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BasicFeedbackConceptsandTypesof(textbook:IdealClosed-loopGainandAdvantagesNegativeIdealFeedback(textbook:
(textbook:FourFeedback (textbook:12.4,12.5,12.6,StabilityoftheFeedback(textbook:12.8,12.9,1PAGE2Lec华PAGE2Lec华Ch12.FeedbackandBasicFeedbackConceptsandTypesofFeedback(textbook:12.1)IdealClosed-loopGainandAdvantagesofNegativeFeedback (textbook:12.2)IdealFeedbackTopologies(textbook:12.3)FourFeedbackConfigurations (textbook:12.4,12.5,12.6,12.7)StabilityoftheFeedbackCircuit(textbook:12.8,12.9,12.10)PAGE3Lec华PAGE3Lec华 Verygooddiff-——A+AVO2×105fHPAGE4Lec华PAGE4Lec华 Verygooddiff-V+=15VV+=15VP-AVO2×105Theopen-loopgainisveryhighsothatlinearregionissosmallerVimmaxVimmaxfHTheopen-loopBWisso
ReduceHowtosolvethoseproblem?
Negative
ExtendthePAGE5Lec华PAGE5Lec华BasicFeedbackConceptsandTypesofPositiveandnegativeACandDC12.112.1BasicFeedbackConceptsandTypesof1.PAGE6Lec华PAGE6Lec华Inafeedbacksystem,asignalthatisproportionaltooutputisfedbacktoinputandcombinedwithinputsignaltoproduceadesiredsystemresponse.Feedbackcircuit—Outputsignalistransmittedbackinputloopthrough
Feedback-+-++Open-loop—nofeedbackClosed-loop—hasfeedback
Open-loopVCCVCCC+1+TREiE=iC+iBFeedbacker++R +-+V--FeedbackoFindthefeedbacknetworkinthe
instage
instageFeedbackbetweentwostagesFindthefeedbacknetworkinthetwo12.112.1BasicFeedbackConceptsandTypesof2.PositiveandnegativeLec华Lec华TherearetwotypesoffeedbackinamplifierInnegativefeedback,outputsignal(orportionofit)isfedbacktoinputsideandissubtractedfrominputsignal.Inpositivefeedback,outputsignal(orportionofit)isfedbacktoinputsideandaddedtoinputsignal.Positive:Withfeedback,Outputincreases,wheninputsignalissame.Negative:Withfeedback,outputdecreases,wheninputsignalissame.Positive:Withfeedback,netinputsignalincreases.Negative:Withfeedback,netinputsignalRecognizingmethod:Instantaneouspolarities.Frominput,Labelingthechangingslopesofvoltagesalongthedirectionofsignalgoingwith“+”,“-”signsatsomeinstant.Netinputnetinput
netinput netinputNetinputsignalcanbevoltageor12.1BasicFeedbackConceptsandTypesof2.Positiveandnegative+v———+Thenoninvertinginputterminalandthe+v———+vvPv+ N+—
vF)
(vF
vF)NegativeNegativePositiveLec华12.112.1BasicFeedbackConceptsandTypesof2.PositiveandnegativeLec华Lec华ForThecollectorterminalandthebaseterminalhastheoppositephase(CE)Theemitterterminalandthebaseterminalhasthesamephase(CC)Thecollectorterminalandtheemitterterminalhasthesamephase(CB)
(-
net -
(-
-+net
(-
R(-R2
(- NetNet-+vOR-(-1+(-NegativebetweentwoFeedbackbetweentwostagesNetsignal
