近五年高考英语真题中的语法填空题及答题策略

近五年高考英语真题中的语法填空题及答题策略

已给单词提示类

01名词形式变化

提示单词为名词的情况，名词可以变成单数、复数或者所有格形式。

例：Therearemanystudentslivingatschool.The___(child)housesare

allfarfromschool.

答案：children's

思路分析：由students一词可以判断出横线处应填复数，且作为houses的定

语，所以应用其所有格形式，故答案为child的复合变化形式一一复数的所有

格children'So

02动词形式变化

例：Atalk(give)tomorrowiswrittenbyProfessorWang.

答案：t。begiven

思路分析：句中的iswhtten是整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动词应当用作非

谓语。从tomorrow可以看出，报告是"将来”的，故用不定式；且报告是give

动作的承受者，故可以判断这里用give的不定式被动式——tobegiven。

03代词形式变化

代词变化通常适合人称变化相关。看到提示单词是代词，一定要注意人称！

人称代词注意主宾格，物主代词注意形容词性还有名词性。

另外还有几个不定代词的变化形式，比如n。onenone,other还有another,

最后千万不要忘了反身代词。

例：Thekingdecidedtoseethepainterby(he).

答案：himself

思路分析：由介词by可以看出，横线处应填反身代词himseh

04形容词、副词变化

一般情况都是形容词副词互换形式，做改错的同学肯定特别有经验。形容词跟

副词之间反复横跳，这可是改错的传统艺能，堪比名词单复数。

不过需要注意的是，形容词和副词还有比较级以及最高级的变化，一般构成比

较级和最高级的方式，或通过加后缀-er和-est,或在词前加more/less和

most/least,且形容词的最高级还要冠以the。

例：Iam___(tall)thanLiuWen.Heisthetalleststudentsinmyclass.

答案：lesstall

思路分析：此题后句交代了LiuWen是班上最高的学生，那"我"肯定比他矮,

所以不能用taller,只能用表示程度不如的"lesstall"。

05数词形式变化

数词变化基本是考查基数词、序数词，再或者就是作分母用的序数词的单复数

形式，以及。ne/two的特殊变化形式once/twice。

例：TomythreesonsIleavemyseventeenhorses.Myeldestsonshalltake

ahalf,mysecondsonshalltakea___(three).

答案：third

思路分析：从上下文连续起来理解，这是一个分马的计划，大儿子分得ahalf,

也就是"一半"或"二分之一"，那么二儿子应该得“三分之一"，所以要填入作分

母的序数词"third”才能命中目标。

06词的派生

词的派生考查点主要出现在名词、动词、形容词和副词四种词当中。这个主要

考验对词根、前后缀、派生词的掌握。

例：Peterlosthiswalletyesterday,sohewasvery(happiness).

答案：unhappy

思路分析：学生很容易判断出该用形容词；钱包丢了，人应该是不开心的，所

以要再加个前缀-un,就成了unhappy.,

未给单词提示类

01固定短语结构

看句子中间划横线的前后，还有整句判断前后是否构成一个固定短语。有时候

需要对横线前或后的几个单词“视而不见”才能找到答题点。

例l：Thechildrenwereplayingontheground,enjoying,dirtybuthappy.

答案：themselves

思路分析:从句中的happy可以猜出孩子们是开心的，所以应用enjoyoneself

短语，故其答案为themselves。

例2：Hisbosswasangryastofirehim.

答案：so

思路分析：如果"跳过"横线后面的angry,就可以发现这里用到一个关联短语

so...asto...,所以，so是正解。

02从句引导词

例1：Hedidnotdohisfatherhadaskedhimtodo.

