河南开封五县2023年高二下学期第二次月考联考英语试题（含答案解析）

2022—2023学年高二下学期月考英语试卷考试时间：120分钟第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AShakespeare’sGlobeExhibition&TourisauniqueinternationalresourcetoexploreShakespeare’swork.Openallyearround,itgivesyouanopportunitytolearnmoreaboutthemostfamousplaywright(剧作家),Shakespeare,andhelpsyouseektofurthertheexperienceandinternationalunderstandingofhim.GroupVisits-to-theExhibition&TourOpeningHoursTheatreTours:MondaytoSunday9:30a.m.—5:00p.m.Exhibition:MondaytoSunday9:00a.m.—4:00p.m.Groupsof15peopleormorearerequiredtopre-booktheirvisit,andeachgroupwillhaveitsowntourguide.Tomakeareservation,pleasefillinaGroupRequestFormandreturnittousviaemail.ExhibitionandTourPricesAdult:£15.00Children(5-15):£8.00Gettinghere:Shakespeare’sGlobe21NewGlobeWalk,LondonSE19DT,UKWecurrentlyhaveenhancedsecurity,withallbagsbeingchecked.Pleasearriveingoodtime,donotbringanylargebags.BycarandtaxiWherepossible,visitorsareadvisedtoarrivebypublictransportorbytaxi.ThereisacarparkonThamesExchangeonthenorthsideofSouthwarkBridge.BlackcabsmaybefoundallyearroundonSouthwarkBridge.ItmayalsobepossibletopickonefromoutsidethemainfoyeronNewGlobeWalk.1.Whencanyoupayavisittotheexhibition?A.8:35a.m.onMonday. B.2:35p.m.onFriday.C.5:35p.m.onSaturday. D.4:35p.m.onSunday.2.Whichofthefollowingappliestovisitors?A.Theyarerequiredtodeposit(寄存)theirbagsbeforeentering.B.TheycanparkonthesouthsideofSouthwarkBridge.C.TaxiservicesareaccessiblenearSouthwarkBridge.D.It’smoreconvenienttodrivetherethantakingpublictransport.3.Thepassageismeantto.A.persuadereaderstotravelaroundLondon.B.alertreaderstothehistoryoftheuniqueinternationalresource.C.helpinspirereaders’enthusiasmforShakespeare’sclassicalworks.D.informreadersofinformationabouttheShakespeare’sGlobeExhibition&Tour.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是莎士比亚环球展览和巡回展览的相关情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Exhibition:部分的“MondaytoSunday9:00a.m.—4:00p.m.(周一至周日上午9:00至下午4:00)”可知，在周五下午2:35可以参观展览会，故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Bycarandtaxi部分的“ThereisacarparkonThamesExchangeonthenorthsideofSouthwarkBridge.BlackcabsmaybefoundallyearroundonSouthwarkBridge.(在SouthwarkBridge北侧的泰晤士交易所有一个停车场。在SouthwarkBridge全年都可以看到黑色出租车。)”可知，在SouthwarkBridge附近有出租车服务。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Shakespeare’sGlobeExhibition&TourisauniqueinternationalresourcetoexploreShakespeare’swork.Openallyearround,itgivesyouanopportunitytolearnmoreaboutthemostfamousplaywright(剧作家),Shakespeare,andhelpsyouseektofurthertheexperienceandinternationalunderstandingofhim.(莎士比亚环球展览和参观是一个独特的国际资源来探索莎士比亚的作品。它全年开放，让你有机会更多地了解最著名的剧作家莎士比亚，并帮助你寻求进一步的经验和对他的国际理解。)”，“GroupVisits-to-theExhibition&TourOpeningHours(团体参观及参观时间)”，“ExhibitionandTourPrices(展览及团费)”，“Gettinghere:(到达地点:)”和“Bycarandtaxi(乘汽车和出租车)”可知，本文主要介绍的是莎士比亚环球展览和巡回展览的相关情况，因此本文的目的是告知读者有关莎士比亚环球展览和巡回展览的信息。故选D。