大二轮英语11 11全书版专题三第二节

Asculturalsymbolsgo，theAmericancarisquiteyoung.TheModelTFordwasbuiltatthePiquettentinMichiganacenturyago，withthefirstrollingofftheassemblyline(装配线)onSeptember27,1908.Onlyelevencarswereproducedthenextmonth.ButeventuallyHenryFordwouldbuildfifteenmillionofthem.ModernAmericawasbornontheroad，behindawheel.ThecarshapedsomeofthemostlastingaspectsofAmericanculture：theroadsidediner，thebillboard，themo，eventhehamburger.Formostofthelastcentury，thecarrepresentedwhatitmeanttobeAmerican—goingforwardathighspeedtofindnewworlds.Theroadnoveltheroadmovie，thesearethemosttypicalpetrolcheapthelargestpublicworksprojectinhistory.In1928HerbertHooverimaginedanAmericawith“achickenineverypotandacarineverygarage.”Sincethen，thissocietyhasmovedonward，neverlookingback，asthecartransformedAmericafromafarm-basedsocietyintoanindustrialpower.ThecarsthatdrovetheAmericanDreamhavehelpedtocreateaglobalecologicaldisaster.InAmericathedemandforoilhasgrownby22percentsince1990.Theproblemsofexcessive(过度的)energyconsumption，climatechangeandpopulationgrowthhavebeendescribedinabookbytheAmericanwriterThomasL.Friedman.Hefearstheworst，buthopesforthebest.Friedmanpointsoutthatthegreeneconomy经济)isachancetokeepAmericanstrength.“Theabilitytodesign，buildandexportgreenforproducingcleanwater，cleanairandhealthyandabundantfoodisgoingtobethecurrencyofpowerinthenewcentury.”语篇解读语篇解读WhyishamburgermentionedinParagraph2?A.ToexinAmericans’lovefortravellingbycar.B.ToshowtheinfluenceofcarsonAmericanC.TostressthepopularityoffastfoodwithD.TopraisetheeffectivenessofAmerica’sroad答案解析细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“ThecarshapedsomeofthemostlastingaspectsofAmericanculture...eventhehamburger.”可知，汽车塑造了某些最持久的文化，其中就包堡，就是为了表明汽车对于文化有相当大的影响。故选B项。WhathastheuseofcarsinAmericaledto?A.Declineofeconomy.B.EnvironmentalC.AshortageofoilD.Afarm-based答案解析“ThecarsthatdrovetheAmericanDreamhavehelpedtocreateaglobalecologicaldisaster.”可知，驱动梦的汽车导致了全球性的生态，即汽车的使用引起了环境问题。故选B项。WhatisFriedman’sattitudetowardsAmerica’s 答案解析“Friedmanpointsoutthatthegreeneconomy(经济isachancetokeepAmericanstrength.”可知，Friedman认为绿色经济是使保持实力的一个机遇。由此可知，他对的未来充满了希望。故选C项。What’sthewriter’sattitudeWhatistheauthor’sopinionWhatdoestheauthorthink正确掌握字里行间所隐含或流露的意思，切不可用自己的观点来代替作者或文中人物的观点。favorable赞同的，有利的；positive积极的，肯定的，确实的；supportive支持的；approval赞成，正式批准；reasonable合理的；enthusiastic热情的等。critical批评的；negative否定的，消极的；disapproval不赞成；impractical不实际的；radical激进的；prejudiced有成见的，偏颇的等。例如【感悟】中第30题，根据最后一段第一句“Friedmanpointsoutthatthegreeneconomy(经济isachancetokeepAmericanstrength.”可知，Friedman认为绿色经济是使保持实力的一个机遇。由此可知，他对的未来充满了希望。故选C项。AOursocietyisgenerally ingoneof6giantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucraticmanagementinwhichman esasmall，well-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages，Nell-ventilatedfactoriesandpipedmusic，andbypsychologistsand“human-relations”experts；yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhas powerless，thatheisboredwithit.Infact，theblueandthewhite-collarworkershave economicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement.Theworkerandemployeeareanxious，notonlybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofjob，butalsobecausetheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionofinterestinglife.Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthe1fundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandinlectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsome10respects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedortofallbehindisnotamatterofsalarybutevenmoreamatterofself-respect.Whentheyapplyfortheirfirstjob，theyaretestedfor2inligenceaswellasfortherightmixtureofobedienceandindependence.Fromthemomentontheyaretestedagainandasorbetterthanone’sfellowcompetitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress，theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.AmIsuggestingthatweshouldreturntothepreindustrialmodeofproductionortonineteenth-century“enterprise”capitalism？Certainlynot.Problemsareneversolvedbyreturningtoastagewhichonehasalreadyoutgrown.Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemfromabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhich alproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialities—thoseofallloveandofreason—aretheaimsofsocialarrangements.Productionandconsumptionshouldserveonlyasmeanstothisend，andshouldbepreventedfromrulingman.语篇解读语篇解读By“awell-oiledcoginthemachinery”theauthorintendstodelivertheideathatman A.anecessarypartthoughthefunctionofeachisworkingincompleteharmonywiththerestofanunimportantpartincomparisonwiththerestofanirreceablecomponentofsocietywhenworking答案解析推理判断题。文章第一段，人成了社会大机器中微小的、润滑良好的齿轮，高工选C。Therealcauseoftheanxietyoftheworkersandemployeesis theyaremorelikelytolosetheirpresenttheyhavenorealsatisfactionorinterestintheyareconfrontedwiththefundamentaltheyaredeprivedofindividualityand答案解析推理判断题。文章第二段点明了工人和雇员忧虑的原因，分析上下文可知，其真正原因是情感与理智上独立的、富有创造性的人的生存状态被忽视，分析选项可知，A和B只是部分原因，不全面；C项与文章内容相悖。故选D项。Fromthepassagewecanconcludethatrealhappinessoflifebelongsto whoalwaysliveatthebottomofthewhotendtobehigherupintheirsocialwhoprovebetterthantheirfellowwhocoulddipfarawayfromthiscompetitive答案解析推理判断题。由文章第二、三段可知，社会底层者、社会上层者和竞争中的胜利者都言，只有远离这个充满竞争的社会的人才可能获得，故选D。Theauthor’sattitudetowardsindustrialismmightbestbesummarizedasone 答案解析观点态度题。文章最后一段提到，作者建议将社会体系由主义下的产业体系过渡到人道主义的产业体系，由此可知，作者对现有产业体系的态度是不满的。dissatisfaction不满意。故选B。B(2019·高三三模Babieshaveanastonishingtalentthatadultsentirelylose.Bytheageofone，theycanrecognisethe3significantnoisesaroundthemandgroupthemintoalanguage.11Whenwehavethis7capacityasadults，it esenormouslydifficultto4distinguishbetweensoundsthatareglaringlydifferenttoanativespeaker.ItallsoundsGreektous.Thisisbecausetherangeofpossiblesoundsthathumansusetoconveymeaningmaybeashighas2,000，butfewlanguagesusemorethan100andeventhenthesignificantnoises—thephonemes(音素)ofalanguage—eachcoverarangeofsoundsandsovague5distinctionswhichwouldchangethemeaningofawordinotherButwheredothesephonemescomefromandwhydothey8shiftovertime？