答案：what

思路分析：审题可知，横线所在为宾语从句的引导词，此引导词在从旬中充当

宾语，且指物，所以是what。

例2：Thosewanttogotothevillagemustsignhere.答案：who

思路分析：经过观察可以判断横线所在为定语从句的引导词，进一步观察可知

先行词为those,且指人，所以只能填入who,在定语从句中作主语飞

03动词短语结构

动词短语是以动词为中心的两个或多个词构成的短语，此类短语中往往是动词

与介词或副词连用的多些。

例：TheUSconsistsfiftystates.

答案：of

思路分析：根据常识可知，美国由50个州组成，故横线处与前一词组合，表

示“由……组成"，所以答案是of。

04短语介词结构

短语介词即多个词的组合。起介词作用的短语，如：exceptfor,dueto等。

例：MrSmithtookaplanetoLondonoftakingatrain.

答案：instead

思路分析:此题中说到两种交通工具,所以可以理解此句有"坐......而不是坐......"

的意思，故答案为instead,以构成介词短语insteadof。

05连词、关联短语结构

常用的连词有and,or,but,so,for,while等。

常用的关联短语有both...and...,either...or...,neither...nor...,notonly...but

also…等。

例:MarrieandJannielikegoingtothetheatre.

答案：Both

思路分析：横线处的词与后面可以构成both...and,故答案为Both。

06冠词、介词和常用的副词

例1：Jackielikestodriveathighspeed.

答案：a

思路分析:这里考查的是不定冠词的习惯用法，答案为a,构成atahighspeed,

"以高速"开车。

例2：OldTom'sgranddaughterusedtovisithimSaturdayafternoon.

答案：on

思路分析：Saturdayafternoon是指定的某天下午，所以不用介词in,而用on

才是正解。

例3：ThoughLiuQiangdidthesameworkZhangWendid,hegota

lowerpayZhangWen.

答案：than

思路分析：第一条横线可由前面的thesame断出用as,第二条横线则可由

lower断出比较意义，故答案为thano

071上下文中出现的关联词

例：Tonytravellingabroad,butdislikesstayinghomewatchingTV.

答案：likes

思路分析：由第二句话中的dislikes可以判断,此横线处应该是填其反义词likes。

全国各地历年高考真题全收录

2022年新高考I卷

TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiantPandaNational

Park(GPNP).56(cover)anareaaboutthreetimes57sizeof

YellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthe

country.Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareas

that__58___(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotected

areasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority___59___(increase)effectivenessand

reduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.

Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.The

GPNP__60___(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingthe

authenticityandintegrity(完整'性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiological

diversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,___61___leavingbehindprecious

naturalassets(资产)forfuturegenerationsv.TheGPNP'smaingoalistoimprove

connectivitybetweenseparate___62___(population)andhomesofgiantpandas,

and___63___(eventual)achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.

Giantpandasalsoserve___64___anumbrellaspecies(物种)，bringingprotectionto

ahostofplantsandanimalsinthesouthwesternandnorthwesternpartsofChina.

TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthe

species65livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethe

healthoftheecosysteminthearea.

2022年全国甲卷

Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi'an,asa

firststep___61___(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路线)byfoot.

Onthe1,100.Kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkang,___62___losthiseyesight

attheageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovince.

InspiredbytheBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation__63___(hold)

inBeijing,Caodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute(致敬)totheancient

SilkRoad.___64___friendofhis,WuFan,volunteeredtobehiscompanionduring

thetrip.

CaoandWualsocollectedgarbagealongtheroad,inordertopromote

environmental___65___(protect).Caobelievesthiswillmakethehikingtripeven

more___66___(meaning).Thetwoofthemcollectedmorethan1,000plastic

bottlesalongthe40-dayjourney.

Inthelastfiveyears.Cao___67___(walk)through34countriesinsixcontinents,

andin2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa's___68___(high)mountain.

Now,CaohasstartedthesecondpartofhisdreamtowalkalongtheBeltandRoad

route.Heflew4,700kilometers___69___Xi'antoKashgaronSept.

20,70(plan)tohikebacktoXi'aninfivemonths.

