2022-2023学年浙江省湖州市高二（下）期末英语试卷（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年浙江省湖州市高二（下）期末英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）AAnxioustokeephealthy？Tryingtofindtipsonit？Justseewhattheseexpertssaidtoyou.

EatinSeason

"Thevegetablesinseasonsprovidethelowestcost，besttasteandmostnutrition，"saidregistereddietitianJillNussinow，"Ifpossible，growyourownorshopatafarmersmarketorstorewithhighproduceturnover.Becomefamiliarwithwhat'sinseason".

StayHydrated（含水的）

"Drinkatleast3litersofwaterdaily，butnomorethan1gallon，"saidTrinityPerkins，acertifiedpersonaltrainer，ISSAperformancenutritionspecialist."Stayinghydratedisessentialtoyourprogress—weightloss，energy，immunesystemfunctioningandmore!"Stayinghydratedensuresyourbodyfunctionproperlyandefficiently.

EatSlowerandStopBeforeYou'reFull

"Thisisprobablyoneofthemostimportantrulesofhealthyeating；itmeanseatinguntilyouaresatisfied，notstuffedbeyondbelief，"saidDarinHuslander，averifiednutritionist."Thisallowsyourbrainsignalstokickinandtellyourbodywhenitsfullandreadytostopeating."

CutDownonSugar

Weightgain，heartdisease，diabetes，andthelistofhealthissuesassociatedwithconsumingtoomuchaddedsugarcontinuetopileup.Theamountofsugarpeopleingest（摄入）hasbeenclimbing.Checktheingredientsbeforeyoudecideonfoodwhichishighinsugartokeepyoufeelingsatisfied.Whenyoursweettoothkicksin，reachforsomefruit.1.WhatdoesJillNussinowadviseustodo？______A.Tofindthecheapestvegetables.

B.Tostartashopatafarmersmarket.

C.Tolearntheknowledgeofseasons.

D.Togrowvegetablesforourselves.2.WhatdoesDarinHuslanderwanttostress？______A.Thequalityoffood. B.Thequantityoffood.

C.Thetypeoffood. D.Thetasteoffood.3.Howcanwecutdownonsugar？______A.Todropfoodhighinsugarforfruit.

B.Topileuphealthproblemswithsugar.

C.Totakemoreexercisesuchasclimbing.

D.Tochecktheingredientsofanyfood.BSeanElliotMartinandPanchoTimmonsarefriendsonamissiontochangetheworld，onesmallactofkindnessatatime.That'sthesubjectoftheirnewbook，QuickandEasyWorldChange，whichtheyreleasedasane-book.

Theprojectisinspiredbyanotherkindness-relatedbookMartinworkedonyearsago.Thelatestonetakespartsofthefirstbookandupdatesitwithmoreinspiringstoriesandlistsoflittlethingspeoplecandodailytospreadgoodnesswherevertheygo."Makeagameofgiving—youcanassignyourselfpointsfordifferentlittlethings，"Martinsaid."HowmanydoorscanIopeneachdayforsomeonewiththeirhandsfull？OrhowmanydifferentwayscanIhelpsomeonetoday？OrhowmanygooddeedscanIthinkof？"Italsoaddressestheconceptofcompoundkindness—adominoeffectofgooddeeds."Ifyoucomplimentoneperson，they'relikelytocomplimenttwotofivepeople，"Martinsaid.

Bothauthors'liveshavebeenimpactedbythekindnessofothers，theyeachexplained.QuickandEasyWorldChangeistheirwaytopaythoseexperiencesandsentimentsforward.ForTimmons，ateacher'scompassionincollegewasaturningpointforhim."IdidallthethingsIwassupposedtodo—workedhard，studiedhard—andendedupfailingprettymiserably，"herecalled."Buttheprofessorpulledmeasideandsaid，'You'reanAstudentturninginCandDworkbecauseyou'reclearlydyslexic（读写困难）andnotgettingthehelpyouneed.""That5-minuteconversationwasthedifferencebetweendroppingoutofcollegeandgettingtwomaster'sdegreesandnowrunningtwocompanies，"Timmonssaid."I'vespentmycareertryingtopaythatforward."

Withtheelectronicversionavailable，theirplanistofollowupwithhardcopies.Theauthorshopepeoplewilluseitlikeaworkbook，alivingdocumenttheycanmarkup，reflectonandusetomaketheirlives—andthelivesofothers—better.4.WhatisthebookQuickandEasyWorldChangeabout？______A.Positiveeffectsofkindness. B.Dreamsrealizedbytheauthors.

