Coursea：2023年全球技能报告

2023

Global

Skills

Report

2

ForewordfromourCEO,

JeffMaggioncalda

Sincethebeginningoftheyear,generativeartificialintelligence(AI)hasdominatedmydialogueswithleadersglobally,spotlightingitsimpendingeffectonjobs,skills,andeducation.

I’mproudtopresentourfifthannualGlobalSkillsReport,whichdrawsondatafrommillionsoflearnersonCourseratohelpleadersinbusiness,government,andhighereducationunderstandtherapidlychangingskillslandscapeandtalentdistributionworldwide.

Digitaltransformation,automation,andglobalizationarereshapingthelabormarketandcreatinganunprecedentedneedforreskillingandupskilling.GenerativeAIintensifiesthisurgency,1posingathreattoanewclassofknowledgeworkers.TheWorldEconomicForum’sFutureofJobsReportpredictsthatover60%ofworkerswillneedretrainingbetweennowand2027,butonlyhalfoftheseworkershaveaccesstoadequatetrainingopportunities.2

Publicandprivatesectorleadersmustworktogethertorespondtonewworkforceneedsatthespeedandscaledemandedbyourchangingworld.Governmentsandhighereducationinstitutionsneedtoofferworkforcedevelopmentandacademicprogramsthataddressjobdislocationand

GlobalSkillsReport2023

unemploymentwhilepreparingworkersforjobopportunitiescreatedbynew

technologies.Atthesametime,employerscanadoptaskills-focusedapproach

toexpandtheirhiringpipelinesandcreatereskillingpathwaysforworkers

atrisk.

Todothis,leadersneedaclearunderstandingoftheirworkforce’sstrengths

andpotentialdevelopmentareas.TheGlobalSkillsReportreveals,for

example,thatlearnersinLatinAmericaandtheCaribbeanareleadingthe

worldwhenitcomestoaveragescoresindatascienceandtechnologyskills—

markingtheregionasarisinghubfortechtalent.Additionally,Professional

Certificates—atypeofmicro-credential76%ofemployersfindvaluable3—see

highyear-over-yearenrollmentgrowthinthePhilippines,Brazil,andSpain.

Withover120millionlearners,7,000institutions,and5,400coursesfrom300

oftheworld’stopuniversitiesandindustrypartners,Courserahasoneofthe

largestdatasetsforidentifyingandmeasuringskilltrends.Wehopethisreport

offersleadersastartingpointfornavigatingchangeanddisruption.Together,

businesses,governments,andhigherinstitutionscancreateaworldwhere

anyone,anywherehasthepowertotransformtheirlivesthroughlearning.

GlobalSkillsReport2023TableofContents3

SouthAfrica

TableofContents

Introduction

ExecutiveSummary

HowtoReadtheReport

GlobalOverview

RegionalSkillTrends

AsiaPacific

Australia

India

Malaysia

ThePhilippines

Singapore

Thailand

4

5

10

13

17

18

20

21

22

23

24

25

Europe

France

Germany

Spain

Turkey

UnitedKingdom

LatinAmericaandtheCaribbean

Brazil

Chile

Colombia

Mexico

Peru

TheMiddleEastandNorthAfrica

Egypt

SaudiArabia

UnitedArabEmirates

NorthAmerica

UnitedStates

Sub-SaharanAfrica

Nigeria

26

28

29

30

31

32

33

35

36

37

38

39

40

42

43

44

45

47

48

50

51

State-by-StateSkillTrends

India

UnitedStates

Appendix

Glossary

Methodology

State-by-StateSkillData

GlobalSTEMEnrollmentData

Endnotes

52

53

56

59

60

62

67

77

80

4

CourseraLearner

LochanKhullar,India

Introduction

4

Introduction

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ExecutiveSummary

5

GlobalSkillsReport2023

ExecutiveSummary

Whatisthestateoftheglobalskillsandcredentialslandscape?

TheGlobalSkillsReport2023presentsdataon100countriesdrawnfromCoursera’sregisteredlearnerbaseofmorethan124millionlearners.Weconcentrateonthreeofthemostpopular,job-relevantskilldomains:business,technology,anddatascience.Weusethisdatatoillustrateregionalandnationaltrendsaroundtalentskillproficiencyandopportunity.