2022年全国乙卷

May21stthisyearmarksthefirstInternationalTeaDay,whichwasnamed

officially__61___theUnitedNationsonNovember27th,2019.To

celebrate___62___festival,anumberofeventstookplaceattheChinese

BusinessmanMuseuminBeijingonThursday.

ThechairmanoftheChinaCulturePromotionSociety___63___(address)the

openingceremony.Z/AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplace

ofteaandthe64(large)tea-producingcountry,Chinahas

a65(responsible)toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthy

developmentoftheteaindustry.Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywith

a__66___(share)futureformankind,“hesaid.

TheFirstInternationalTeaDayTeaRoadCooperativelnitiativez,issued(发布)atthe

ceremonycallsforpeopleworkingintheteaindustrytocometogethertopromote

internationalcooperation__67___culturalexchanges.Afour-yeartea

promotion——TeaRoadCooperativePlan-wasalsoissuedinaccordancewiththe

initiative.

___68___(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludeda

numberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,__69___(invite)

twenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhoursof

uninterruptedlivebroadcasts.

TheChineseAncientTeaMuseumwasofficiallyunveiled(揭幕)attheceremon

opening70(it)firstexhibition:TheAvenueofTruth—ASpecial

ExhibitionofPu'erTea.

2022年1月浙江卷

KimCobb,aprofessorattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta,isoneofa

smallbutgrowingminorityofacademics__36___arecuttingbackontheirair

travelbecauseofclimatechange.Travellingtoconferences,lectures,workshops,

andthelikefrequentlybyplane37(view)asimportantforscientiststo

gettogetherandexchangeinformation.ButCobbandothers____38____(be)now

questioningthatideapushingconferencestoprovidemorechancestoparticipate

remotely,and___39____(change)theirpersonalbehaviortodotheirpartin

dealingwiththeclimatechangecrisis.OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSei,for

example,40_____(rough)200academics-manyofthemclimate

scientists41(promise)toflyaslittleaspossiblesincetheeffortstarted

twoyearsago.

Cobb,forherparty,startedtoaskconferenceorganizerswhoinvitedherto

speak___42___shecoulddosoremotely;aboutthree-quartersof___43___time,

theyagreed.Whentheanswer,wasno,she,declinedthe44(invite).That

approachbroughtCobb'sairtravellastyeardownby75%,andshe

plans45(continue)thepractice."Ithasbeenfairlyrewarding.",she

says,"areallypositivechange."

2021年新高考I卷

GoingtoMountHuangshanremindsmeofthepopularBeatles'song"TheLongand

WindingRoad".56issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceisthe

out-of-this-worldscenes.Therollingseaofcloudsyouseeonceyouareatthetop

willremindyouhowtinywe57(human)are.

Thehotspringatthefootofthemountainissomethingyoumusttryaftertheclimb.

Itwill58(undoubted)helpyougetrefreshed!Theamazingthingaboutthe

springisthatthecolderthetemperaturegets,the59(hot)thespring!

Strange,isn'tit?Butthat'shownatureis-alwaysleavingus60(astonish).

Whatcomesnextistheendlessseriesofsteps.Youcan/thelpwonderinghowhardit

61(be)forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.Thoughitis

theonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewhole

adventure62offersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyour

63(ache)legs.

Asthesonggoes,thislongandwindingroad“willneverdisappear”,anditwill

alwaysstickinthevisitor'smemory.Itsuredoesin64(I).Whileyou'rein

China,MountHuangshanis65musttovisit!

2021年新高考II卷

I'vealwayslovedtheocean.Inthe36(seven)grade,Istartedvolunteering

attheMontereyBayAquariuminCalifornia.Iwasupsettolearnthatmanysea

animalseatplasticgarbage,37(think)itisfood.