BHarperLeewasanAmericannovelistwidelyknownforToKillaMockingbird,publishedin1960,whichwonthe1961PulitzerPrizeandhasbecomeaclassicofmodernAmericanliterature.The1962filmadaptationstarringGregoryPeckwonthreeAcademyAwards.Fordecades,thebookwasLee’sonlymajorworkofpublishedfiction,butitwashugelyinfluentialforgenerationsofUSreaders.Ithassoldmorethan10millioncopies,andisoneofthemostwidelytaughtnovelsintheUSschools.In2007shewasawardedthePresidentialMedalofFreedomforhercontributionstoliterature.Leewantedtoliveasimplelifeandwasnevercomfortablewiththeattentionthenovelwonher,andshepracticallydisappearedfrompubliclifeafteritappeared.Theworld,however,continuedwaitingforanewnovelfromher,andonoccasionshesuggestedthatshehadastoryinprogress.In2015,abookdidcomeout.GoSetaWatchmanwasmoreofafirstdraft,featuringScout,theyounggirlwhowasthemaincharacterofToKillaMockingbird.GoSetaWatchmantellsastoryofScoutasanadult.Accusationsarosethatthe89-year-oldLeewasnotabletoagreetothemanuscript’srelease，andthatvariouspartieshadsignedonherbehalf.ThoughLeemovedtoNewYorkin1949,shespentmanyyearsguardingherprivacy(隐私)inMonroeville,whichservedastheclearinspirationforthesettinginToKillaMockingbird.In2007,Leesufferedastroke(中风),butrecoveredandlatersettledinMonroevillepermanentlytocareforhersister,Alice,whodiedin2014.Shewassaidtoeatbreakfasteverymorningatthesamefast-foodspot,andwasfriendlywithherneighbors.ThecountlessAmericansknewheronlythroughherworks，andtheywillundoubtedlymissher.4.WhatcanbelearnedaboutHarperLeefromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.ShewasregardedthegreatestwriterinAmerica.B.ShemadegreatcontributionstoAmericanliterature.C.Sheoncestarredinafilmadaptedfromherownnovel.D.ShegothernovelswellacceptedinmostAmericanschools.5.WhydidHarperLeedisappearfrompubliclifeafterherfirstnovelcameout?A.Shetriedtogetoutofaccusations.B.Shewantedtowriteanothernovel.C.Sheintendedtoavoidbeingbothered.D.Shewasn’tcomfortablewithhernovel’sinfluence.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutHarperLee’sGoSetaWatchman?AIttellsherownlifestory.B.Itisadaptedintoafamousfilm.C.Itwonherlotsofhonorsandawards.D.Itcontinuesthestoryofherearlierone.7.WhatcanbeinferredaboutHarperLeefromthelastparagraph?A.Shediedofastrokein2014.B.Shewillberememberedforever.C.Shecaredmuchforherneighbors.D.Sheledalonelylifeinherlaterlife.【答案】4.B5.D6.D7.B【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。美国小说家HarperLee因小说《杀死一只知更鸟》而为人所知，文章讲述了她对美国现代文学所作出的巨大贡献。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“HarperLeewasanAmericannovelistwidelyknownforToKillaMockingbird,…hasbecomeaclassicofmodernAmericanliterature.(HarperLee的小说《杀死一只知更鸟》成为美国现代文学的经典之作。)”和第二段中“In2007shewasawardedthePresidentialMedalofFreedomforhercontributionstoliterature.（2007年，她被授予总统自由勋章，以表彰她对文学的贡献。）”可知，HarperLee对美国文学做出了巨大的贡献。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Leewantedtoliveasimplelifeandwasnevercomfortablewiththeattentionthenovelwonher,andshepracticallydisappearedfrompubliclifeafteritappeared.（Lee想过简朴的生活，小说为她赢得的关注令她感到不安。小说问世后，她几乎从公众生活中消失了。）”可知，她的小说给她带来的影响让她感到不安，因此在第一部小说出版后，她就淡出了公众生活。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“GoSetaWatchmanwas…featuringScout,theyounggirlwhowasthemaincharacterofToKillaMockingbird.GoSetaWatchmantellsastoryofScoutasanadult.（《设立守望者》的主角是《杀死一只知更鸟》的主角——年轻女孩Scout。《设立守望者》讲述了Scout成年后的故事。）”可知，HarperLee的《设立守望者》是她早期小说《杀死一只知更鸟》的延续。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。