高考英语必刷卷(新课标卷)09(原卷版)

2020年高考必刷卷（新课标卷）09

英语

（考试时间：90分钟试卷满分：120分）

注意事项：

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3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Bytheendoftheyear,editorsofNewYorkTimeshavepickedthe4bestbooksof2019,includingfictionand

non-fiction.Lefsseewhichonewilltakeyourfancy.

DisappearingEarth

ByJuliaPhillips

Inthefirstchapterofthisnovel,twoyounggirlsvanish,sendingshockwavesthroughatownontheedgeof

theremoteandmysteriousKamchatkaPeninsula.Whatfollowsisanovelofoverlappingshortstoriesaboutthe

differentwomenwhohavebeenaffectedbytheirdisappearance.Eachtalepushesthenarrativeforwardanother

monthandexposesthewaysinwhichthewomenofKamchatkahavebeendestroyed—personally,culturallyand

emotionally-bythecrime.

NoVisibleBruises

ByRachelLouiseSnyder

Snyder'sthoroughlyreportedbookcoverswhattheWorldHealthOrganizationhascalled“aglobalhealth

problem”.InAmericaalone,morethanhalfofallmurderedwomenarekilledbyacurrentorformerlifepartner;

domesticviolencecutsacrosslinesofclass,religionandrace.Snyderrevealspervasivemyths（restrainingorders

aretheanswer,abusersneverchange）andwritesmovinglyaboutthelives（anddeaths）ofpeopleonbothsidesof

theequation.Shedoesn'tgiveeasyanswersbutpresentsawealthofinformationthatisitsown6rmofhope.

MidnightinChernobyl

ByAdamHigginbotham

Higginbotham'ssuperbaccountoftheApril1986explosionattheChernobylnuclearpowerplantisoneof

thoserarebooksaboutscienceandtechnologythatreadlikeatension-filledthriller.Filledwithvividdetailand

1

sharplyetchedpersonalities,thisnarrativeofastonishingincompetencemovesfrommistaketomistake,

miscalculationtomiscalculation,asitbuildstotheinevitable,history-changingdisaster.

Exhalation

ByTedChiang

Manyoftheninedeeplybeautifulstoriesinthiscollectionexplorethematerialconsequencesoftimetravel.

Readingthemfeelslikesittingatdinnerwithafriendwhoexplainsscientifictheorytoyouwithnoairsandgraces.

Eachthoughtful,elegantlycraftedstoryposesaphilosophicalquestion;Chiangarrangesallnineintoaconversation

thatcomesfullcircle,afterhavingtravelledthroughremarkableareas.

1.Whichofthefollowingtellsabouttheviolencefromahusbandtoawifeinafamily?

A.DisappearingEarthB.NoVisibleBruises

C.MidnightinChernobylD.Exhalation

2.HowmayreadersfeelwhenreadingthebookMidnightinChernobyl?

A.Delighted.B.Awkward.

C.Tense.D.Calm.

3.WhatkindofbookisExhalation?

A.Afolktale.B.Abiography.

C.Alovestory.D.Asci-fistory.

B

WhenTonytookuprunningasahobbyhewas42yearsold.Now42yearslaterhe'sanationalchampionand

aworldrecordholder.

Heneverimaginedattheageof84thisiswherehe'dbe,butthenhedoesn'tmeetmanypeopleintheir80s

whoareouttrainingfourtimesaweek.

"Icanseeit'sabitunusual,yes.Butit'sbeenmylife,"hetoldthereporter.

TheretiredofficerrunsatatracknearhishomeinLeeds.

AtaneventinItalylastmonthhesetaworldrecordinthe80metreshurdles（跨栏）withatimeofunder17

seconds.Butheseesnoreasontoslowdownandhisambitionisstilltobecompetingwhenhepassesahundred.

"Iprobablywon'tbedoingacrouchstart（蹲式起跑）,butit'sonly16yearsaway,"hejoked.Likeanyonehis

age,he'shadhealthproblems.He'shadastringofsevereheartattacks,butdoctorshavetoldhimaslongasit

makeshimfeelgood,heshouldcarryonrunning.

"Ican'tletmyheartgetinthewayofmytraining.WhenIamsprintingIhavetogiveitmyabsoluteall.My

heartisthelastthingonmymind."hesaid.

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Hetrainseveryotherday,dancesandplayshockeyandherecentlycutsdownonalcoholandchocolate.He

said,"TveheardalcoholcanleadtodementiaandIdon'twantthat.I*vecutdowntooneglassofwineeveryother

day.InowhavetostayasfitasIcanbetokeepupmylifestyle."