C.Waystofeelgoodeveryday. D.Randomactsofkindness.5.Whatdoes"theconceptofcompoundkindness"mean？______A.Beingkindisalife-longmission.

B.Helpingotherswillmakeyourday.

C.Itiseasytostepoutofthecomfortzone.

D.Anactofkindnesscansetoffachainofevents.6.HowwasTimmons'lifeimpactedbyothers'kindness？______A.Hisdyslexicwassuccessfullycured.

B.Hisscoreswerechangedbyothers.

C.Ateachercomfortedhimwithwarmwords.

D.Aprofessorassistedhimingettingmaster'sdegrees.7.Inwhatformisthebookaccessibletoreaders？______A.Electronicversion. B.Hardcopy.

C.Schoolworkbook. D.Librarydocument.C

For

motorcycle

enthusiasts,nothingbeatstheexcitementofridingyour

motorcycle

ontheopenhighwaywiththewindonyourback.Withgaspricesrising,riding

motorcyclesiseconomicalandamuchgreenerwaytotravel.Alongwiththebenefitscomestheriskofpersonalinjuryifanaccidentoccurs.Afterall,you'renotprotectedbysteellikeyouarewhiledrivingyourcar.Besidesahelmet(头盔),thelatestsafetyinnovations,newairbagjeans,arepersonalairbagsthatyoucanweartobetterprotectyourlife.

Airbagshavebeenprotectingpeopleincaraccidentsfordecades.Now,aSwedishcompany,Mo'cycle,teamedupwithanairbagtechnologycompanywhichpreviouslyproducedupperbodyprotectionfor

motorcycle

riders,todesignandproducetheairbagsjeans.Thiskindofairbagcanofferprotectionforthe

motorcycle

rider'slowerbody,especiallythetailbone,incaseofanaccident.Accordingtothecompany,"Itreformedtheairbagtechnologytoprotectthefirstboneofthespinalcolumn(脊柱),becausespinalcolumninjuryistheleadingcauseofdisabilityamong

motorcycle

riders."

Theairbagjeanslooklikeconventionaltrousers.Itscomponentisremovableandthejeanscanbewashed,dried,andwornagain.ThejeansaremadeofafabriccalledArmalithwhichisstrongerandweighslessthansteel.Armalithhelpstopreventridersfrominjuriescausedbyforceoffrictionafterafall.Theairbagsfixedintothefabrichelpprotecttheriderifheorshefallsoffthe

motorcycle.Iftheriderisseparatedfromthevehicle,theairbagsaretouchedoffinseconds.That'sbecausethemechanismisactuallyachainthatconnectsthejeanstothe

motorcycle.

Mo'cycle'sairbagjeansareavailableonthecompany'scrowdfundingcampaignalongwithanairbagshirtandacompleteprotectionpackage.Obviously,theycanprovideprotectionformore

motorcycle

riders.Makingtheroadssaferforthemiscertainlyaworthyeffort.8.WhatisthepurposeofParagraph1?A.Toshowthepopularityofmotorcycles.

B.Tostressthenecessityofairbagsjeans.

C.Tostatetheimportanceofwearinghelmets.

D.Todisplaytheexcitementofhighwayriding.9.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph2?A.Thetailboneinjuriesarehardtoidentify.

B.Airbagsofferoverallprotectionforriders.

C.Mo'cycleisfamousforairbagdesignandproduction.

D.Theairbagjeansarebasedontheexistingtechnology.10.Whatisafeatureofairbagjeans?A.Theyleadanewfashiontrend. B.Theyarecomfortabletowear.

C.Theyarequickinresponse. D.Theyneedfixingregularly.11.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthefutureoftheairbagjeans?A.Indifferent. B.Uncertain. C.Promising. D.Curious.DNASA'sJamesWebbSpaceTelescopehastakenitsfirstimageofaplanetoutsideofoursolarsystem.ThetelescoperecordedfourdifferentviewsofHIP65426b，alargeplanetabout6to12timesthemassoftheplanetJupiter.

"Thisisahistoriesmoment，notonlyforWebbbutalsoforastronomygenerally，"saidSashaHinkley，associateprofessorofphysicsandastronomyattheUniversityofExeter.AstronomersdiscoveredHIP65426bin2017usingtheEuropeanSouthernObservatory'sVeryLargeTelescopeinChile.Itisayoungexoplanet（系外行星）around15to20millionyearsold—Earthis4.5billionyearsold.