文章最后一段提到“ThecountlessAmericansknewheronlythroughherworks，andtheywillundoubtedlymissher.（无数的美国人是通过她的作品认识她的，他们无疑会怀念她。）”可以推断，人们会永远怀念HarperLee。故选B项。CYoumaynotknowit,butyourbrainisalreadyanamazingvocabularylearningmachine.Whenyoureadorlistentosomething,yourbraindoesn’ttakeeachwordatfacevalue:it’scontinuouslytakingstatisticsaboutwhichwordsappeartogetherregularlysothatitcanexpectwhat’scomingnextandprocessspeechfaster.Ourbrainscontinuouslyreleaseelectricalsignals,whichchangedependingonwhattaskyourbrainisdealingwith.Scientistscanuseatechniquetoreadsomeofthesetostudyhowyourbrainprocesseslanguage.Oneofthesesignals,calledN400,changesdependingonwhetherwordsmakesenseincontextornot.TheN400isrelativelysmallforexpectedwordcombinations,likecoffeeandcream,andincreasesinheightforunexpectedwordcombinations,likecoffeeandcap.ThismeansthatscientistscanreadtheN400heighttoanalyzethekindofexpectationsyouhaveaboutwhichwordsusuallyappeartogether.Inlanguagelearners,theN400changesbasedonproficiency（熟练程度）.Thebetterpeoplegetatalanguage,theclosertheirN400patternistonativespeaker’s.Thismeansthatanimportantpartoflanguageproficiencyistakingstatisticsandbuildingexpectationsaboutwhatwordsusuallyappeartogether,justasnativespeakersdo.Togetbetteratthis,weneedtofloodourbrainswithloadsofnaturalcontent,sowecanbuildupapictureofwhichkindsofwordsusuallyappeartogether.Readingisagreatwaytodothisandthere’slotsofresearchthatshowsthatreadingworkswondersforyourvocabularyskills.However,itisimportanttorememberthatiftherearetoomanyunknownwords,itcanbedifficulttofigureoutwhattheymeanfromthecontext.Anditisunpleasanthavingtostopeverytwomilestolookupaword.Gradedreaders,whicharebooksadaptedtomakethemeasiertounderstandatlowerlevels,areperfectforlearnersofforeignlanguages.8.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph1?A.Tostateafact. B.Toofferasuggestion.C.Tomakeacomparison. D.Toproposeadefinition.9.WhatdoesitmeaniftheN400increases?A.Wemakesenseofsomewordcombinationsinacontext.B.Wecombinesomenewwordstomakeasentence.C.Wememorizesomewordcombinationstolearnalanguage.D.Wemeetsomewordcombinationsbeyondourexpectations.10.Howcanwehaveanativespeaker-likeN400patternaccordingtotheauthor?A.Byreadingsomebooksaboutvocabularyskills.B.Byreadinglotsofnaturalcontent.C.Byreadingloadsofbooksaboutnatureanddrawingpictures.D.Byreadingauthenticcontenttoincreaseourvocabulary.11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Itismorebeneficialtoreadeasybooks.B.Itisimportanttolookupnewwords.CWeshouldmainlyreadadaptedbooks.D.Weshouldchoosematerialsrightforourlevel.【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了我们的大脑是一个词汇学习机器，研究者用N400来研究了大脑是如何处理我们所遇到的单词组合，并且提出学习语言时，应选择适合自己水平的读本。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段首句“Youmaynotknowit,butyourbrainisalreadyanamazingvocabularylearningmachine.（你可能不知道，但是你的大脑已经是一个很好的词汇学习机器。）”可知，后文举例说明你的大脑是一个很好的词汇学习机器，故第一段的目的是为了陈述我们的大脑是词汇学习机器的这个事实，故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“TheN400isrelativelysmallforexpectedwordcombinations,likecoffeeandcream,andincreasesinheightforunexpectedwordcombinations,likecoffeeandcap.（对于预料中的单词组合，比如说咖啡和冰淇淋，N400相对来说比较低；但是对于预料之外的单词组合时，比如说咖啡和帽子，N400就会增加。）”