全国新高考I卷讲评课件高三英语一轮复习

第二部分阅读理解第一节21.B 22.C 23.D 24.C 25.D26.B 27.A 28.B 29.A 30.C31.A 32.B 33.D 34.C 35.D第二节36.D37.B 38.F 39.C 40.G第三部分语言运用第一节41.D 42.A 43.D 44.A 45.C46.B 47.D 48.A 49.B 50.B51.C 52.D 53.A 54.C 55.B第二节56.tasty 57.tobite 58.or59.recognized 60.by61.tobelifted62.their 63.a 64.rarely 65.wanting2023全国新课标I卷答案阅读理解A人与社会：自行车租赁&游览项目介绍21.WhatisanadvantageofMacBike?A.Itgiveschildrenadiscount.

B.Itoffersmanytypesofbikes.C.Itorganizesfreecycletours.

D.Ithasover2,500rentalshops.Prices

HandBrake,ThreeGearsFootBrake,NoGears1hour€7.50€5.003hours€11.00€7.501day(24hours)€14.75€9.75Eachadditionalday€8.00€6.0022.Howmuchdoyoupayforrentingabikewithhandbrakeandthreegearsfortwodays?A.€15.75.

B.€19.50. C.€22.75. D.€29.50.GuidedCityToursThe2.5-hourtourcoverstheGooyerWindmill,theSkinnyBridge,theRijksmuseum,HeinekenBreweryandmuchmore.ThetourdepartsfromDamSquareeveryhouronthehour,startingat1:00pmeveryday.YoucanbuyyourticketinaMacBikeshoporbookonline.23.Wheredoestheguidedcitytourstart?A.TheGooyer,Windmill. B.TheSkinnyBridge.C.HeinekenBrewery. D.DamSquare.重难点词及词块rentaln[派生词]租赁，出租（rent+-al）；guidedtourn有导游的游览；economicaladj经济的，实惠的；sustainableadj可持续的，不破坏环境的；canaln运河；bikev[名词动化]骑自行车；landscapen陆上）风景，景色，地带；aroundadv[熟词生义]存在着，出现；strategicadj重要的，合适的，战略（性）的（strategy+-ic）；locationn地点，位置；availableadj可用的，可得到的；additionaladj[派生词]附加的，另外的，追加的（近extra）；coverv[熟词生义]涵盖，包括；departv出发，启程，离开inawidevariety多种多样（地）；(everyhour)onthehour（每小时的）整点阅读理解B人与自然：一项具有环保价值的发明——生态设计

【1】WhenJohnToddwasachild,

helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,

observinghownaturesolved

problems.

A

dirtystream,

forexample,

oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretiny

creatureslived.

Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeople

weremaking.

24.

WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasfondoftraveling. B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.C.Hehadaninquiringmind. D.Helongedtobeadoctor.阅读理解B人与自然：一项具有环保价值的发明——生态设计25.

WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?A.Tofeedtheanimals. B.Tobuildanecosystem.C.Toprotecttheplants. D.Totesttheeco-machine.阅读理解B人与自然：一项具有环保价值的发明——生态设计

【3】ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,

heconstructed

aseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.

Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbrought

backsomeplantsandanimals.

Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.

Littlebylittle,

thesedifferentkindsoflife

gotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.

Afterafewweeks,

Johnaddedthesludge.

【4】Hewasamazedattheresults.

Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbeganto

eatit!

Withinweeks,

ithadallbeendigested,

andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.

【5】Overtheyears,

Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.

Hedevelopedagreenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage

(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.

Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,

a

cityinsoutheastChina.

阅读理解B人与自然：一项具有环保价值的发明——生态设计

【6】“Ecologicaldesign”

isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor,”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.”27.

WhatisthebasisforJohn’swork?A.Naturecanrepairitself. B.Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C.LifeonEarthisdiverse. D.Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.重难点词及词块processn过程，进程；fisheryn[派生词]渔业，水产业（fish+-ery）;trapv[熟词生义]吸收，留存；chemical

n化学品；figurev（经过考虑后）认为，以为；eco-machinen[合成词]生态机器；substancen物质；constructv建造，修建；clearadj[熟词生义]透明的；fiberglassn[合成词]玻璃纤维；tankn（贮放液体或气体的）箱，槽，罐；lifen[熟词生义]生物，活物；重难点词及词块ecosystemn[派生词]生态系统；developv[熟词生义]开发，研制；greenhouse-likeadj[合成词]像温室一样的；facilityn[课标新增词]（设备或系统的）特殊装置；treatv[熟词生义]（利用化学物质或反应）处理；ecologicaladj[派生词]生态的；spare

partn[独立词条]配件，备用零件；organismn[派生词]微生物，有机体（organ+-ism）；self-repairn[合成词]自行修复；reviewv回顾，反思；applicationn[派生词]（尤指理论、发现等的）应用，运用；erasev消除，清除；diverseadj