Newresearchsuggeststhattheapparentlyarbitrarydistributionofsomesoundsaroundtheworldmaybepartiallyexinedbydiet.Thisisunexpected.We’dratherthinkoflanguageastheproductofourthought，ratherthanofthearrangementofourteeth.9Inreality，though，anygivenlanguagemustbeboth.Huntergathererlanguagesseldomusethesoundsknownaslabiodentals(唇齿音)—thosesuchasfandv—thataremadebytouchingthelowerlipwiththeupperteeth.OnlytwoofthehundredsofAustralianaboriginallanguagesusethem，forexample.Butinculturesthathavediscoveredfarming，theseconsonants(辅音aremuchmorecommon.Theargumentgoesthatfarmerseatmorecookedfoodandmoredairythanhuntergatherers.Eitherway，theyneedtochewmuchless，andtobitelesswiththeirfrontteeth.Sofarmersgrewupwithsmallerlowerjawsandmoreofanoverbitethantheirancestorswhohadtobitethroughharderfoods.Itbecameeasierforthemtomakethelabiodentalconsonantsinsteadofpurelylabial(唇音)ones：oneexampleisthatfcametotaketheceofp.Romanssaid“pater”butEnglishspeakers(unlessthey’reRees-Moggs)sayBeyondtheseparticularchangesthestoryhighlightsthewayinwhicheverythingdistinctivelyhumanisbothmaterialandspiritual：speechmustcombinesoundandmeaning，andthemeaningcan’texistorbetransmittedwithoutarealobject.Butneithercanitbereducedtothepurelyphysical，asourinabilitytounderstandoreventorecogniseforeignlanguagesmakesclear.Thefoodweeatshapesourjaws，andourjawsinturnshapethesoundsofourlanguage.Theeasewithwhichweeatprobablyshapesourthoughttoo，asanyonewhohassufferedtoothachecouldtestify.12Whatweeatmayhaveshapedthesoundsofourlanguage，buthowweeatchangeshowwefeelandwhatweuselanguagetoexpress.Afamilymealisverydifferentfromasandwichattheofficedesk，evenifthecalorieisthesame.FoodhaspurposesandmeaningsfarbeyondkeeusaliveandpleasingthePalate(味觉).语篇解读语篇解读研究表明饮食对于语言也会产生一些影响。且以f和v的发音为例，揭示了农民们发“f” paredwithadults，babiescouldmore A.createsignificantB.classifytheformsofnoisesC.understandtheGreeklanguageD.distinguishmeaningfulsounds答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Bytheageofone，theycanrecognizethesignificantnoisesaroundthemandgroupthemintoalanguage.”可知，一岁的婴儿和成人相比更能识别出周围的重要声音，故选D。Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingfactorshelpshapelanguage?A.Lipsandteeth.B.JobsandC.AgeandD.Foodand答案解析细节理解题。根据第二段内容，尤其是其中的diet，productofthought和“Inreality，though，anygivenlanguagemustbeboth.”可知，食物和思想都有助于塑造语言。因此答案选择D。Thereasonforfarmers’makingsoundsof“f”and“v” enjoyingmorecookedbitingmorewithfrontteethC.constantlychewingharderfoodsD.growingupwithlagerlowerjaws答案A解析“Theargumentgoesthatfarmerseatmorecookedfoodmoredairythanhuntergatherers.”可知，农民比狩猎者吃的熟食和奶制品，即农民们发“f”和“v”音的原因是他们喜欢吃的熟食。故选A。Bywritingthispassage，theauthorintendsto jawshelpshapeourfooddeterminesourdiethassomeinfluenceonlanguageconsistsofsoundand答案解析观点态度题。根据第二段中的“Newresearchsuggeststhattheapparentlyarbitrarydistributionofsomesoundsaroundtheworldmaybepartiallyexinedbydiet.”和文章最后的“FoodhaspurposesandmeaningsfarbeyondkeeusaliveandpleasingthePalate(味觉).”可知，作者写这篇文章想要揭示的是：饮食对语言有一定的影响，故选C。Freshairisfundamentaltogoodhealth.Useyourinligence，andyouaresuretoachievesomething.聪明才Theelevator’sroleinAmericanhistoryhasbeennolesssignificantthanthatofcars.Beforebirth，babiescandistinguishtheirmother’svoicefromthatofafemalestranger.Weshouldmakeadistinctionbetweenrightandwrong.