Idecidedtodosomething38(educate)peopleaboutthisproblem.Iheld

presentationsatschoolstoteachkidsaboutplasticwaste.Iwantedtoreach

businessestoo.IdecidedthatifIlearnedofacompany39usedalotof

plastic,I'dsenditanemailurgingittocutback.

Oneday,Isawacommercialforahealth-carecompany.Peopleintheadwereusing

plasticstraws(吸管).Ifoundthecontactinformationofthe

company40emaileditspresident.Itoldhimhow41(harm)

plasticcouldbetotheenvironmentandaskedhimtoconsiderusingmore

eco-friendlyoptions.Iwasso42(excite)whenhewrotebacktome.Hesaid

hewouldmakesurethatthecompanycutitsuseofplasticstrawsinhalf.

Ikeptgoing.WheneverIheardofbusinessesusingplastic,I'dsendanemail.Oneof

thebiggestcompaniesIwroteto43(be)AlaskaAirlinesParis.A

company44(represent)wrotebackandtoldmetheairlinewasswitching

over45plastictopapercupsonallofits1,200dailyflights.

2021年全国甲卷

TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina'slong

history.It__41___(build)originallytoprotectthecity___42___theTangdynasty

andhasnowbeencompletelyrestored6修复).Itispossible___43___(walk)orb汰e

theentire14kilometers.

WeaccessedthewallthroughtheSouthGate.Thewallis12metershighandfrom

hereyoucanseestreamsofpeoplemovinginsideandoutsidetheCityWall.

After___44___(spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,

wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat___45___(good)thantorideona

pieceofhistory!

We___46___(hire)ourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.MyEkewas

oldandshaky___47___didthejob.Ittookusabout3hourstogoall___48___way

aroundtheXi'anCityWall.Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedat

thedifferentgatesand___49___(watchtower)tofakepicturesorjusttowatchthe

localpeoplegoingabouttheir50(day)routines.

2021年全国乙卷

Ecotourismiscommonlyregardedaslowimpact(影响)traveltoundisturbedplaces.

Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecome

___61___(educate)abouttheareas-bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsand

culturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe

__62___(develop)ofthelocalareas.

Ecotourismhas___63___(it)originwiththeenvironmentalmovementofthe1970s.

Itwasnotwidelyacceptedasatravelconcept___64___thelate1980s.Duringthat

time,increasingenvironmentalawarenessmadeitdesirable.

Dueto___65___growingpopularityofenvironmentally-relatedandadventure

travel,varioustypes___66___tripsarenowbeingclassifiedasecotourism.Actually,

atrueeco-friendlytripmustmeetthefollowingprinciples:

•Minimizetheimpactof___67___(visit)theplace.

•Buildrespectforandawarenessoftheenvironmentandculturalpractices.

•Provide__68___(finance)aidandotherbenefitsforlocalpeoples.

•Makesurethatthetourismprovidesexperiencesforboththevisitorsandthehosts.

KomodoNationalPark,officiallyrecognizedin1980,ispopularforecotourism

becauseofitsuniquebiodiversity.___69___(activity)thererangefromwhale

watchingtohiking(远足)andaccommodationsaim70(have)alowimpact

onthenaturalenvironment.

2021年北京卷

A

Whydowedream?Scientistsaren'tcompletelysure,andtheyhave

diverse11(idea).Dreamsmightbeasideeffectofmemorymaking.When

yousleep,yourbrainsortsthrougheverything___12happenedduringtheday,

tryingtolinknewexperiencestooldmemories.Asit13(connect)things,

yourbrainturnsthemintoastory,andyougetadream.

