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表示时间关系:me,meanwhile,when,afterthen…,时间状语例:LastsummerItookajobasawaitress.Mymotivesatthetimewerepurelyulterior:Ihadbeenattractedbylocalfablesofthegeneroustipsleftbytourists…Myroutinewasregularone:takeorders,carryfood,….Duringthatfirstweek,Icouldonlystumblehomeafteraday’sworkandfallinbed.EvenwhenIhad eaccustomedtotheroutine,Ineverhnytrouble….Bytheendofthesummer,Ihadfirmlyresolved…
表示空间关系:up,down,inside,over,例:Itwasthegreenheartofthecanyon,…Hereallthingsrested.Eventhenarrow…Ononeside,beginningatthe…wasatinymeadow….Beyondthepoolagentleslopeofearthranupandup….Below,thecanyonwasshutin.Therewasnoview….Upthecanyonrosefarhillsandpeaks….Andfarbeyond,likecloudsupontheborderofthesky,…
表示例举和顺序:first(ly),second(ly),third(ly)…;one,two,three…(学术 技文章);foronething…(and)foranother(thing);forastart(非正式);tobeginwith,tostartwith;inthefirst ce,inthesecondce;next,then;finally,eventually,last,lastly;toconclude…
表示意义增进和引申:furthermore,moreover,then,aboveall,whatismore…
in例:Youshouldnottrustadvertisements.Lookattheproductsthemselves….Talktoyourfriends…ReadaboutproductAndthenyouwill….Aboveall,don’tbuyproductbecauseanadvertisementsaysthatafamousfootballyeroramoviestarlikes
表示转折和对比:but,however,nevertheless,still,though,yet,inanycase,atanyrate,inspiteofthat,afterall,then,onthecontrary,bywayofcontrast,conversely,bywayofcomparison,ontheotherhand…
表示等同和替换equally,likewise,similarly,inthesameway;namely,inwords,thatis,thatistosay;better,rather,alternatively,ontheotherhand;(or)again,(even)better,worse(still)…例:Hemaybelate.Worsestill,hemaynotcomeatall.Wouldyouliketohaveameetingaboutthematterthisafternoon?Alternatively,wecoulddiscussitatdinner.
ally,now,bytheway;altogether,overall,allinall,inall,inbrief,inconclusion,inshort,toconclude,tosumup… eschildren,andhere,asusuallyelsewhere,thereis70%reductionfor ally,untilyouare15onNorwegiantrainsandmostbuses
表示结果和推论:asaresult,accordingly,consequently,asa(in)consequence,forthis/thatreason,onthataccount,inthatcase,hence,therefore,then,thus;accordingly;else,例:Thefactorywasburneddownlastnight;onthataccountmanyworkmenwerethrownoutofemployment.Tomeettheneedsofthenewsituation,agriculturehadtoundergoadrasticchange–thatwasindisputable;else(=ifnot,otherwise)thecountrywouldhavestarved.
(2001)Whenwethinkaboutaddictiontodrugsoralcohol,wefrequentlyfocusonnegativeaspects,ignoringthepleasuresthatpanydrinkingordrug-taking.46theessenceofanyseriousaddictionisapursuitofpleasure,asearchfora“high”…A.C.And
B.D.
(2002/3)…Womenhavedintotheworldofworkandhave eadeptatmeetingexpectationsintarena,48maintainingtheirfamilyrolesofnurturingandcreating….A.byB.whileC.henceD.(2000)…Explosivepopulationgrowth49atorrentofmigrationfromthecountrysidearecreatingcitiesthatdwarfthegreatcapitalsofthepast.A.ofB.likeC.andD.
(1996)Ifthetrajectoryisinfactpursued,industrialgrowthwill53havetocometoanimmediatehalt,…53.A.ratherB.hardlyC.thenD.(1998)…Thepuritans,48theywerecalled,hadmuchtobethankful49.A.sinceB.likeC.forD.
(1997)It'snosecretthatteachershaveleavingtheirchosenfieldindroves.Butnoteveryteacheris"burnedout".Imyselfjustcannotimaginelife41theclassroom.Why,then,doIstayinteaching?41.A.outsideB.inC.intoD.(2001)…Theorganismmay 57sated,soonitbeginstocrave57.A. B.C. D.
(2001) addict,forinstance,leads59life,hisincreasingneedfor increasingdosespreventshimfromworking,frommaintainingrelationships,fromdeveloinhumanways.60analcoholic’slifeisnarrowedanddehumanizedbyhisdependenceonalcohol.60.A.C.
B.D.
(1999)Gradually,withoutseeingitclearlyforquiteawhile,IcametorealizethatsomethingisverywrongwiththewayAmericanwomenaretryingtolivetheirlivestoday.Isenseditfirstasa46markinmyownlife,as47wifeandmotherofthreesmallchildren,half-guilty,andthereforehalf-heartedlyusingmyabilitiesandeducationinworkthattookme48home.Itwasthis tospendagreatdealoftime ng…46.A.questionB.C. D.
(2002/3)AtleastsincetheIndustrialRevolution,genderroleshavebeeninastateoftransition.Asaresult,culturalscriptsaboutmarriagehaveundergonechange.Oneofthemoreobvious46hasoccurredintherolesthatwomen47…46.A. sB.changesC.resultsD.effects
(2002/10)Assumingthataconstanttravel-timebudget,geographicconstraintsandshort-terminfrastructureconstraintspersistasfundamentalfeaturesofglobalmobility,whatlong-termresultscanoneexpect?…Inseveraldeveloregions,mosttravel50in2050willbedevotedtonon-motorizedmodes.Buseswillpersist51theprimaryformofmotorizedtransportationindevelocountriesfordecades.51.A.toB.asC.withD.
(2002/10)52importantairtravel buses,autosand53low-speedtrainswillsurelygoonservingvitalfunctions.54ofthesuper-richalreadycommuteandshopinaircraft,butaveragepeoplewillcontinuetospendmostoftheirtraveltimeonthe55.A.mountainB.groundC.sky
(2000)Is
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