2021届广东省湛江市遂溪县第四中学高三英语下学期期中试卷及答案

2021届广东省湛江市遂溪县第四中学高三英语下学期期中试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AExpertssaythatiffoodwereacountry,itwouldranksecondbehindtheUSasoneofthebiggestgreenhousegaspolluters.Thereasonistherisingdemandformeat.Animalfarmingisresponsiblefor14.5percentofglobalmethaneemissions.Whilecowsaretheworstcontributors,pigs,sheep,donkeysandotheranimalsplayapartaswell.Animalagriculturealsocauseslandtobecomedamaged,watertobepollutedandforeststogetdestroyed.Withtheworldpopulationforecasttoriseto9.8billionby2050,thingsareonlylookingworseforouralreadydecreasingnaturalresources.Whilegoingvegetarianwouldhelp,meatconsumptionistoodeep-rootedinmostWesterndietstoallowforsuchasharp,permanentchange.Thatiswhyexpertsareadvocatingsubstitutingsomeofthebeef,chicken,orporkwithordinaryinsects!Insects,whichgrowintoadultswithinamatterofmonths,ifnotweeks,arereadyforconsumptionmuchfasterthandomesticanimals.Theyalsorequiremuchlessroom,uselesswaterandfood,andproducefarlessgreenhousegasthananimals.Ofthe1.1millioninsectspeciesworldwide,scientistshaveidentified1,700aseatable.Amongthemareants,grasshoppers,grubs,andearthworms.Justlikeanimals,eachinsecthasadifferenttaste.Treewormstastejustlikepork,andgrubsaresimilartosmokedmeat.WhileeatinginsectsmightbeanewconceptforWesternpeople,over2billionpeopleworldwideconsumeinsectsasaregularpartoftheirdiet.Besidesbeingdelicious,insectsarehighinprotein,haveveryfewcalories,andarefreeofthesaturatedfatfoundinanimalmeat.Insectscanbepreparedinmanyways.Creativecookscanusethemtocookprotein-richsoup,makebakedtreats,andevenfryafewwithvegetables.Soeatinsects---bothyourbodyandMotherEarthwillthankyouforit!Whichofthefollowinganimalscontributethemosttoglobalmethaneemissions?A.Sheep. B.Donkeys. C.Cows. D.Pigs.Howisthethirdparagraphdeveloped?A.Bymakingcomparisons. B.Byprovidingexamples.C.Bylistingdata.D.Byaskingquestions.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Fewpeopleeatinsectsregularly.Ordinaryinsectsarehighinfat.Insectscontainvariousvitamins.Saturatedfatisharmfultohealth.BPlannedmissionstothemoonneedtohurryuptoavoidhittingoneofthebusiestperiodsforextremespaceweather,accordingtoscientistsconductingthemostin-deptheverresearchonsolarstormtiming.ScientistsattheUniversityofReadingstudied150yearsofspaceweatherdatatolookintopatternsinthetimingofthemostextremeevents,whichcanbeextremelydangeroustoastronautsandsatellites.Thisnewresearchonspaceweathertimingallowspredictionstobemadeforextremespaceweather.Therefore,itcouldbeusedtoplanthetimingofactivities,whichcouldbeaffectedbyextremespaceweather,forexample,majorspacemissions.Theresearchersfoundforthefirsttimethatextremespaceweathereventsaremorelikelytooccurearlyinorlatesolarcycles-suchastheonejuststarting.ThefindingsmayhaveinfluencesontheNASA-ledArtemismission.Itplanstomakehumansreturntothemoonin2024,butcanbeputofftothelate2020s.ProfessorMathewOwens,aspacephysicistattheUniversityofReading,said,“Untilnow,themostextremespaceweathereventswerethoughttoberandomintheirtiming.Thoughthereisnosetpatternoftheevents,thisresearchsuggeststheyaremorepredictable.”Inthenewstudy,thescientistsusedanewmethodapplyingstatisticalmodellingtostormtimingforthefirsttime.Previousresearchgenerallyfocusedonhowbigextremespaceweathereventscanbe,basedonobservationsofpreviousevents.Predictingtheirtimingisfarmoredifficultbecauseextremeeventsarerare,sothereislylittlehistoricdatatoidentifypatterns.Thefindingssuggestthatanymajorplannedspacemissions,whichisbeyondthenextfiveyears,willhavetoconsiderthehigherprobabilityofextremespaceweatherlateinthepresentsolarcyclebetween2026and2030.Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudyfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?Ithaslastedjust150years.Itdoesn'trefertospaceweatherdata.Itshowsspaceweatherhasnoeffectonastronauts.Itmakesitpossibletopredictextremespaceweather.WhymighttheNASA-ledArtemismissionbeputoff?A.Toresearchsolarcycles. B.Toavoideffectsofspaceweather.C.Tomeettheneedsoftheastronauts. D.TomakehumansreturntoEarthin2024.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“random“inparagraph4probablymean?A.Irregular. B.Easy.C.Limited. D.Changeless.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?Thestudyisusefulforfuturespacemissions.Theplannedspacemissionsshouldbeputoff.Extremespaceweatherwillhappenbefore2026.Previousobservationsmakenodifferencetothestudy.CItwasfiveyearsagothatsomethingunforgettablehappened.MywifeandIcelebratedour40thweddinganniversarythatyear.Itwasalovelyeventhostedbyoursonsforus.Mywonderfulfriendsfromthepastsurpriseduswithgiftsandcongratulations.Ourgifttoeachotherwasadrivingtripoutwest.WedrovefromOntariointoAlberta,thensouthwardintoGlacierNationalParkinMontana,andcontinuedtoYellowstoneNationalPark.Itwasacoldspringday,andtheBeartoothHighwayhadopenedfortheseasonjustdaysbefore.Alongsidetheroad,therewasstillagreatamountofsnowthere.Thescenerywassoimpressivethatwemadelotsofstopstorecordmemorieswithmycamera.Atthehighestpointofthehighway,Istoppedatalookouttocatchtheamazingviews,withmywifeinthecentreofmycameralens.Therewerenotmanycarsontheroad.Sometimes,carswithenergeticyoungtouristspassedby.Andthenweheardamotorcycleinthedistance.Thedriverofthemotorcycle,whoworedirtyclothes,parkedbehindourcars.Asheapproachedus,hisonlywordswere,“Givemeyourcameraandgetovertherewithyourwife.”ImustadmitIfeltnervousthatwemightberobbedwherewejustcreatedsomebeautifulmemories.Surprisingly,hejusttookapictureofus,handedbackmycameraandrodeoffbeforewecouldexpressourgratitude.Thephotohetookisoneofthemostvaluableandprizedofourtrip.IlearnedmylessonsomewhereIleastexpectedit.Weshouldneverjudgeamanbyhisappearance.Ifthemotorcycledriverreadsthisstoryandremembersthesituation,wewouldliketosay“Thankyou”tohim.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoweknowaboutthetrip?Itwastakenbytraintothewest.Itwasasuggestionfromtheirfriends.Itwasinthelateautumnfiveyearsago.Itwasagiftfortheirweddinganniversary.Whywastheauthornervouswhenthemotorcycledriverofferedtotakeapicture?Hecouldhavelostthecamera.Hiswifemightnotbesatisfiedwiththeviewthere.Themotorcycledriverwouldborrowthecamera.Themotorcycledrivermightnotbegoodatthetakingpictures.