LearnersonCourseraacquireskillsbyengagingwithcontentfrom275leadinguniversitiesandcompanies.Weofferarange

offormatstomeetdifferentskillneeds—fromhands-on

projectsandcoursestojob-readycertificateand

degreeprograms.

Whetheryou’reaworkforcedevelopment,highereducation,

orbusinessleader,thisreportwillhelpyouanswer

threequestions:

•Howproficientisyourworkforceincriticaljobskills?

•Whatskillsarepopularamonglearnersinyourcountryorregion?

•Howmuchofyourworkforceispreparingforin-demand,digitalroles?

KEYFINDINGS:

1.Economicgrowthistiedtoskillproficiency

2.Internetaccessistiedtoeconomicopportunity

3.Learnersinhigh-incomecountriesaremorelikelytoinvestinlearninghumanskills

4.LearnerswithpostgraduateeducationaremostlikelytoinvestinAI-relatedskills

5.Manycountriesareclosingthegendergapinonlinelearning

6.LearnersaroundtheworldarepreparingfordigitalroleswithProfessionalCertificates

7.Skilledtalentcanbefoundaroundtheworld

ECONOMICGROWTHISTIEDTO

SKILLPROFICIENCY

Therearestrongcorrelationsbetweenhigherskillproficiencyandeconomicadvanceslikehumancapitalpotential4andinnovation.5Notably,thecombinedAverageGDPperCapitaofcountrieswherelearnershavedemonstratedcutting-edgeproficiencyscoresisroughlyfourtimeshigherthanthatofcountrieswherelearnersarefallingbehindinskillproficiencies.

INSIGHTSINACTION:Businesses,government,andhighereducationleadersinvestingintheskillsdevelopmentoftheirpeopleareinvestingingreatereconomicandsocialadvantages,oftenthroughemployment.The2023CourseraLearnerOutcomesReportfoundthat85%oflearnersenrollincoursesonCourseratolandtheirfirstprofessionalrole,switchcareers,oradvanceintheircurrentrole.Furthermore,77%oflearnershavereportedabeneficialimpactontheircareerfromcompletingtheirmostrecentcourseorprogram.6

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Introduction

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ExecutiveSummary

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GlobalSkillsReport2023

INTERNETACCESSISTIEDTO

ECONOMICOPPORTUNITY

Onlinelearningmakesitpossibleformoreindividualstoaccesseducationalopportunitiesthatleadtobetterjobprospects,particularlyamidtheriseofremotework.Countrieswherelearnershavecompetitiveandcutting-edgeoverallskillproficiencyscoresalsohavehigheraverageinternetscoresthancountrieswherelearnershavelaggingandlimitedscores,highlightingtheroleofinternetandonlinelearningindrivingeconomicgrowth.

INSIGHTSINACTION:Byinvestinginbroadbandanddigitalskillstraininginpartnershipwiththeprivatesector,governmentscanunlocknewremotejobopportunitiesforlocalswithoutthemeverhavingtoleavehome.Forinstance,Rwanda’sMinistryofInformationandCommunicationsTechnologyandInnovationlaunchedthe

MTNSkillsAcademyinpartnershipwithMTN,Africa’slargestmobilenetworkoperator,andCoursera.ThisprogramaimstoprovidepeopleinimpoverishedcommunitiesacrossSub-SaharanAfricawithfreeinternetdevicesandonlinetrainingfordigitaljobs.

2

LEARNERSINHIGH-INCOMECOUNTRIESAREMORE

LIKELYTOINVESTINLEARNINGHUMANSKILLS

Incomparisontomiddle-andlow-incomecountries,learnersinhigh-incomecountriesaremorelikelytoinvestinskillsthatcannoteasilybeautomated,suchasprojectmanagement,changemanagement,andcollaboration.Meanwhile,learnersinmiddle-incomecountriesaremorelikelytoinvestindigitalskills,suchassoftwarearchitecture,mobiledevelopment,andprogrammingprinciples,whichmayenablethemtoparticipateinlocalandremotetalentopportunitiesthatrequiredigitalskills.

INSIGHTSINACTION:Aresilientworkforceneedsacombinationofbothdigitalandhumanskills:bothtoharnesstheopportunitiesofautomationandtoside-stepitsrepercussions.Digitalskillsholdthepromiseofhigherincomeandgreatercareeropportunities.8Meanwhile,humanskillslikeanalyticaljudgment,flexibility,andemotionalintelligenceareessentialforemployeesinan

AI-poweredfuture.9Business,government,andhighereducationinstitutionsmustdriveskillsdevelopmentforboth.