twoNegativebetweentwo12.112.1BasicFeedbackConceptsandTypesof2.PositiveandnegativeLec华Lec华NegativeininstageNetsignal12.1BasicFeedbackConceptsandTypesofACandDCACandACDC Lec 华RecognizingACandACDC Lec 华12.112.1BasicFeedbackConceptsandTypesof3.ACandDCLec华Lec华NegativeACNegativeACandDC-+vOPositiveAC+ui-TRLeeDCand-12.112.1BasicFeedbackConceptsandTypesof3.ACandDCLec华Lec华bypassACandDCLec华Lec华Ch12.FeedbackandBasicFeedbackConceptsandTypesofFeedback(textbook:12.1)IdealClosed-loopGainandAdvantagesofNegativeFeedback (textbook:12.2)IdealFeedbackTopologies(textbook:12.3)FourFeedbackConfigurations (textbook:12.4,12.5,12.6,12.7)StabilityoftheFeedbackCircuit(textbook:12.8,12.9,12.10)12.212.2IdealClosed-loopGainandAdvantagesofNegative1.IdealClosed-loopSignalLec华Lec华 SiS“Ideal”Theinputsignalistransmittedthroughtheamplifieronly,theoutputsignalistransmittedbackthroughthefeedbacknetworkonly“Ideal”means: Ignoringtheloading ofbasicamplifierandfeedbacknetworkonsource
BasicampBasicamp BasicampIgnoringtheloadingeffectsoffeedbacknetworkatoutput12.212.2IdealClosed-loopGainandAdvantagesofNegativeLec华Lec华1.IdealClosed-loopSignal
amplificationfactor(open-loopgain)feedbacktransferfunction(feedbackfactor)closed-looptransferfunction(closed-loopgain)12.212.2IdealClosed-loopGainandAdvantagesofNegative1.IdealClosed-loopSignalLec华Lec华ThegainThegainortransferfunctionofthefeedbackamplifieressentiallyesafunctionofthefeedbacknetworkonly12.212.2IdealClosed-loopGainandAdvantagesofNegative1.IdealClosed-loopSignalLec华Lec华A―open-loopAf―closed-loop―feedbackT=A―loop12.212.2IdealClosed-loopGainandAdvantagesofNegative2.GainSensitivityLec华Lec华 1Sensitivityof esvery1When
AfAfonlydependsonfeedbacknetwork,sofeedbackcomponentsshouldbelinearandstable.12.212.2IdealClosed-loopGainandAdvantagesofNegativeLec华Lec华3.BandwidthAssumethefrequencyresponseofthebasicamplifiercanbecharacterizedbyasinglepoleClosed-loop3.BandwidthHF
1AO Lower3dBisreducedbyafactorof(1+A0) L 1
3.Bandwidth
O
4.NoiseSuppression 12.212.2IdealClosed-loopGainandAdvantagesofNegative5.ReductionofNonlinearDistortion(P243-LecLec华
A 1
= . Af1.
ticiscraerchfanstrp-
essmall,butlinearityisimproved.
citeristacrasferchtranoped-12.212.2IdealClosed-loopGainandAdvantagesofNegative5.ReductionofNonlinearDistortion(P243-Lec华Lec华ANoA With +–FA+–FALec华Lec华Ch12.FeedbackandBasicFeedbackConceptsandTypesofFeedback(textbook:12.1)IdealClosed-loopGainandAdvantagesofNegativeFeedback (textbook:12.2)IdealFeedbackTopologies(textbook:12.3)FourFeedbackConfigurations (textbook:12.4,12.5,12.6,12.7)StabilityoftheFeedbackCircuit(textbook:12.8,12.9,12.10)Four Lec
12.312.3IdealFeedbackLec华Lec华1.Series-ShuntConfigurationConcerningvoltagesignals(KVL)
outputvoltageVoltage-Voltage12.312.3IdealFeedbackLec华Lec华1.Series-ShuntConfiguration(P245)ShuntonShuntonoutput:outputvoltagetendstomorestability
V1.Series-ShuntConfiguration(P245)12.312.3IdealFeedbackLec华Lec华Series-ShuntConfiguration(P245)Series-ShuntConfigurationSeriesoninput:concerningvoltagesignals(KVL),inputincreasesbyafactorShuntonoutputvoltagetendstomorestability,outputdecreasesbyafactorof(1+A).12.312.3IdealFeedback2.Shunt-SeriesConfigurationLec华Lec华 Concerningcurrentsignals(KCL)