Tony'snextbirthdayisnextSeptember.Andthefirstthinghewantstodoisbecometheworld'sfastest

85-year-old.

4.WhatwillTonydoafterthecompetitioninItaly?

A.Hedecidestoslowdown.

B.Hedecidestoretireasanofficer.

C.Heplansonrunninguntilhe*s100.

D.Heplanstocompeteinthe100metreshurdles.

5.WhatdothedoctorssuggesttoTony?

A.Continuingtorunifhefeelsgood.

B.Stoppingrunningtotreathisheartdisease.

C.Tryingtorunasfastashecan.

D.Cuttingdownonalcoholandchocolate.

6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesTony?

A.Imaginative.B.Positive.

C.Caring.D.Demanding.

7.What'sthebesttitleofthetext?

A.TheFastestManintheWorld.

B.TheWorld'sFastest85-year-old.

C.ANationalChampionandaWorldRecordHolder.

D.GranddadCrownedFastest84-year-oldintheWorld.

C

Maplesyrup（枫糖浆）isasweetenerfrommapletreesap（树汁）.Manypeopleuseitinbakinginplaceof

sugarorothersweeteners,someuseitinteainsteadofhoneyanditisfrequentlyusedasatoppingforpancakes,

waffles,andotherbreakfastfoods.Sincetruemaplesyrupisratherexpensive,awiderangeoffalsemaplesyrup

exist.

ThissweeteneroriginatedinthenortheastregionofNorthAmerica,anditisinthisregionthatmostofthe

world,smaplesyrupisstillproduced.Vermont,NewHampshireMainasteHn|ioittlixm©fCanadaareall

knownfortheirfinesyrup,eachwithslightlydifferentflavorqualities.

3

Thissweetenerisproducedbytappingmapletreestoreleaseandcollecttheirsap.Atree'ssapistheliquidthat,

muchlikebloodinanimals,carrieswaterandfoodtodifferentpartsofthetreetokeepitnourished.Amature

mapleproducesabouttengallonsofsapinagivenseason,afterwhichthetreewillwalloffthechannelthathas

beentapped,sothatanewtaphastobedrilledthenextseason.Maplesarenottappedforsyrupuntiltheyareat

least40yearsoldandhavereachedacertainsize,toensurethatnoharmcomestothetreethroughthetapping

process.

Animmenseamountofsapisrequiredtoproducemaplesyrupbecausethewaterysapmustbereducedto

achievetheproperthicknessandtaste.Althoughtheexactamountdependsonthesweetnessofthesap,ingeneralit

takesabout40timesasmuchmaplesaptoproduceaportionofsyrup.Thismaybefurtherreducedtocreatethicker

delicacies,suchasmaplebutter,maplecream,andmaplesugar.

IntheUs,therearegradeAandGradeBsyrups,withthreesub-divisionsofGradeA:lightamber,medium

amber,anddarkamber.GradeBisevendarkerthanGradeAdarkamber.Manypeopleassumethatthegrading

systemisalsoindicativeofquality,butinreality,itonlyhelpstodifferentiatethecolorandtasteofthesyrup,

whichisamatterofpersonalpreference.Thetastesaredifferent,buttosayoneisobjectively“better”thananother

wouldbeincorrect.

8.Whatdoweknowaboutthemaplesyrupfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Itcanbeasubstituteofsugarandhoney.

B.Itvariesgreatlyinflavorqualities.

C.ItisproducedinthenortheastoftheUS.

D.Itistooexpensivetogainpopularity.

9.Theunderlinedword"nourishcd^^inparagraph3canbereplacedby”

A.warm.B.healthy.

C.complete.D.mature.

10.Whyisalargeamountofsapneeded?

A.Becauseitiswidelyusedinmostdelicacies.

B.Becauseithelpstoprotectoldtreesfromharm.

C.Becauseitneedstobeconcentratedtomakemaplesyrup.

D.Becausethemoresapisused,thebettermaplesyruptastes.

11.What'sthemainpurposeofwritingthetext?

A.Toteachpeoplehowtomakemaplesyrup.

B.Toattractmorepeopletobuymaplesyrup.

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C.Tointroducebasicknowledgeofmaplesyrup.

D.Tohelppeoplechoosemaplesyrupofgoodquality.