AccordingtoNASA，takingdirectimagesofexoplanetspresentsachallengebecausestarsaremuchbrighterthantheirsurroundingplanets—HIP65426bismorethan10，000timesdullerthanitshoststarinthenear-infrared（近红外光），andafewthousandtimesdullerinthemid-infrared.

Webbhasanear-infraredcameraandmid-infraredinstrument，whicharebothequippedwithcoronagraphs（日冕仪）."ItwasreallyimpressivehowwelltheWebbcoronagraphsworkedtosuppressthelightofthehoststar，"Prof.Hinkleysaid.Sincetheplanetisaround100timesfurtherawayfromitshoststarthanEarthisfromtheSun，thetelescopecaneasilyseparateitfromthestarintheimage.

Althoughthisisnotthefirstdirectimageofanexoplanettakenfromspace，astheHubbleSpaceTelescopehastakendirectexoplanetimagespreviously，theimagepointsthewaytofutureobservationsthatwilldisclosemoreinformationaboutexoplanets."Ithinkwhat'smostexcitingisthatwe'veonlyjustbegun，"saidAarynnCarter，apostdoctoralresearcherattheUniversityofCalifornia."Therearemanymoreimagesofexoplanetstocomethatwillshapeouroverallunderstandingoftheirphysics，chemistry，andformation.Wemayevendiscoverpreviouslyunknownplanets，too."12.WhatcanbeinferredaboutHIP65426b？______A.ItwasfirstobservedinChile.

B.Itisaplanetofthesolarsystem.

C.ItisaboutthesizeofJupiter.

D.IthasalongerhistorythanEarth.13.WhyisithardtotakedirectimagesofHIP65426b？______A.It'sveryclosetoitshoststar.

B.Infraredcamerascan'tspotit.

C.It'ssurroundedbyotherplanets.

D.Thelightofitshoststaristoostrong.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"suppress"inparagraph4mean？______A.Strengthen. B.Block. C.Identify. D.Adjust.15.WhatdoesAarynnCartersayabouttheimageofHIP65426b？______A.Itistheonlyimageofexoplanets.

B.Itisusefulinexploringotherexoplanets.

C.Itprovidesdetailsoftheexoplanet.

D.Ithelpsunderstandthesolarsystembetter.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）Everyonehasoneormoretalents.Bringingoutthebestinotherscangraduallychangetheworld.（1）______Withpatience，youcangraduallyfindtheadmirablecharacteristicsofpeoplearoundyou.Herearesomewaystohelpyoutoidentifyandadmirethetalentsofpeoplearoundyou.

Givingisagoodwaytofindoutthegoodqualitiesinothers.Beingkinddoesn'tjustmeanhelpingsomeonefinancially.Youcanassistthemwithyouradvice，talentsandsoon.（2）______Besides，youwillknowhowtheydealwiththeirproblemsinlifewithamind：nevergiveup.

Talentsadoptseveralformsandtheyputpeopleindifferentcircumstances.Thus，youneedtobeflexibletodiscovergoodqualitiesinothers.Somepeopleyoucomeacrossmayhavedifferentattitudestowardslifefromyou.（3）______

Nobodyisperfectandeveryonehassomeshortcomings.However，theseareusefultoyou.（4）______Startbyanalyzingtheshortcomingsinothers，andthenyoucaneasilyfindoutthegoodqualitiestheyalreadyhave.

（5）______Oneofthefinestwaystodiscovergoodcharacteristicsofothersistoaskthemsomethingabouttheirsuccessandfailure.Themoreyouarecurious，themoreyouwillknowaboutaperson.

A.Developaninterestinothers.

B.Liveinthepresenttospotothers'talents.

C.Knowingone'sweaknessesisagreatwaytounderstandthem.

D.Forthat，youneedtolearntoexploregoodqualitiesinothers.

E.Discoveringthegoodinotherscanbringoutthebestinyourself.

F.Duringthisprocess，youwillknowwhatdifficultytheyarefacingnow.

G.Yourbiggestchallengeistoputasideyourownmindandseethebrightspotofthem.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）Nickwastroubledandaimless.Thenonenight，everythingchanged.