outputcurrentClosed-loopcurrentSeriesonoutput:outputcurrenttendstomorestabilityRL Seriesonoutput:outputcurrenttendstomorestabilityShuntoninput:concerningcurrentsignals(KCL),inputdecreasesbyafactorSeriesonoutputcurrenttendstomorestability,outputincreasesbyafactorof(1+A).12.312.3IdealFeedbackLec华Lec华WhetherInput orOutput increasesaslongasinseries decreasesaslongasinSeries-SeriesConfigurationSeriesoninput:concerningvoltagesignals(KVL),inputincreasesbyafactorof(1+A).Seriesonoutputcurrenttendstomorestability,outputincreasesbyafactorof(1+A).Shunt-ShuntConfigurationShuntoninput:concerningcurrentsignals(KCL),inputdecreasesbyafactorof(1+A).Shuntonoutputvoltagetendstomorestability,outputdecreasesbyafactorof(1+A).SummaryofResults
12.312.3IdealFeedback5.RecognizingLec华Lec华ForinputShunt:feedbackSfandinputSiconnecttosame Series:feedbackSfandinputSiconnecttodifferentSi
ForoutputSeries(current-Whenloadissetshort,feedbacksignalexistsShunt(voltage-Whenloadissetshort,feedbacksignalisForoutput Series(current-sampling): loadissetshort,feedbacksignalexiststoo. Shunt(voltage-sampling):loadissetshort,feedback is12.3Ideal12.3IdealFeedback5.Recognizing•ForoutputLec华Lec华Shunt(voltage-Series(current-Lec华Lec华Ch12.FeedbackandBasicFeedbackConceptsandTypesofFeedback(textbook:12.1)IdealClosed-loopGainandAdvantagesofNegativeFeedback (textbook:12.2)IdealFeedbackTopologies(textbook:12.3)FourFeedbackConfigurations (textbook:12.4,12.5,12.6,12.7)StabilityoftheFeedbackCircuit(textbook:12.8,12.9,12.10)12.4Four12.4FourFeedback1.Voltage(Series-Shunt)AmplifiersLec华Lec华++-A++-A(+)+-Network_R1andStep2:determinepositiveornegativeInstantaneousStep3:determineinputKVLcanbeused,orinputandfeedbacksignalterminals.seriesStep4:determineoutputWhenRL=0,vO=0,vFisdirectly
areattovO,Thecircuitisaseries-shunt Idealnoninverting12.4Four12.4FourFeedbackLec华Lec华++++Step1:recognizefeedback
Network_Step2:recognizepositiveornegativeInstantaneousStep3:determineinput
KVLcanbeused,orinputandfeedbacksignalareatdifferentterminals.series.Step4:determineoutputWhenRL=0,Vo=0,VfisdirectlyproportionaltoVo,Vf=0,Thecircuitisaseries-shuntVoltage(Series-Shunt)Amplifiers12.4Four12.4FourFeedbackLec华Lec华Calculateinanidealfeedback1)Featureinanidealfeedback
A
SS
1 So,S
Inputis yequalto
NetinputofbasicampequalInanidealfeedbackcircuit,“virtualshortandvirtualopen”canbeavailable.CalculateinanidealfeedbackFeatureinanidealfeedback
Seriesinput+++-
f
VirtualVirtual
++VIf+-V I
Virtual
i
Virtual12.4Four12.4FourFeedback2.CalculateinanidealfeedbackLecLec华Approximate
0V R
+ +
VoR
o
Avf
Feedback1v1V V
R 12.4Four12.4FourFeedback2.CalculateinanidealfeedbackLec华Lec华