3

“MTNwantsaprosperousAfrica;

oneinwhicheveryonebenefits

fromamodernconnected

life.Ourworkisinextricablylinkedtothewellbeingofthecommunitiesweserve.WiththeMTNSkillsAcademy,Africanscanprepareforemergingcareersatunprecedentedspeedandscale,contributingsignificantlytosolvingtheunemploymentchallengesthecontinentfaces.

NompiloMorafo

ChiefSustainability&CorporateAffairsOfficer,MTNGroup7

Introduction

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ExecutiveSummary

7

GlobalSkillsReport2023

LEARNERSWITHPOSTGRADUATEEDUCATIONARE

MOSTLIKELYTOINVESTINAI-RELATEDSKILLS

LearnerswithapostgraduatedegreearemorelikelytolearnskillsthatdrivethedevelopmentandresearchofAI,includingskillssuchasartificialneuralnetworks,appliedmachinelearning,andcomputervision,incomparisontolearnerswithlesseducation.

INSIGHTSINACTION:AlmosteveryonewillneedsomelevelofAIproficiencyinthefuture.Upto49%ofworkerscouldhavehalformoreoftheirtasksimpactedbylargelanguagemodelslikethosethatpowerChatGPT.10ArecentsurveyofUKemployersalsofoundthat67%ofrespondentsbelieveit

willbeimportantforcandidatestohaveAIskills,experience,orqualifications.11Fortunately,learnerswithoutpostgraduatedegreesarealreadyinvestinginsomeofthefoundationalskillsneededtoworkwithAI,likedataanalysisandcomputerprogramming.Toensurecompetitiveness,regionalleadersshouldcontinueinvestinginfoundationalAI-relatedskilltrainingfortheirworkforce.

4

MANYCOUNTRIESARECLOSINGTHEGENDERGAP

INONLINELEARNING

Onaverage,only43%ofCourseralearnersfromthecountriescoveredinthisreportidentifyaswomen.Canada(55%)hasoneofthehighestpercentagesoflearnerswhoarewomenontheCourseraplatform.Othercountriesthathaveachievedfifty-fiftyparityinaccesstoonlinelearningincludethePhilippines(51%),Thailand(51%),Mexico(51%),andSpain(50%).TheshareofSTEM-relatedcertificateenrollmentsfromwomenincreasedfrom25%in2019to38%in2022.

INSIGHTSINACTION:Toenhancesocialandeconomicmobilityforwomen,collaborationamonggovernments,businesses,andhighereducationinstitutionsiscrucial.LeadersshouldinvestinfreeonlineSTEMeducationprogramsforwomenandgirlsandoffervitalsupportserviceslikebroadbandaccess,localmentorship,andjobplacement.Governments,includingtheGuyanaMinistryofHealthandHumanServicesandtheU.K.Girls’EducationSkillsPartnership,areofferingtensofthousandsofscholarshipsforwomenandgirlsinemergingeconomiestodevelopskillsonCoursera.12

5

“TheGirls’EducationSkills

Partnershipexemplifiesthe

commitmentoftheU.K.

governmentandtheprivate

sectorinaddressingthecritical

gapinskillinggirlsfor21st

centuryopportunities.

KevinFrey

ChiefExecutiveOfficer,GenerationUnlimited

Introduction

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ExecutiveSummary

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GlobalSkillsReport2023

PROFESSIONALCERTIFICATES

GlobaldemandforProfessionalCertificatesissurgingyear-over-year(YOY),particularlyinSub-SaharanAfrica(80%),theAsiaPacificregion(69%),andNorthAmerica(53%).ThehighestgrowthratesareinthePhilippines(253%),Pakistan(228%),andBrazil(171%).TheUnitedStatesleadsinoverallProfessionalCertificateenrollmentwith1.3millionenrollments,followedbyIndia(654,000)andNigeria(142,000).Notably,low-incomecountriesexperiencethegreatestenrollmentgrowth,whilehigh-incomecountrieshavethehighestoverallenrollments.