可知，如果N400上升的话，那就意味着我们遇到了意料之外的单词组合，故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Togetbetteratthis,weneedtofloodourbrainswithloadsofnaturalcontent,sowecanbuildupapictureofwhichkindsofwordsusuallyappeartogether.（为了更擅长这点，我们需要让我们大脑充满自然的语言内容，这样的话，我们就能在大脑里建造一副图片，图片里是哪些单词通常一起出现。）”可知，如果我们想要像本土人一样的N400模式，我们需要读很多的自然语言内容，故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Gradedreaders,whicharebooksadaptedtomakethemeasiertounderstandatlowerlevels,areperfectforlearnersofforeignlanguages.（分级读本对于外语学习者来说是最好的选择，因为它们是改编读本，主要是为了较低水平的阅读者能更容易理解。）”可知，在选择阅读读本时，我们应该根据自己的水平选择适合的读本，这样的话才有利于学习，故选D。DSpaceX,ElonMusk'srocketcompany,launchedthenewlydesignedCrewDragoncapsule,carryingfourastronautstospaceonNov.16.Thespacecraftsuccessfullydocked(对接)withtheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)onNov.17.ThisisthefirsttimethatNASAhassentacrewintoorbitentirelyviaaprivately-ownedspacecraft.“It'sthestartofanewerainwhichroutineastronautjourneystothelowEarthorbitarebeingconductedbycommercialproviders,”NASAsaid.NASA'scommercialmannedprogramhastakenalotofrisks.WhetherthefundingissufficientinthelongtermandwhetherthecompanieshavethecapabilitiestosolveallthetechnicaldifficultieshavebeenrepeatedlyquestionedbytheUSCongress.Beforethelaunch,NASAhadcooperatedwithSpaceXformorethanadecadetobuildamannedspacecraft.Backin2014,NASAwasfacingavitaldecision—choosingthefinaliststocompletethetaskofdevelopingalternativespaceshuttles.Eventually,itcamedowntoBoeingandSpaceX.Therewasfiercecompetitionbetweenthetwocompaniestocompletethemission.InDecember2019,Boeing'smannedspaceship,CST-100Starliner,wentthroughatestflight,butduetomultipleerrors,itfailedtoreachtheISS.TherecentlaunchoftheCrewDragoncapsulewasn'tflawless,either.Anairleakcausedanunexpecteddropinthecapsule'spressurelessthantwohoursbeforethelaunch,aNASAofficialsaid.Thankstothetechnicians,thelaunchwasn'taffected.Inthecomingyear,USactorTomCruisewillstartacommercialspacejourneyontheDragoncapsuletofilmamovieattheISS.Atthesametime,Boeingiscatchingup.Thecompanywillconductanotherunmannedflightin2021,anditsfirstmannedmissionwilltakeplacesometimein2022.“Itverymuchfollowstheaviation(航空)erawhenairlinersusedtobegovernment-run,andnowofcoursethey'vebeencommercialforanumberofdecades,”saidoneoftheDragoncapsulecrewmembers.12.WhatisthesignificanceofthesuccessfullaunchoftheCrewDragoncapsule?A.Itcarriedfourastronautsintospace.B.ItsuccessfullydockedwiththeInternationalSpaceStation.C.Itsentordinarypeopletospaceforthefirsttime.D.Itmarksthebeginningofspaceflightbeingconductedbycommercialproviders.13.What'sthemainfactorcontributingtothesuccessfullaunchoftheCrewDragoncapsule?A.SpaceX'slong-termcooperationwithNASA.B.Boeing'sfailureinthetestflightduetomultipleerrors.C.SpaceX'ssufficientfunding.D.Thetimelysettlementofthetechnicaldifficulties.14.Whatdoestheunderlined“It”refertoinParagraph5?A.TheCrewDragoncapsulewaslaunchedbySpaceX.B.Commercialspaceexploration.C.ThecompetitionbetweenBoeingandSpaceX.D.Commercialairliners.15.Whichonecanbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.Themannedspacecraftwaslaunched B.SpaceflightgoescommercialC.NASAfaceslotsofrisks D.SpaceXleadsthewayinspaceflight【答案】12.D13.D14.B15.