区别，区分ItcomesasasurprisetolearnthatgiantfishareterrifyingtheWecan’timaginehowpowerfulachild’scapacityforlearningWeneedtoshiftthefocusoftheOutwardlysheseemedconfidentbutinrealityshefeltextremelyin(actual)fact/ineffect/intruth/actually/asamatterofrespectvt.n.(1)Tomisreallygoodatcomputer.Hehasnosuperiorinthisrespect.n.(2)Shehasalwaysbeenhonestwithme，andIrespectherforthat.vt.(3)Intheworldeveryoneisequalandeveryoneshouldrespectthelaw.vt.遵守(4)Friendshipisbuiltuponrespectforeachother.n.尊重(5)Givemyrespectstoyourparents.n.问候，致意Whenwehavelostthiscapacityasadults，it esenormouslydifficulttodistinguishbetweensoundsthatareglaringlydifferenttoanativespeaker. nativespeakerthat[精美译文]当我们作为成年人失去这种能力时，要区分截然不同于母语者就变得相当。Whatweeatmayhaveshapedthesoundsofourlanguage，buthowweeatchangeshowwefeelandwhatweuselanguagetoexpress.[句式分析]本句话是but连接的两个并列句；一分句中Whatweeat是主语从句；在后howweeat是主语从句；howwefeelandwhatweuselanguagetoexpress是两个并列[精美译文]我们所吃的食物可能已经塑造了我们语言的发音，但是我们吃的方式改变了我强化练(二十Onlythehopethattherescuersweregetting thetrapped D.答案解析考查动词词义辨析。句意为：救援者越来越近，这唯一的希望支撑着深陷井下的矿工子可知，thattherescuersweregettingnearerhope，根据句意，希望支撑着矿工，故选C。ItisevidentthatJameshasmadeasimplemistakeinhisjob，butdontscoldhimtoomuch；heis agreenhand.(2019·海安县高三期末)A.by B.more C.at D.at答案解析bycontrast相比之下；moreof更大程度上的；atrandom任意地；atbest最多，充其量。手。故D项正确。—Whatdoyouthinkofher ，itwouldbemuchmoresensibletotalkaboutit 答案解析考查副词词义辨析。句意为：——你觉得建议怎么样？——事实上，稍后再谈论这件事情会更明智一些。usually通常地，平常地；generally普遍地，广泛地；exactly恰好，精确地；actually事实上，实际上，一般用于说明个人观点或者纠正他人观点。故选C项。—Ihadmycomputerstoleninmyoffice，butluckilythegotitbackto—Howunbelievable！The needhave B.mighthaveC.shouldhave D.musthave答案解析考查虚拟语气。句意为：——我的电脑在被偷了，但幸运的是把它还给了我。——难以置信！小偷本来可能卖掉它的。mighthavedone在句中表示过去本可能发生但实际上并没有发生的事。故选B。 tofindingwaystomakemusicaccessibletoallchildrenisMsThompsonwithatouringofprofessionalmusicians. C.Being D.Havingbeen答案解析bedevotedtong...。恢复成正常语序是MsThompsonisdevotedtofindingwaystomakemusicaccessibletoallchildren...be动词后面的部分提前就变成了devotedto...is...，选B。—Andwhathaveyougotto—Thereisone I’dlikeyouradvice.(2019·江苏江都、等中考 答案解析考查定语从句。句意为：——你有什么要说的？——有个听听你建议的地方。先C项正确。Thereisonlyonewaytoobtainhappinessandthatisto worryingaboutthingswhicharebeyondthepowerofourwill.A.ceaseB.recallC.acknowledge答案解析考查动词词义辨析。句意为：获得的唯一方法就是停止担心我们意志力的事情。cease停止；recall回忆；acknowledge承认；guaranteeA项。The anyonewithinformationtocomeforwardandtalktoA.appealed B.attended D.attached答案解析appealto呼吁；attendto出席，参加；respondto做出反应；attachto附属于。句意为：呼吁任何知道信息的人站出来与他们交谈。由句意知选A。Membershipofthisclubisopentothosewhoare itsaim.A.insaluteto B.inhonourofC.inline D.insympathy答案解析句意为：这个的会员对那些赞同其的人开放。insaluteto向……致意，赞一致。根据句意，故选D。—Whatwouldyouliketodothis .It’suptoyou.(2019·镇四市高三联考 C.Go D.Good答案解析考查情景交际。