INSIGHTSINACTION:Institutionsmusthelpdisplacedworkerstransitionintonewcareersbyfocusingonskills-basedhiringandlearning.Micro-credentials,inparticular,areeffectiveinpreparingtalentfornewandemergingcareers.13Forinstance,theMinistryofScienceandEducationintheRepublicofKazakhstanlaunchedanationwideinitiativetoprepare20,000studentsandfacultyacross25publicuniversitiesforthedigitaleconomybyembeddingover600careercredentialsintodegreeprograms.14

SKILLEDTALENTCANBEFOUNDAROUND

THEWORLD

Europeleadstheglobalskillrankingswitheightofthetoptencountries.TheremainingtwoareIndonesiaandJapan.Europeanlearnersexcelinbusinessskills,whilethoseinLatinAmericaandtheCaribbeanleadintechnologyanddatascience.Strengthscanbefoundacrossregionsandcountries.Forexample,learnersinBotswanademonstratehighproficiencyinbusinessskills,andlearnersinKazakhstanexcelintechnologyskills.

INSIGHTSINACTION:Accesstohigh-quality,job-focusedonlineeducationcreatessocialandeconomicmobilityforindividualsaroundtheworld.Thisisespeciallythecasefordevelopingeconomies,where91%oflearnersreportcareerbenefitsfromenrollinginacourseonCoursera.15Byinvestingintrainingprogramsthattargetspecificskillgaps,leaderscanbuildamoretalentedworkforce.

7

Y“oucanstudyforadegreewith

auniversityontheothersideoftheworld,whereveryouare,atwhateverstageoflifeyou’reat:Ifyou’rerearingkids,ifyou’rebusyatwork,ifyouhaveadisability,whichwouldpreventyoucomingtocampusonatraditionalface-to-facedegree…it’sindependentoftimeandspaceandlocation.Andthat’stheinherentflexibilityofthismodeofeducation.

SamBrenton

DirectorofOnlineEducation,UniversityofLondon

Introduction

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ExecutiveSummary

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GlobalSkillsReport2023

Partnerperspectives

“Searchinterestfor‘howtobecome

adataanalyst’reachedaglobalall-timehighin2023.Peopleareeagertoenterthisgrowingfield.Dataanalyticsskillsarein-demandacrossindustriesasbusinessesofalltypesaroundtheworldrecognizethatstronganalyticsimprovebusinessperformance.Theseskillscanleadtowell-payingjobsevenatentry-levelpositions,andtheyoffersignificantupwardcareeropportunities.

LisaGevelber

Founder,GrowwithGoogle

Learnmoreabout

GoogleDataAnalyticsCertificates

“Cloudisacceleratingopportunities

fororganizationsofallsizes,aroundtheglobe,tocompletelytransformtheirbusiness.Fuelingthiscloudtransformationwillbeindividualswiththerightin-demanddigitalskills.Wearedelightedtocontinuepartneringwithinstitutions,likeCoursera,thathelpindividualsbuildpathwaystowardscloudcareerswithskills-basedtrainingsandcertifications.

MaureenLonergan

VP,AWSTrainingandCertification

Learnmoreabout

AWSCloudSolutionsArchitectProfessionalCertificate

“Demandforcybersecurity

professionalsisatanall-time

high,with3.5millionjobopenings

expectedgloballyby2025.As

arecognizedleaderinsecurity,

Ciscoiscommittedtohelping

closethereadinessgap.The

CiscoCybersecurityOperations

Specializationavailableon

Courseraenablesindividualsto

gaintheskillstoidentifythreats,

securethenetwork,andstarta

careerincybersecurity.

ParMerat

VP,CiscoLearningandCertifications

Learnmoreabout

Cisco’sCybersecurityOperationsSpecialization

Introduction

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HowtoReadthisReport

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GlobalSkillsReport2023

HowtoReadthisReport

Understandingskillproficiencies

Courserahasaregisteredlearnerbaseof124Mlearnersandwedrawfromthisbaseoflearnerstoreportskillsinsightsfor100countriesinthisreport.

Whiletheskillproficienciesoflearnersincountriescorrelatewithpositiveeconomicindicators,theyarenotnecessarilyrepresentativeofapopulationwithinacountry,giventhatthisdatacanonlysurfacetrendsamongthosewhoareregisteredlearnersonCoursera.

