.picturesque:charmingorinterestingenoughtobemadeintoapicture,striking,vivid

51.-smith:aworkerinmetal,amaker

copper-/gold-/tin-/black-/gun-smith

52.clash:anoisy,usu.metallicsoundofcollision

swordsclash

Thedustbinsclashedasthemenemptiedthem.

bang:tohitviolently,tomakealoudnoise

Thedoorbangedopen/shut.

Hebangedthewindowshut.

53.impingeon(upon):tostrikeordashesp.withasharpcollision

Iheardtherainimpingeupontheearth.

Thestronglightimpingeonhiseyes.

Thenoiseoftheaeroplaneoverheadimpingedonourears,

tohaveeffecton

Theneedtoseethatjusticeisdoneimpingesoneverydecisionmadeinthecourts.

54.distinct:clearlyseen,heard,understood,etc.plane,noticeable,anddistinguishabletotheeyeorearor

mind

Anythingclearlynoticedisdistinct

Thereisadistinctsmellofbeerinthisroom.

Athingorqualitythatisclearlydifferentfromothersofitskindisdistinctiveordistinctfrom

Beerhasaverydistinctivesmell.Itisquitedistinctfromthesmellofwine.

55.round:

Pleaseroundyourlipstosaynoo".

Stonesroundedbytheactionofwaterarecalledcobbles.

Theshiproundedthecape/thetipofthepeninsula.

56.burnish:topolish,esp.metal,usu.withsth.hardandsmooth,polishbyfriction,makesmoothandshiny

57.brazier:openmetalframeworklikeabasket,usu.onleg,forholdingacharcoalorcoalfire(seepicturein

ALD)

58.youth:oftenderog.ayoungperson,esp.ayoungmale

agroupofyouths

thefriendsofmyyouth

collectivenoun:theyouth(youngmenandwomen)ofthenation

59.incredible:Thiswordcomesfromcredit,whichmeansbelief,trust,andfaith

creditcard

Weplacefullcreditinthegovernment'sability.

Wegavecredittohisstory.

credible:deservingorworthyofbelief,trustworthy

Isthewitness'sstorycredible?

Afterthislatestaffairhehardlyseemscredibleasapolitician,

incredible:toostrangetobebelieved,unbelievable

60.hammerawayat:

away:continuously,constantly

SolittleHansworkedawayinhisgarden.

Hewaslaughing(grumbling)awayallafternoon.

61.vessel:

a.usu.roundcontainer,suchasaglass,pot,bottle,bucketorbarrel,usedforholdingliquids

b.(fml)ashiporlargeboat

c.atubethatcarriesbloodorotherliquidthroughthebody,orplantjuicethroughaplant:bloodvessel

62.bellows:aninstrumentforblowingairintoafiretomakeitbumquickly

63.theredofthelive...

Thelightoftheburningcoalbecomesalternatelybrightanddim(byturns,onefollowstheother)asthecoal

burnsanddiesdown,burnsagain,alongwiththerepeatedmovementsofthebellows.

64.glow:sendoutbrightnessorwarmth,heatorlightwithoutflameorsmoke

Whenyoudrawsadeepmouthful,thecigarettetipglows.

65.rhythmically:happeningatregularperiodsoftime,alternately;byturns

66.stroke:singlemovement,whichisrepeated(esp.inasportorgame)

Shecan'tswimbuthasmadeafewstrokeswithherarms.

67.engrave:tocut(words,pictures,etc.)onwood,stone,ormetal

Theterriblememorywasengravedonhismind.

cf.:carve:tocut(usu.woodorston