D

Mostsquirrelsdon'thibernate（冬眠）.Instead,theystorefoodforthecoldseasonandspendthewinterintheir

nests.Butthe13-linedgroundsquirrel,onespeciesofsquirrelintheU.S.Midwest,isnotthecase.Forupto8

months,thetinymammalswon'teatordrinkanythingatallandtheheartrate,inetabolism（新陈代谢）,andbody

temperaturedramaticallydropduringtheirlongrest,whichissimilartobearsandotherhibernatinganimals.

Tofindouthowthehibernatingsquirrelsholdbacktheirthirst,apowerfulforcethatcouldpotentiallywake

themup,andresearchersmeasuredthebloodfluidofdozensofsquirrels.Generally,ahighbloodconcentration（ifl

液浓度）makesanimals,includinghumans,feelthirty.Thesleepingsquirrels'bloodconcentrationwaslow,

preventingthemfromwakingupforadrink.Evenwhenresearcherswokeupthetorpidsquirrels,theywouldn't

drinkadropuntiltheteamartificiallyincreasedtheconcentrationoftheirbloodserum.

Next,theresearcherswantedtoknowhowthesquirrels5bloodconcentrationdroppedsolow.Perhapsthe

squirrelsdrankalotofwaterbeforehibernationtodilute（稀释）theirblood,theresearchersthought.Butwhenthey

filmedsquirrelspreparingfortheirwintersnooze,theyfoundtheanimalsactuallydranklesswaterthanthey

normallydid.

Instead,chemicaltestsrevealedthesquirrelsregulatetheirbloodconcentrationbygettingridof

electrolytes（电解质）likesodiumandotherchemicalslikeglucoseandureaandstoringthemelsewhereinthebody

（possiblyinthebladder）,theresearchersreportedlastmonthinCurrentBiology.Thefindingcouldalsoexplain

howotherhibernatinganimalsstaycontainingwater.

Thisnewknowledgemightonedayhelphumanswithconditionssuchasdiabetes（糖尿病），orastronautswho

havelaunchedonlongspaceflights.Unfortunately,evenifpeoplecanfigureouthowtodroptheirblood

concentration,it'sunlikelythey'lleverbeascuteassleepingsquirrels.

12.Whatdoweknowaboutthe13-linedgroundsquirrels?

A.Theydon'thibernatelikemanyothersquirrels.

B.TheyareendangeredspeciesintheU.S.Midwest.

C.Theycanliveformonthswithoutwaterduringhibernation.

D.Theirheartruleandbodytemperatureareextremelyabnormal.

13.Thehibernatingsquirrelsdon'feelthirstybecauseoftheir.

A.highbloodconcentrationB.lowbloodconcentration

C.lowbodytemperatureD.highheartrate

5

14.Hibernatingsquirrelsadjusttheirbloodconcentrationsby.

A.Drinkingmuchwaterbeforehibernation

B.Noteatinganythingduringhibernation

C.Drinkinglesswaterthantheynormallydo

D.Removingcertainchemicalsandstoringthemsomewhere

15.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthenewfindings?

A.ObjectiveB.Positive

C.DisappointingD.Uncaring

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Surveillance（监视）isafactoflife.Yourbossismonitoringyourperformanceatwork.Supermarketsare

collectingdataonyourgroceryshopping.16.

Inafewmonths,EuropeanUnionlaw-makersareduetoapproveproposalsthatwillmakedriverassistance

systemsmandatory（强制的）incarswithinthreeyears.Allnewmodelsofcarwillcomewithblackboxes（event

datarecorders）,intelligentspeedassistance,lane-keepingassistanceandmorebesides.

Alargenumberoftechnologieswillsoonbemonitoringadriver'severymove.Arewepreparedfordevices

thatwatchhowwedriveandtrytohelpusdoitbetter?

17.InareportpublishedinApril2018,itfoundthatthesuiteofchangescouldsaveatleast7,300livesby

2030,andreducethenumberofseriousinjuriesfromcarcrashesby38,900.“Wecanhavethesamekindofimpact

aswhensafetybeltswerefirstintroduced,saysOliverCarsten,whostudiestransportsafetyattheUniversityof

Leeds,UK.

18.Theblackboxisthemostcontroversial（有争议的）techbecauseoffearsthatthetechencourages

surveillance.Itwouldbeeasytoworryaboutbeingwatchedinyourcar.ButtheEUrulessaythesystemisonly

checkedintheeventofanaccidenttohelpwithinsuranceclaimsandpoliceinvestigation.Thepointistoprovide

forafairallocation（分酉己）ofresponsibilitywhenacrashoccurs.Somepeoplechoosetohaveablackboxbecause

itcanreducetheirindividualinsurancepremium（保险费）.19.What'smore,thedatacollectedinhuman-driven

carswillhelptrainautomateddrivingsystemstothepointthattheycouldbereadyforlarge-scaledeploymentin

thefuture.