Vi
12.4Four12.4FourFeedbackLec华Lec华Current(Shunt-Series)Amplifiers-A+-A+R( R1Network_Step2:positiveornegativeInstantaneousStep3:determineinputKCLcanbeused,orinputandfeedbacksignalareatsameterminals.shunt.Step4:determineoutputWhenRL=0,Io0,If0,Thecircuitisashunt-seriesCurrent(Shunt-Series)Amplifiers
I
Ii
R
Io? Io
1
iIi 12.4Four12.4FourFeedbackLec华Lec华3.Current(Shunt-Series)AmplifiersFeedback—+ 12.4Four12.4FourFeedbackLec华Lec华4.Transconductance(Serise-Series)AmplifiersStep1:feedback
Network_ Step2:positiveornegativeStep3:determineinputStep4:determineoutput
+-
WhenRL=0,Io0,VfisdirectlyproportionaltoIo,Vf0,Thecircuitisaseries-series4.Transconductance(Serise-Series)Amplifiers
Vi
REIo
Io
12.4Four12.4FourFeedback4.Transconductance(Serise-Series)AmplifiersLec华Lec华Step1:feedbackNetwork_Step2:positiveornegativeStep3:determineinput Step4:determineoutput
++VfREWhenRL=0,Io0,Vf0,Thecircuitisaseries-series
VVbe
Vi
REIEI
E
RRR 12.4FourFeedback12.4FourFeedback5.(Shunt-Shunt)AmplifiersLec华Lec华iStep1:feedbacki
Network_
V
-
Step2:positiveornegative Step3:determineinputStep4:determineoutput
+WhenVo=0,IfisdirectlyproportionaltoVo,IfThecircuitisashunt-shunt0012.4FourFeedback12.4FourFeedback5.(Shunt-Shunt)AmplifiersLec华Lec华Step1:feedbackNetwork_Step2:positiveornegativeStep3:determineinputStep4:determineoutput
RRFIfVWhenVo=0, isdirectlyproportionaltoVo,Thecircuitisashunt-shunt0012.4Four12.4FourFeedbackLec华Lec华
Design:(1)Negativeseries-shunt
Positive g +dd-
+ -f
Design:(1)Negativeseries-shunt
Negativeseries-g +dd-
e+A-
Design:(2)Negativeshunt-shunt
Positive g +dd-
+A-f
Design:(2)Negativeshunt-shunt
Negativeshunt-
g +dd-
+ -f
Design:(3)series-
g +dd-
+ -f
Design:(4)shunt-
g +dd-
+A-f
Lec华Lec华12.4FourFeedback
VirtualVfVirtual VfFeedback12.4Four12.4FourFeedbackLecLec华yzecircuitanddeterminevoltagegain
DuetoVirtualopenandVirtualshortV V p p
feedbackClosed-loopvoltageR R
1
3R4)
8)Vp
Vo
R) R
12.4Four12.4FourFeedbackLec华Lec华
mineDuetoVirtualopenandVirtualClosed-loopShunt12.4Four12.4FourFeedbackLec华Lec华LecLec华C12.4FourC
mine
v
F
anE
iO(
)
thenv
i
R Closed-loop
i
eriesSSeriesA O vvI
R
OLR 1
vvVoltage vv
R LecLec华Ch12.FeedbackandBasicFeedbackConceptsandTypesofFeedback(textbook:12.1)IdealClosed-loopGainandAdvantagesofNegativeFeedback (textbook:12.2)IdealFeedbackTopologies(textbook:12.3)FourFeedbackConfigurations (textbook:12.4,12.5,12.6,12.7)StabilityoftheFeedbackCircuit(textbook:12.8,12.9,12.10)12.512.5StabilityoftheFeedback1.TheStabilityLec华Lec华T s
(s
A T j
(j
–kcabfeedBasicAIf|T|=1,ThenT(j)= A
Outputexistsforazeroinput.CircuitwillWhenphaseofT(j)is180°athigh-orlow-freq.Negative espositive.If|T(j)|=1,circuitisunstable.12.512.5StabilityoftheFeedbackLec华Lec华TheStabilityOscillatingT(j)=
A A j
j
(
) O
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