不同的，多种多样的重难点词及词块cleanup清除（污染物）；set(sb)atask给（某人）布置任务/定下目标；remove...from从……中除去/消除……；aseriesof（同类事物的）一系列，一连串；littlebylittle慢慢地，逐渐地；getusedto(doing)sth习惯于（做）某事；be

amazedat对……感到十分惊奇；takeon承担（责任）；an

inquiringmind好奇心，探究精神；longtodosth盼望/渴望做某事阅读理解C人与社会：如何建立数字极简生活方式

【1】Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,

includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasks

andwhyitworks,

andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideit’srightforyou.这本书的目的是为数字极简主义做一个案例，包括对它的要求和为什么它有效的详细探索，然后教你如何采用这种哲学，如果你认为它适合你。28.

Whatisthebookaimedat?A.Teachingcriticalthinkingskills. B.Advocatingasimpledigitallifestyle.C.Solvingphilosophicalproblems. D.Promotingtheuseofadigitaldevice.阅读理解C人与社会：如何建立数字极简生活方式

【2】Todoso,

Idividedthebookintotwoparts.

Inpartone,

Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigital

minimalism,

startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasingly

intolerable,

beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.为此，我把这本书分成了两部分。在第一部分中，我描述了数字极简主义的哲学基础，首先考察了使许多人的数字生活越来越难以忍受的力量，然后再详细讨论数字极简主义哲学。

【3】Partoneconcludesbyintroducingmysuggestedmethodforadoptingthisphilosophy:

thedigitaldeclutter.

This

processrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesforthirtydays.

Attheendofthethirtydays,

youwill

thenaddbackasmallnumberofcarefullychosenonlineactivitiesthatyoubelievewillprovidemassivebenefitstothe

thingsyouvalue.第一部分最后介绍了我建议的采用这一理念的方法:数字整理器。这个过程要求你在30天内远离可选的在线活动。在30天结束的时候，你会加上一些你认为会给你所看重的东西带来巨大好处的精心挑选的在线活动。29.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“declutter”inparagraph3mean?A.Clear-up. B.Add-on.C.Check-in.D.Take-over.阅读理解C人与社会：如何建立数字极简生活方式

【4】Inthefinalchapterofpartone,

I’llguideyouthroughcarryingoutyourowndigitaldeclutter.

Indoingso,

I’ll

drawonanexperimentIranin2018inwhichover1,600peopleagreedtoperformadigitaldeclutter.

You’llhear

theseparticipants’

storiesandlearnwhatstrategiesworkedwellforthem,

andwhattrapstheyencounteredthatyou

shouldavoid.

在第一部分的最后一章，我将指导你完成你自己的数字整理。在此过程中，我将引用我在2018年进行的一项实验，在该实验中，1600多人同意进行数字整理。你将听到这些参与者的故事，了解哪些策略对他们有效，以及他们遇到的你应该避免的陷阱。30.

Whatispresentedinthefinalchapterofpartone?A.Theoreticalmodels. B.Statisticalmethods.C.Practicalexamples. D.Historicalanalyses.阅读理解C人与社会：如何建立数字极简生活方式

【5】Thesecondpartofthisbooktakesacloserlookatsomeideasthatwillhelpyoucultivate(培养)asustainable

digitalminimalismlifestyle.Inthesechapters,Iexamineissuessuchastheimportanceofsolitude(独处)andthenecessityofcultivatinghigh-qualityleisuretoreplacethetimemostnowspendonmindlessdeviceuse.Eachchapterconcludeswithacollectionofpractices,whicharedesignedtohelpyouactonthebigideasofthechapter.Youcanviewthesepracticesasatoolboxmeanttoaidyoureffortstobuildaminimalistlifestylethatworksforyourparticularcircumstances.本书的第二部分深入探讨了一些可以帮助你培养可持续的数字极简主义生活方式的想法。在这些章节中，我研究了一些问题，比如独处的重要性和培养高质量休闲的必要性，以取代现在大多数人花在无意识设备上的时间。每一章都总结了一些实践，这些实践旨在帮助您按照本章的主要思想行事。你可以把这些做法看作是一个工具箱，旨在帮助你努力建立一个适合你特殊情况的极简主义生活方式。重难点词及词块minimalismn极简主义；detailedadj详细的；explorationn探讨，研究；workv奏效，起作用；philosophyn哲学，生活准则；philosophicaladj哲学的；examinationn研究，考察；increasinglyadv越来越多地；intolerableadj无法忍受的；concludev结束；optionaladj可选择的；massiveadj大量的；valuev[名词动化]重视，珍视；runv[熟词生义]组织；performv执行；participantn参与者；重难点词及词块trapn陷阱，困境；encounterv遭遇（尤指问题）；sustainableadj可持续的；high-quality