Anindividual’sabilitytoaccessanduseCourseraisinfluencedbymanyfactors,includinginternetinfrastructure,educationalbackgroundorpasttraining,andlocalcultureornorms.Wealsouselearnerprofiledatasuchasgender,age,andlocation.

Theresultsmayalsobeinfluencedbylocaleconomicorsocialconditions.Forexample,economicdownturnssometimesdrivelearnerstoCoursera.Ourindustrypartnershipsalsosometimesquicklybringthousandsofnewlearnersontotheplatform.Ingeneral,ourgoalistoobjectivelyrepresentwhatishappeningacrosstheCourseraecosystem.

Sometimesourresultscapturewhatishappeningacrossanentireeconomy.Othertimes,thedemographicsandbehaviorofCourseralearnersmeansthatsomeresultsshouldnotbeextrapolatedorinterpretedasrepresentingbroadpopulations.Nevertheless,webelievesharingtheseinsightspresentsanopportunitytogeneratenew,moregranularinsightsandcomplementother,moretraditionaldatasourcesoneducation.

Readingcountryrankings

Tobenchmarkskillproficiencyatthecountrylevel,wefirstmeasuretheskillproficiencyofeachlearnerineachskill.Then,weaggregatethoseproficienciestocomputeinsights—forexample,acountry’sproficiencyinaparticularskillisanaverageofalllearners’skillscoresinthatcountry.

Wethencomparetheseproficiencylevelsagainstoneanotherbyusingpercentilerankings.Acountrythatisat100%ranksatthetopofthe100countriesfeaturedinthisreport,whileacountryat0%isatthebottom.

Thepercentilerankingsaredividedintofour

proficiencycategories:

Cutting-edge:76thpercentileorabove

Competitive:51st-75thpercentile

Limited:26th-50thpercentile

Lagging:25thpercentileorbelow

Range=28.61

Switzerland83.62

Nigeria55.01

0

100

Brazil

74.01

Thoughwepresentthesepercentilesinrelativerankingsof1to100,theactualrawdifferenceinoverallproficiencyscoresamongcountriesismuchcloserthanitmayseem,witharangeof28.61.Theaboveimageillustratestherangeoftherawproficiencyscore(nottobeconfusedwiththeproficiencypercentile).

Introduction

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HowtoReadthisReport

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GlobalSkillsReport2023

Understandingtherelationshipsamongskills

Weassembleavastskillstaxonomyofover4,000skillsinthesubjectareasofbusiness,technology,anddatasciencethroughacombinationofopen-sourcetaxonomieslikeWikipediaandcrowdsourcingfromCourseraeducatorsandlearners.

Guidedbyopen-sourcedatacombinedwithknowledgefromindustryexperts,weassembleastructuredtaxonomythatconnectsCourseradomainstothesetofskillswithinthem,rangingfromcompetenciesdowntoveryspecificskills.

Level1Skills:Alsoknownasdomains,Level1Skillsconstitutethelargestlevelsofgranularityforskills.Inthisreport,wefocusonthreedomains:business,technology,anddatascience.Skillsfoundinthesedomainsareamongourmostpopularandreflecttheskillsthatemployersneed.

•Business:Theseincludeskillsthatinvolvethemanagementandoperationoforganizations—likemarketingandsupplychainsystems—andalsohumanskillslikeleadership&management.

•Technology:Theseareskillsthatinvolvecomputerscience,informationtechnology,andappliedmathematics.SomeexamplesaresoftwareengineeringandJava.

•DataScience:Theseareskillsthatinvolvethecreationanduseofinformation.SomeexamplesareSQL,bigdata,andmachinelearning.

Level2Skills:AlsoknownascompetenciesinCoursera’sSkillsTaxonomy,Level2Skillsarethenextlayerofgranularityfollowingdomains.FortheGlobalSkillsReport,wefocusonmeasuringlearnerskillproficiencyatthecompetencylevel.

Level3Skills:ThesearethemoregranularskillsofCoursera’sSkillsTaxonomythatarecoveredinthisreportandtheseladderdirectlyuptoLevel2Skills.Whenwediscussover-indexingskillsintheGlobalSkillsReport,wearelookingexclusivelyatLevel3Skills.BecausetheseskillsformthebuildingblocksfoundinmanyLevel2Skills,theycanbefoundinmultipleskilldomains.Forinstance,linearalgebraisafoundationalskillforLevel2skillsinboththetechnologyanddatasciencedomains.