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了美国商业宇宙飞船首次成功载人上天，这是一个开端，开启了商业航天的新时代。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“It'sthestartofanewerainwhichroutineastronautjourneystothelowEarthorbitarebeingconductedbycommercialproviders,”NASAsaid.(美国国家航空航天局表示：“这是一个新时代的开始，在这个时代里，宇航员到近地轨道的例行旅行正在由商业供应商进行”)可知，“天龙号”飞船的成功发射标志着商业供应商开始进行太空飞行。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“TherecentlaunchoftheCrewDragoncapsulewasn'tflawless,either.Anairleakcausedanunexpecteddropinthecapsule’spressurelessthantwohoursbeforethelaunch,aNASAofficialsaid.Thankstothetechnicians,thelaunchwasn’taffected.”(一位国国家航空航天局的官员说，最近“天龙号”飞船的发射也不是完美无缺的，在发射前不到两小时，一次空气泄漏导致太空舱压力意外下降。多亏了技术人员，发射没有受到影响。)可知，成功发射“天龙号”飞船的主要因素是技术难题得到了及时的解决。故选D。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据第五段中“Inthecomingyear,USactorTomCruisewillstartacommercialspacejourneyontheDragoncapsuletofilmamovieattheISS.Atthesametime,Boeingiscatchingup.”（在将要到来的一年，美国演员汤姆·克鲁斯将乘坐“天龙号”飞船太空舱开始商业太空旅行，并在国际空间站拍摄一部电影。与此同时，波音公司正在迎头赶上）可知，It指的是“商业化的太空探索”。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“It'sthestartofanewerainwhichroutineastronautjourneystothelowEarthorbitarebeingconductedbycommercialproviders”（这是一个新时代的开始，在这个新时代，宇航员前往近地轨道的日常旅行将由商业供应商进行）可知，本文主要讲述了美国商业宇宙飞船成功载人上天，这是一个开端，开启了商业航天的新时代，因此本文的最佳标题为选项B“航天飞行变得商业化”。A.发射了载人宇宙飞船；C.NASA面临很多风险；D.SpaceX在太空飞行方面领先。这三项均不是本文要表达的主旨。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。IfyoutraveltonearlyanyChinesecityinthesummertime,youwillseepeople,mostlymenwearingT-shirts,sittingoutonthesidewalksonlowchairsintheshade,playingagamewithlargerounddisksofwood.____16____XiangqidatesbackasearlyastheWarringStatesperiod.WhileexpertshavedifferentopinionsastowhocreatedXiangqiandhowitislinkedtoWesternchess,thereisnodoubtthatbytheTangDynastyXiangqiwasapopulargameinChina.____17____Andinthe20thcenturybothSunYat-senandZhouEnlaiwerebigfansofthegame.And,thoughitmaylookquiteabitdifferentthanWesternchess,Xiangqiisactuallyquitesimilarinwhatthepiecescandoandhowthegameisplayed.LikeWesternchess,theobjectofthegameistocapturetheotherplayer’s“king”.____18____UnlikeWesternchessinsteadofplacingthepiecesinsquares,thepiecesareplacedontheintersectionsoflines.AnotherbigdifferencebetweenWesternchessandXiangqiisthatthereisalargeemptyspaceinthemiddleoftheboard,whichtheelephantscannotcross.____19____ThisspacereferstoanareainChinawhereLiuBangandXiangYuhadalife-or-deathwar.Thewarwassoinfluentialthat“theChuRiverandtheHanBoundary”hasbecomeametaphor(隐喻)referringtoanyboundarybetweentwoopposingarmies.WhentheChinesepeopletodayseethisnameontheboard,thebattlescenescometotheirmind,asthoughtheyaresurroundedbythicksmoke,abletohearthebeatingofwardrums.____20____A.Actually,inXiangqiheisjustageneral.B.DuringtheQingDynastyitspopularitygrew.C.Itiscalled“theChuRiverandtheHanBoundary”.D.ThegameiscalledXiangqi,agameofordinarypeople.E.TherearemanydifferencesbetweenXiangqiandWesternchess.F.Anintensebattleisabouttotakeplaceonthissmallchessboard.G.SeveralsayingsrelatedtoXiangqiareincommonuseinChinatoday.【答案】16.D17.B18.A19.C20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的象棋。