B

Samisanin-real-lifestreamer(播主),andhelivestreamshimselfjustgoingabout

hisday.Whileridinghisbikehome14acoldnight,hecameacrossa

sad-lookingelderlywomanwanderingthestreetsbyherself.Thepoorwoman

wasn'tabletogivehimanyinformationabout15shelived.Samwalked

hertoanearbyconveniencestoresothatshecould16_(safe)waitforthe

policetotakeherhome.

c

There17(be)adramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweatherevents

overthepast20years,___18____(cause)largelybyrisingglobal

temperatures,accordingtoanewreportfromtheUnitedNations.From2000to

2019,therewere7,348majornaturaldisastersaroundtheworld,19___(result)

inUSD2,970billionineconomicloss.Muchofthisincreasecanbeduetoclimate

change.Thefindingsshowacriticalneed____20(invest)indisasterprevention.

2021年1月浙江卷

Inastudyof33yearsoftrendsinBodyMassIndex(体重指数)across200countries,

thescientistsfoundthatpeopleworldwidearegettingheavier28.thatmostofthe

riseisduetogainsinBMIinruralareas.

BMIisaninternationallyrecognizedmeasurementtool29,givesanindicationof

whethersomeoneisahealthyweight.Itiscalculatedbydividinga30.(person)

weightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared,andaBMIofbetween19and

2531.(consider)healthy.

Thestudyfoundthatbetween1985and2017,averageruralBMIincreased32.2.1

inwomenandmen.Incities,however,thegain33.(be)1.3inwomenand1.6in

men.Theresearchersdescribed"/strikingchanges"inthegeographyofBMI.Tn1985,

urbanmenandwomeninmorethanthreequartersofthecountries34.(study)had

higherBMIsthanmenandwomeninruralareas.But30yearslater,theBMI

differencebetweenurbanandruralpeopleinmanycountrieshad

narrowed35.(sharp).

Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeople36.(live)inthecountryside,

including37.(low)levelsofincomeandeducation,highercostsofhealthyfoods,

andfewersportsfacilities.

2021年6月浙江卷

Itdoesn'timpresslikeGeorgeWashington'splantationonthePotomac,butLincoln's

homeindowntownSpringfield,Illinois,___36___(prove)irresistibletovisitorssince

itopenedtothepublic.Beautifullyrestored(彳修复)toits1860appearance,thehouse

wasAbrahamandMaryLincoln'shomefor17years.In1844theyboughtit

___37$1,200andsomelandfromCharlesDresser,whoperformedtheir

___38(marry)ceremonyin1842.

Whenthehousewasbuilt,itwasmuch___39___(small)thanitistoday.Mary's

niecewrote,"Thelittlehome___40___(paint)white.Itwassweetandfresh.Mary

lovedit.Shewasextremelypretty,andherhousewasareflectionof

___41___(she),everythingingoodtasteandinperfectorder.

AlthoughMarylovedflowers,___42___shenorherhusbandwasknownasa

gardener.Along-timeneighborsaidtheyneverplantedtreesandonlykeptagarden

foroneyear.Mary'ssister,FrancesToddWallace,oftencameover___43___(plant)

flowersinthefrontyard.

___44___Lincolnsenlargedthehousetoafulltwostoriesin1856tomeettheneeds

oftheirgrowingfamily.ThreeofthefourLincolnsonswerebornhere.AfterLincoln

waselectedPresidentoftheUSin1861,theyrentedthehouseand

45(sell)mostoftheirfurniture.

2020・新课标I

Chinahasbecomethefirstcountrytolandaspacecraftonthefarsideofthemoon.

TheunmannedChang'e-4probe(探分则器)-thenamewasinspiredbyanancient

Chinesemoongoddess__61___(touch)downlastweekintheSouthPole-Aitken

basin.Landingonthemoon'sfarsideis___62___(extreme)challenging.Because

themoon'sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadto

putasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot__63___itcouldsendsignalstothe

spacecraftandtoEarth.Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticular___64___

(interesting)toscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters(环形山)，moreso

___65___thefamiliarnearside.Chineseresearchershopetousetheinstruments

onboardChang'e-4__66___(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.

