高考英语语法练习及答案

高考英语语法专题练习及答案

高考英语语法专题练习：

I.单句语法填空（情态动词、虚拟语气）

1.（2022合肥高三质量检测）Theplayersfrom

GuangzhouEvergrandeFootballClubhavebeendoing

verywellrecently,sotheywinthefinal

match.

答案：should解析：考查情态动词。句意：广州恒大足

球俱乐部的运动员最近表现一直很好，所以按道理说他们应该

能赢得决赛。根据句意可知，此处用情态动词should表示一

种预期，常译为按道理说应该。

2.（2022山东潍坊高三联考）0neofourrulesisthat

nostudentscarrymobilephoneswhiletaking

anexam.

答案：shall解析：考查情态动词。句意：我们的一项

规定是，学生参加考试时禁止带手机。shall用于第二、三人

称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、威胁、许诺等。

3.（2022福建四地六校高三联考）CouldIsurfthe

Interfortwentymoreminutes,Mum

第1页共17页

Oh,dear,ifyou.

答案：must解析：考查情态动词。句意：妈妈，我能再

上20分钟的网吗噢，亲爱的，如果你一定要的话，那好吧。

ifyoumust（表示虽不赞同但允许）如果你一定要，符合语

境。

4.（2022湖南五市十校高三联合检测）Youneedtotake

abreakfromallthishardwork.Remember：nothing

makeupforthelossofyourhealth.

答案：can解析：考查情态动词。句意：在辛苦工作之

后你需要好好休息一下。请记住没有什么能弥补你失去的健

康。

5.（2022沈阳高中质量监测）Wecantimaginethattwo

childrenbekilledbythewashingmachineof

theirhouse!

答案：should解析：考查情态动词。句意：我们无法想

象两个孩子竟会被她们家里的洗衣机杀死。should可表示说

话人的特殊情感，如惊奇、愤怒、失望等。

6.Dayslater,Itriedtogetmysistertotellme

whatwasgoingon,butshesayanything.

答案：wouldnt解析：考查情态动词。句意：几天后，

我设法让姐姐告诉我发生了什么，但她什么都不肯说。

第2页共17页

7.Look!Therearesomanymistakesinyour

position.Youhavefixedfullattentiononit.

答案：should解析：考查情态动词。句意：看!你的作

文里有那么多的错误。你本应该把所有的注意力都集中在它上

面的。表示本应该做但实际上没有做应该用shouldhave

done结构。

8.(2022杭州高考科目教学质量检测)Thevoluntary

servicesavedyouasumofmoneythatyouotherwise

(spend)ontheagencyresponsibleforfinding

yourpets.

答案：wouldhavespent解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：

本来你要花一大笔钱给负责帮你找宠物的那家机构的，(但)这

个志愿者服务机构帮你省下了这笔钱。根据主句的时态和句中

的。therwise判断，这里表示与过去事实相反的假设，定语从

句中用wouldhavedone表示本来要做某事。

9.Youneverworktoohardinlearninga

language.Thatswhatittakestolearnalanguagewell.

答案：can解析：考查情态动词。句意：学习一门语言

时你再努力也不为过，那是学好一门语言所必需的东西。

cant(cannever)...too...再也不为过，符合语境及句子

结构，故选B。

第3页共17页

10.（2022成都高中毕业班诊断性检测）Youtalkso

muchaboutLondon.Youhavebeenthere.

Yeah,Iwentsightseeingonatourlastsummer.

答案：must解析：考查情态动词。根据youtalkso

muchaboutLondon.可知，空处应表示对过去事实的肯定推

测，因此用musthavedoneocan表示推测时常用于否定句或

疑问句。

11.（2022山东潍坊高三联考）Howaboutyourtripto

Hawaii

Wonderful!Ihaveenjoyedmyselfmore.

答案：couldnt解析：考查情态动词。根据Wonderful

可知，此处意为我不可能过得比那更愉快了，暗指当时过得最

愉快。cant/couldnt...+比较级可表达最高级含义。

12.（2022福建福州高三质量检测）Whatifyou

（forget）tosendallessaywithyour

application

Iwouldhavebeenrejected.

答案：hadforgotten解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如

果你在寄申请的时候忘记发送一篇论文会怎么样我会被拒绝

的。根据答语可知，问句表示对过去事实相反的假设，故应用

过去完成时。

第4页共17页

13.Theconstantriseofmeatpricerequiresthat

effectivemeasures(take)bythegovernment.

答案：betaken解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：肉价的持

续上涨要求政府采取有效措施。require后的宾语从句要用虚

拟语气，betaken前省略了shouldo

14.(2022北京海淀区高三期末)Butforthemistakes

hemade,LiMing(pass)theentranceexamlast

year.

答案：wouldhavepassed解析：考查虚拟语气。句

意：李明要不是在去年的入学考试中犯了那些错误，他原本可

以通过考试的。由Butfor和made可知，这里表示与过去事

实相反的假设，谓语应用wouldhave+过去分词。

15.(2022北京东城区高三检测)Doyoulikethe

school

Yeah.Ionlywishtheclasses(be)a

littlesmaller.

