现在完成时练习题及答案15433

一、时态讲解：现在完成时（1）构成：现在完成时由助动词have+过去分词构成，助动词have有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用has，其余用have.现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以study为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：否定式疑问式Ihavenot(haven't)studied..HaveIstudied.?Youhavenot(haven't)studied....Haveyoustudied.?Hehasnot(hasn't)studied..Hashestudied.?否定疑问式简单回答（肯定/否定）HaveInot(Haven'tI)studied.?Yes,youhave.No,youhaven't.Haveyounot(Haven'tyou)studied.?Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven't.Hashenot(Hasn'the)studied.?Yes,hehas.No,hehasn't.2）用法：1）现在完成时诵常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现，在的结果或影响。Mydaughterhasjustgoneout.我女儿刚出去。I'msurewe'vemetbefore.我肯定我们以前见过面。Shehasarrived.她到了。2)表示持续到现在的动作或状态,往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently,already,just,lately,for...,since...,yet等。如：Ihaven'theardfromherthesedays.这些日子我没有收到她的信。Wehaven'tseenyourecently.最近我们没有见到你。Theyhavebeenawayfortwoyears.他们离开已经两年了。ShehasbeenwithussinceMonday.★注意：a)since和for的区别since后接时间点，女口1993，lastterm,yesterday,thetimeIgottherefor后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如tenyears,awhile,twodays等。Exercise:用since和for填空JimhasbeeninIrelandMonday.JillhasbeeninIrelandthreedays.HisaunthaslivedinAustralia15days.Maryisinheroffice.Shehasbeenthere7o'clock.Indiahasbeenanindependentcountry1974.Thebusislate.They'vebeenwaiting20minutes.Nobodylivesinthosehouses.Theyhavebeenemptymanyyears.Mikehasbeenillalongtime.HehasbeeninhospitalOctober.since2.for3.for4.since5.since6.for7.for8.since2)表示短暂意义的动词如arrive,leave,borrow,buy,begin,start,die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说：Hehascomeherefor2weeks.xTheoldmanhasdiedfor4months.xTheyhaveleftonlyfor5minutes.x以上三句话可以改为：Hehasbeenherefor2weeks.Theoldmanhasfor4months.Theyhaveonlyfor5minuteshave(has)been和have(has)gone的区别：表示“曾到过某地”要用“have(has)been”;表示“已经去某地”要用“have(has)gone”。试比较：Wherehashebeen?他刚才到哪里去了？(已经回来了)Wherehashegone?他上哪儿去了？(人不在)TheyhavebeentoCanada.他们到过加拿大。(现在已经不在加拿大)TheyhavegonetoCanada.他们到加拿大去了。(可能在路上和已经到加拿大).现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday,lastyear,in1976,twodaysago,justnow,whenIcamein,但可以和already,yet,sometimes,always,often,before,lately,recently,once,twice,ever,never等连用。例如：Shehasalreadycome.她已经来了。Ihaven'treadityet.我还没读过这个。Ihavemethimbefore.我从前曾见过他。MaHonghasalwaysbeenagoodstudent.马红一直是个好学生。Ihaveoftenseenhiminthestreet.我经常在街上看见他。TheyhaveneverbeentoYan'an.他们从未去过延安。Ihaven'tseenhimlately.我近来没看到他。IrregularVerbsBaseFormPastFormPastParticiplebearborebornbeatbeatbeatenbecomebecamebecomeblowblewblownbringbroughtbroughtbuildbuiltbuiltbuyboughtboughtcatchcaughtcaughtchoosechosechosencomecamecomedodiddonedrinkdrankdrunkdrivedrovedriveneatateeatenfallfellfallenfindfoundfoundflyflewflowngetgotgot

givegavegivengowentgonegrowgrewgrownhavehadhadhearheardheardkeepkeptkeptleaveleftleftloselostlostmakemademadeputputputreadreadreadrunranrunsaysaidsaidseesawseensellsoldsoldsendsentsentsingsangsungsinksank/sunksunktaketooktakenteachtaughttaughtwritewrotewroteam,iswasbeenarewerebeenExercise:Fillintheblankswiththeproperform.Ialready(see)thefilm.I(see)itlastweek.he(finish)hisworktoday?Notyet.Myfatherjust(come)backfromwork.Heistirednow.Where'sLiMing?He(go)totheteacher'soffice.I(work)heresinceI(move)herein1999.SofarI(make)quiteafewfriendshere.HowlongtheWangs(stay)here?Fortwoweeks.Ijust(finish)myhomework.He(go)toschoolonfooteveryday.you(find)yoursciencebookyet?Ifit(be)finetomorrow,I'llgowithyou.Thestudents(read)Englishwhentheteachercamein.Look!Themonkey(climb)thetree.Mymother(come)toseemenextSunday.I'velostmypen.you(see)itanywhere?have,seen,saw2.Has,finished3.has,come4.hasgone5.haveworked,moved6.havemadehave,stayed8.have,finished9.goes10.have,found11.is12.werereading13.isclimbingiscoming15.Have,seenChoosethebestanswer.Howlonghaveyouhere?D.beenA.comeB.gotC.arrivedD.beenMygrandpadied.