Atfirst，itwasjustfaintlightasNickdrovepastatwo-storyhouse.Thenherealizedthehousewasonfire.Heimmediatelypulleduptoinvestigate.（1）______wasclimbingupthefrontporch.Hurryingoutofthe（2）______，heyelled，"Help，fire!"AcardrovepastandNicktriedto（3）______ittostop，butinvain.

Herantothebackdoor，sureitwouldbe（4）______.Tohisamazement，itswungopen.Without（5）______，Nickraninside，peeringintoroomstoseeifanyonewashome.Hehadjuststartedclimbingwhenhe（6）______andsawfourfacesemergeatthetopofthestairs.AfterNick'swarning，theycamepouringdownandrushedout.

"Anybodyelseinthere？"Nickasked.Whentolda6-year-oldwasstillin，heranback.Bynow，thewholehousewasinflames.Thesmellwas（7）______.Thesmokewasthick.HeliftedhisT-shirttocoverhismouthandnose.Ashehesitated，heheardthekidcrying（8）______.Nickstumbledintotheblackness，（9）______onsmoke.His（10）______stayedalertashemovedtowardthesound.ThensuddenlythekidwasinfrontofhimandNickquicklygrabbedherintohisarms.Theflameswere（11）______evencloser.Nicktookafewsteps（12）______andthrewhimselfoutofthewindow.Outside，thefirefightershadarrived.Hehandedoverthegirl—crying，butmiraculouslyuninjured（13）______acutonherarm—beforecollapsingonthesidewalk.

Nick'sburnshavemostlyhealed，butotherchangeshavebeenfargreater.Asnewsabouthis（14）______spread，aGoFundMeaccountforhishospitalbillsexploded，reaching﹩600，000."Itsomehowfeelslikebothanear-deathexperienceanda（15）______."Nicksaid.21.

A.Air B.Water C.Smoke D.Mist22.

A.vehicle B.house C.bay D.fire23.

A.put B.signal C.break D.take24.

A.locked B.frozen C.wrapped D.melted25.

A.interruption B.delay C.motion D.sympathy26.

A.lookedup B.gotup C.lookeddown D.gotdown27.

A.dizzy B.pleasant C.bitter D.intense28.

A.desperately B.patiently C.tightly D.precisely29.

A.hesitating B.spraining C.choking D.collapsing30.

A.ankles B.throats C.ears D.fists31.

A.skipping B.inching C.sinking D.fading32.

A.forward B.downward C.upward D.backward33.

A.dueto B.insteadof C.apartfrom D.asfor34.

A.realism B.heroism C.criticism D.pessimism35.

A.recovery B.reputation C.reform D.rebirth四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.In2008，DuMenggraduatedfromtheCentralAcademyofFineArtswithamajorinVisualCommunicationArt.Before（1）______（specialize）inglassartattheRochesterInstituteofTechnology'sMasterofFineArtsprogramintheUnitedStates，amemorabletripsparkedherinterestinthecraft.

"Attheendof2008，oursupervisor（2）______（take）meandmyclassmatesonatriptotheU.S.In（3）______artmuseumonthetrip，Ifirstsawartistsusingglassasamaterial（4）______（create）theirwork.Iwascuriousabouthowglasscouldbeusedinsuchaway，"saidDuMeng.

"I（5）______（particular）liketoseethechangingstateof（6）______（shadow）castbylightpassingthroughglassatdifferenttimesandseasons，"Duexplained."Theinterestingthingaboutglass（7）______（be）thatyounotonlyneedtoconsidertheglassitself，（8）______thelightitreflects."

There'sagroupofworks（9）______DuMengiscurrentlyexperimentingwith.Thenameis"DriftThroughtheForest，SilenceintheValley，"andintheworkshehasrecycledalotofglasssodabottles.Shesaidit'scompletelydifferent（10）______whatsheimagined.It'snotclear，andtherearemanytexturessimilartocrackedice.Shebelievedthenaturallyformedstateisverybeautiful.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37.假定你是高二学生李华，你校上周举办了第五届社团成果展（theFifthClubExhibition），请你写一篇活动报道，介绍本次活动。内容包括：

（1）活动目的；

（2）活动经过；

（3）活动反响。

注意：

（1）写作词数应为80左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

TheFifthClubExhibitioninOurSchool38.Ikeepatwo-dollarbillinmywalletthatwasgiventomebymymotherwhenIwassixyearsold.Istillrememberthedaywhenshepulledmeintothelivingroomandsaid，"Youarebrilliantinmymind，butifyoufailoncedon'tgiveup.Don'tfearfailure.Itisawayofgettingustotryharder.Youwillsucceed，Ipromise."