答案：were解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：你喜欢这个学

校吗是的。我只希望我们的班级小一些。在wish后的宾语从

句中，谓语动词要用虚拟语气，此处表示对现在情况的一种假

设，谓语动词要用过去式。

II.阅读理解(人物故事类+社会文化类)

第5页共17页

A

(2022届高三大联考一)

(CNN)-Shetraveledtheworldwithherhusbandfor

22monthswithoutmajortrouble,butamonthafter

returningtotheUnitedStates,LeanneHechtBearden

ismissingaftershewentforawalk.

AsearchisunderwayinTexas,northeastofSan

Antonio,fortheDenverwomanwhotookawalkalmosta

weekagoandhasnotreturnedtoherresidencewhere

sheandherhusband,Josh,werestaying.

Bearden,33,wentmissingFridayintheearly

afternoon,andpoliceareencouragingthepublicto

provideanyinformation.Whilefamilyandfriendssay

policeareengagedinthiscaseandarebeingdiligent

intheirefforts,theyhavedecidedtotakethe

searchintotheirownhandsandhavehiredprivate

helicopterstohelplookforBearden.Herbrother,

MichaelHecht,toldCNNtwohelicopterssearchedfor

nearlythreehoursThursdayfollowinggroundsearches

theprevioustwodays.

第6页共17页

BeardenandherhusbandJoshhadjustreturnedto

theUnitedStatesinDecemberafterspendingnearly

twoyearstravelingaroundtheworld.Theydocumented

theirjourneyinablog.Sheandherhusbandoffour

yearsweresupposedtoflytotheirhomeinDenveron

Tuesdaytoresumejobsearches.

MichaelHechtsaiduponreturningtotheUnited

StatesthecouplehadspentashorttimeinGeorgia,

thenwenttoTexasforafewweekstovisitJoshs

family.Hesaidtheywereworkingtofindjobsin

Denver,wherethecouplewasmarriedandhadsettled.

Herpoorhusbandisjustdevastated,saidMichael

Hecht.

JoshBeardentoldCNN,Sheleftonherownfree

will.Thatiswhatshedid.Thatisabsolutelytrue,

butwhathappenedaftersheleftthehouseonherown

freewillIdontknow.

GardenRidgepolicehavesentoutaMissingPerson

Alert.Gardenpolicesaidaformalsearchinthe

munitywilloccuronSaturday.

1.AfterLeanneBeardenwaslost.

第7页共17页

A.thepolicegotsomeinformationfromthepublic

B.thehusbandturnedtothepoliceforhelp

timely

C.thepolicesenthelicopterstosearchforher

D.thehusbandaskedhisbrothertohuntforher

2.Accordingtothethirdandfourthparagraphswe

canknowthat

A.thecoupleprefersnothingtotravelling

B.thecoupledecidedtosettleinTexas

C.thecouplehavegotjobsinDenver

D.thecouplehavebeenmarriedfor4years

3.Whichcantaketheplaceoftheunderlined

devastated

A.Astonished.B.Disappointed.

C.Crushed.D.Abandoned.

4.WhatdoesJoshthinkofhiswifesmissing

A.Hiswifewaslostonlybyaccident.

B.Hiswifelefthomevoluntarily.

C.HiswifewastiredofthelifeinTexas.

D.HiswifehasgonetoDenverforjobs.

答案:

第8页共17页

1.B解析：细节推断题。依据文章第一、二段可知，

LeanneBearden走失后不久，她的家人就开始寻找，第三段

的警方加入表明他的丈夫给警方报告了妻子失踪的事件。故选

B项。

2.D解析：细节理解题。依据文章第三段的Sheand

herhusbandoffouryearsweresupposedto…可知，这

对夫妇结婚四年了。故选D项。

3.C解析：词义猜测题。文中的MichaelHecht在描述

妹夫当时的情况，因为妻子走失，丈夫心中一定是非常着急，

几天寻找无果的状态一定令他感到心情崩溃。故选C项。

4.B解析：细节理解题。依据文章倒数第二段的She

leftonherownfreewill.Thatiswhatshedid.可知，

妻子是自愿离开这里的。故选B项。

B

WASHINGTON-Whatwillthecitiesofthefuturelook

likeThatwasthechallengeaddressedby40,000middle

schoolstudentsfrom1,350schoolsacrosstheU.S.in

anannualpetitiontodesigntheurbanlandscapeof

tomorrow.Thirtyseventeamsmadethefinalsand

traveledtoWashington,D.C.,todefendtheirideas

beforethejudgesattheFutureCitypetition.

第9页共17页

Theannualcontestaimstodirectyoungpeople

towardcareersinscienceandtechnology.Thestudents

builttabletopscalemodelsoftheirdesignsusing

recycledmaterials,costingnomorethan$100.The

teamsalsohadtowriteessaysabouttheirsolutions,

explaintheirideastothecrowdandanswerthe

questionsaskedbyasixmemberexpertgroup.

Urbantransportation

Thisyearsthemewasurbantransportation-an

increasinglyimportantissuefortheworldscities.