Whatever无论什么；Definiy明确地；Goahead前进；GoodAHigh-sugardietsraiserisksforheartdisease，obesityanddiabetes，butwedolovethesweets，sohealthexpertshavetriedtosuggestalternatives，andhoneyhasbeenforemostamongthem.Honeyisactuallysweeterthansugaris，whichmeans，intheoryatleast，thatyoucouldenhanceflavorequallywithasmallertyofhoney.Buthoneyactuallyhasahighercaloriecount.Itmayhavemoreminerals，whichlooksbetteronalabelbut，inreality，thesearesuchtraceamountsthattheydon’tofferanyrealadvantages.Honey’sreputationasamedicineisnotwhollyunfounded.Somehoneydoesindeedhaveantibacterialproperties.Onebyproductofenzymesinhoneyishydrogenperoxide，apowerfulgermthatmightwanttoinfectthem.Honeyismoistanditsgooeyconsistencymeansitcaneasilyspreadoverandstayoverwoundswhilekeethetissuefrom ingdryandfragile.Thestickysubstancemeansbacteriacannotaccumulateandmultiplyeasily.Itisparticularlywell-knownforfightingbacterialikestaph，salmonella，E.ColiandcertainbacteriathatcaninfectthegutandcauseHowever，scientistscanonlysaythisforsureaboutMakunaandMalaysianTualanghoney.Wedon’tknowyetwhetherlocalhomegrownhoneyhasthesamepotencyorsafety.Ahotcupofteawithsomehoneystirredincertainlysoundslikeitwouldmakeyoufeelbetter.Butit’sdifficulttosayforsurethatitwill.Whenyouhaveacoldcontactwithwarmwater(fromtea)mayhelptobustupphlegm(痰)thatblocksyourairways.Butsometherealsecrettothequalitiesofacuppaisinthehoney.Therearestudiesthatsuggestthathoneydoesworkaswellorbetterthancoughsuppressant(抑制性的)drugslikeRobitussin.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了蜂蜜并没有人 Mostofthese，however，wereconsideredbytheacademicworldtobewidelymisinterpretedbythemedia.Oneofthefindingsthatseemedtohavegiventhehoneytrendsomeadditionallegscamefromastudythatsaidtherewas“nodifference”，statisticallyspeaking语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了蜂蜜并没有人 WhatcanwelearnfromtheHoneyhasmoremineralsthanHoneycanbeusedtotreatThesweetnessinhoneycanfightAllkindsofhoneycanactas答案解析细节理解题。根据第三段第四句“Plus，honey’stextureandconsistencyaregoodforkeewoundsclean，andbadforbugsthatmightwanttoinfectthem.”可知，蜂蜜可以用来治疗伤口。故选B。Whatistheauthor’sattitudewhenitcomestothefunctionsof 答案解析观点态度题。根据第五段最后一句“Therearestudiesthatsuggestthathoneydoesworkaswellorbetterthancoughsuppressant(抑制性的)drugslikeRobitussin.”和第六段第一句“Mostofthese，however，wereconsideredbytheacademicworldtobewidelymisinterpretedbyWhatmightbetalkedaboutHoneywillbewidelyusedinotherHoneywillnot mendedinmedicaltreatmentanyOtherstudiesshowedhoneyworkedbetterthansomecoughOtherstudiesshowedneitherhoneynorsomecoughmedicinesfunctioned答案解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Oneofthefindingsthatseemedtohavegiventhehoneytrendsomeadditionallegscamefromastudythatsaidtherewas‘nodifference’，statisticallyspeaking，betweenhoneyandoneparticularcoughsuppressant.”可知，文章接下来讲述的应该是“蜂蜜将不再被推荐用于医疗。”故选B。BWhetheryousurviveacardiacarrestmaydepend，atleastinpart，onwhichemergencymedicalservices(EMS)agencyshowsuptotreatyou，anewstudysuggests.ResearchersfoundawidevariationincardiacarrestsurvivalratesdependingonwhichEMSagencyprovidedinitialtreatment，accordingtothestudypublishedinJAMACardiology.Theoddsofsurvivingtohospitaldischarge(出院)couldvarybymorethan50percentfortwosimilarpatientstreatedbytworandomlyselectedEMSagencies.