Toillustratethemappingamongdomains,competencies,andskills,hereisasnapshotofasubsectionofCoursera’sSkillsTaxonomy:

Level1

Level2

Level3

Level2

Level3...

ThissampleoftheCourseraSkillTaxonomyincludes

allLevel1andLevel2coveredintheGlobalSkills

ReportbutonlyasmallselectionoftheLevel3skills

coveredinthereport.

Business

Accounting

Auditing

Communication

Peopleskills

Enterpreneurship

Adaptability

Finance

Blockchain

HumanResources

Benefits

Leadership&Management

Peoplemanagement

Marketing

Digitalmarketing

Sales

Cross-selling

Strategy&Operations

Operationsmanagement

Technology

CloudComputing

SoftwareasaService

ComputerNetworking

Cloudcomputing

ComputerProgramming

JavaScript

Databases

Relationaldatabase

MobileDevelopment

Androiddevelopment

OperatingSystems

Mobileappdevelopment

SecurityEngineering

Cybersecurity

SoftwareEngineering

Softwarearchitecture

TheoreticalComputerScience

Algorithms

WebDevelopment

Angular

DataScience

DataAnalysis

Exploratorydataanalysis

DataManagement

CloudAPIs

DataVizualization

Tableau

MachineLearning

Multi-tasklearning

Mathematics

Calculus

Probability&Statistics

Regression

StatisticalProgramming

Python

GlobalSkillsReport2023

Introduction

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HowtoReadthisReport

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13

CourseraLearner

MoRebaie,Lebanon

Global

Overview

13

GLOBAL

OVERVIEW

GLOBALAVERAGES:Thesefigures

reflectaverageddataforthe100

countriescoveredinthisreport.

48%

LearningonMobile

43%

WomenLearners

75%33

InternetAccessMedianAge

个46%

ProfessionalCertificate

Cutting-edge75%-100%Competitive50%-75%

Limited25%-50%Lagging0-25%

EnrollmentGrowth

GlobalSkillsReport2023GlobalOverview14

GlobalOverview

15

GlobalSkillsReport2023

Cutting-edge(75%-100%)

WHERETHEYARE:EuropeandpartsofAsiaPacific,includingHongKongandSingapore

73%

Avg.HumanCapitalIndexScore

4.67%

Avg.PercentofWorkingAgePopulationRegisteredonCoursera

87%

Avg.InternetAccess

Competitive(50%-75%)

TheHumanCapitalIndex(HCI)scoreisbasedonasetofindicatorsthatcapturethequantity

WHERETHEYARE:PrimarilyEuropeandLatinAmerica,

andqualityofeducation,health,andworkexperiencesofpeopleineachcountry,orregion.

thoughalsocountrieslikeSouthKorea,UnitedArabEmirates,andBotswana

4.32%

Avg.PercentofWorkingAgePopulationRegisteredonCoursera

63%

Avg.HumanCapital

IndexScore

82%

Avg.InternetAccess

Limited(25%-50%)

WHERETHEYARE:PrimarilyAsiaPacific,Europe,andtheMiddleEastandNorthAfrica

59%

Avg.HumanCapitalIndexScore

3.34%

Avg.PercentofWorkingAgePopulationRegisteredonCoursera

72%

Avg.InternetAccess

Lagging(0-25%)

WHERETHEYARE:PrimarilyAsiaPacific,MiddleEastand

NorthAfrica,NorthAmerica,andSub-SaharanAfrica

52%

Avg.HumanCapitalIndexScore

2.68%

Avg.PercentofWorking

AgePopulationRegistered

onCoursera

56%

Avg.InternetAccess

Global

Rankings

GLOBALRANKCOUNTRYNAME

1Switzerland2Spain3Germany4Luxembourg5Japan6Indonesia7Slovakia8TheNetherlands9France10Belgium11Denmark12Italy13Sweden14Austria15Ukraine16Singapore17Finland18Bulgaria19Colombia20HongKong21Belarus22Norway23Greece24Poland25Mexico

GLOBALRANKCOUNTRYNAME

26SouthKorea27CzechRepublic28Brazil29Botswana30Argentina31Kazakhstan32UnitedArabEmirates33Serbia34China35Armenia36Croatia37Cyprus38Peru