【16题详解】上文“IfyoutraveltonearlyanyChinesecityinthesummertime,youwillseepeople,mostlymenwearingT-shirts,sittingoutonthesidewalksonlowchairsintheshade,playingagamewithlargerounddisksofwood.”（如果你在夏天去中国的任何一个城市旅行，你会看到人们，大多数是穿着T恤的男人，坐在人行道上的阴凉处的矮椅子上，用大圆盘木头玩游戏）描述了下象棋的景象，下文“XiangqidatesbackasearlyastheWarringStatesperiod.”（象棋的历史可以追溯到战国）介绍象棋可以追溯到战国时代，所以空处应该指出这个游戏是象棋，D项“这个游戏叫象棋，一个普通人的游戏”符合逻辑关系。故选D。【17题详解】根据上文“XiangqidatesbackasearlyastheWarringStatesperiod.WhileexpertshavedifferentopinionsastowhocreatedXiangqiandhowitislinkedtoWesternchess,thereisnodoubtthatbytheTangDynastyXiangqiwasapopulargameinChina.”（象棋的历史可以追溯到战国。虽然专家们对象棋的创造者以及它与西洋象棋的联系有不同的看法，但毫无疑问，到了唐代，象棋在中国已经成为一种流行的游戏）介绍象棋在中国历史悠久，很受欢迎。这里是按时间顺序：战国时期—唐朝，所以空处应该按照时间讲唐朝之后的一个时期，象棋的发展情形。B项“在清朝时期，它的知名度增加了”符合时间逻辑关系。故选B。【18题详解】空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“LikeWesternchess,theobjectofthegameistocapturetheotherplayer’s“king”.”（和西洋象棋一样，这个游戏的目的是捕捉对手的“国王”）推知，空处应该讲述中国象棋中的“王”，A项“其实在象棋里他只是个将军。”符合题意。故选A。【19题详解】上文“UnlikeWesternchess,insteadofplacingthepiecesinsquares,thepiecesareplacedontheintersectionsoflines.AnotherbigdifferencebetweenWesternchessandXiangqiisthatthereisalargeemptyspaceinthemiddleoftheboard,whichtheelephantscannotcross.”（与西方国际象棋不同，棋子不是放在正方形中，而是放在直线的交叉点上。象棋和西洋象棋的另一大区别是棋盘中间有一大块空白，象无法通过）提到中国象棋中有个空间是象不能越过的；下文“ThisspacereferstoanareainChinawhereLiuBangandXiangYuhadalife-or-deathwar.”（这个空间指的是中国的一个地区，刘邦和项羽在那里进行了一场生死战）提到这个空间就是刘邦和项羽打生死战的地方，所以空处应是对这个空间进行定义，C项“它被称为“楚河汉界””符合逻辑。故选C。【20题详解】根据上文“Thewarwassoinfluentialthat“theChuRiverandtheHanBoundary”hasbecomeametaphor(隐喻)referringtoanyboundarybetweentwoopposingarmies.WhentheChinesepeopletodayseethisnameontheboard,thebattlescenescometotheirmind,asthoughtheyaresurroundedbythicksmoke,abletohearthebeatingofwardrums.”（这场战争的影响是如此之大，以至于“楚汉边界”已经成为一个隐喻，指的是两个敌对军队之间的任何边界。当今天的中国人看到这个名字在黑板上，战斗的画面浮现在他们的脑海中，仿佛被浓烟包围，能够听到战鼓的敲击声）提到楚河汉界是一种隐喻，因此下象棋时棋盘也是个战场，人们看到这个名字就好像沉浸在硝烟四起、战鼓喧天的战争场面。F项“一场激烈的战斗即将在这个小棋盘上进行”符合逻辑。故选F。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ihaddrivenhometocelebratemy38thbirthdaywithmymother.WhenIarrived,Ifoundher___21___proudlyatthekitchentable,achocolatecakeandtwoboxeswrappedorangeribbon(丝带)infrontofher.“Happybirthday!”shesaid,___22___attheboxes.“Openthem.”Assheknowsme___23___thananyone,she’dgottenmeexactlywhatIwanted—runningclothes.I___24___herandthankedherandproceeded(接着)toeatthecake.“Toomany___25___,”Isaid,notreallycaring.“You’llrunthemofftomorrow,”Momsaid.Manyadultchildrenwithaparentsufferingfrom___26___memorywilltellyoutherewasonedaythat___27___tothemthattheirrelationshipwiththeirmotherorfatherwouldbeforeverchanged.Formethatday___28___twoweekslater,whenIdrovebackforanothershort___29___.Icameuponexactlythesame____30____:mymomsittingatthekitchentable;achocolatecakerestingnexttotwo____31____wrappedincurlyribbon.Theribbonwasgreenthistime.Thatwastheonly____32____“Happybirthday!”mymomsaid.Iwastotally____33____.“What’sgoingon?”Iasked.Momsmiled.“Can’tIcelebratemydaughter’sbirthday?”Thiswasno____34____.Thiswasreallife,andsincemymotherclearlyonlywantedtomakeme____35____,Ipushedasidemyfearandfulfilledmyroleasthe____36____daughter.Ihuggedher,thankedherand____37____theclothes...Ididnotmentiontoherthatwe’ddoneallthistwo____38____ago.Myhouseisherworldnow.MymotherandIhavethe____39____conversationroughly10timesaday.