adj[合成词]高质量的；mindlessadj毫无目标的，无须动脑筋的；practicen实践，做法；toolboxn[合成词]工具箱；minimalistn简约主义者；advocatev提倡；promotev促进；clear-upn[合成词]打扫，清理；add-onn[合成词]附加物；check-inn[合成词]登记处；take-overn[合成词]接管，控制；presentv[熟词生义]描述；theoreticaladj理论上的；statisticaladj统计学的；identifyv找出重难点词及词块makethecasefor为……阐明理由；moveonto开始做（别的事）；stepawayfrom不靠近，远离；guidesbthrough指导某人；carryout实施，执行；drawon利用；takea

closerlookat更仔细地研究；bedesignedtodosth目的是做某事；acton根据……行事；view…as将……看作；bemeanttodosth旨在做某事；beaimedat旨在，目的是；criticalthinking批判性思维；theoreticalmodels理论模型阅读理解D人与社会：群体智慧效应阅读理解D人与社会：群体智慧效应32.Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Themethodsofestimation.B.Theunderlyinglogicoftheeffect.C.Thecausesofpeople’serrors.D.ThedesignofGalton’sexperiment.【3】ButanewstudyledbyJoaquinNavajasofferedaninterestingtwist(转折)onthisclassicphenomenon.Thekeyfindingofthestudywasthatwhencrowdswerefurtherdividedintosmallergroupsthatwereallowedtohaveadiscussion,theaveragesfromthesegroupsweremoreaccuratethanthosefromanequalnumberofindependentindividuals.Forinstance,theaverageobtainedfromtheestimatesoffourdiscussiongroupsoffivewassignificantlymoreaccuratethantheaverageobtainedfrom20independentindividuals.但是，由华金·纳瓦加斯领导的一项新研究为这一经典现象提供了一个有趣的转折。这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步分成更小的群体并允许进行讨论时，这些群体的平均值比同样数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。例如，从4个5人的讨论小组中得到的平均值比从20个独立个体中得到的平均值要准确得多。阅读理解D人与社会：群体智慧效应【4】Inafollow-upstudywith100universitystudents,theresearcherstriedtogetabettersenseofwhatthegroupmembersactuallydidintheirdiscussion.Didtheytendtogowiththosemostconfidentabouttheirestimates?Didtheyfollowthoseleastwillingtochangetheirminds?Thishappenedsomeofthetime,butitwasn’tthedominantresponse.Mostfrequently,thegroupsreportedthatthey“sharedargumentsandreasonedtogether.”Somehow,theseargumentsandreasoningresultedinaglobalreductioninerror.

AlthoughthestudiesledbyNavajashavelimitationsandmanyquestionsremain,thepotentialimplicationsforgroupdiscussionanddecision-makingareenormous.在对100名大学生的后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中实际做了什么。他们是否倾向于相信那些对自己的估计最有信心的人?他们追随那些最不愿意改变主意的人了吗?这种情况有时会发生，但不是主要的反应。最常见的是，这些小组报告说他们“分享论点，一起推理”。不知何故，这些论证和推理导致了错误的全面减少。虽然纳瓦哈人领导的研究有局限性，还有许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的。阅读理解D人与社会：群体智慧效应34.Whatdidthefollow-upstudyfocuson?A.Thesizeofthegroups.B.Thedominantmembers.C.Thediscussionprocess.D.Theindividualestimates.35.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardNavajas’studies?A.Unclear.B.Dismissive.C.Doubtful.

D.Approving.重难点词及词块illustratev说明，阐明；wisdomn智慧；averagen平均数；independentadj独立的；estimaten估算；accurateadj准确的；averagev[名词动化]算出……的平均数；classicadj经典的；individualn个人，个体；dominantadj首要的，占支配地位的；responsen反应；frequentlyadv经常地；reasonv思考，推理；globaladj整体的，全面的；potentialadj潜在的；enormousadj巨大的；logicn逻辑conductanexperiment做实验；insomecases在某些情况下；capitalizeon充分利用；makeerrors犯错；tendto