B.for2yearsD.myagewas6.A.attheageofmyB.for2yearsD.myagewas6.C.whenIwas2.JanehastoBeiJing.Shewillcomebacktomorrow.A.beenB.goneC.wentD.neverbeenItistenyearsIlastsawher.A.afterB.sinceC.forD.that--WhowillgotothestationtomeetLorry?--Iwill.Iherseveraltimes.A.metB.havemetC.hadmetD.willmeet--Whatanicedress!Howlongyouit?--Just2weeks.A.will,buyB.did,buyC.are,havingD.have,hadA.will,buyB.did,buyC.are,havingD.have,had--DoyouknowLydiaverywell?--Yes,SheandIfriendssincewewereveryyoung.D.haveturnedA.havemadeB.havebecomeC.havebeenD.haveturnedTheSmithsinChinafor8years.A.haslivedB.livedC.havebeenD.live--Hello,thisisMr.Greenspeaking.CanIspeaktoMr.Black?--Sorry.HetheBainiaoPark.A.hasbeentoB.hasgonetoC.wenttoD.willgoto--youevertotheUS?--Yes,twice.A.Have,goneB.Have,beenC,Do,goD.were,goingRewritethesentences.IhavebeentoMacaubefore.（改为否定句）IbeentoMacaubefore.2.Hehasn'tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.（就划线部分提问）hecometoschool?Iboughanewbikejustnow.（用just改写）Ijustanewbike.WebegantolearnEnglishthreeyearsago.（改为同义句）WeEnglishthreeyearsHehasneversurfed,?（改成反意疑问句）Theyhavebeenheresince2000.（对划线部分提问）havetheybeenhere?Theoldmanlastyear.Hehasforayear.（die）（动词填空）MissGaoleftanhourago.（同义句转换）MissGaohasanhourago.

AskthequestionsIhavebeentherefortwodays.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zyou?Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.yourfather?Helefthereyesterday.he?Theyboughtabooktwohoursago.4.Whendid,theyabook?4.Whendid,Keys:1.Howlonghave,beenthere2.Howlonghas,livedhere3.Whendid,leaveherebuyUse“never,ever,already,just,yet,for,since”tofillintheblanks.Ihaveseenhimbefore,soIhavenoideaabouthim.Jackhasfinishedhishomework.Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschooltenyears.“Haveyouseenthefilm?”“No,Ihaveseenit.”“Hasthebusleft?”“Yes,ithasleft.”Keys:1.never2.just,already3.for4.ever,never5.yet,just/already现在完成时练习题及答案一、翻译下列句子：你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？

我刚刚丢了我的化学书。我以前从来没去过那个农场。他已经吃过午饭你已经看过这部电影了吗？我哥哥还没回来。这本字典我已买了三年了。他离开中国三年了。我认识他们五年了。他们已去了美国五年了。自从他搬到济宁，他就住这儿了。我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年自从1999年以来他们就认识。14.我来到这个学校已3年多了。二、用since和for填空twoyears___twoyears___lastmonthyesterday74hours___wewerechildrenlunchtimesheleftheretwoyearsago19994o'clockanhouragoHehaslivedinNanjing___theyearbeforelast.I'veknownhimwewerechildren.14.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanesethreeyears.Shehasbeenawayfromthecityabouttenyears.It'sabouttenyearssheleftthecity.三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语①arriveat/insp/getto/reachsp/come/go/movetospfbeinsp/atschool/athome/onthefarm/behere/bethere1)HegottoBeijingfiveminutesago.HeBeijingfor2)ImovedtotheUSAin2008.ItheUSAsince3)Iwenthomeyesterday.Ihomefor4)Theycameherelastweek.Theyheresincecometo/gobackto/returntofbebacktogooutfbeoutHecameouttwoyearsago.Hefor.WereturntoBeijingyesterday.We___toBeijingsincebecomefbeIbecameateacherin2000.IateacherforTheriverbecamedirtylastyear.Theriverdirtyfor