Shelookedatmeandcontinued，"Iwantyoutocarrythistwo-dollarbillforextragoodluck."

"Thanksmom，"Ireplied."Iwillkeepitclosetomealways."

Iamnotsuperstitious（迷信的），butfromthatdayonthebillgoeswithmewhereverIgo.Ifirmlybelievethatluckwouldfollowmeeverywhere.

EverymorningIwouldgetdressedandmytwo-dollarbillwentintomypocket.MymotherpassedawaywhenIwas17yearsoldandIremembertakingoutmytwo-dollarbill.Ihelditinmyhandforthelongesttimeandknewthatshewouldbewatchingovermetherestofmylife.

EachtimeIfeltIhadacrisisonmyhands，Iwouldreachformytwo-dollarbillandsetitonthetable.Iwouldstareatitforseveralhoursandcouldalwayscomeupwithasolution.

WhenIappliedformyfirstjob，Iwasthirtyyearsoldandveryshy.ThethoughtofbeinginterviewedforajobwasscarybutIhadtowork.Onmyfirstinterview，asIsatinthewaitingroom，Inoticedtherewerefivewomenaheadofme.Allofthewomenwereyoungerandverywelldressed.Oneofthemlookedperfectinherbluestripedsuitwithmatchingpurseandshoes.IknewIwasupagainstwomenbetterqualifiedbylookingatthelengthoftheirresumes（简历）.

注意：

（1）续写词数应为150左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Paragraph1：Mrs.Martin，theofficemanager，calledmeintoheroffice.

Paragraph2：Latethatafternoon，whileIwascooking，thetelephonerang.

答案和解析1~3.【答案】D、B、A【解析】（1）目的意图题。根据第二段

"The

vegetables

in

seasons

provide

the

lowest

cost，best

taste

and

most

nutrition，"said

registered

dietitian

JillNussinow，

"If

possible，grow

your

own

or

shop

at

a

farmers

market

or

store

with

high

produce

turnover.Become

familiar

with

what's

in

season".（注册营养师Jill

Nussinow说："应季蔬菜成本最低，味道最好，营养最多。如果可能的话，自己种植，或者在农产品周转率高的农贸市场或商店购买。熟悉当季的食物。"）可知，Jill

Nussinow建议我们自己种植应季蔬菜。结合选项A.To

find

the

cheapest

vegetables.寻找最便宜的蔬菜；B.To

start

a

shop

at

a

farmers

market.在农贸市场开一家店；C.To

learn

the

knowledge

of

seasons.学习季节的知识；D.To

grow

vegetables

for

ourselves.我们自己种植蔬菜。分析可知，D项符合文意。故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据第四段

"This

is

probably

one

of

the

most

important

rules

of

healthy

eating；it

means

eating

until

you

are

satisfied，notstuffed

beyond

belief，"said

Darin

Hu

slander，a

verified

nutritionist."This

allows

your

brain

signals

to

kick

in

and

tell

your

body

when

its

full

and

ready

to

stop

eating."（"这可能是健康饮食最重要的规则之一；它意味着吃到你感到满意，而不是吃得难以置信，"资深营养学家Darin

Hu

slander说。"这会让你的大脑发出信号，告诉你的身体什么时候吃饱了，什么时候可以停止进食。"）可知，Darin

Hu

slander强调进食的量，即吃多少合适的问题。结合选项A.The

quality

of

food.食物的质量；B.The

quantity

of

food.食物的数量；C.The

type

of

food.食物的种类；D.The

taste

of

food.食物的味道。分析可知，B项符合文意。故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段后两句Check

the

ingredients

before

you

decide

on

food

which

is

high

in

sugar

to

keep

you

feeling

satisfied.When

your

sweet

tooth

kicks

in，reach

for

some

fruit.（在你决定吃高糖食物之前，先检查一下食物的成分，让你感到满足。当你开始想吃甜食的时候，吃点水果吧。）可知，作者认为我们在选择食物时要查看成分表，避免摄入过多的糖分，可以选择水果来满足甜食的需求。故选A。

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些专家给出的保持健康的建议。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