20.Driversshouldthinkofitasanextralayerofprotection,ratherthanthevehicletryingtotakeover

drivingfromyou.

A.Nowthereisanewfield:theautomobile.

6

B.Thereisconcernaboutthesetechnologies,however.

C.Thetechisreducingcostsbecauseit'sreducingthenumberofcrashes.

D.Safetyisn'tmuchdiscussed,principallybecausecarsarealreadyverysafe.

E.WhiletheEUistakingtheboldeststeps,thesetechnologiesaren'tfarbehindinotherpartsoftheworld.

F.Asaresult,whatmayatfirstglanceseemlikeasurveillancetechnologyisactuallyabenefitforsociety.

G.TheEuropeanCommissionsaysthatintroducingtheseadvanceddriverassistancesystemswillmakedriving

safer.

第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题L5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Oneday,LukeFortunedrovefromOregontoPortland,whereheparkedhiscarinapaidgarageovernight.

Thenextmorning,he21thecar'swindowhadbeenbroken,alongwithhis22forthefuture:his

computerwas23.“Everythingimportanttomewasonthatcomputer,saidFortune.UIfelt24

Twodaysafterthe25,anotheryoungmancalledFortune.MasoudAlmazroueiwasanexchange

studentfromtheUnitedArabEmirates.He'dbeen26byamanwhosaidhehadacomputerforsale.Only

$200,Almazrouei27acomputer,soheboughtit,tookithome,andturnediton.Withinseconds,hesaw

filesandphotographs.wonderedwhowould28acomputerwithallofthisonit,“hesaid."I29

itcouldbestolen.^Almazroueifoundwhatappearedtobetheowner'sphonenumberandcalledit30.

“Hetoldmethestoryandsaiditwashisfault.Ithoughtitwasa31.1toldhimifhereallyhadthe

32heshouldtakeittothepolice,9,Fortunesaid.

33.apoliceofficercalledFortunetosaythatamanhaddroppedthecomputeroffandhadsaidhewas

34Hepassedontheman'snumber.

FortunecalledandthankedAlmazroueiand35payinghimarewardof$200-themoneyhewasout.

Almazrouei36.

Whenareportaboutthetwoyoungmen'sstorymadeittothelocalpapers,Almazroueireceiveda（n）37

fromWimWiewel,thepresidentoftheuniversitywhereAlmazroueiisstudying.Impressedwithhisstudent's

38WiewelgaveAlmazroueianewcomputer.uWethoughtsirceyou39thecomputer,weshouldgive

youacomputersothatyou'llhaveone,"Wieweltoldhim."We'revery40you.”

21.A.expectedB.concludedC.discoveredD.remembered

22.A.dreamsB.skillsC.decisionsD.imaginations

23.A.robbedB.hiddenC.brokenD.gone

7

24.A.respectfulB.depressedC.ridiculousD.regretful

25.A.theftB.conflictC.adventureD.emergency

26.A.inspiredB.remindedC.interviewedD.approached

27.A.operatedB.neededC.possessedD.assessed

28.A.returnB.likeC.sellD.throw

29.A.realizedB.predictedC.admittedD.guaranteed

30.A.unwillinglyB.cautiouslyC.immediatelyD.automatically

31.A.mistakeB.catastropheC.misunderstandingD.trick

32.A.chanceB.computerC.braveryD.experience

33.A.BesidesB.HoweverC.AfterwardsD.Therefore

34.A.sorryB.movedC.luckyD.teiTified

35.A.enjoyedB.practisedC.succeededinD.insistedon

36.A.ignoredB.refusedC.hesitatedD.withdrew

37.A.invitationB.apologyC.warningD.call

38.A.virtueB.achievementC.independenceD.determination

39.A.tookbackB.paidbackC.gavebackD.heldback

40.A.tiredofB.proudofC.curiousaboutD.concernedabout

第二节(共10小题；每小题15分，满分15分)

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Expertssaythebeepopulationisgettingsmallerbecauseofclimatechangeandotherhuman-caused41.

(activity).Wearebuildinghousesandcitiesonlandwheretheylive,andusingchemicals42.arekillingthem.

Lastwinter,U.S.beekeepers43.(lose)almost40%oftheircolonies(蜂群).

Thiele,44.beekeeper,saystheusualwayspeopleraisehoneybees45,_(be)badfortheirhealth.He

rejectsthewhiteboxe