closefbeclosedopen—beopenTheshopclosedtwohoursago.TheshopforThedooropenedatsixinthemorning.Thedoorforsixhours.getupfbeup；diefbedead；leavesp.fbeawayfromsp.fallasleep/gettotsleepfbeasleep；finish/endfbeover；marryfbemarried；TOC\o"1-5"\h\zIgotuptwohoursago.Isince.HeleftShanghaijustnow.HeShanghaiforfiveminutes.Mygrandpadiedin2002.Mygrandpafor.Themeetingfinishedatsix.Themeetingforsixhours.Igottosleeptwohoursago.I___since.Theymarriedin1990.Theysince.start/begintodosth.fdosth.；beginfbeon1)Ibegantoteachatthisschoolin1995.Iatthisschoolsincefor2)Thefilmbegantwominutesago.Thefilmforborrowfkeep；losefnothave；buyfhave；putonfweargettoknowfknowTheyitsincegettoknowfknowTheyitsinceIapenforIhimsince1)Theyborroweditlastweek.2)Iboughtapentwohoursago.Igottoknowhimlastyear.Iputonmyglassesthreeyearsago.Imyglassesforhave/hasgoneto—havebeeninHehasgonetoBeijing.HeBeijingfortwodays.⑨jointheleague/theParty/thearmybealeaguemember/aPartymember/asoldierbeamemberoftheleague/thePartybeintheleague/theParty/thearmy1)Hejoinedtheleaguein2002.Heafortwoyears.Heathefortwoyears.Hetheleaguefortwoyears.2)Mybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zMybrotherafor.Mybrotherinfortwoyears.四、划线提问1)Ihavebeentherefortwodays.you?2)Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.yourfather?Helefthereyesterday.he?Theyboughtabooktwohoursago.theyabook五、用have(has)been或have(has)gone填空。A:WhereLiFei?B:HetoHainanIsland.A:Howlonghethere?B:Hethereforthreedays.A:Whenwillhecomeback,doyouknow?B:I'mafraidhewon'tcomebackrecently.A:CouldyoutellmethewaytoHainanIsland?B:Sorry,Ineverthere.A:HowmanytimesLiFeitothatplace?B:Hethereonlyonce.六、用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto及go的各种形式填空。1)WhereisJack?Hehiscountry.2)Davidtheparkjustnow.JohnEnglandsincehecameback.Howlongtheythisvillage?TheSmithsBeijingforyears.youeverAmerica?--Yes,Itheremanytimes.Ithisschoolsincethreeyearsago.WhereisJim?Hethefarm.Whenhe?Heanhourago.Wouldyouliketotothezoowithme?---Yes,butItherebefore.Whereyounow?---Itothezoo.Heoftenswimming.youtherelastyear?theyoftenskatinginwinter?七用never,ever,already,just,yet,for,since填空Ihaveseenhimbefore,soIhavenoideaabouthim.Jackhasfinishedhishomework.Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschooltenyears.“Haveyouseenthefilm?”“No,Ihaveseenit.”“Hasthebusleft?”“Yes,ithasleft.”八.用适当的时态填空：1.She's(live)hereeversinceshewasten.Bothofthem(be)inHongkongfortendays.Bothofthem(come)toHongkongtendaysago.Halfanhour(pass)sincethetrain(leave).Mary(lose)herpen.you(see)ithereandthere?you(find)yourwatchyet?---Areyouthirsty?---NoIjust(have)someorange.Wealready(return)thebook.they(build)anewschoolinthevillage?I(notfinish)myhomework.Canyouhelpme?Myfather(read)thenoveltwice.I(buy)abookjustnow.I(lost)mywatchyesterday.Myfather(read)thisbooksinceyesterday.