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthedriverofthemotorcycle?A.Kindandstraightforward. B.Richandgenerous.C.Creativeandcapable. D.Carefulandadmirable.Whichofthefollowingcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?Nopains,nogains.Seeingisbelieving.Don’tjudgeabookbyitscover.Thelongestjourneybeginswiththefirststep.DSurfingtheInternetforfunwillmakeyouabetteremployee,accordingtoanAustralianstudy.TheUniversityofMelbournestudyshowsthatpeoplewhousetheInternetfortheirownreasonsatworkareabout9percentmoreproductivethanthosewhodonot.StudyauthorBrentCokersaid,“SurfingtheInternetattimeshelpsincreaseanemployee'sattention.”“Peopleneedtorelaxforabittogetbacktheirattention,”Cokersaidontheuniversity'swebsite.“Havingashortbreak,suchasaquicksurfingoftheInternet,helpsthemindtorestitself,leadingtoahighertotalInternetattentionforaday'swork,andasaresult,increasesproductivity（生产效率）,”hesaid.Accordingtothestudyof300workers,70percentofpeoplewhousetheInternetatworksurftheInternetfortheirownreasonsduringofficehours.Amongthemostpopularsurfingactivitiesaresearchingforinformationaboutproducts,readingonlinenews,playingonlinegamesandwatchingvideos.“Firmsspendalotofmoneyonsoftwaretoblocktheiremployeesfromwatchingvideos,usingsocialnetworkingsitesorshoppingonline,"saidCoker.“That'snotalwaysagoodidea.”However,CokersaidthestudylookedatpeoplewhosurfedtheInternetinmoderation（适度）,orwereontheInternetforlessthan20percentoftheirtotaltimeintheoffice.“ThosewhospendtoomuchtimesurfingtheInternetwillhavealowerproductivitythanthosewithout.”hesaid.WhatdoestheUniversityofMelbournestudymainlyshow?PeoplewhosurftheInternetaregoodemployees.NoteveryonesurfstheInternetforfunduringofficehours.TheInternetisbecomingmoreandmoreimportantinpeople'slife.SurfingtheInternetforfunattimesduringofficehoursincreasesproductivity.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassageasoneofthemostpopularsurfingactivities?Watchingvideos.Readingonlinenews.Readingonlinenovels.Playingonlinegames.Theunderlinedword“block”inParagraph4means“ ”.A.stop B.organizeC.protect D.separateWhatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?ThosewhoneversurftheInternethavethelowestproductivity.SpendingtoomuchtimesurfingtheInternetreducesproductivity.Mostpeopledon'tsurftheInternetinmoderationduringofficehours.PeopleshouldspendaslittletimeaspossiblesurfingtheInternet.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Bothmenandwomenusuallysmileandshakehandswhengreeting.Goodfriendsandfamilymembersmayhugwhentheymeet,especiallyafteralongabsence. 16 Americansmaygreetstrangersonthestreetbysaying“Hello”or“Goodmorning”,althoughtheymaypasswithoutanygreeting.Exceptonformaloccasions,peopleusuallyaddressoneanotherbytheirfirstnamesoncetheyknoweachother,andoftendosoonfirstmeeting. 17 Whengreetingsomeoneforthefirsttime,Americanscommonlysay,“Pleasetomeetyou”or“howdoyoudo?”Asimple“Hello”or“Hi”isalsocommon. 18 Americansdonotusuallyexceptanyfurtheranswertothequestionunlessthereisacloserelationship.VisitingfriendsandfamilyplaysabigpartofsociallifeinAmerican.Peoplewilltravellongdistancesbycar,bus,train,orplanetodoso.Peoplearegenerallyexpectedtobeontimeforappointmentsorwhentheyareinvitedtosomeone’shome. 19 Butthevisitorshouldmakeacallinadvancetoinformthemofthedelay.Guestsareexpectedtositwheretheylike,andtoenjoythemselves.Itusuallydoesnotcauseangerifaguestrefusesrefreshment.Giftsarenotexpectedwhenvisiting. 