4~7.【答案】A、D、C、A【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Sean

Elliot

Martin

and

Pancho

Timmons

are

friends

on

a

mission

to

change

the

world，one

small

act

of

kindness

at

a

time.That's

the

subject

of

their

new

book，Quick

and

Easy

World

Change

，which

they

released

as

an

e-book.（肖恩•艾略特•马丁和潘乔•蒂蒙斯是朋友，他们的使命是改变世界，一次做一件小小的善举。这就是他们的新书《快速改变世界》（QuickandEasyWorldChange）的主题，这本书以电子书的形式发行。）可知《快速改变世界》这本书是关于善良的积极影响的。故选A。

（2）推理判断题。根据第二段It

also

addresses

the

concept

of

compound

kindness—a

domino

effect

of

good

deeds."If

you

compliment

one

person，they're

likely

to

compliment

two

to

five

people，"Martin

said.（它还提出了复合善良的概念——做好事的多米诺骨牌效应。"如果你赞美一个人，他们可能会赞美两到五个人，"马丁说。）可知"复合善良的概念"的意思是一个善举可以引发一连串的事件。故选D。

（3）推理判毒啊你。根据倒数第二段Bothauthors'liveshavebeenimpactedbythekindnessofothers，theyeachexplained.QuickandEasyWorldChangeistheirwaytopaythoseexperiencesandsentimentsforward.ForTimmons，ateacher'scompassionincollegewasaturningpointforhim.

"IdidallthethingsIwassupposedtodo—workedhard，studiedhard—andendedupfailingprettymiserably，"herecalled.

"Buttheprofessorpulledmeasideandsaid，'You'reanAstudentturninginCandDworkbecauseyou'reclearlydyslexic

andnotgettingthehelpyouneed."

"That5-minuteconversationwasthedifferencebetweendroppingoutofcollegeandgettingtwomaster'sdegreesandnowrunningtwocompanies，"Timmonssaid.

"I'vespentmycareertryingtopaythatforward."（他们各自解释说，两位作者的生活都受到了他人善意的影响。快速而轻松的世界变化是他们付出这些经历和情感的方式。对蒂蒙斯来说，一位老师在大学里的同情心对他来说是一个转折点。他回忆道："我做了所有我应该做的事情——努力工作，努力学习，结果失败得很惨。"。"但教授把我拉到一边，说，'你是一名A学生，转而从事C和D的工作，显然是因为你有阅读障碍，却没有得到所需的帮助。'"蒂蒙斯说："这5分钟的对话改变了我从大学辍学的命运，转而获得两个硕士学位，并于现在经营两家公司。"。"我的职业生涯一直在努力向前迈进。"）可知老师的话让Timmons没有辍学，后来得两个硕士学位，现在经营两家公司。所以一位老师用温暖的话安慰了他。故选C。

（4）细节理解题。根据第一段That's

the

subject

of

their

new

book，Quick

and

Easy

World

Change

，which

they

released

as

an

e-book.（这就是他们的新书《快速改变世界》（QuickandEasyWorldChange）的主题，这本书以电子书的形式发行。）可知《快速改变世界》这本书是以电子版的形式对读者开放的。故选A。

本文主要介绍了Sean

Elliot

Martin和Pancho

Timmons两位朋友出版的新书《快速改变世界》，这本书的目的是通过每天做一些小事情来改变世界。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

8~11.【答案】B、D、C、C【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了安全气囊牛仔裤可以更好地保护人们的生命，文章介绍了安全气囊牛仔裤的原理以及涉及的技术。

1.

根据第一段内容（对于摩托车爱好者来说，没有什么比骑着摩托车在开阔的高速公路上迎风而行更令人兴奋的了。随着汽油价格的上涨，骑摩托车是一种既经济又环保的出行方式。随着这些好处而来的是，如果发生事故，人身伤害的风险。毕竟，你不像开车时那样受到钢铁的保护。除了头盔之外，最新的安全创新产品——新型安全气囊牛仔裤——是一种个人安全气囊，你可以穿上它来更好地保护你的生命。）可推知，第一段的目的是强调安全气囊牛仔裤的必要性。故选B。2.

根据第二段中的Now,aSwedishcompany...becausespinalcolumninjuryistheleadingcauseofdisabilityamongmotorcycleriders.（现在，一家瑞典公司Mo'cycle与一家安全气囊技术公司合作，设计和生产安全气囊牛仔裤。该公司之前为摩托车手生产上半身保护装置。这种安全气囊可以在发生事故时保护摩托车骑手的下半身，特别是尾骨。据该公司介绍，“它改革了安全气囊技术，以保护脊柱的第一块骨头，因为脊柱损伤是摩托车骑手致残的主要原因。”）可推知，安全气囊牛仔裤是基于现有技术。故选D。3.