现在完成时态练习题答案一．翻译下列句子：Haveyoueverhad/eatenfishandchips?Ihavejustlostmychemistrybook.Ihaveneverbeentothefarmbefore.Hehasalreadyhadlunch=Hehashadlunchalready.Haveyouseenthemovieyet?Mybrotherhasn'tcome/get/beenbackyet=Mybrotherhasn'treturnedyet.7.Ihavehadthisdictionaryforthreeyears/sincethreeyearsago.8.HasbeenawayfromChinaforthreeyears.Ihaveknownthemforfiveyears.TheyhavebeenintheUSAforfiveyears.HehasbeenheresincehemovedtoJining.Mysisterhasbeenacollegestudentforthreeyears=Mysisterhasbeenincollegeforthreeyears.Theyhaveknowneachothersince1999.Ihavebeeninthisschoolforoverthreeyears.二、用since或者for填空1.for2.since3.since4.since5.since6.since7.for8since9.since10.since11.since12.since13.since14.for15.for16.since三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语1.hasbeenin,fiveminuteshavebeenin,2008havebeenat,twodayshavebeen,lastweek1.havebeenout,twoyearshavebeenback,yesterday1.havebeen,nineyears2.hasbeen,twoyears1.hasbeenclosed,twohours2.hasbeenopen1.havebeenup,twohoursago2.hasbeenawayfromhasbeendead,sevenyearshasbeenoverhavebeenasleep,twohoursagohavebeenmarried,1990

1.havetaught,19952.hasbeenon,twominutes1.havekept,lastweek2.havehad,twohourshaveknown,lastyearshaveworn,threeyearshasbeeninhasbeen,Leaguememberhasbeen,memberof,Leaguehasbeenin2.hasbeen,soldier,twoyearshasbeen,thearmy四、划线提问1.Howlonghave,beenthere2.Howlonghas,livedhere3.Whendid,leavehere4.Whendid,buy五、用have(has)been或have(has)gone填空。A:WherehasLiFeigone?B:HehasgonetoHainanIsland.A:Howlonghashebeenthere?B:Hehasbeenthereforthreedays.A:Whenwillhecomeback,doyouknow?B:I'mafraidhewon'tcomebackrecently.A:CouldyoutellmethewaytoHainanIsland?B:Sorry,Ihaveneverbeenthere.A:HowmanytimeshasLiFeibeentothatplace?B:Hehasbeenthereonlyonce.六、用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto及go的各种形式填空。1.hasgonet3.hasbeenin2.wentto4.have,beenin5.havebeenin6.Have,beento;havebeen7.havebeenin/at8.hasgoneto9.didgo;went11.are,going;amgoing13.Did,go七、综合练习:10.go;havebeen12.goes14.Do,go1.never2.just,already八.用适当的时态填空：3.for4.ever,never5.yet,just/already1.lived/hasbeenliving2.havebeen3.went4.haspassed;left6.Have,foundhaslost;6.Have,found7.have,had9.7.have,had9.Have,built11.hasread10.haven'tfinishedbought13.lost14.havebeenreading/hasread一、用作及物动词的wish和hope之比较与不定式短语搭配时的异同比较。作及物动词时，wish和hope都与todosth.搭配。但分析表明，wishtodosth.意为"现在”想做某事，它表达的是眼下的要求或意愿（一般容易实现），其中“do”隐含的时间状语是“now”或“then”。而hopetodosth.意为想在“将来”做成某事，它表达的是一个想要实现的目标（不一定能实现），其中“do”隐含的时间状语是“insometimetocome”。请比较下列从语料库中摘引的例子（注：本文中所有举例均摘自Cobuild语料库）。Aladywishedtoseemeurgently.Iwishnowtogiveamoredetaileddescriptionofthe1974RemembranceDaymarch.DRIhopestoOut-DosMs-DoswithDRDos.TheirlawyerhopstotakethecasetotheEuropeanCouncil.有时，wish与todosth.