EighthgradersfromthesouthernstateofGeorgia-

DavidStraub,KatherineBarriandRebeccaNorth-

imaginedtheircityfarintothefuture.Straubsaid

theypredictedthatpublictransportwouldbe

effortlessandecofriendly.

Youngteenspete

LeilaMezza,OhaHassanandMousaSeidfrom

Houston,Texas,imaginedacityinBrazilin2084,

withtransportrelyingonelectriccars.

TheFutureCitypetition,nowinits22ndyear,is

mainlyfocusedonyoungteens.Becauseatthatagein

第10页共17页

theUnitedStates,theyhavetoelectthemathcourses,

theadvancedmathcourses.Iftheyarentatthatage,

theywillneverbeanengineer.

Thegrandprizeof$7,500wenttoSt.John

LutheranSchoolinMichigan.Theteammemberswona

triptoU.S.SpaceC.

Eveniftheydidntwin,theexperienceofworking

onanengineeringprojecthasencouragedmanyofthe

kidstothinkaboutacareerinscienceandtechnology.

OneofthemisEricSwylerfromNewMexico,whosaid,

Iplantobeeascientistofsomekind,butImnot

sureexactlywhatkind.

5.Howmanyteamstookpartinthefinalpetition

A.1,350.B.40,000.

C.37.D.6.

6.Whatsthepurposeofholdingtheannualcontest

A.Toleadteenstocareersinscienceand

technology.

B.Tochoosetheexcellentteenagerstoworkin

science.

第11页共17页

C.Tofindthebetterdesignsofbuildingfuture

cities.

D.Tofindoutwhatthecitiesofthefuturelook

like.

7.WhichteamwonthegrandprizeoftheFuture

Citypetition

A.AschoolteamfromNewMexico.

B.AteamfromHouston,Texas.

C.AteamfromthesouthernstateofGeorgia.

D.St.JohnLutheranSchoolinMichigan.

8.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage

A.Themathcoursesareveryimportanttobean

engineer.

B.Thewinnersofthegrandprizewonatripto

BritishSpaceC.

C.ThestudentsattheFutureCitypetitionwere

allfromNewYork.

D.Publictransportisbeingeffortlessand

ecofriendlynow.

答案：

第12页共17页

本文是一篇说明文。介绍了学校的学生们所设计的未来的

城市。

5.C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段Thirtyseventeams,

madethefinalsandtraveledtoWashington,D.C.,to

defendtheirideasbeforethejudgesattheFuture

Citypetition.可知,答案为C项。

6.A解析：目的意图题。根据第二段的首句Theannual

contestaimstodirectyoungpeopletowardcareersin

scienceandtechnology.可知,举办每年比赛的目的就是指

导青少年通向科学和技术上的事业。故选A项。

7.D解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的Thegrand

prizeof$7,500wenttoSt.JohnLutheranSchoolin

Michigan.可知，该题选D项。

8.A解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的Because

atthatageintheUnitedStates,theyhavetoelect

themathcourses...theywillneverbeanengineer.可

知，数学对于想成为一个工程师来说是非常重要的。故A项正

确。

III.七选五

Fish

第13页共17页

Fisheinallkindsofshapes,sizesandcolors.

Theyfirstappearedintheoceansoftheearthabout

500millionyearsago.Todaytherearetensof

thousandsofdifferentkindsoffishandnewspecies

arediscoveredeveryyear.

Wherefishlive

_1_Theypreferablyliveinareaswherewarmand

coldcurrents（水流）meet.Andabout40%offish

speciesareinfreshwater.Someofthemliveinthe

clearwaterofriverswhileothersprefermuddypond

water.Afewtypesoffishcanswiminbothsaltand

freshwater.

Senses

Fishhaveorgansthattellthemwhatishappening

inthewateraroundthem.Theycanseeleftandright

atthesametime.Theynotonlycanhearsoundsinthe

waterbutcanalsosensesoundsthathappenonthe

surface.__2—

Bodiesoffish

Fishhavenoneck.Theheadandthebodyarebined.

Mostfishareshapedlikecigarssothattheycan

第14页共17页

travelveryquickly.Fisharecold-blooded.—3—The

skinofmostfishismadeoutofaspecialslippery

substance（物质）.Fishbreatheoxygenfromthewater

theylivein.

__4__

Fishwereamongthefirstanimalshuntedby

primitive（原始的）humanbeings.Millionsofpeopleall

overtheworlddependonfishasamainformof

nutrition.Inmanycoastalcountries,suchasJapanor

Norway,peopledependonfishingtomakealiving.

—5—Theyeatotherseaanimalsandareeatenby

otherseacreatures,thuskeepingupthebalanceof

nature.

A.Dangerstofish

B.Theimportanceoffish

C.Fishareapartofthefoodchain.

D.Mostoftheworldsfishliveinsaltwater.

E.Theirbodytemperaturechangeswiththeir

surroundings.

F.Fisharealsoendangeredbypollutionofthe

worldsoceans.

第15页共17页

G.Fishcanalsofeelwatermovements,thus

feelingthedangersthat