根据倒数第二段中的Iftheriderisseparatedfromthevehicle,theairbagsaretouchedoffinseconds.（如果骑手与车辆分离，安全气囊会在几秒钟内被触发。）可知，安全气囊牛仔裤的特点反应迅速。故选C。4.

根据最后一段中的Obviously...Makingtheroadssaferforthemiscertainlyaworthyeffort.（显然，他们可以为更多的摩托车骑手提供保护。让道路对他们来说更安全当然是值得的。）可推知，作者认为安全气囊牛仔裤的未来很有前途。故选C。

12~15.【答案】A、D、B、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段第二句AstronomersdiscoveredHIP65426bin2017usingtheEuropeanSouthernObservatory'sVeryLargeTelescopeinChile.（天文学家于2017年在智利使用欧洲南方天文台的超大望远镜发现了HIP65426b。）可知，天文学家2017年在智利使用欧洲南方天文台的甚大望远镜发现了HIP65426b，故选A。

（2）推理判断题。根据第三段AccordingtoNASA，takingdirectimagesofexoplanetspresentsachallengebecausestarsaremuchbrighterthantheirsurroundingplanets—HIP65426bismorethan10，000timesdullerthanitshoststarinthenear-infrared.（根据美国国家航空航天局的说法，直接拍摄系外行星的图像是一项挑战，因为它的宿主恒星比周围的行星亮得多--HIP65426b在近红外波段比其主星暗10000多倍。）可知，很难直接拍摄HIP65426b的图像的原因是它的宿主恒星的光线太强了，故选D。

（3）词义猜测题。根据根据第四段第二句"It

was

really

impressive

how

well

the

Webb

coronagraphs

worked

to

suppress

the

light

of

the

host

star，"

Prof.Hinkley

said.（欣克利教授说："韦伯日冕仪抑制主星光线的效果非常好，令人印象深刻。"）可知，日冕仪挡住了HIP65426b的宿主恒星的光线，划线词的含义应为"抑制，挡住"含义。结合选项A．Strengthen.加强；B．Block.阻挡，限制；C．Identify.认同；D．Adjust.调整。分析可知，B项与划线词意思最接近。故选B。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句

"There

are

many

more

images

of

exoplanets

to

come

that

will

shape

our

overall

understanding

of

their

physics，chemistry，and

formation.We

may

even

discover

previously

unknown

planets，too."（未来还有更多的系外行星图像，这些图像将塑造我们对其物理、化学和构成的整体理解。我们甚至可能发现以前未知的行星。）可知，AarynnCarter认为HIP65426b的图像可用于探索其他系外行星，故选B。

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了詹姆斯•韦布太空望远镜首次拍摄到了太阳系外的一颗行星的照片以及照片对于研究未知系外行星的意义。

做阅读时首先要通读全文，理解文章大意，然后带着问题到原文中找信息句，仔细研究问题和跟问题有关的句子，琢磨其意思，选出正确答案。

16~20.【答案】D、F、G、C、A【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前句Bringingoutthebestinotherscangraduallychangetheworld（激发别人最好的一面可以逐渐改变世界），可知D项"为此，你需要学会发掘别人身上的优点"可以承接前句激发别人最好的一面的话题，介绍激发别人最好的一面的方法，that代指learntoexploregoodqualitiesinothers，故选D。

（2）推理判断题。根据前句Youcanassistthemwithyouradvice，talentsandsoon（你可以用你的建议、才能等等来帮助他们）；以及后句Besides，youwillknowhowtheydealwiththeirproblemsinlifewithamind：nevergiveup（此外，你会知道他们如何处理他们的问题在生活中有一个头脑：永不放弃），可知F项"在这个过程中，你会知道他们现在面临着什么样的困难"可以让上下文语意连贯空，承接前句通过你的建议帮助他们的话题，和后句一起介绍通过你的建议帮助他们会带来的好处，Duringthisprocess指代空前提到的帮助他人，故选F。

（3）推理判断题。根据前句Somepeopleyoucomeacrossmayhavedifferentattitudestowardslifefromyou（你遇到的一些人对生活的态度可能与你不同），可知G项"你最大的挑战是把自己的想法放在一边，看到他人身上的闪光点"可以和前句构成因果关系，因为你遇到的一些人对于生活可能和你有不同的看法，所以发现这些人的优点很难，故选G。