____40____,Iconsideritapleasure,becauseeveryminuteisnewforher.21.A.cooking B.sitting C.singing D.dancing22.A.shouting B.running C.staring D.gesturing23.A.earlier B.longer C.better D.less24.A.paid B.hugged C.comforted D.ignored25.A.calories B.presents C.decorations D.candles26.A.sad B.lasting C.failing D.past27.A.signaled B.added C.appealed D.contributed28.A.ended B.came C.changed D.disappeared29.A.memory B.birthday C.party D.visit30.A.day B.idea C.scene D.celebration31.A.boxes B.bags C.dresses D.hats32.A.color B.choice C.attraction D.difference33.A.moved B.confused C.embarrassed D.excited34.A.pleasure B.trouble C.trick D.end35.A.happy B.shocked C.puzzled D.upset36.A.friendly B.successful C.forgetful D.grateful37.A.admired B.washed C.declined D.wrapped38.A.days B.weeks C.months D.years39.A.previous B.annoying C.only D.same40.A.Therefore B.Instead C.However D.Moreover【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.B25.A26.C27.A28.B29.D30.C31.A32.D33.B34.C35.A36.D37.A38.B39.D40.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者的母亲在为作者精心筹备完38岁的生日后不久患上了记忆障碍，记忆力减退，在两周后准备了同样的礼物为作者再次庆祝生日。面对生病的母亲，作者用实际行动回报母亲的爱。【21题详解】本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系和对应原文。句意：当我到达时，我发现她正得意地在餐桌前唱歌，一个巧克力蛋糕和两个盒子在她面前，用橙色的丝带包着。A.cooking烹饪，做饭；B.sitting坐；C.singing唱歌；D.dancing跳舞。根据第六段中mymomsittingatthekitchentable作者对再次回家探望母亲时看到的情景的描述，可知母亲是在坐在餐桌旁，故选B。【22题详解】本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：当我到达时，我发现她正得意地在餐桌前唱歌，“生日快乐!”她指着盒子说。“打开。”A.shouting喊；B.running跑；C.staring分享；D.gesturing打手势。母亲在说“生日快乐!”的同时，应该是“用手指向”装礼物的盒子，并告诉作者“打开它们”，故选D。【23题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：因为她比任何人都了解我，她给我买了我想要的东西——运动服。A.earlier更早的/地；B.longer更长的；C.better更好的/地；D.less更少的/地。根据下文she’dgottenmeexactlywhatIwanted—runningclothes.可知，母亲买给“我”的礼物正是“我”想要的，可见母亲比任何人都“更了解我”。well可与know搭配，可表示程度，故选C。【24题详解】本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：我拥抱了她，谢谢她，然后开始吃蛋糕。A.paid支付；B.hugged拥抱；C.comforted安慰；D.ignored忽视。此处的hugged与后面的thanked相呼应，表达了作者对母亲为她筹备生日的感激之情。故选B。【25题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：“卡路里太多了，”我说，其实并不在乎。A.calories卡路里；B.presents礼物；C.decorations装饰；D.candles蜡烛。根据母亲的答语You’llrunthemofftomorrow可知，此处作者说的是蛋糕中的卡路里。故选A。【26题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：许多成年子女的父母都患有记忆力衰退，他们会告诉你，会有那么一天示意着他们，他们与母亲或父亲的关系将永远改变。A.sad悲伤的；B.lasting持久的；C.failing衰退的，下降的；D.past过去的。根据下文母亲忘记了已经给女儿过完生日，以及最后一段母亲可能每天跟作者说上十遍左右同样的对话，可看出母亲记忆力衰退。故选C。【27题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：许多成年子女的父母都患有记忆力衰退，他们会告诉你，会有那么一天示意着他们，他们与母亲或父亲的关系将永远改变。A.signaled发信号；示意；B.added增加；C.appealed吸引，呼吁；D.contributed贡献，有助于。结合语境来看，可知是指会有那么一天，那一天的到来示意他们与父母的关系将永远发生变化。故选A。【28题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：对我来说，那一天在两周后的一天到来了，那天我又开车回去做了一次短暂的拜访。A.ended结束；B.came来；C.changed改变，变化；D.disappeared消失。空前的thatday指的就是上一段中提到的oneday，这样一个日子在两周后到来了。故选B。【29题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：对我来说，那一天在两周后的一天到来了，那天我又开车回去做了一次短暂的拜访。A.memory记忆，记忆力；B.birthday生日；C.party宴会；D.visit参观，拜访。根据上下文判断，这里应该是作者再次回家看望母亲。