“Wefoundlarge evariationsbetweenEMSagenciesthatcomeafteracardiacarrestevenafteradjustingformanyfactors，”saidleadauthorMasashiOkubo，aninstructorofemergencymedicineattheUniversityofPittsburgh.ThestudydidnotrevealwhysomeEMSagenciesdidbetterthanothers，however.“Weneedtodetermineinfutureresearchwhataretheunderlyingfactors，”Okubosaid.Cardiacarrest“istheabruptlossofheartfunction，andifappropriatestepsarenottakenimmediay，itmostoftenisfatal，”exinedGreggFonarow，aprofessorofcardiovascularmedicineandscienceattheDavidGeffenSchoolofMedicineattheUniversityofCaliforniaatLosAngeles.Healsoisco-directoroftheUCLAPreventiveCardiologyProgram.“EachyearintheUnitedStates，morethan350,000cardiacarrestsoccuroutsidethehospitalsetting.”Altogether，theresearchersstudied43,656patientstreatedfrom2011to2015by112EMSagencies.Whentheylookedathowmanypatientssurvivedlongenoughtobedischargedfromthehospital，variationsamongagencieswerequitelarge：theworstperformingagencyhad0survivorsoutof36patientstreated，or0percent，ascomparedwith66survivorsoutof228patientstreated，ornearly30percent，forthebest-performingagency.Thepatternwassimilarwhenitcametorecoveryoffunctionbythetimeapatientwasdischargedfromthehospital.Theworstperformingagencyinthiscategoryhadfavorablefunctionalrecoveryin0outof87patients，whilethebesthadfavorablefunctionalrecoveryin11outof54patients，or20percent.“ThesefindingssuggesttheremaybeimportantdifferencesinthequalityofresuscitationeffortsamongdifferentEMSagencies，”Fonarowsaidinan.Also，hesaid，“Morelay interventions(非正式人员干预)suchastimelyCPR(cardiopulmonaryresuscitation心肺复苏术)andmoreEMS nelrespondingtocardiacarrestpatientswererelatedtobetter “Thesefindingssuggestthatdisseminationofbestpracticesanduseofformalqualityimprovementprogramsbycommunity-basedEMSagenciesmayhelptoimprovequalityesincardiacarrest，”hesaid.Cananythingbedoneinthe Yes，saidFonarow，whowasnotinvolvedinthenewresearch.“Whenperformedpromptlyandproperly，CPRcanmarkedlyimprovethechanceofsurvivalforsomeonehavinganout-of-hospitalcardiacarrest，”hesaid.“ThebestadvicethatmightsavelivesoflovedonesifacardiacarrestoccursistolearnCPR.AnyonecanandeveryoneshouldlearnCPR.”语篇解读语篇解读JAMACardiologyEMSWhatdoesthenewstudylA.EMSagencieshave eB.PeoplewithcardiacarrestdependonEMSC.InitialtreatmenthasbeenprovidedforcardiacarrestD.CardiacarrestsurvivalispartlydeterminedbycertainEMS答案解析细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，这项新研究告诉我们，心脏骤停后的存活取决于某些EMS机构。故选D。Theunderlinedword“odds”inParagraph2probablymeans“ 答案解析词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，对于随机选择的两家EMS机构治疗的两名相选A。AccordingtoOkubo，whataretheynningtodoinfutureTodeterminewhichEMSagenciesareTorevealtheunderlyingfactorsofcardiacTofindoutthehiddenreasonsforbetterEMSToidentifytherelationshipbetweendifferentEMS答案解析推理判断题。根据第三段“ThestudydidnotrevealwhysomeEMSagenciesdidbetterOkubosaid.”OkuboEMS比其他机构做得好的隐藏原因。故选C。Whatdoes“thepattern”inParagraph6referTheworstperformingThebestperformingThelargevariationsamongThecomparisonbetweensurvivorsand答案解析词义指代题。根据第五段的内容可知，研究人员观察有多少存活足够长的时间才画线词所在句可推知画线词指的是“各机构之间差异很大”，故选C。