Thisreallyexcitesscientists,nCarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,”

becauseit__67___(mean)wehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthow

themoon___68___(construct)nDataaboutthemoon'scomposition,suchashow

___69___iceandothertreasuresitcontains,couldhelpChinadecidewhether

70(it)plansforafuturelunar(月球的)basearepractical.

2020•新课标口

DeoratingwithPlants,FruitsandFlowersforChineseNewYearChineseNewYearis

a___61___(celebrate)markingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningof

spring.Thisiswhydecoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers___62___(carry)special

significance.Theyrepresenttheearth___63___(come)backtolifeandbestwishes

fornewbeginnings.

Thesearesomeofthemostpopularinmanypartsofthecountry:

Oranges:Orangetreesaremore___64___decoration;theyareasymbolofgood

fortuneandwealth.Theymakegreatgifsandyouseethemmanytimes___65___

(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.

Bamboo:Chineselovetheir“LuckyBamboo"plantsandyouwillseethemoftenin

theirhomesandoffice.___66___(certain)duringtheholidayperiod,thisplantisa

must.Bambooplantsareassociated___67___health,abundanceandahappyhome.

Theyareeasy__68___(care)forandmakegreatpresents.

BranchesofPlumBlossoms(梅花)：The69(beauty)longbranchescovered

withpink-coloredbuds(禧蕾)makefantasticdecorations.Theplumtreesare

70firsttoflowerevenasthesnowismelting(融化).Theyrepresentthe

promiseofspringandarenewaloflife.

2020・新课标m

InancientChinalivedanartist.___61___paintingswerealmostlifelike.Theartists

reputationhadmadehimproud.Onedaytheemperorwantedtogethisportrait(画

像)donesohecalledallgreatartiststocomeandpresenttheir___62___(fine)work,

sothathecouldchoosethebest.Theartistwassurehewould.___63___(choose),

butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor'schiefminister,theoldnan

laughed.ThewiseoldmantoldhimtotraveltotheLiRiver~perhapshecouldlearn

alittlefromthegreatestartistintheworld.

Filledwith___64___(curious),theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.___65___he

askedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary(传奇

的)artist,theysmiledand__66___(point)downtheriver.Thenextmorninghe

hiredaboatandsetout___67___(find)thewell-knownpainter.Asthesmallboat

moved,___68___(gentle)alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountains

beingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.Hepassedmilkywhitewaterfallsandmountains

inmanyshadesofblue.Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoft

clouds.___69___(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.Theartist

wasfinallyhumbled(谦卑)bythegreatestartist70earth,MotherNature.

2020•山东卷

Manypeoplehavethehobbyofcollectingthings,e.g.stamps,postcardsorantiques.

Inthe18thand19thcenturies,___36___(wealth)peopletravelledandcollected

plants,historicalobjectsandworksofart.Theykepttheircollectionathomeuntilit

gottoobig___37___untiltheydied,andthenitwasgiventoamuseum.The80,000

objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,___38___(form)thecore

collectionoftheBritishMuseum___39___openedin1759.

Thepartsofamuseumopentothepublic___40___(call)galleriesorrooms.Often,

onlyasmallpartofamuseum'scollection___41___(be)ondisplay.Mostofitis

storedawayorusedforresearch.

Manymuseumsarelivelyplacesandtheyattractalotofvisitors.Aswellaslooking

atexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations(模拟)andimagine___42___

(they)livingatadifferenttimeinhistoryor___43___(walk)througharainforest.At

theJorvikCentreinYork,thecity/sVikingsettlementisrecreated,andpeople

experiencethesights,soundsandsmellsoftheoldtown.Historical___44___

(accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment.Museumsmustcompete

45people'ssparetimeandmoneywithotheramusements.Mostmuseums

alsowelcomeschoolgroupsandarrangespecialactivitiesforchildren.

2020年北京卷

A

OliverisahostofaTVprogrammeonfood.Hesaysfood___1___(play)abigrolein

hislife."Mymumwasagreatcook,andshe'dsometimesletmehaveatry/'hesaid.