20 Closefriendsmayoffer,orbeasked,tobringanitemsoffoodtoservewiththemeal.howeverifaguestislate,Americanswillnotbeangry.Itisveryimpoliteforyoutovisityourfriendsunexpectedly.Butmanyguestsbringflowersorwinewheninvitedforameal.Oninformaloccasions,awavemaybeusedinsteadofahandshake.Friendsoftengreeteachotherwith“Howareyou?”andrespond“Fine,thanks”.However,combingatitle（suchas“Dr.”or“Ms.”）withafamilynameshowsrespect.MostAmericansarefriendlyandhelpful,sotheyarereadytooffertheirhelpwhenaskedfor.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项LastMonday,toprepareapicnic,Idecidedtogointoasuperstore.Iparkedmycarandwentintothesuperstore,whichwasa 21 one.After45minutesof 22 tojustgetsometomatoes,cheeseand3toothpicks,Igottothecashierline（收银员线）,abit 23 bythetimeIspenttoget3 24 .IwonderedwhyIdidnotgotoasmalllocalstore.After15minutesofwaitingintheline,thewoman 25 mecallsme,“Hey...youonlyhave3articles? 26 beforeme,Ihavemoreitemsthanyou!”Itwasn’tthefirsttimeithappenedtome. 27 herinitiative（主动提议）wasdisarming,aswellaswasher 28 （shedidnotwearany 29 ,soIcouldseeit）.Notknowingwhatelsetodo,Iacceptedher 30 .Wechitchattedabitwaitingforthe 31 aheadofustofinish—shewasunbelievably 32 .ThenIthankedher,givingherbackmybrightestsmile.Gettingbackinmycar,Irethoughtaboutthat 33 moment,andrealizedthatshe 34 myday.Inthemeantime,Iwonderedhowtogiveitbacktoher.Nodoubtitwasquite 35 ,soIconsideredhowtopayitforwardtosomeoneelse.While 36 ,Irealizedthatshesavedme10minutes.AndwhileIwasdrivingat70mph,Ireducedmy 37 to55mph.Myfuelconsumptionsharply 38 by35%.I 39 partofthe10minutesthatthewomanofferedme,butitwasawayto 40 heranddoasmallthingfortheenvironment.21.A.hugeB.emptyC.well-decoratedD.crowded22.A.wanderingB.drivingC.shoppingD.relaxing23.A.excitedB.tiredC.unsatisfiedD.embarrassed24.A.boxesB.articlesC.parcelsD.choices25.A.infrontofB.nexttoC.beyondD.behindA.StopA.ButB.CrossB.SoC.RushC.And D.OrD.Pass28.A.smileB.answerC.voiceD.gesture29.A.necklaceB.maskC.earringD.makeup30.A.permissionB.excuseC.explanationD.offering31.A.waitersB.customersC.cashiersD.neighbors32.A.smartB.pleasantC.patientD.generous33.A.goodB.familiarC.importantD.romantic34.A.stoleB.ruinedC.madeD.occupied35.A.unbelievableB.unnecessary C.meaningless D.impossible36.A.bargainingB.leavingC.packingD.driving37.A.fuelB.priceC.speedD.time38.A.tookoffB.roseupC.droppeddownD.cooleddown39.A.reusedB.relostC.savedD.wasted40.A.encourageB.thankC.remindD.repay第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Everydaypeoplethrowawayalotofhouseholdgarbage-paper,cans,kitchenwaste,usedbatteriesandglass 41. sortingit.Therearemanyproblems 42. (cause)byunsortedgarbage.Ononehand,it’s 43. greatwasteofresources.Ontheotherhand,thedisposalofunsortedgarbagecancauseseriousenvironmentalpollution, 44. doesharmtopeople’shealth.Nowourgovernmenthasrealizedtheimportanceofgarbagesorting.Sofarmanyactivities 45. (hold)toteachpeoplehowtosortgarbage 46. (proper).Peopleincities,likeBeijingandShanghai,arerequiredtosortgarbageintofourcategories—kitchenwaste, 47. (danger)waste,recyclablewasteandotherwaste.Also,theycangetcertai