故选D。【30题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我看到了完全相同的一幕：妈妈坐在厨房的桌子旁；一个巧克力蛋糕放在两个用卷带包裹的盒子旁边。A.day天，日子；B.idea观点，主意；C.scene场面，情景；D.celebration庆祝。作者这次到了母亲家看到了与生日那天同样的场景。选C。【31题详解】本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系和对应原文。句意：我看到了完全相同的一幕：妈妈坐在厨房的桌子旁；一个巧克力蛋糕放在两个用卷带包裹的盒子旁边。A.boxes箱子，盒子；B.bags包，袋；C.dresses衣服；D.hats帽子。该空与第一段中提到的boxes相呼应，故选A。【32题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：这次丝带是绿色的。这是唯一的区别。A.color颜色；B.choice选择；C.attraction吸引力，魅力；D.difference差异，不同。根据该段与第一段中对作者到母亲家看到的场景的描述可看出，母亲两次准备的生日礼物几乎相同，唯一的差异这次丝带是绿色的，故选D。【33题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我完全糊涂了。“发生什么事了?”我问。A.moved感动的；B.confused困惑的；C.embarrassed尴尬的；D.excited激动的。根据下文“What’sgoingon?”可看出，面对眼前的一幕，作者一开始不知发生了什么，所以感到很困惑。故选B。【34题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：这不是恶作剧。A.pleasure愉快；B.trouble麻烦；C.trick诡计，技巧；D.end结尾，末端。根据作者在第五段提到的记忆力衰退问题及该空后的Thiswasreallife可看出，此时作者意识到是母亲的记忆力出现了问题，而非母亲为捉弄自己而搞的恶作剧。故选C。【35题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：这是真实的生活，因为我的母亲显然只是想让我快乐，我抛开了忧虑，履行了作为一个感恩的女儿的职责。A.happy高兴的，快乐的；B.shocked震惊的；C.puzzled迷惑的；D.upset不安的，心烦的。虽然当天并不是作者生日，但作者知道记忆力出现问题的母亲也是一片好心，为使自己开心，才准备了这么多礼物。故选A。【36题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：这是真实的生活，因为我的母亲显然只是想让我快乐，我抛开了忧虑，履行了作为一个感恩的女儿的职责。A.friendly友好的；B.successful成功的；C.forgetful健忘的；D.grateful感激的。根据上下文可知，作者当时尽力平复心情，努力扮演好一个对母亲为自己所做的一切表示感恩的女儿的角色，故选D。【37题详解】本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：我拥抱她，感谢她，称赞着衣服……A.admired称赞；赞扬；B.washed洗；C.declined下降，拒绝；D.wrapped包裹。根据上文作者说母亲在生日那天送她的衣服正是她想要的，可看出作者非常喜欢该礼物，此处作者应该是装作像生日当天样欣喜地称赞衣服，故选A。【38题详解】本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系和对应原文。句意：我没有告诉她我们两个星期前就做了这一切。A.days天；B.weeks周；C.months月；D.years年。此处twoweeksago与第六段中的twoweekslater相呼应，故选B。【39题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我母亲和我每天大概会进行10次同样的对话。A.previous以前的；B.annoying令人烦恼的；C.only唯一的；D.same同样的。根据上文母亲的症状可看出母亲容易忘事，做过的事或说过的话很快就会忘记，所以此处应该是作者一天要陪着母亲一遍遍地重复同样的对话。故选D。【40题详解】本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：然而，我认为这是一种乐趣，因为每一分钟对她来说都是新的。A.Therefore因此；B.Instead反之，代替；C.However但是；D.Moreover而且。根据上下文可看出前后两句是转折关系，尽管因母亲记忆力衰退的问题，作者一天要陪着母亲一遍遍地重复同样的对话，但作者不但没有不耐烦，反而把此事当作乐事,因为每一次对话、每一刻对于母亲来说都是新的。故选C。【易错分析】“Happybirthday!”shesaid,___2___attheboxes.“Openthem.”2.A.shoutingB.runningC.staringD.gesturing第二小题容易误选C项，盯着盒子看，但根据生活常识，应该是边说边指着盒子，故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。HuangHeorTheYellowRiver,flowingthroughnineprovinces,isthesecondlongestriverinChina.Itisalsothesixthlongestintheworldattheestimated____41____(long)of5,464kilometers.Therivertakesonadistinctiveyellowcolor.That's____42____itcollectsmuchsilt(泥沙)anddustfromtheenvironment.TheYellowRiveriscalled“thecradle(摇篮)ofChinesecivilization”as____43____(it)basin-theWeivalley-wasthebirthplaceofancientChinesecivilizationsandthemostprosperous(繁荣的)regioninearlyChinesehistory.Boththeriverandthepeoplealongitsshoreshaveshapedeachother____44____(deep).Whetheryou’reahistoryfanornot,theriveris____45____(fascinate).OriginatingintheBayanHarMountainsinQinghaiProvinceinwesternChina,itflows____46____nineprovincesofChinaandrunsintotheBohaiSea.TheYellowRiverbasinhas____47____eas