dosth倾向于做某事；cancelout抵消，对消；resultin导致；intechnicalterms用专业的术语来说；forwhatever

reasons无论出于什么原因；godown下降；重难点词及词块bedividedinto被分成；forinstance例如；getabettersenseof更好地了解；gowith同意，接受；(be)willingtodosth愿意做某事；changeone’smind改变主意；reductionin……方面的减少；focuson专注于，聚焦于派生词statisticiann统计学家（statistic+-ian）；estimationn估算（estimate+-ion）；capitalizev把……大写，给……提供资金（capital+-ize）；overestimatev高估（over-+estimate）；underestimatev&n低估（under+estimate）；correlatev（使）相互关联（cor-+relate）；dependentadj依赖的，依靠的（depend+-ent）；accuracyn准确性，精确度（accurate+-cy）；significantlyadv显著地（significant+-ly）；argumentn论点，论据（argue+-ment）；reasoningn推理（reason+-ing）；reductionn减少，降低（reduce+-tion）；limitationn局限（limit+-ation）；implicationsn可能的影响/作用/结果（同根词：imply）；派生词underlyingadj潜在的，根本的（under+lie+-ing）；relatively相对地（relative+-ly）；occasionaladj偶尔的（occasion+-al）；dismissiveadj轻蔑的，鄙视的（dismiss+-ive）；doubtfuladj感到怀疑的（doubt+-ful）；approvingadj赞许的，赞成的（approve+-ing）合成词：follow-upadj后续的（短语动词followup跟进，采取后续行动）；decision-makingn决策阅读七选五人与自我：如何自我宽恕PersonalForgivenessTakingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon’tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.

Toerr(犯错)is

human.

36

Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,

puttheheading

“Personalstrengths.”

37Areyoucaring?

Creative?

Generous?

Agoodlistener?

Funtobearound?

Theydon’thavetobeworld-changing,

justaspectsofyourpersonality

thatyou’reproudof.A.

Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.

Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.

Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.

It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.

Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.

Whateveritis,

nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,

writeitdown.G.

Whateverthemistake,

rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyour

personality.阅读七选五人与自我：如何自我宽恕Atthetopofasecondpage,

puttheheading“Actsofkindness.”

Onthisone,

listallthepositivethingsyou’ve

doneforothers.

Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework,

whenyoudidtheironingwithout

beingasked,

orwhenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday.

38A.

Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.

Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.

Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.

It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.

Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.

Whateveritis,

nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,

writeitdown.G.

Whateverthemistake,

rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyour

personality.阅读七选五人与自我：如何自我宽恕Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.

39Thatway,

youcouldexchange

thoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.

Infact,

don’twait

untilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis

—

it’sagreatwaytoboostself-confidenceatanytime.It’ssomethingofacliché(陈词滥调)thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbutfromtheirmistakes.

The

thingis,

it’strue.

40We’reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelop

andgrow.A.

Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.

Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.

Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.

It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.

Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.

Whateveritis,

nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,

writeitdown.G.

Whateverthemistake,

rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyour

personality.重难点词forgivenessn[派生词]原谅；putv[熟词生义]写；headingn[派生词]标题，题目；caringadj[派生词]关心他人的；fixedadj[派生词]固定的，不变的takeresponsibilityforsth承担某事的责任；beatyourself

upaboutsth[非正式用语]为某事过分自责；actsof

kindness善举；dotheironing熨衣服；addto增添；exchangethoughtson就……交流想法；shinethrough（某种品质）显现出来；boostself-confidence增强自信心；goalongway大有帮助；haveagoat(doing)sth尝试（做）某事完形填空人与社会：越野赛跑中救助受伤对手完形填空人与社会：越野赛跑中救助受伤对手

Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughher44________whenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.She45________tohelpherfellowrunner,DanielleLenoue.Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwith46________.Shecouldn’t.Baileythen47________toletLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget48________attention.

完形填空人与社会：越野赛跑中救助受伤对手重难点词coursen[熟词生义]赛道；checkpointn[合成词]检查站（check+point）；assessv评定，评价；identify

v确认，认出，识别；ashamedadj[派生词]羞耻的，惭愧的；discouragedadj[分词形容词]泄气的，失去信心的；bigdealn重要的/令人激动的事情或情况；meetn[熟词生义]体育比赛，运动会；displayn[熟词生义][课标新增词]（特性、情感或能力的）显示，表露重难点词块语法填空人与社会：小笼包Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicatedumplingwrappers,encasinghot,56(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandawaymyfavoriteChinesestreetfood.Thedumplingsarrivesteaminganddangerouslyhot.Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether57(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出)，58toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.Shanghaimaybethe59(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfoodhistorianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasxiaolongbao’sbirthplace.Thereyouwillfindthemprepareddifferently—moredumplingandlesssoup,andthewrappersarepressed60handratherthanrolled.Nanxiangaside,thebestxiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem61(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithouttearingorspillinganyof62(they)contents.Themeatshouldbefreshwith63touchofsweetnessandthesouphot,clearanddelicious.NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteameris64(rare)enough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft65(want)morenexttime.

书面表达人与自我：给外教提口语练习分组建议