搭配主要是表示礼貌和郑重，如：TheauthorswishtothankRonHochsprungatAppleforhispatienceandsupport.2•与that引导的从句搭配时的异同比较。作及物动词时，wish和hope都与that-clause搭配,但存在三方面的差异：1）在组合模式上,wish和that-clause只以sb.+wish+that-clause的形式组合。而hope和that-clause可以sb.+hope+that-clause以及It+be+hoped+that-clause两种形式组合。2）在语义上，wish+that-clause和hope+that-clause虽都表示愿某种理想的情况（由that-clause表示出来）在“过去”、“现在”或“将来”出现。但wish意味着所希望的是与事实相反的情况，因此几乎没有出现的可能性，而hope意味着说话人认为所希望的情况有可能出现（也许并不会出现），并对之怀有期盼。3）在用法上，wish后的that-clause中的谓语动词只用两种时态：过去完成时（表示该情况与过去的事实相反）和一般过去时（表示该情况与现在或将来的事实相反）。如：OneonlywishesthathehadspentmoretimegainingaperspectiveoutsideAmerica.Iwishyourteethwerelarger.Idowishtheywouldgetonwithit.而hope后的that-clause中的谓语动词可用多种时态。一般说来，过去时态表示陈述的是“过去”的情况，进行时态表示陈述的是“现在”的情况，将来时态或一般现在时态表示陈述的是“将来”的情况。请看举例：Ihopeyouwereinspiredbythemarch,thedrums,andGodknowswhat.IhopeAppleisworkingonthenext-generationMacintoshoperatingsystem.It'shopedthatitwillshortlybesupplying40%ofSouthAfrica'smotorfuelrequirement.Let'shopehegetsbetterandcomeshome.3.wish带名词做宾语的分析。用作及物动词的wish可以带名词做宾语，两者的搭配方式为：wishsb.sth.或wishsth.to/onsb.（表祝愿），wishsb.todosth.或wishsth.done（表愿望）。例如：Iwishthemalltheluckintheworld.Idon'twanttowishanybadluckonthem.ManywishBritaintohaveamajorinfluenceinworldaffairsagain.Thereissomesensitivematerialwhichthedepositordoesnotwishdivulged.而在该语料库中没有发现hope后带名词作宾语的例子。二、用作不及物动词的wish和hope之比较用作不及物动词时，wish主要出现在if+sb.+wish、as+sb.+wish、when+sb.+wish等组合中，表示“眼下”的愿望或要求，这些组合既可作状语，也可作插入语。而hope主要用在sb.+hope、it+be+hoped、what+sb.+hope+be等组合中，表示对一个理想情况的期盼，这些组合只作插入语。例如：Mr.ScowcroftmeansthattheUNisnowoperatingastheUSwishes.Whenyouprintthebriefingcharts,youcanalso,ifyouwish,printthenotefiles.Theresult,hehoped,wouldbehappy.This,itishoped,mightprovideaneconomicincentiveforconservation.IputthekeyintowhatIhopedwastherightlock.此外，用作不及物动词的wish和hope都与forsth.搭配，但wishforsth.表示想有某“物”的愿望（眼下没有得到的可能性）或要求（有可能性），而hopeforsth.表示对一理想“结果”的期盼（不一定能实现）。请看以下举例：Iwishforasystemthatrespectstheaspirationoftheyoung.（愿望）LadyLitteltonwishesforaroomofseparationbetweentheeatingroomandthedrawingroom.（要求）Butchemistshopeforabreakthroughinatleastoneareaofresearch.三、用作名词的wish和hope之比较语法搭配及搭配意义的比较。用作名词时，wish（es）与todosth./forsth.搭配表示眼下想做某事/想有某物的具体“愿望”，与ofsb.搭配表示某些人的笼统“意愿”。请看举例：Ithasnowishtointerveneintheinternalaffairsofanothernation.That'swhathadpromptedCharlesBabbagetogroanouthisfamouswishfortablescalculatedby‘steam'.TheNFupholdsthewishofthemajorityoftheBritishpeople.而hope（s）常与ofdoingsth./ofsth./forsth.搭配，表示对一个理想结果的主观“期盼”或有利于某结果出现的客观“机会”；与that-clause搭配，表示对出现某情况的“期盼”或有利于某情况出现的“机会”；与forsb.搭配，表示对某人成功的“期盼”或有利于某人成功的“机会”，等等。请看举例：ThosetwodefeatseffectivelyendedanyhopesBritainhadofwinningthegroup.Thisrevivedhopesofafurtherinterestratecut.Ifitis,therewillbenohopefortheyoungstersinthevillage.动词搭配比较。表示具体“愿望”的wish（es）主要与有“表达”、“存在”、“实现”等含义的动词搭配，如express、speakout、state、groanout、makenosecretof、have、cometrue等。表示笼统“意愿”的wish（es）则主要与有“遵从”、“了解”、“违背”等含义的动词搭配，如conform