Accordingtothefindings，whatleadsto esincardiacMore BetterqualityinEMSBetterpracticesinMoreEMS答案解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“‘Thesefindingssuggestthatdisseminationofbestpracticesanduseofformalqualityimprovementprogramsbycommunity-basedEMSmayhelptoimprovequalityand esincardiacarrest，hesaid.”可知，根据这些发现，我们可推知“EMS机构质量更好”导致了更好的结果。故选B。WhatisFonarow’sattitudetowardsCPR? 答案B解析观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“ThebestadvicethatmightsavelivesoflovedonesifacardiacarrestoccursistolearnCPR.AnyonecanandeveryoneshouldlearnCPR.”可知，Fonarow对CPR的态度是“赞成的”。故选B。Factoryfarmingisatypeoffarmingthatinvolvesraisingahugenumberoflivestock(牲畜)incomparativelytinierenclosedspaces，withaviewtosupplyingthemtothelivestockmarket.Ittookrootinthelaterpartofthe19thcentury.OnthearrivaloftheIndustrialRevolution，theinventionsofantibioticsandpesticideswereincreasinginnumber，whichmadeitpossibletopracticefactoryfarming.Andgradually，withbetterfarmingmethods，livestockwereabletoberaisedindoorsleadingtomassproductioninashorterwhile.Nowadays，accordingtoreliablesources，morethan50%ofthelivestockareproducedusingthisconcept.Factoryfarmingisoneofthemostimportantfoodproductionmethodsaroundtheworldtodaybecauseithasalotofadvantages.Forexample，therearehugenumbersofmouthstofeed，andmassproductionleadstothepurchaseofpoultryandtherelateditems.Sincetheitemsaren’tpricedtoohighforconsumerstoafford，peopleappreciatebuyingtheminalargenumber.Andasmoreandmorelivestockareartificiallyraised，moreandmorechicken，beefandeggsareoutforsale.Thepurchaserateishigheranddespitebeingreasonablypriced，theproducefetchesaprofitforthefarms.Inaddition，sincethebusinessisenormousandneedsasmanyhandsaspossibletoincreasethefoodproduce，anequalnumberofstaffarerequiredforwork，whichresultsinagrowthintherelatedjobs.However，therearealsodisadvantagesoffactoryfarming.Forinstance，theanimalsartificiallybred，andsincetheprocedureisnotnatural，theendproductscouldbeofpoorquality.Antibioticsareinjectedintocowsandhens，makingthemmoreunlikelytosufferfromdirtanddisease.Asaresult，theeggsandmeatwillnotbeasgoodasusual.Theproductsthusobtainedareofsuchlowquality，whichultimayaffectsourhealthaswell.Actually，sincetheentireproductionisartificial，themeatisoverloadedwithhormones(激素)anddrugs，andthebacteriadeveloptotheantibiotics，whichiswhymanydiseasesremainuntreated.Worsestill，theanimalswastecanpollutethewaterandair，causingextensivedamagetotheenvironment.ItalsoleadtoharmfulemissionsandcontributetothealreadyincreasingglobalBecauseoftheaboveadvantagesanddisadvantagesoffactoryfarming，theconcepthasbeenasubjectofmassivedebateallovertheworld，whereverthispracticehasbeenemployed.Supportersofthisconceptarguethatitdoesprovideenoughfoodfortheincreasingpopulationandismoreaffordable.However，unfavorableopinionssuggestthattherearebetterwaysofproducingfood，ratherthansubjectinganimalstothissuffering.Thedebatehasbeengoingonforquiteawhile，withnoonebeingabletogaintheupperhand.Title：FactoryFactoryfarmingreferstoraisingsomanyfarmanimalsina tomeettherequirementsofpeople’sdaily·Withmoreantibioticsandpesticides21. ，factoryfarmingcameintobeinginthelate1