ThefirstdishOliverpreparedforhisfamilywasfriedchickenwings.Hemadeitwith

hismum'shelp.Oliversaysifyou're__2___(luck)enoughtohavesomeonecloseto

youwhoenjoyscooking,askthem___3___youcanjoininwhenit'spossible.

B

Single-useplasticbagsareusedatmostafewtimesbeforethey___4___(throw)

away.Ittakesthemhundredsofyears5(break)down.Manyofthesebags

endupintheoceanwherelargeronescantrapseacreatures,suchasturtlesand

dolphins.Overtime,thebagsfallapart___6___countlesstinypieces,andfishcan

accidentallyeatsomeofthem.Now,lotsof__7___(country)andregionsaretaking

actiontobanthesaleofsuchbagstostoppeopleusingthem.

C

Apieceofstone___8___(find)onaDutchbeachsuggeststhatourextincthuman

relatives,knownasNeanderthals,wereclevererthanpreviouslythought.The

Neanderthals___9___(live)alongsidehumanancestorsinEuropefortensof

thousandsofyears,beforedyingoutabout40,000yearsago.Theyweremuch

strongerthanmodernhumans,butit'slongbeenassumedthathumanancestors

were10(smart)thantheNeanderthals.However,thestonetoolmadeby

Neanderthalssuggestsotherwise.

2020•浙江卷

Sometimeafter10,000BC,peoplemadethefirstrealattempttocontroltheworld

theylived___56___,throughagriculture.Overthousandsofyears,theybeganto

dependlesson___57___couldbehuntedorgatheredfromthewild,andmoreon

animalstheyhadraisedandcropstheyhadsown.

Farmingproducedmorefoodperperson___58___huntingandgathering,sopeople

wereabletoraisemorechildren.And,asmorechildrenwereborn,morefood

___59___(need).Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepowerof

technology__60___(change)lives.

Byabout6000BC,people___61___(discover)thebestcropstogrowandanimalsto

raise.Later,theylearnedtoworkwiththe___62___(season),plantingattheright

timeand,indryareas,___63___(make)useofannualfloodstoirrigate(灌?既)their

fields.

Thisstyleoffarminglastedforquitealongtime.Then,with___64___riseofscience,

changesbegan.Newmethods65(mean)thatfewerpeopleworkedin

farming.Inthelastcenturyorso,thesechangeshaveaccelerated.Newpower

machineryandartificialfertilizers(化肥)havenowtotallytransformedawayoflife

thatstartedintheStoneAge.

2020年1月浙江卷

Somethingsignificantishappeningtotheworldpopulation-itisaging.The

median(中位数的)ageofanAmericanin195056(be)30-todayitis41andis

expected__57___(increase)to42by2050.ForJapan,the___58___(number)are

morestriking-22in1950,46todayand53in2050.In2015,onein12peoplearound

theworldwereover65；by2050,itwillbeoneinsix.

Thisagingofthepopulationisdriven59twofactors.Thefirstisdeclining

birthrates,whichmeansoldgenerationsarelarge60(compare)toyounger

generations,andso,onaverage,thepopulationbecomes61(old)thanbefore.

Thisis__62___(particular)trueintheUS.Thesecondreasonisthatpeopleareliving

longer.AchildbornintheUStodayhas___63___veryrealisticchanceofliving

beyond100andneedstoplanaccordingly.

Peopletendtofocusonthefirstfactor.However,greaterattention

should__64___(place)onlongevity(长寿).Itisn'tjustthatpeopleare,onaverage,

livinglonger.It'salsothattheyareonaveragehealthier___65___moreproductive

forlonger.Therefore,theycanworkforlonger,consumemoreandingeneralbea

boosttotheeconomy.

2019•全国卷I

ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthas

Newfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence___61___they

rangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.Itis

difficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehas

been___62___(poor)studied;however,biologis