（4）推理判断题。根据前句Nobodyisperfectandeveryonehassomeshortcomings.However，theseareusefultoyou（没有人是完美的，每个人都有缺点。然而，这些对你是有用的），可知C项"了解一个人的弱点是了解他们的好方法"可以承接前句每个人都有缺点的话题，说明他人的缺点对你有用的原因，故选C。

（5）主题判断题。根据后文One

of

the

finest

ways

to

discover

good

characteristics

of

others

is

to

ask

them

something

about

their

success

and

failure.The

more

you

are

curious，the

more

you

will

know

about

a

person（发现他人优秀特质的最好方法之一是向他们询问他们的成功和失败。你越好奇，你对一个人的了解就越多）可知A项"培养对他人的兴趣"是对整段内容的概括性描述，interest与curious相照应，故选A。

这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了发现他人优点和特长的几个方法。

这个题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有帮助。

21~35.【答案】C、A、B、A、B、A、D、A、C、C、B、D、C、B、D【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.Air空气；B.Water水；C.Smoke烟；D.Mist雾。根据前文"Then

herealized

the

house

was

on

fire."可知，房子着火了，烟顺着前廊往上窜。故选C。

（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.vehicle车辆；B.house房子；C.bay海湾；D.fire火。根据前文"At

first，it

was

just

faintlight

as

Nick

drove

past

a

two-story

house."可知，尼克开车经过房子，故看到房子着火，他从车上下来。故选A。

（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.put放；B.signal发信号；C.break打破；D.take带走。根据后文"tostop"可知，发出信号，示意他人停车。故选B。

（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.locked被锁住；B.frozen冻住；C.wrapped包裹；D.melted融化。根据后文"To

hisamazement，it

swung

open"可知，后门并没有如他所想，以为是锁着，而门是开着的。故选A。

（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.interruption打扰；B.delay推迟；C.motion移动；D.sympathy同情。根据下文"peering

into

rooms

to

see

if

anyone

washome"可知，尼克毫不迟延地跑进屋里，朝房间里张望，看是否有人在家。故选B。

（6）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.looked

up查阅，向上看；B.got

up起床；C.looked

down看不起；D.gotdown静下心。根据后文"saw

four

facesemerge

at

the

top

of

the

stairs."可知，他抬头向上看，看见了四个人的面孔。故选A。

（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.dizzy头晕目眩的；B.pleasant愉快的；C.bitter苦的，心酸的；D.intense强烈的。根据前文"By

now，the

whole

housewas

in

flames."以及后文"The

smoke

wasthick."可知，火势凶猛，烟很浓，烧灼的气味很浓烈。故选D。

（8）考查副词及语境理解。A.desperately渴望地，绝望地；B.patiently耐心地；C.tightly紧紧地；D.precisely精确地。根据前文"he

heard

the

kid

crying"可知，他听到了孩子绝望的哭声。故选A。

（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.hesitating犹豫；B.spraining扭；C.choking窒息；D.collapsing倒塌。根据后文"on

smoke"可知，尼克被烟呛得喘不过气来。故选C。

（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.ankles脚踝；B.throats喉咙；C.ears耳朵；D.fists拳头。根据后文"Then

suddenly

thekid

was

in

front

of

him

and

Nick

quicklygrabbed

her

into

his

arms."可知，他朝声音的方向移动时，耳朵保持警觉，然后突然，孩子出现在他面前，尼克迅速地把她抱在怀里。故选C。

（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.skipping跳过，略过；B.inching缓慢移动；C.sinking下沉；D.fading褪色。根据后文"even

closer"可知，尼克距离火焰越来越近，火焰慢慢的靠近（吞噬着）尼克。故选B。

（12）考查副词及语境理解。A.forward向前；B.downward向下；C.upward向上；D.backward向后。根据后文"threw

himselfoutof

the

window."可知，尼克后退了几步，用来缓冲，然后跳出窗户。故选D。

（13）考查固定短语及语境理解。A.due

to因为；B.insteadof反之；C.apart

from除了；D.as

for至于。根据后文"a

cut

on

her

arm"可知，女孩除了手臂上的伤口外，其他地方没有受伤。故选C。

（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.realism现实主义；B.heroism英雄行为；C.criticism批判主义；D.pessim